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<ul class="summary-list"><li>China's largest coastguard ship dropped anchor in Manila's exclusive economic zone earlier this week.</li><li>The vessel anchored there as "an intimidation," the Philippine Coast Guard said.</li></ul>The world's largest coastguard ship dropped anchor in Manila's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the South China Sea earlier this week, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/philippines-soldiers-bare-hands-fight-armed-china-coast-guard-swords-2024-6">Philippine Coast Guard</a> (PCG) said.Jay Tarriela, a spokesperson for the PCG, wrote on X that the authority had successfully tracked the movements of the China Coast Guard's (CCG) "165-meter monster ship" by "using Canada's Dark Vessel Detection technology.""On July 1st, the ship departed from Hainan and entered the Philippines' Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) on the following day," he wrote.The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rfa.org/english/news/southchinasea/china-coast-guard-monster-02222024033811.html">12,000-ton CCG 5901</a> was later "radio challenged" by the PCG, which asked it to confirm its intentions and to remind it that it was operating within the EEZ, he added.An <a target="_blank" href="https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/useez.html">exclusive economic zone</a> is an area of the ocean "beyond a nation's territorial sea, within which a coastal nation has jurisdiction over both living and nonliving resources."Tarriela wrote on Friday that the Chinese ship had been anchored at Escoda Shoal "for over two consecutive days" while "maintaining a close proximity" to a PCG vessel. He added that the distance between the ships was "less than 800 yards."Tarriela later told a news forum that the Chinese vessel's moves were "an intimidation on the part of the China Coast Guard.""We're not going to pull out and we're not going to be intimidated," he added.<h2 id="296fe3c4-2ce0-4879-8541-70a156ad5201">Maritime run-ins between China and the Philippines are on the rise</h2><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/eyeing-china-the-philippines-wants-to-buy-first-attack-submarine-2024-7">China and the Philippines</a> have had frequent confrontations around the Second Thomas Shoal, an atoll located within the exclusive economic zone.China claims sovereignty over the reef and most of the South China Sea, but an international tribunal ruled in 2016 that China's claims to waters within its "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/no-nine-dash-line-in-the-south-china-sea-2016-7">nine-dash line" had no legal basis</a>.The Philippines grounded a ship, the BRP Sierra Madre, on the reef in 1999 to state its own claims over the area.But the Shoal remains what the Brussels-based think tank the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-east-asia/philippines-south-china-sea/philippines-calming-tensions-south-china-sea">International Crisis Group</a> (ICG) has called a "dangerous flashpoint," as Chinese boats continually try to prevent efforts to resupply the grounded ship.Earlier this month, the China Coast Guard blocked a resupply mission using "dangerous and deliberate use of water cannons, ramming, and blocking maneuvers," according to a statement provided to <a target="_blank" href="https://news.usni.org/2024/06/17/philippine-sailor-severely-injured-vessels-damaged-as-chinese-block-south-china-sea-mission">US Naval Institute News</a> by a spokesperson for the Office of the Secretary of Defense.Officials from China and the Philippines <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippine-says-be-relentless-protecting-interests-south-china-sea-2024-07-02/">met on Tuesday</a> and said they aimed to "rebuild confidence" to help manage maritime disputes.But the Philippines' Department of Foreign Affairs stressed that it would be "relentless in protecting its interests and upholding its sovereignty, sovereign rights, and jurisdiction" in the South China Sea.The ICG noted in May that "relations between the two countries in the maritime domain have never been as volatile as during the last seven months."

Beijing's 'monster ship,' the world's largest coastguard vessel, dropped anchor in the South China Sea

<ul><li><keyword id="19896911" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Reliance-Jio" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Reliance Jio" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Reliance Jio">Reliance Jio</keyword> has become the world's largest mobile operator in terms of data traffic.</li><li>The total traffic on the <keyword id="2003276" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="jio" source="Orion">Jio</keyword> network has reached 40.9 Exabytes, marking a 35.2 per cent year-on-year increase.</li><li>This surge is attributed to the growing adoption of <keyword id="19916120" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="5G" source="keywords">5G</keyword> and Home services.</li></ul>Reliance Jio, the telecom giant of India, has become the world's largest mobile operator in terms of data traffic, surpassing <keyword id="20669190" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="China-Mobile" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="China Mobile" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="China Mobile">China Mobile</keyword>. The announcement came on Monday as Jio revealed its quarterly results, showcasing staggering numbers and milestones achieved in various segments. As of March 2024, Jio boasts a subscriber base of 481.8 million, out of which 108 million subscribers are on Jio's True5G Standalone network. The number reflects Jio's stronghold in the Indian telecom market. According to a press release, the total traffic on the Jio network has reached 40.9 Exabytes, marking a 35.2 per cent year-on-year increase. This surge is attributed to the growing adoption of 5G and Home services. Notably, 28 per cent of the traffic comes from 5G subscribers, indicating a swift transition towards next-generation connectivity. Additionally, Jio's Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) services have contributed significantly to the data traffic. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a dramatic 2.4x increase in annual data traffic, with per capita monthly data usage skyrocketing to 28.7 GB from just 13.3 GB three years ago. This surge underscores the growing reliance on digital connectivity in India. Commenting on the results, <keyword id="3820" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mukesh-Ambani" source="Orion">Mukesh Ambani</keyword>, Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries Limited, expressed his satisfaction with the company's performance and its contribution to the Indian economy. He highlighted the significant achievements, including becoming the first Indian company to cross the Rs 100,000-crore threshold in pre-tax profits. Ambani said, "Initiatives across RIL's businesses have made a remarkable contribution towards fostering growth of various sectors of the Indian economy. It is heartening to note that alongside strengthening the national economy, all segments have posted a robust financial and operating performance. This has helped the Company achieve multiple milestones. I am happy to share that this year, Reliance became the first Indian company to cross the Rs 100,000-crore threshold in pre-tax profits." Ambani also emphasized Jio's role in driving the digital transformation in India, from upgrading 2G users to smartphones to leading the effort in producing AI-driven solutions. He noted, "With over 108 million True 5G customers, Jio truly leads the 5G transformation in India. From upgrading the hitherto 2G users to smartphones, to leading the effort of producing AI-driven solutions, Jio has proved its capability in strengthening the nation's digital infrastructure." He reiterated Jio's commitment to strengthening the nation's digital infrastructure and its continued efforts to provide innovative solutions to consumers. The company's retail arm, Reliance Retail, also showed robust growth, with a 36 per cent increase in footfalls and strong digital commerce platforms offering a broad brand catalogue. "Reliance Retail continued to provide customers endless choices through its robust omni-channel presence. We continue to offer product differentiation and superior offline experience through stores remodelling and revamping of layouts. Our digital commerce platforms also provide newer solutions to users with a broad brand catalogue. Reliance Retail also works towards strengthening millions of merchants through its unique initiatives in new commerce space", said Ambani. In addition to its telecom and retail segments, Reliance Industries Limited has shown resilience in its Oil to Chemicals (O2C) segment, despite challenging market conditions. The KG-D6 block has achieved significant production milestones, accounting for 30 per cent of India's domestic gas production. Ambani emphasised, "Strong demand for fuels globally, and limited flexibility in refining system worldwide, supported margins and profitability of the O2C segment. Downstream chemical industry experienced increasingly challenging market conditions through the year." He added, "Despite headwinds, maintaining leading product positions and feedstock flexibility through our operating model that prioritises cost management, we delivered a resilient performance. The KG-D6 block has achieved 30 MMSCMD of production and now accounts for 30 per cent of India's domestic gas production." In terms of financial performance, Reliance Jio has achieved several remarkable milestones. The consolidated EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) at Rs 178,677 crore, while the consolidated Profit Before Tax (PBT) has surpassed Rs 100,000 crore. The company's market capitalization has crossed Rs 20,00,000 crore, further solidifying its position as one of India's most valuable companies. SEE ALSO:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/google-pixel-8a-may-be-more-expensive-than-its-predecessor-as-per-a-new-leak/articleshow/109499394.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/google-pixel-8a-may-be-more-expensive-than-its-predecessor-as-per-a-new-leak/articleshow/109499394.cms" target="_blank">Google Pixel 8a may be more expensive than its predecessor, as per a new leak</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/vodafone-idea-fpo-allotment-how-to-check-allotment-gmp-and-more/articleshow/109504341.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/vodafone-idea-fpo-allotment-how-to-check-allotment-gmp-and-more/articleshow/109504341.cms" target="_blank">Vodafone Idea FPO allotment – How to check allotment, GMP and more</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/telecom-companies-may-hike-tariffs-by-up-to-17-after-the-general-elections-as-per-analysts/articleshow/109240274.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/telecom-companies-may-hike-tariffs-by-up-to-17-after-the-general-elections-as-per-analysts/articleshow/109240274.cms" target="_blank">Telecom companies may hike tariffs by up to 17% after the general elections, predict analysts</a>

Reliance Jio emerges as World's largest mobile operator in data traffic, surpassing China mobile

India remains highly dependent on imports for minerals critical to accelerating its <keyword id="19951336" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="energy-transition" source="keywords">energy transition</keyword>, with a full reliance on shipping in lithium, cobalt and nickel, according to a report released Monday. The report, published by the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA), said that India's demand for <keyword id="19978839" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="critical-minerals" source="keywords">critical minerals</keyword> is expected to more than double by 2030, while domestic mining operations may take over a decade to start producing. It stresses that India needs a carefully crafted import strategy to mitigate potential trade risks while balancing international relationships to secure these essential minerals. IEEFA's report examines five critical minerals (and their compounds) - cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium and nickel - from the perspectives of import dependency, trade dynamics, domestic availability, and global price fluctuations. The findings show that India remains largely import-dependent for these minerals and their compounds, with 100 per cent import reliance for minerals like lithium, cobalt, and nickel. "India should strive to de-risk its critical minerals sourcing by identifying new international resources and expediting <keyword id="20681115" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="domestic-production" source="keywords">domestic production</keyword>. A concerted effort to partner with and foster bilateral relations with <keyword id="23713985" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mineral-rich-nations" source="keywords">mineral-rich nations</keyword> should be a priority for India," said the report's co-author Charith Konda, Energy Specialist, IEEFA. "The country can also explore investment opportunities in resource-rich, friendly nations, such as Australia and Chile, as well as African countries like Ghana and South Africa," he added. The report said India depends heavily on China for synthetic graphite and natural graphite and it should explore cooperation initiatives with countries like Mozambique, Madagascar, Brazil and Tanzania which are some of the highest graphite producing countries. "As part of the Global South cooperation initiatives, these countries could be favourable partners for India for <keyword id="23713984" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="graphite-trading" source="keywords">graphite trading</keyword>," said the report's co-author Kaira Rakheja, Energy Analyst, IEEFA. India is also highly import-dependent for copper cathodes and nickel sulphates from just two countries - Japan and Belgium. The report suggests India could look at the US, the fifth largest producer of copper in the world, to diversify its suppliers and enhance <keyword id="23714709" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="supply-security" source="keywords">supply security</keyword>. For minerals like lithium oxide and nickel oxide, the dependency is low on one country, but overall imports largely come from Russia and China, both countries with potential trade risks. "Developing domestic lithium refining capacity will help India integrate with the global lithium supply chain," said Rakheja. The report also notes the significant efforts that the Indian government is making to improve domestic production of critical minerals with the auctions by the Ministry of Mines and the planned Critical Minerals Mission. "The critical minerals mining block auctions can serve as an opportunity for India to focus on building refining and processing capabilities to emerge as a global value-adding hub," said Rakheja. "Government support in the form of viability gap funding and technology development will help promote such auctions and ultimately the domestic production of critical minerals. "A stable supply of critical minerals is imperative for India to achieve its <keyword id="19895602" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="renewable-energy" source="keywords">renewable energy</keyword> goals," Konda said. India has committed to achieving 500 gigawatts (GW) of non-fossil fuel-based electricity installed capacity by 2030. Currently, the country's renewable energy installed capacity stands at 201 GW, with solar energy accounting for 91 GW. According to another study, the fast-developing South Asian nation needs to install around 7,000 GW of renewable energy capacity to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.

Energy transition: India remains highly dependent on imports of critical minerals, says report

Gandhinagar, <keyword id="7706673" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="finance-minister-nirmala-sitharaman" source="Orion">Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword> said on Wednesday exuded confidence that India will become the world's third largest economy worth over USD 5 trillion by 2027-28 and a developed nation by 2047, with GDP touching USD 30 trillion. India, with a GDP of roughly USD 3.4 trillion, is currently the fifth largest economy in the world, after the US, China, Japan and Germany. Sitharaman said during the Amritkal, which will mark 100 years of India's Independence in 2047, emphasis is being given to sunrise industries. Also, the FDI policy of the Narendra Modi Government has helped attract foreign investment, with USD 595 billion coming in the last 9 years. "It is possible that we will be the third largest economy by 2027-28, and our GDP will cross USD 5 trillion by that time. By 2047, it is a conservative estimate that we will reach at least USD 30 trillion in terms of economy," Sitharaman said while addressing a seminar of Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit 2024. Stressing that the people of India have met with the challenges post-COVID and recovery is on a strong footing, she said Gujarat will be the engine of growth in India's march to become a developed economy by 2047. The state has 5 per cent of India's population but contributes 8.5 per cent to the country's GDP. It is rapidly moving forward at 12 per cent CAGR (annual growth) between 2011 and 2021 against a national average of 10.4 per cent, the Union <keyword id="6355261" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="finance-minister" source="Orion">Finance Minister</keyword> said. Sitharaman said India is on track to become an in-house producer of semiconductors, and EV adoption is happening in a big way. All of these are the result of the FDI policy being pursued by the government. Between April 2000 and March 2023, in 23 years, India has attracted USD 919 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI). 65 per cent of this, or USD 595 billion, has come in the last 8-9 years, Sitharaman said. "FDI is coming in... where policies bring in greater certainty, convenience, ease of doing business, FDI flows in. Of course, disruptions of higher US Fed rate and other things can divert it elsewhere. But despite that, we have been receiving that kind of flow of the FDI. It is not as if it's coming only for manufacturing, it is coming in the service sector (as well)," she said. Speaking about financial inclusion, Sitharaman said 80 per cent of people have bank accounts. The number of bank account holders increased to 50 crore from 15 crore in 2014.

India to be third largest economy by FY28, a developed nation by 2047: FM

<ul class="summary-list"><li>More executives are seeking protection, a private security firm chief told The Financial Times.</li><li>It comes as companies and CEOs are targeted by political activists.</li></ul>An increasing number of companies appear to be spending big money on trying to keep their executives safe by hiring bodyguards.Steve Jones, the chief executive of security company Allied Universal, told <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.ft.com/content/a65d8aa1-673e-4620-920c-ec6ac79a303a?accessToken=zwAGJie6Mt7gkdOmXYqhZz5GINOSDOxqx5owOg.MEQCIFxG6p3_3JZEkIK5308UilsiYLPn5KB6jHRgvCT46TWdAiBsUI83XeA3QZKWt8vwHDTuuncjhZPUUiMp568P7c_W8g&amp;sharetype=gift&amp;token=5d647de2-ea1b-4ae3-8d8e-50e552279923">The Financial Times </a>that global political instability had created increased demand for security services.His assessment seems in line with market trends. According to an October report by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/private-security-market-108283">Fortune Business Insights</a>, the global private security market is expected to grow from $247.75 billion in 2024 to $385.32 billion by 2032.Its largest and fastest-growing segment is "manned security," the broad category that includes executive protection.Jones told the FT that businesses linked to Israel and the defense and energy industries were most likely to hire extra security for their staff."We've got wars going on in certain parts of the world, we have elections, we have protests, we have social challenges, we have immigration challenges that face different countries around the world. It all creates a need for additional security," he said.In recent months, activists have targeted a number of high-profile companies and corporate events.In October, several Allianz Insurance buildings in the UK were <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c74871k7k73o">sprayed with red paint as part of a national protest by pro-Palestine activists. </a>The Palestine Action Group said it carried out the attacks to protest against Allianz's alleged links to an Israeli defense firm.In June, activists disrupted the Amazon Web Services Summit in Washington, DC, to protest about a cloud services deal between Israel's government, Google, Project Nimbus, and Amazon.Meanwhile, climate protesters in Germany in August disrupted European flights after accessing air traffic control centers.Jones told the FT his company employs around 17,000 people, including former police and military personnel, to protect executives and their families. Allied Universal did not immediately respond to a request for comment by Business Insider.Companies can spend millions to protect their CEOs. Meta, for instance, spent $23.4 million on Mark Zuckerberg's personal security in 2023, according to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://archive.is/Y3kdg#selection-1001.136-1001.422">Fortune.</a> Last year, Alphabet paid $6.8 million for Sundar Pichai's personal security.Last year, Alex Bomberg, chief executive of Intelligent Protection International, told <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/climate-activism-in-the-city-prompts-rise-in-bodyguard-demand-20230619">Financial News </a>that demand for executive security had doubled in 12 months."The role of a bodyguard is not just for security," he said. "You have someone who is highly trained in first aid, experienced in making dynamic risk decisions. It's not just some bloke in a suit."People don't realize how things can play out in the street," he added. "A CEO might go for an interview, and when they arrive, they get something thrown over them. It's not so much about them being robbed, although that's always a concern, but being doorstepped at home by protesters."According to Allied's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.worldsecurityreport.com/">World Security Report, </a>in 2022, companies lost more than $1 trillion in revenue due to physical security incidents.One in four publicly listed companies reported a drop in their value after a physical security incident over the last year, the report said.

CEOs are clamoring for bodyguards as the world feels more dangerous, a top security boss says

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Microsoft plans to invest $1.7 billion in cloud and AI infrastructure in Indonesia.</li><li>CEO Satya Nadella visited Indonesia this week The investment is the largest in Microsoft's 29-year history in the country.</li></ul><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/satya-nadella-bill-gates-microsoft-concern-google-rivals-ai-emails-2024-5?mrfhud=true">Microsoft</a> is the latest tech giant to eye up Indonesia as a new business hub.This week the company said it would <a target="_blank" href="https://news.microsoft.com/apac/2024/04/30/microsoft-announces-us1-7-billion-investment-to-advance-indonesias-cloud-and-ai-ambitions/">invest $1.7 billion</a> over the next four years in cloud and AI infrastructure in Indonesia. "This new generation of AI is reshaping how people live and work everywhere, including in Indonesia," Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella said on Tuesday. "The investments we are announcing today — spanning digital infrastructure, skilling, and support for developers — will help Indonesia thrive in this new era." According to a blog post from Microsoft, the investment will help the government achieve its Golden Indonesia 2045 Vision, which focuses on various aspects of development, including economic, cultural, and political.Microsoft cited a growing demand for cloud computing services in Indonesia as part of the reason for its investment.According to research from consulting company <a target="_blank" href="https://www.kearney.com/service/digital-analytics/digital/article/-/insights/racing-toward-the-future-artificial-intelligence-in-southeast-asia">Kearney</a>, AI could add up to $366 billion to Indonesia's GDP and nearly $1 trillion to Southeast Asia's GDP by 2030.Apple CEO <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tim-cook">Tim Cook</a> also appears to be eyeing Indonesia — the world's fourth most populous nation with about 280 million people.Last month, he met with Indonesian President Joko Widodo in Jakarta. Later, Cook said Apple would<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-tim-cook-indonesia-production-india-china-iphone-2024-4"> "look at" manufacturing in the country</a> as it looks to reduce its reliance on China.Apple did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider, made outside normal working hours.The Indonesian president suggested that Microsoft base its new data centers on Bali or the country's new capital city, <a target="_blank" class="editor-rtfLink" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jakarta-sinking-indonesia-new-capital-city-nusantara-photos-climate-crisis-2024-4#its-not-clear-where-the-money-is-going-to-come-from-though-11">Nusantara</a>, Reuters reported.Indonesia is building the capital at a cost of some $35 billion because Jakarta is partially sinking due to overextraction of groundwater and rising sea levels.<div type="image" title="Satya Nadella and Srettha Thavisin" height="1317" width="1976" msid="109789114" hostid="261" sizebytes="99508"></div>Nadella also made stops in Malaysia and Thailand on a tour of Southeast Asia this week. Microsoft will <a target="_blank" href="https://news.microsoft.com/apac/2024/05/01/microsoft-announces-significant-commitments-to-enable-a-cloud-and-ai-powered-future-for-thailand/">invest in AI infrastructure</a> in Thailand and build an Azure data center there.

First Tim Cook, now Satya Nadella is also wooing Indonesia — the world's 4th most populous nation

A sixth-grade social science textbook that I read described India as a piece of fabric, with countless threads coloured in a myriad of majestic shades, woven together. This metaphor holds exceptionally well when put into the context of our <keyword id="22706215" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="handloom-industry" source="keywords">handloom industry</keyword>. India has a rich history of handlooms and weaving cultures. The culture of handlooms is so intricately woven into Indian culture, that there are whole towns dedicated to the same: <keyword id="248532" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chanderi" source="Orion">Chanderi</keyword> in Madhya Pradesh to Pochampally in Telangana and a dozen more! Unfortunately, the handloom industry in India is dying. The struggle is multi-faceted, ranging from a declining workforce to fierce competition from <keyword id="20496028" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="power-looms" source="keywords">power looms</keyword>. Hence, five years ago, August 7 was proclaimed <keyword id="22677698" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Handloom-Day" source="keywords">National Handloom Day</keyword> in response to this crisis and to heighten public awareness. This date holds special historical significance, commemorating the initiation of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905—a pivotal act of defiance against British colonial rule. <h2>When did this industry come into existence?</h2>According to archaeological findings, the origins of handloom in the Indian subcontinent may be traced back to the Indus Valley Civilization. The Mughal Empire was known to support and patronise <keyword id="20258864" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="weavers" source="keywords">weavers</keyword>. The support from the royal patrons resulted in the invention of new textiles such as ‘Mulmul’ and ‘Banarasi Brocade’ among others. This era witnessed a heightened worldwide demand for Indian textiles. In the 17th century, India produced 25% of the world’s textiles, with Bengal accounting for more than 50% of textiles and 80% of silks imported by the Dutch from Asia. <h2>What led to the decline of the <keyword id="19934660" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Indian-handloom" source="keywords">Indian handloom</keyword>?</h2>The East India Company's entry fuelled the industry's initial decline, which started in the 1830s. The weavers were obliged to sell only to the British, and that too at exceedingly cheap prices, virtually putting them out of business. On the other hand, Indian cloth was taxed excessively to promote machine-made British clothing. The Industrial Revolution in Britain strengthened their indigenous textile industry, giving rise to new markets for cheaper textiles. In India, the collapse of the Mughal aristocracies meant no access to royal patronage. As a result, textiles like Khadi and muslin had little demand in the market. Circling back to the present, the industry is facing both similar and new challenges. Fabrics made on power looms are cheaper and faster to produce, in comparison to handloom fabrics. The industry is largely unorganised, and the wages are shockingly low. 67% of <keyword id="22706216" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="handloom-workers" source="keywords">handloom workers</keyword> are earning less than the minimum wage every month. Faced with economic challenges, the older artisans are thus forced to encourage the newer generation to choose an alternative career path. This migration of the workforce from a traditional sector is evident from the fall in the number of weavers less than 35 years of age- from 26.13 lakh in 2009-10 to 16.07 lakh in 2019-20. The majority of weavers do not have access to banking facilities, let alone institutional credit. Furthermore, if one manages to accumulate credit, there is a mismatch between the supply and demand forces due to the lack of awareness about handwoven textiles in the current generation. <h2>Initiatives for revival</h2>The cultural significance of the Indian handloom isn’t just limited to its beauty and extravagance, but it extends to our independence struggle as well. The Swadeshi movement immortalised the charkha and advocated for the use of indigenous goods. Following independence, the Indian government took many measures to revive the handloom industry. In 1953, India’s Parliament approved the Khadi and Other Handloom Industries Development Act. In 1955, the All India Handloom Fabrics Marketing Cooperative Society was formed to promote the sale of fabrics produced by handloom cooperatives across India. The National Handloom Development Programme (NHDP) aimed to provide financial assistance for marketing and production. The Handloom Weavers’ Comprehensive Welfare Scheme offers health and life insurance to weavers, to ensure social security. The organisation commenced a fortnight-long exhibition, “VIRAASAT” dedicated to celebrating the 10th National Handloom Day began at Handloom Haat in Janpath, New Delhi on Saturday, 3rd August 2024, and will conclude on 16th August 2024. The Handloom Mark scheme was introduced to authenticate handloom products, thus enabling weavers to gain better market access and ensuring that consumers get genuine products. Moreover, the India Trade Portal also mentions that the GOI plans to provide financial assistance of Rs. 30 crore to at least 10,000 handlooms. Various state governments also regularly conduct handloom expos and fairs, providing platforms for weavers to showcase and sell their products directly to consumers. <h2>Contemporary Brands and their love for Indian handloom</h2>Modern, popular designers such as <keyword id="8264" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sabyasachi" source="Orion">Sabyasachi</keyword> and <keyword id="21493890" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ritu-kumar" source="keywords">Ritu Kumar</keyword> are known to work closely with weavers and have been doing their part by bringing worldwide attention to the handloom industries. Recently, <keyword id="1472101" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ajrakh" source="Orion">Ajrakh</keyword> was brought into the limelight when Alia Bhatt wore a custom Abu Jani Sandeep Khosla Ajrakh saree to Joy Awards in Riyadh. However, it’s not just the fashion moguls who are working towards the revival of this industry. Contemporary indie brands are partnering with local weavers, and creating awareness about their work. The emergence of such indie brands and their association with local artisans is beneficial for both entities. For instance, Joskai Studio derives its name from ‘Joskai’, a woven piece of cloth worn as a part of the traditional costume of the Tiwa community of Assam. They work with artisans in northeast India, specifically from the weaving village of Saualkuchi in Assam. Rouka by Sreejith Jeevan is a Kerala-based brand that works strictly with weavers from Kerala, specifically Chendamangalam and Kuthampally. <h2>Employment and Exports</h2>According to the Indian Trade Portal, the Indian handloom sector is the country’s second-largest employer after agriculture in rural areas. The Handloom Census 2019-20 mentions that the industry employs about 35,22,512 workers across the country, with women forming 77.29% of the workforce. India is the second largest exporter of handloom products in the world, with exports valued at $ 353.9 million in 2017- 18, as per EXIM bank's working papers. The major handloom export centres are Karur, Panipat, Varanasi and Kannur where handloom products like bed linen, table linen, toilet linen, floor coverings, and embroidered textile materials and curtains etc. are produced for export markets. During April 2021-February 2022, India exported handloom products worth 1693 crore, as per Indian Trade Portal. Indian silk scarves also form a sizable chunk of total handloom exports, in addition to home textiles like carpets, rugs and mats, which constitute over 13.6% of India’s total handloom exports. <h2>The Path Forward</h2>The mere existence of organisations and allocation of funds isn’t enough to sustain the legacy of India’s rich handloom industry. Big corporations working with local weavers ensure employment but don't protect them from exploitation and meagre wages, leaving them vulnerable. The people in power ought to come up with strategies that ensure the trickle-down effect of the schemes and funds. The new generation of buyers has a greater purchasing power than the one before them. Marketing focused on bringing Indian handloom practices into the limelight can do wonders in this case.

Fabric of a nation: Sustaining India's handloom legacy in modern times

<ul class="summary-list"><li>China's population fell for a second consecutive year in 2023, data published Wednesday showed.</li><li>That's bad news for the world's second-largest economy.</li></ul>China's population fell again last year – and that's a worrying sign for Beijing policymakers already grappling with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-deflation-prices-falling-us-inflation-global-economic-crash-recession-2023-7">deflation</a>, a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/country-garden-china-real-estate-problems-explainer-evergrande-2023-8">property crisis</a>, and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-growth-gdp-property-real-estate-market-crash-beige-book-2023-12">anemic economic growth</a>.The number of people in China declined by two million last year, according to <a href="https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202401/t20240117_1946605.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Bureau of Statistics</a> data published Wednesday, with lower birth rates driving the fall. It's the second consecutive year that China's population has shrunk after six decades of rapid growth.Here's why dropping population numbers pose a threat to the world's second-largest economy.<h2>Worrying data</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-population-shrinking-first-time-60-years-2023-1">China's population fell</a> in 2022 for the first time since the 1960s – and Wednesday's statistics showed that the same thing happened again last year.The number of babies born last year fell by 540,000 compared with 2022 to just over 9 million — the seventh consecutive annual fall.Meanwhile, 11.1 million people died — almost 700,000 more than in 2022. The spike was likely driven by a surge in coronavirus infections after policymakers ended nearly three years of harsh zero-COVID lockdowns in December 2022.China also has more old people than any other country – with over-60s expected to make up 28% of the population by 2040, according to the <a href="https://www.who.int/china/health-topics/ageing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">World Health Organization</a>.In the long term, an ageing and declining population is likely to reduce the size of China's massive workforce, which drives its global manufacturing dominance. There are already signs that the economic engine's influence is starting to wane, with <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-31/china-factory-activity-contracts-more-than-expected-in-december" target="_blank" rel="noopener">factory activity</a> shrinking to its lowest level in six months in December.Lower birth rates could also hit consumer spending over time – and that's bad news for American companies, as well as those in China.Since October, <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/aapl-stock">Apple</a> has been posting <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-15-sales-disappointing-china-apple-risks-losing-to-huawei-2023-10">worrying figures about sales of the latest iPhone 15</a>, with more Chinese consumers opting for cheaper alternatives such as <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-15-sales-disappointing-china-apple-risks-losing-to-huawei-2023-10">Huawei's rival Mate 60.</a> They've also been reducing their spending on big-ticket items.A declining population is also bad news for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/housing-market-house-prices-real-estate-china-economy-world-recession-2023-11">real estate</a>, which accounts for a quarter of China's economy and 70% of household wealth. To put it simply, when there are fewer people in a country, demand for property is likely to fall.There could be enough <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-vacant-homes-3-billion-people-housing-crisis-ex-official-2023-9">vacant properties in China</a> to house up to 3 billion people, a former deputy head of the statistics bureau said last year.<h2>Economic headaches</h2>The population numbers come as Beijing struggles with a number of other economic issues.While figures published Wednesday showed the economy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-q4-gdp-grows-52-yy-below-market-forecast-2024-01-17/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">expanded by 5.2%</a> last year, slightly above the official target, China is also battling <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-economy-deflation-us-inflation-cpi-fed-rate-cuts-yuan-2023-12">deflation</a> – meaning prices are falling, rather than rising.Deflation poses a threat to the whole economy, because some people will delay purchases thinking they'll soon get cheaper. That's the same problem <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/europe-facing-a-worse-situation-than-japans-lost-decade-2014-10">Japan</a> suffered in the 1990s and 2000s.China's property market has also lurched from crisis to crisis in recent years, with major developers Evergrande and Country Garden collapsing after piling up huge debt, creating a mess that economists have warned could take more than a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-economy-property-crisis-decade-fix-censored-economist-hao-hong-2023-9">decade to fix</a>.All that adds up to a myriad of headaches for China's leaders.

China's population keeps falling — and that's more bad news for the world's 2nd-largest economy

<ul class="summary-list"><li>D-Day on June 6, 1944 was a gargantuan feat. Is it the last invasion of its kind?</li><li>In World War II, the best way to stop an amphibious invasion was before troops reached the beach.</li></ul>D-Day is more than the largest amphibious invasion in history. Even 80 years after the battle, it still resonates as an epic of courage, endurance, and prodigious effort.But was <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/d-day-allies-invade-europe">D-Day</a> the last invasion of its kind? Could such immense resources be mustered again in a modern-day version of "Saving Private Ryan"-style landings?World War II marked the zenith of wars waged between mass armies, an era that began in 1792, and modern weaponry, from guided missiles and spy satellites to nuclear bombs, has obviated large-scale amphibious invasions.Even by the standards of WWII, the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, was gargantuan. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/d-day/figures">Operation Overlord</a> embraced more than 2 million personnel, 13,000 aircraft and 7,000 vessels from a dozen nations. Six infantry divisions — three American, two British and one Canadian — would hit the beach simultaneously, while three airborne divisions — two American and one British — landed in the German rear.Some 160,000 troops splashed ashore that Tuesday morning, including around 75,000 American and 61,000 British soldiers, plus 13,000 Allied paratroopers descending from the skies. And these were only the tip of a spear across Europe and the Pacific: the US Army expanded to 11 million personnel during the war — including 2 million in the European theater alone — while the British Army grew to 3 million strong.These forces today are only a fraction of what they were then. The entire US Army only numbers around 450,000 active-duty soldiers; for Britain, it's 76,000 and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/british-army-armed-forces-ukraine-b2482059.html">shrinking</a>. There were 1,200 warships escorting the D-Day convoys of soldiers and equipment: today's US Navy has just 290 major warships and amphibious vessels spread around the globe, while the Royal Navy is down to 66 commissioned vessels. The Royal Canadian Air Force's 86 squadrons made it the world's fourth-largest air force in 1945, including nearly 40 squadrons that fought at Normandy: today it has just four fighter squadrons with 77 aging F/A-18 Hornet fighters.<div type="image" title="The Allies came ashore in five landing areas. American troops suffered heavy casualties on Omaha Beach, but by nightfall the first day 34,000 troops had come ashore at that beach alone." height="1576" width="2000" msid="110765551" hostid="261" sizebytes="299886"></div>D-Day's Allied planners were haunted by two fears: getting ashore despite German coastal defenses – and then surviving the inevitable German armored counterattack from Panzer divisions waiting behind the beaches. This meant there had to be enough transport capacity to land a large assault force and then quickly reinforce it with troops, supplies, and especially the tanks and artillery needed to even the odds in an armored fight.More than 3,000 landing and transport vessels were tasked with this mission. The US Navy now aims for enough amphibious capacity to land just <a target="_blank" href="https://www.defensenews.com/naval/2023/05/02/marines-want-31-amphibious-ships-the-pentagon-disagrees-now-what/">two Marine brigades</a> on a hostile shore. More than 1,000 American C-47s transport planes dropped three airborne divisions on D-Day. With just over 200 C-17 cargo planes to meet worldwide airlift requirements, the current US Air Force would struggle to airdrop the entire 82nd Airborne Division.All of which points to a fundamental difference between 1944 and 2024. The major combatants 80 years ago were committed to total war, in which they mobilized their human and industrial resources to the utmost. Today's Western militaries are much smaller volunteer forces, sustained by a defense-industrial base with only a fraction of its 1940s capacity. As shown by persistent shortages of weapons and ammunition in the Russo-Ukraine War, even if enough soldiers could be drafted to mount a Normandy-sized invasion, there wouldn't be enough equipment for them.<div type="image" title="US Troops wading through water after reaching Normandy and landing Omaha beach on D Day, 1944." height="4104" width="5100" msid="110765554" hostid="261" sizebytes="941884"></div>In World War II, the best way to stop an amphibious invasion was before the first troops stepped onto the beach. If the defender's navy and air force could destroy or turn back an invasion fleet, the landing would never take place. D-Day could only happen because, after a long and bloody struggle, the German surface fleet had been decimated, the U-boats suppressed, and the Luftwaffe mauled. Its forces defending French coasts were also spread thin because of the necessity of countering an advancing Soviet force of 140 divisions on the Eastern Front.Though it must have seemed otherwise to troops splashing ashore under heavy fire, the very fact that the invasion was happening meant the battle for the beach already tipped in favor of the Allies. They could count on the naval bombardment and bombing runs to target German strongpoints and hammer its forces massing for a counterattack.Isolated from reinforcement and resupply by US ships and aircraft, Japanese troops on Pacific islands, by contrast, could fight to the last man and inflict heavy casualties, but their destruction or isolation was only a matter of time. German counterattacks almost drove Allied landings at Sicily, Salerno and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/last-ride-anzio-german-counterattacks-february-1944">Anzio</a> into the sea, but aided by devastating naval gunfire, the bridgeheads held on.Hitler placed great hopes in the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/03/the-nazis-atlantic-wall-that-failed-to-prevent-d-day">Atlantic Wall</a>, a fortified belt across 1,700 miles of coastline. The bunkers and machine gun nests did inflict some losses at Normandy, especially during the bloodbath suffered by American soldiers landing on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1960/11/first-wave-at-omaha-beach/303365/">Omaha Beach</a>. But the Atlantic Wall was spread too thin to repel overwhelming Allied force at the landing sites.In modern strategic parlance, stopping amphibious invasions is part of "anti-access/area denial," or A2/AD. Today's invasion planners worry that coastlines — and waters extending hundreds of miles from the beaches — are becoming no-go zones for warships and transports. Spy satellites and reconnaissance drones can discover an invasion fleet, exposing it to long-range attacks and giving the defender more time to mass troops and firepower in the likely landing zone. Coastal defense weapons include hypersonic anti-ship missiles streaking in at 10 times the speed of sound, GPS-guided cruise missiles and glide bombs, small but stealthy submarines, long-range guided artillery shells, and a variety of aerial and maritime drones. An enemy that has these can threaten the invasion armada and the landing force it launches as it chugs to the beach.And it's not just major powers like Russia and China that have these arms: even smaller powers like Iran and North Korea could turn beaches into death traps.There are already signs of this. In the 1982 Falklands War, the Argentine Air Force — armed with bombs and a few Exocet anti-ship missiles — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-60929073">sank six British warships</a> and transports, and nearly derailed the invasion. And in the ongoing Ukraine war, despite initial fears that the Russian Navy would shell cities and land amphibious troops, the <a target="_blank" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/02/ukraine-war-black-sea-russia-front/">Black Sea Fleet</a> has lost two dozen warships and amphibious vessels to anti-ship missiles and small, robotic boats packed with explosives. Russia may have a much larger navy than Ukraine, but it doesn't dare venture closer to the Ukrainian coast.Of course, it can be argued that technology works both ways. Smart bombs can destroy coastal defenses. Helicopters can ferry troops and supplies from an amphibious fleet <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/27/IHT-troops-seize-airstrip-neartaliban-base-us-marines-land-in-afghanistan.html">hundreds of miles</a> away. Drones likes unmanned tanks and mine-clearing robots can clear beach obstacles.<div type="image" title="A US nuclear bomb set off at Bikini Atoll in 1946 tested the weapon's effects on warships." height="1515" width="2000" msid="110765547" hostid="261" sizebytes="100386"></div>Yet ultimately, what has really killed massive amphibious invasions is the poisonous mushroom cloud. Even as far back as 1945, after the US atomic blasts at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nations realized that a single bomb capable of destroying a city could also wipe out an amphibious fleet. The U.S. Navy tests at <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phKPb5-WyF8">Bikini Atoll</a> in 1946 vividly demonstrated how a nuclear blast could smash even battleships and aircraft carriers like bathtub toys. Russia for example is armed to the teeth with tactical nukes that could devastate a massed fleet.This doesn't mean that amphibious operations are obsolete. They are still needed on a planet that is 71 percent water, and where the ocean is often the only feasible way to transport armies. But we should honor the memory of D-Day, because we shall never see another day like it again.Michael Peck is a defense writer whose work has appeared in Forbes, Defense News, Foreign Policy magazine, and other publications. He holds an MA in political science from Rutgers Univ. Follow him on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.twitter.com/@mipeck1">Twitter</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mipeck/">LinkedIn</a>.

D-Day was the largest amphibious invasion in history — and likely the last. Here's why.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Ukraine appears to have staged its largest attack on Russian airbases of the war overnight.</li><li>A Ukrainian official said Kyiv targeted multiple airfields, and Russia said it shot down 117 drones.</li></ul>After years of fighting off Russia, Ukraine is suddenly throwing a lot back at it. Kyiv appears to have just carried out its largest attack on Russian military airbases of the war, and its forces continue to press forward with their shock invasion of Russia's Kursk region.Russia's defense ministry said early Wednesday that its troops shot down 117 drones and four missiles launched overnight by Kyiv. Moscow claimed its air-defense systems destroyed projectiles over eight different regions, including border areas like Kursk.Russia didn't say whether any of its airfields were hit, but an official in the Security Service of Ukraine told <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="c-link" href="https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-hit-4-russian-airbases/">local media</a> that long-range drones targeted and struck Russian airfields in Kursk, Voronezh, Savasleyka, and Borisoglebs.An SBU source told <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="c-link" href="https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3895139-ukrainian-drones-carried-out-largest-attack-on-four-russian-military-airfields-source.html">state-run </a>Ukrinform, Ukraine's national news agency, that Ukrainian forces "carried out the largest attack on Russian military airfields since the war began," adding that "it was a 'fun' night" at the airfields.Business Insider could not immediately verify the claims from either side, and the SBU has not yet responded to requests for additional information.As the targets were Russian airfields, the long-range strikes appear to reflect Ukraine's efforts to curb the Russian aerial threat, which includes going after Moscow's highly destructive <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/satellite-images-show-ukraine-hit-russian-aircraft-drops-glide-bombs-2024-8">glide bombs</a> and the aircraft that drop them. These weapons have caused significant damage both on and off the battlefield.While the extent of the damage across the different bases remains unclear, footage purportedly captured some direct hits at the airfields, including at Savasleyka. Satellite imagery of Borisoglebs also seemed to reveal some damage to facilities. In the video footage, defenders can be heard shooting at incoming threats. It still remains to be seen if any of the Russian aircraft were damaged or destroyed.Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy alluded to the attacks on the airfields in his nightly address to the nation, expressing his gratitude to the SBU, the armed forces, and the military intelligence agency, also known as the HUR."Thank you for the accurate, skillful and effective strikes on Russian airfields," Zelenskyy said Wednesday, adding that "Ukrainian drones work exactly as they should." Despite the reach of Ukraine's long-range drones and its ability to launch complex attacks into Russia, Kyiv still argues that it is hamstrung by restrictions on using Western weapons to strike inside Russia and is lobbying for the US and its NATO allies to drop such limitations."There are things that cannot be done with drones alone," Zelenskyy said in his latest address. "We need other weapons — missile weapons. And we continue working with our partners on long-range decisions for Ukraine.""These are forward-looking decisions for our victory," he said. "It has to be done."The massive drone attack on the airbases notably came as the Ukrainian military incursion into Russia's Kursk region entered its ninth day.<div type="image" title="Ukrainian servicemen operate an armored military vehicle in the Sumy region on August 13." height="1434" width="2150" msid="112533854" hostid="261" sizebytes="250274"></div>The assault began on August 6, when thousands of Ukrainian soldiers, accompanied by armored vehicles, poured across the border and advanced several miles into Russia. By Monday, Kyiv said that it had <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-captured-hundreds-square-miles-russian-territory-general-2024-8">captured some 1,000 square kilometers</a>, and by Tuesday, it said it controlled <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-gaining-in-russia-kursk-controls-74-settlements-commander-2024-8">more than 70 settlements</a>.The Ukrainian offensive — described as the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://sg.news.yahoo.com/ukraine-claims-advances-russia-incursion-194047494.html?guccounter=1&amp;guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly90LmNvLw&amp;guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAtU9VOrYSCuuIlfZ1ARF5s84RvNXnXxFVXHNIZuXQgLoYg_3tYL2Gco6ypygeopfWgbJqXGv7rPF_mxuPOOBY7PdmYEbcQ5_GulqX8FtKSXYx0b6qiwv4PIZ0EjeFfMlOyRIqcOmttYFmopNnrGxlW36Dkwa44dElfaIjHe6Lcy">biggest attack on Russian soil</a> by a foreign enemy since World War II — caught Moscow by surprise, and the intense fighting there has forced more than 100,000 civilians to flee the area.As Moscow scrambles to respond to the shocking incursion, President Joe Biden told reporters on Tuesday that the attack is "creating a real dilemma" for Russian President Vladimir Putin.

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