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Finding it hard to exercise daily? How about popping a pill that could help replace your workouts? Science is closer to that goal, with researchers identifying a molecule in the blood that is produced during exercise. This may be particularly helpful for older or frail people who cannot exercise enough, and taking the medication can help them slow down osteoporosis, heart disease or other conditions. According to researchers at <keyword id="503459" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="baylor-college-of-medicine" source="Orion">Baylor College of Medicine</keyword> and <keyword id="101399" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="stanford-university" source="Orion">Stanford University</keyword> the drug molecule could effectively reduce food intake and obesity in mice. The findings, detailed in the journal Nature, also improves understanding of the physiological processes that underlie the interplay between exercise and hunger. "Regular exercise has been proven to help weight loss, regulate appetite and improve the metabolic profile, especially for people who are overweight and obese," said Dr. <keyword id="14210868" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="yong-xu" source="Orion">Yong Xu</keyword>, professor of paediatrics, nutrition and molecular and cellular biology at <keyword id="322693" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="baylor" source="Orion">Baylor</keyword>. "If we can understand the mechanism by which exercise triggers these benefits, then we are closer to helping many people improve their health," Xu added. The team conducted comprehensive analyses of blood plasma compounds from mice following intense treadmill running. The most significantly induced molecule was a modified amino acid called Lac-Phe. It is synthesised from lactate (a byproduct of strenuous exercise that is responsible for the burning sensation in muscles) and phenylalanine (an amino acid that is one of the building blocks of proteins). In mice with diet-induced obesity (fed a high-fat diet), a high dose of Lac-Phe suppressed food intake by about 50 per cent compared to control mice over a period of 12 hours without affecting their movement or energy expenditure. When administered to the mice for 10 days, Lac-Phe reduced cumulative food intake and body weight (owing to loss of body fat) and improved glucose tolerance. The researchers also identified an enzyme called CNDP2 that is involved in the production of Lac-Phe and showed that mice lacking this enzyme did not lose as much weight on an exercise regime as a control group on the same exercise plan. Interestingly, the team also found robust elevations in plasma Lac-Phe levels following physical activity in racehorses and humans. Data from a human exercise cohort showed that sprint exercise induced the most dramatic increase in plasma Lac-Phe, followed by resistance training and then endurance training. The team next aims to find how Lac-Phe mediates its effects in the body, including the <keyword id="6361813" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="brain" source="Orion">brain</keyword>. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/brain-damage-helped-these-cigarette-smokers-quit-researchers-say-the-findings-could-one-day-help-people-overcome-addiction-/articleshow/92238146.cms">Brain damage helped these cigarette smokers quit, researchers say. The findings could one day help people overcome addiction.</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/drinking-sugary-drinks-like-soda-even-just-one-a-day-is-linked-to-higher-risk-of-liver-cancer-a-new-study-suggests/articleshow/92231136.cms">Drinking sugary drinks like soda, even just one a day, is linked to higher risk of liver cancer, a new study suggests</a>

Soon you can just pop a pill instead of working out

Top 100 richest people in the world: Some interesting facts

China has a reputation for having a rigorous&#xa0;<a href="http://www.ncee.org/programs-affiliates/center-on-international-education-benchmarking/top-performing-countries/">education system</a>, scoring number one out of 65 nations in the latest&#xa0;<a href="http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdf">Programme for International Student Assessment&#xa0;(PISA</a><a href="http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdf">)</a> test.
Fifteen-year-olds around the world take the PISA every three years, and it's become&#xa0;the gold standard of ranking nations in terms of educational strength.
In comparison to China, the US scored 36th in math, 28th in science, and 24th in reading on the last PISA ranking.
China's dominance on international standardized tests, coupled with its relatively <a href="http://www.oecd.org/education/skills-beyond-school/48630868.pdf">cheap government spending on education,</a>&#xa0;might make the country seem like one whose schools the US should emulate. 
But Yong Zhao's book <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Afraid-Big-Bad-Dragon/dp/1118487133">"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Dragon?</a>" takes a critical look major flaws in China's <keyword id="6355445" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Education">education</keyword> system, arguing that its focus on test-taking can rob students of creativity. 
"Chinese education produces excellent test scores, a short-term outcome that can be achieved by rote memorization and hard work," writes Zhao, who grew up in China and taught there,&#xa0;"but like the Chinese government itself, it does not produce a citizenry of diverse, creative, and innovative talent."&#xa0;
Chinese educational system excels at transmitting a narrow amount of content and prescribed skills that its students must master, Zhao argues. 
Chinese students put an outsize amount of time into mastering these skills. They have an average of <a href="http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/5jxrhqhtx2xt.pdf?expires=1431097359&amp;id=id&amp;accname=guest&amp;checksum=E4182B678B0541943DAB8BB3D036EFC1">14 hours of homework a week</a>, the most of any country measured by a study by the&#xa0;Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
The US, for comparison, had an average of 6 hours per week.
This hard work isn't paying off in terms of innovation, according to Zhao.
A recent article in the Harvard Business Review expressed doubts that China could be a world leader in entrepreneurship <a href="https://hbr.org/2014/03/why-china-cant-innovate">due to the "bounded" education and political systems</a> there.
And many think the&#xa0;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Higher_Education_Entrance_Examination">Gaokao</a>,&#xa0;China's most important university entrance exam, kills creativity and drive. Xu Xiaoping, a&#xa0;Chinese angel investor, believes this to be the case and also <a href="http://venturebeat.com/2012/03/26/why-china-doesnt-innovate/">claims it will take at least 20 years</a> for China to stop sending students overseas to learn how to be innovative, according to Venture Beat.
Zhao looks to another Chinese scholars' words on the matter to highlight this point.
"No one, after 12 years if Chinese education, has any chance to receive a Nobel prize, even if he or she goes to Harvard, Yale, Oxford, or Cambridge for college," <a href="http://zhaolearning.com/2014/02/22/deja-vu-too-late-to-learn-from-china/">Zheng Yefu, a professor at China's Peking University, said</a>, according to Zhao's blog. 
While that might be an overstatement, other scholars have noted the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/howard-steven-friedman/where-are-the-chinese-nob_b_759749.html">dearth of Chinese-educated Nobel Prize winners</a>. In order for China to produce more Nobel Prize winners, "Chinese academia will need to modify their teaching styles to emphasize more creative problem solving, rather than the traditional approach that values ... memorization," the prominent statistician&#xa0;Howard Steven Friedman wrote in the Huffington Post.
The US shouldn't rush to adopt China's rote education methods, Zhao argues. For him, that's already happening with America's increased fixation on standardized testing. This focus on testing, he argues, reflects America's embrace authoritarianism.
A rush to look like China, he argues, would lead to "the loss of values traditionally celebrated by American education - values that helped make America the most prosperous and advanced nation in the world."

Here's the one big problem with China's supposedly amazing schools

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Bryan Bedder/Getty Images for The New York TimesGoldman Sachs Group chairman and CEO Lloyd Blankfein.</div></div></div><section><article><div><div><section data-share-hash=""><div>Goldman Sachs just announed a new class of managing directors.</div><div></div><div>Here's the statement:</div></section></div>NEW YORK, November 8, 2017 -- The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) today announced that it has selected a new class of Managing Directors, effective from January 1, 2018, the start of the firm's next fiscal year."Our new Managing Directors have demonstrated an outstanding commitment to our people, clients and culture during their tenures at the firm, and we wish them continued success as they take this important next step in their careers," said Lloyd C. Blankfein, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Goldman Sachs.The following individuals have been promoted to Managing Director: Gregg Abramson Sanjay Acharya Khalid Albdah Amal Alibair Karthikeyan Anbalagan Rolf Andersson Volker Anger Jonathan Armstrong Ken Ashley Lavanya Ashok Sebastian Ayton Jonathan Babkow Julio Badi Amitayush Bahri Soren Balzer Robert Barlick Jr. Philip Barreca Santiago Bau David Bauer Oksana Beard Lee Becker Virender Bedi Stuart Beer Christian Beerli Amanda Beisel Yumiko Bekku David Bell Pierre Benichou Andrew Benito Marco Bensi Laura Benson Stephen Bergin Daniel Berglund Greg Berry Shital Bhatt Dipanjan Bhattacharjee Anu Bhavnani Carissa Biggie Vineet Birman Daniel Bitel Anne Black Richard Blore Emmanuel Bodenstein Timothy Braude Sean Brenan Hugh Briscoe Nathaniel Bristol Leo Brito Troy Broderick Levee Brooks Eric Brothers Robert Bruns III Anthony Bunnell Meg Burke Susan Burt Sean Butkus Russell Byrne Edward Byun Adam Cahill Alessandro Calace Cristiano Camargo Ken Cawley Swapan Chaddha Patrick Chamberlain Richard Chambers Daphne Chan Lily Chan Ben Chance Ginger Chang Vikram Chavali Alex Cheek Jae Joon Choi Ken Choi Paul Choi David Clark Denis Cleary Daniel Cleland-James Ayanna Clunis Pamela Codo-Lotti Jesse Cohen Paul Coles Simon Coombes Jenny Cosco Philip Coureau Nathan Cowen Matthew Cox (Securities) Shaun Cullinan Christine D'Agostino Emile Daher Hiren Dasani Russell Day Pierre De Belen Merche del Valle Caitlin DeSantis Jack Devaney Thomas Devos Mats Dewitte Hristo Dimitrov Tim Dinsdale Isabella Disler Christian Ditullio Terence Doherty Yakut Donat Nicola Dondi Brian Dong Jason D'Silva Stefan Duffner Jane Dunlevie Marie Duval Julien Dyon Rohini Eapen Zach Eckler Sayaka Eda Jason Eisenstadt Chris Emmerson Tiffany Eng Chendan Esvaran Erkko Etula Liz Ewing Michael Fargher Matteo Farina Leigh Farris Sarah Faulkner Tom Favia Brett Feldman Jennifer Feng Jon Ferguson Alex Field Herbert Filho Alex Finston Dean Flanagan Greg Flynn Trip Foley Andrew Ho Kwon Fong Moran Forman Michael Fox Caroline Fraser Daniel Freckleton Tim Freeman Reto Frei Giles French Kirsten Frivold Michael Fu Rob Fuentes Kenji Fujimoto Carrie Gannon Chantal Garcia Akhil Garg Alex Garner Nick Gelber Andrew Gent Gizelle George-Joseph Andrea Gift Sean Gilbride Andreas Glaser Yong Suan Goh Sona Gohel Amir Gold Jeremy Goldstein Steven Gonzalez Jeff Gowen Adam Greene Tom Groothaert Hannes Gsell Ashwin Gupta Ali Haji Ayaz Haji Robert Hamilton Kelly Victoria Hampson Raja Harb Andy Harding Ryan Harster Selma Hassan Stephen Hawinkels Jacqueline Haynes Jason He* Craig Hempstead David Herrmann David Hickey Thomas Hilger Mitch Hochberg Jodi Hochberger Jane Hodges Peter Hodgkinson Dylan Hogarty Tim Holliday Naftali Holtz Amy Hong Jason Hudes Earl Hunt Joseph Hwang Yoshinori Ide Kazuya Iketani Daniel Jackson Ankit Jain (Risk) Gaurav Jaitly Jan Janssen David Jeria Alnawaz Jiwa Kim Johns Scott Johnson Elis Jones Neil Jones Robert Jones Philip Joseph Anand Joshi Shawn Joshi Ritu Kalra Michael Kaprelian Nadeem Kayani Alicia Keenan Neil Kelleher Tom Kennedy Aqil Khan Sarah Kiernan Daniel Kim Eugene Kim (IMD) Jason Kim (GIR) Sora Kim Kristy Kinahan Eugene King Laura Kirk Kunal Kishore Elliot Klapper Jayee Koffey Jason Koon Jennifer Kopylov Daniel Korich Ichiro Kosuge Vladimir Kotlyar Samuel Krasnik Katherine Krause David Kraut Sergey Kraytman Nitin Kulkarni Ram Kulkarni Dileep Kumar (Securities) Santosh Kunnakkat Wendy Kwong JP Lall Bill Lambert David Landman Yi Larson Niccolo Laudiero Nick Laux David Lee Phillip Lee Samuel Lee Shawn Lee Michael Leister David Lerner Naomi Leslie Matt Levine Na Li Haining Liang Nancy Licul Monica Lim Michelle Ling Srujan Linga Philip Linton Alan Liu Daniel Liu Eric Liu Heiman Lo Juan Lorenzo Tian Lu Wayne Lu James Lucas Dennis Luebcke Martin Luehrmann John Lynch Gina Lytle Leo Ma* Caesar Maasry Geoff MacDonald Robert Magnuson Toshiyuki Makabe Mariano Mallol Geydar Mamedov Kara Mangone Donna Mansfield Ajit Marathe Gilberto Marcheggiano James Marchese Michael Marcus Joshua Matheus Ann Mathews Chris Mathie Brian McCallion Graham McClelland Anne McCosker Michael Meehan (Compliance) Taylor Mefford Neil Mehta Adam Meister David Mericle Vitali Meschoulam Eric Meyers Alex Mignotte Andras Mikite Christopher Milligan Rahul Mistry Mike Mitchell Neil Moge Waleed Mohsin Babak Molavi Joel Monson Guy Morgan James Morris Antoine Munfa Aimee Mungovan Yuji Murata Dan Murphy Josh Murray Brian Musto Shehzad Nabi Devarajan Nambakam Ramanathan Narayanan Ganapathy Natarajan Danielle Natoli Murad Nayal Karim Nensi Scott Neu Dennis Ng Ken Ng Benjamin Ngan Joy Nguyen Salman Niaz Anders Nielsen (IMD) Howard Nifoussi Jun Niki Leah Nivison Laura Noble James Nolan Lauren Oakes Lynn Oberschmidt Allison O'Connor John O'Connor Shunil Ohrie Damian Ordish Leke Osinubi David Ossack Sathiya Padmanaban Danielle Pallin Salvador Pareja Dalmir Pasini Clorinda Pasqua Chris Pawson Paris Pender Patrick Perkins Philippe Perzi Wendy Peters Andy Phillips Flavio Picciotto Michael Pieck Sam Pirog Thomas Plank Joseph Plotkin Wade Podlich Ashish Pokharna Caitlin Pollak Charles Pollock Joe Porter Travis Potter Rohit Prabhu Richard Privorotsky Andrew Pucher Jay Rabinowitz Ankit Raj Harsha Rajamani Dmitry Rakhlin Yasser Rathore Edoardo Rava Elizabeth Reed Alexandre Reinert Stephen Reinhard Irfan Rendeci Christian Resch Andrew Rhee Riccardo Riboldi James Rinsler Caroline Riskey Helen Robinson Mark Rosen Amit Roy Joe Ryan Bernhard Rzymelka Takehiro Sakuramoto John Sales Rob Sarazen Vineeta Saxena Dominik Schaefer Andrea Scott Majid Sebti Bipin Sehgal Arseni Seregin Irma Sgarz Paulomi Shah Shreyas Shah Sunny Shah Faisal Shamsee Daniel Shapiro Mahesh Sharma Shripal Sharma Mai Shin Romy Shioda Toshimichi Shirai Mark Short Pankauz Shrestha David Shrimpton Obaid Siddiqui Mike Sidorov Scott Silverglate Stefani Silverstein Amy Silverzweig Jasdeep Singh Gabriella Skirnick Michael Sklow Maxine Sleeper Michael Slomienski Michael Sloyer Nicholas Smith (IBD) Ruth Smithson Christine Smyth Ben Snider Stacy Sonnenberg Cleaver Sower Ro Spaziani Brian Steele Johannes Steffens Duncan Stewart Stephen Stites Laurent Storoni Caroline Styant Joel Sulkes Mancy Sun Winnie Tam Nachiket Tamhane Ken Tang MK Tang Amish Tanna Melissa Teng Ross Tennenbaum Greg Thompson Fiona Thomson Justin Tobe Jason Tofsky Brad Tuthill Masahiro Uchiyama Nehal Udeshi Saad Usmani Meg Vaden Pramod Vaidyanathan Adam Van de Berghe Fred van der Wyck Suzanne van Staveren Andrew Vass Mahesh Vellanki Kadambari Verma Christopher Vilburn Iva Vukina Heng Vuong Ketan Vyas Joe Wall Jeffrey Wang Jiantao Wang Joshua Wang Lily Wang (Technology) Sherry Wang Victoria Ward (Compliance) Jeff Warren Noriko Watanabe Ramey Watkins Sam Watkins Heiko Weber Niki Webster Scott Weinstein Ryan Westmacott James Westwood Keith Wetzel Mark Wetzel James Whittingham Sabine Wick Robert Wieser Devin Wilde David Wilkins John Wilkinson Andrew Williams Ed Wong (IBD Technology) Eric Wong (Internal Audit) Kate Wood Amanda Wu Douglas Wu Joanne Xu Liang Xu** Rupam Yadav Kazushi Yamaguchi Hubert Yang Lisa Yang Basak Yavuz Zeynep Yenel David Yu Brian Zakrocki Thomas Zeppetella Yi Zhang* Adib Zouein Patrik Zumstein Piotr Zurawski Jonathan Zwart*Employee of Goldman Sachs Gao Hua Securities Company Limited **Employee of Beijing Gao Hua Securities Company Limited</div></article></section>Get the latest Goldman Sachs stock price<a href="http://markets.businessinsider.com/stock/GS-Quote"> here.</a> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/interview-with-kristina-hooper-chief-investment-strategist-at-invesco-2017-11">We talked to the chief investment strategist at $920 billion fund giant Invesco about where you should invest right now</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

Goldman Sachs' new managing director list is out

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image">Thomson ReutersPeople gather in front of a branch of Jiangsu Sheyang Rural Commercial Bank, in Yancheng</div></div></div>SHANGHAI (Reuters) - Hundreds of people rushed to withdraw money from a branch of a small Chinese bank after rumors spread about its solvency, reflecting growing anxiety among investors as regulators signal greater tolerance for credit defaults.
The case highlights the urgency of plans to implement a deposit insurance system to protect investors' deposits in case of bank insolvency, given that Chinese are growing increasingly nervous about the impact that slowing economic growth will have on the viability of financial institutions.
Regulators have said they will roll out deposit insurance as soon as possible, without giving a firm deadline.
Domestic media reported, and a local official confirmed, that ordinary depositors swarmed a branch of JiangsuSheyang Rural Commercial Bank in Yancheng in economically troubled Jiangsu province on Monday.
Bank Chairman Zang Zhengzhi was quoted as saying the bank would ensure payments to all the depositors. The report did not say how the rumor originated.
Why Yancheng investors suddenly lost confidence in the security of their bank deposits is not clear, given that theSheyang bank is subject to formal reserve requirements, loan-to-deposit ratios and other rules to ensure they keep sufficient cash on hand to meet demand.
Bank failures in China are virtually unknown, as Chinese banks are considered to operate under an implicit guarantee from the government.
Finally, the central bank has eased up on money rates since February, and traders say liquidity in the interbank market -- where banks like Sheyang bank can tap short-term funds to meet depositor demand -- remains relatively relaxed.
"It's true that these rumors exist, but actually (the bank going bankrupt) is impossible. It's a completely different situation from the problem with the cooperatives," said Zhang Chaoyang, an official at the propaganda department of the Communist Party committee in Tinghu district, where the bank branch is located.
Zhang was referring to an incident that rattled depositors in Yancheng in January, when some local rural cooperatives -- which are not subject to the supervision of the bank regulator -- ran out of cash and locked their doors.
Local officials say several co-op bosses fled after committing fraud.
China's central bank governor said earlier this month that deposit rates are likely to liberalized in one to two years - the most explicit timeframe to date for what would be the final step in freeing up banks to set their own interest rates.
It is widely expected to introduce a deposit insurance scheme before liberalizing deposit rates to protect savers in case a freed-up market leads to major strains on smaller banks and alarms the public. Analysts also expect the controls on deposit rates to be lifted gradually. Is China's debt nightmare a province called Jiangsu?
<h3>DEFAULT FEARS</h3>
Local and global investors in China have taken note of Beijing's recent decision to allow China's first domestic bond default by Shanghai Chaori Solar Energy Science and Technology Co Ltd in March. Officials have indicated publicly that they are not worried that more defaults will damage economic stability.
In the past, domestic bond issuers were routinely bailed out by local governments and banks, and the willingness of regulators to let Chaori miss interest payments negatively impacted rates in Chinese offshore credit markets.
More recently, media also reported a heavily indebted real estate developer in Zhejiang province was at risk of defaulting on 3.5 billion yuan ($565 million) worth of loans -- a situation that has yet to be resolved.
When contacted by Reuters by phone on Tuesday, an official at the Jiangsu Sheyang Rural Commercial Bank branch hung up, saying she was busy.
An official at the administrative office at Jiangsu Sheyang Rural Commercial Bank said the bank would publish a statement shortly. On its website, the bank says it is capitalized at 525 million yuan ($85 million) and had total deposits of 12 billion yuan as of end-February,
Officials at the Jiangsu branch offices of the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) declined to comment. The Yancheng branch of CBRC and the propaganda offices in Yancheng city and Sheyang county did not answer calls seeking comment.
($1 = 6.1888 Chinese Yuan)
(Reporting by Gabriel Wildau, Xu Yong, Pete Sweeney, Samuel Shen, John Ruwitch and Shanghai newsroom; Writing by Kazunori Takada; Editing by Kim Coghill)

Collapse Rumor Causes Customer Withdrawals And Panic At Small Chinese Bank

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Carlos Barria</div></div>China has investigated <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/r-china-probes-more-than-25000-people-for-graft-in-first-half-of-year-2014-25">over 25,000 people for corruption</a> in the first six months of 2014. Probes into major cases were up 14% year-over-year.
<a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-01/14/c_133044810.htm">182,000 officials were punished</a> by discipline inspection agencies in 2013, up 13.3% year-over-year.
Remember, Chinese president Xi Jinping came to power on the back of a very ominous message from his predecessor. In late 2012, outgoing president Hu Jintao <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/hu-jintaos-speech-highlights-economy-corruption-2012-11">warned </a>that corruption could prove "fatal" to the Chinese Communist party, and even "cause the collapse of the party and the fall of the state."
Xi, who has been described as "redder than red" took that message to heart. Under his watchful eye, China's anti-graft campaign has gathered steam.
At first we saw an austerity campaign that warned against lavish gift giving and wasteful consumption. Soon that spread to the takedown of corrupt officials in the Chinese communist party, though some would argue that the seeds of this were sown in the downfall of former Chongqing leader Bo Xilai.
Now, government officials have caps on daily spending when traveling around China. The Chinese military has been banned from buying foreign-made vehicles. The State Council is widening its probe into the use of public funds for travel, gifts etc among military officials. And officials have become nervous about being caught <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-officials-afraid-to-play-golf-2014-6">playing golf</a>.
Talking about the scope of this campaign in 2013, <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/22/us-china-corruption-xi-idUSBRE90L0AA20130122">Xi said</a>,"we must uphold the fighting of tigers and flies at the same time, resolutely investigating law-breaking cases of leading officials and also earnestly resolving the unhealthy tendencies and corruption problems which happen all around people." 
<h3>The tigers and flies</h3>
Zhou Zhenhong, former member of the Standing Committee of the Guangdong Provincial Committee and former head of the United Front Work Department, was <a href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1437111/senior-guangdong-official-zhou-zhenhong-sentenced-death-graft">sentenced to death</a> with a two-year reprieve. Zhou, a "tiger" was found guilty of <a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2014-01/24/content_17254882.htm">accepting $4 million in bribes</a> and failing to account for about $6 million in assets. Zhou first came under the scanner in 2012. 
Last year, Liu Tienan, former deputy head of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) was <a href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1295287/former-senior-official-liu-tienan-be-prosecuted-graft">expelled from the Communist Party</a> after being accused of corruption. Liu was one of the first tigers to be caught in the anti-graft sweep across China, based on accusations made online. 
Liu Zhijun, former railways minister was given a suspended death sentence for corruption and abuse of power. Su Rong, former party chief for Gansu, Qinghai and Jiangxi Province before moving to the CPPCC, and a "tiger" was under suspicion for violating party rules and state law.
The latest to be ensnared in the crackdown is Rui Chenggang, a host on China Central Television (CCTV) and in the bigger scheme of things a fly. <a href="http://english.caixin.com/2014-07-14/100703599.html?utm_source=The+Sinocism+China+Newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=754b729af6-Sinocism07_15_14&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_171f237867-754b729af6-24573061&amp;mc_cid=754b729af6&amp;mc_eid=743b9e45b4">Caixin Online reported</a> that he was detained shortly before his program aired on July 11. Li Yong at CCTV2 was also detained. The probe has also extended to other television executives like Guo Zhenxi, director of CCTV2.
And now the campaign is shifting gears to focus on "naked officials," those with immediate families that live abroad. Over a thousand naked officials were found in Guangdong province in June, with 200 of those officials asking their families to return home and 866 agreeing to demotions.
Xi's Consolidation Of Power
But there are two names that truly stand out. First, is <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-28305134">Zhou Yongkang</a>, a former Politburo Standing Committee member, is said be under investigation and so are three officials linked to him, Li Dongsheng, Jiang Jiemin, and Wang Yongchun.
Of course for Xi the one happy coincidence to this corruption purge, is that it helps him knock off some of his rivals. "Power consolidation is of course very important and we should consider the ongoing investigation into Zhou Yongkang and his allies at least in part in that light," Bill Bishop author of Sinocism told Business Insider. 
"There is little doubt these people were engaged in remarkable amounts of corruption, and there are all sorts of unproven rumors about plots and deals among this group in the runup up to the 2012 18th Party Congress, but taking down this network has also allowed Xi to gain control over the security services, and much faster than most observers expected."
"The other vital source of hard power is of course the military," explained Bishop, enter: <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/01/world/asia/china-moves-against-one-of-its-top-leaders.html?_r=0">Xu Caihou</a>, who once held one of the highest positions in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and was a member of the Politburo. Xu was expelled from the Party and handed over to prosecutors for accepting bribes. This of course is a further sign of Xi consolidating power over the PLA.
Jim Chanos sees the corruption drive as a much more serious effort to "cleanse the party." Speaking on <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/jim-chanos-on-china-anti-corruption-2014-7">Bloomberg TV's Charlie Rose Show</a> he said, "If you look at the people's daily overnight announcements - I mean, there is four or five headshots put up on Twitter and on their website, of people who have been taken away every night. I mean it's almost as if you're seeing a Soviet-style 1930s purge through a social media."
Some argue that this makes Xi more <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/xi-jinping-reminiscent-of-deng-not-mao-2013-11">a Maoist, than a Dengist</a>, with reference to Deng Xiaoping, China's paramount leader from 1978 until his death in 1997. But some argue he's neither.
"I see Xi Jinping more as a Machiavellian than a Maoist," Arthur Dong, professor of strategy and economics at Georgetown University told Business Insider. "The ends that Xi Jinping and his reform minded coalition wish to pursue relate to the long-term viability of the Communist Party."
"Institutional weakness as a result of endemic corruption on the part of government administrators has been a recurring feature of China's past and one of the driving forces that led to the end of the dynastic cycle. President Xi knows that for the Party to survive it must maintain its legitimacy," he explained. "Invariably, some of the accused represent views that come to differ with Xi's. Their removal also presents the opportunity to remove a political rival. It is a messy game that Xi has so far been very adept at playing."
"It is a mistake however, to conclude that it is just about reshuffling officials so Xi can put his people in place," Bill Bishop author of Sinocism told Business Insider in an email interview. 
"I believe that Xi is serious about improving governance and cleaning up at least the more egregious corruption in both the Party-state and the military," Bishop said. "I think the anti-corruption efforts are also clearly about reining in and in some cases removing special interests that are resisting the very ambitious reform plans passed at the Third Plenum of the 18th Party Congress in November 2013."
<h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right click-to-enlarge"><div class="image"><a title_source="Bank of America" title_caption="" class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/53adf6026bb3f7222c83b203-960/screen shot 2014-06-27 at 6.52.19 pm.png"></a>Bank of America</div></div>The Economic Impact</h3>
There is however a snag to the anti-graft campaign. Unlike other countries, in the short-run, cracking down on corruption actually hurts growth in China, according to Alastair Chan at Moody's. 
The austerity campaign that we saw in real force in 2013, deterred conspicuous consumption and lavish gift giving. At the time, it hurt sales of luxury goods, catering at high-end restaurants, and wasteful construction of government buildings. Top-end restaurant sales were down 35% YoY in 2013.
Now Bank of America's Ting Lu believes that corruption is going to start impacting fixed asset investment (FAI). "Even for the honest officials, the escalated anti-graft campaign is making them think twice before making investment decisions," wrote Ting. 
"The officials are increasingly cautious as they don't want to be the next target of the campaign for the actions they have taken. Many feel the safest way during the heightened crackdown is to do nothing. This is part of the reason that Premier Li has repeatedly called for more action at local levels since May."
Ting points to "the abnormally high growth in bank deposits of governments and quasi-government agencies (up 28.3% and 23.6% yoy in February 2014 respectively)," the slowdown in retail sales and FAI growth as factors weighing on the Chinese economy.
Of course, Xi is aware that he can't terminate the campaign at this point. In fact economists expect it to continue for another two or three years. Moving forward Beijing is left with a tough choice between the social benefits of lower corruption or economic growth.

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