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Minister of Human Resource Development Mr Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank introduced the Central Universities (Amendment) Bill, 2019 on July 8, 2019. As it was cleared by the Lok Sabha on July 12, 2019, the bill was eventually approved by the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday, July 16, 2019. The provisions of this act amend the Central Universities Act, 2009, that is aimed at establishing Universities for education and research across different states of India. What the bill implies? The Central Universities Amendment Bill creates room for establishing two central universities in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The names of these universities will be the Central University of Andhra Pradesh and the Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh. The principal objective of the Central Tribal University is to take added measures to offer opportunities to the tribal population in the realms of higher education and research and also create enough facilities for researches related to tribal art, technology, culture, and customs. The background It is important to note that the creation of a Central University and a Central Tribal University in the state of Andhra Pradesh becomes mandatory as per the provisions found in the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014. Measures taken as per the amendment While talking on the bill, <keyword id="7877691" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="HRD-Minister-Ramesh-Pokhriyal-Nishank">HRD Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank</keyword> made an assurance to the members of the houses that the said universities will be created within the next four years. The minister said that the Government of India has now allotted a sum of RS. 450 crore for the project’s first phase that will see the emerging of the Central University. The total value of the project will be Rs. 902.07 crore. The government has also allotted a sum of Rs. 420 crore for the first phase of setting up the Tribal University which will be accomplished at a total allotment of Rs. 836 crore. The minister also said that the government is attaching a high priority to empower the education system in the country further. With this objective, the budget for education has been increased to Rs. 95,000 crore this year from Rs. 67,000 crore in 2013-14. The minister stated that the creation of these two universities in the state of Andhra Pradesh will significantly enhance the quality of Higher Education and also promote the avenues for research and higher education for the people residing in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Talking about the Tribal University, the minister remarked, "Apart from being focused on tribal education, the Central Tribal University shall carry out all educational and other activities like any other Central University.” Discussions in Rajya Sabha K Ram Mohan Naidu of the Telugu Desam Party said that the educational institutions that exist today in Andhra Pradesh are not running well and they lack the resources to function properly. YSRCP party’s Lavu Devarayalu requested the government to sanction enough funds towards the creation of the Central universities and urged for introducing more courses and research programs in these two budding universities. He also said, "More funds need to be allocated to the Eklavya schools in tribal areas so that the students who eventually go to the tribal university have a strong foundation.”

Explained: Central Universities (Amendment) Bill 2019

On Tuesday, July 16, 2019, the Rajya Sabha passed the AERA (Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India) Bill with an aim to bid out any new airport on the basis of a pre-approved tariff structure. While replying during the discussion on the said bill, Hardeep Singh Puri, the Civil Aviation Minister said, "As many as 16 airports will be in the purview of AERA. All other airports continue to be looked after by the Civil Aviation Ministry." The implications of the AERA bill At present, the major airports that have an annual capacity to handle about one and a half million passengers remain under the purview of the AERA (Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India). If the bill is passed, the definition of what makes a major airport will change. Henceforth, a major airport will be any aerodrome which already has or even designated to handle an annual passenger capacity of about three and a half million. The background On June 24, the cabinet had given its approval for the AERA bill. The AERA is a regulator with which the power to fix the tariffs that the airports charge. During the last time, the AERA bill was approved by the cabinet in December 2017 when the Narendra Modi Government was ruling during its first tenure. Nevertheless, the bill could not be passed during the monsoon session during the last year. With the formation of the new Lok Sabha now, the older AERA bill stands lapsed and hence the cabinet had to approve it once again. What the different provisions of the AERA bill imply? The government is looking forward to significantly increase the traffic threshold for the major airports. For instance, the annual traffic threshold of major airports will rise from 15 lakhs to more than 35 lakhs. This will see many airports in the country come out of the ambit of AERA. Hence those that will cease to be identified as major airports will come under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Civil Aviation and the Government of India. So, henceforth, for all these airports, the tariff charges will be decided by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. The amendment also vests the Aviation Ministry with the powers to bid out airports projects on the basis of a pre-approved tariff. The AERA bill seeks to reduce the burden hanging on AERA as there has been a phenomenal increase in the passenger traffic which has increased the workload on AERA. With its limited resources, the AERA is finding it difficult to monitor the quality of services delivered at the major airports and also determine the various tariffs. The need for the amendment Notably, when the AERA bill was passed in 2008, the country had 11 airports with annual passenger traffic exceeding 15 lakhs, but the increase in the volume of air travels saw the number of airports almost triple eventually. Criticisms Some Rajya Sabha members argued against the bill saying that the government should have taken steps to strengthen the hands of AERA to be able to manage the additional workload instead of removing the airports from its control.

A major airport is the one having an annual capacity of 3.5 million passengers, says AERA (amendment) bill 2019

<ul><li>The Human Resource and Development Ministry (MHRD) is likely to give a nod to a proposal of having a <keyword id="58192" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Common-Admission-Test">Common Admission Test</keyword> from the next academic session. </li><li>The test will be conducted for over 300 undergraduate, postgraduate courses and Ph.D. programmes. </li><li>The test, which will be conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) will rope in 15 central universities across Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Jammu, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka among others. </li><li>As of now, 10 central universities accept the scores of CUCET examination.</li></ul>The Human Resource and Development Ministry (MHRD) is<a href="https://www.timesnownews.com/education/article/nta-to-conduct-common-admission-test-for-15-central-universities-from-next-academic-year/504735"> likely to nod</a> to a proposal to have one Common Admission Test from the next academic session. The test is likely to take place in May next year. The test, which will be conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) plans to rope in 15 central universities across Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Jammu, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka among others. The test will be conducted for over 300 undergraduate, postgraduate courses and Ph.D. programmes. Earlier, the Central University Common Entrance Test (CUCET) was conducted by the University of Rajasthan every year. And 10 central universities accepted the scores of CUCET examination. It is a national level examination for admission to B.Tech, B.Sc, Integrated B.Sc, M.Sc, M.A courses. “NTA has the capacity and capability as the final aim is to make it a premium testing agency. It has already delivered glitch free, transparent and secure testing for a number of critical entrance exams such <keyword id="178605" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Joint-Entrance-Examination">Joint Entrance Examination</keyword> (JEE Main), National Eligibility cum Eligibility Test (NEET), <keyword id="147395" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Eligibility-Test">National Eligibility Test</keyword> (NET) by UGC, Delhi University and Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) entrance tests,” an official from MHRD <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/now-common-entrance-test-for-15-central-universities/articleshow/71623044.cms">told</a> The Times of India. NTA is planning to get more centrally-funded universities into its ambit for the Common Admission Test. To address the loopholes in the education process, the government is also planning to introduce a common entrance examination for undergraduate admissions instead of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-draft-national-education-policy-one-common-admission-entrance-test/articleshow/69825504.cms">different exams for each university</a>. This is if a proposal by the draft National Education Policy (NEP) 2019, goes through. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-draft-national-education-policy-one-common-admission-entrance-test/articleshow/69825504.cms">India may have one common exam for all college admissions-- if the draft National Education Policy is passed</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-bill-to-do-away-with-ugc-and-aicte-will-be-tabled-in-the-parliament-in-october/articleshow/71305689.cms">A Bill to do away with UGC and AICTE will be tabled in the Parliament in October</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/union-budget-2019-for-education-study-in-india-program-announced-by-nirmala-sitharaman/articleshow/70083474.cms">Study in India program to turn the country into an education hub for foreign students</a>

Government’s Common Admission Test to rope in 15 central universities from next year

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Gov. Bill Lee ran against Democrat Jason Martin in Tennessee's gubernatorial race. </li><li>Tennessee went for for Trump by 23 percentage points in the 2020 presidential election.</li></ul>Republican incumbent Gov. Bill Lee beat Democrat Jason Martin in Tennessee's gubernatorial election.Polls closed at 8 p.m. in the Eastern Time Zone and 7 p.m. in the Central Time Zone.<h2>Tennessee's gubernatorial candidates</h2>Lee ran for reelection after finishing his first term in office, which began in 2019. Prior to becoming governor, he was the president of Lee Company, a group that was founded by his grandfather. A seventh-generation Tennesseean, Lee ran on a platform focused on public safety, adding more jobs to the state, and reforming the state's education system. Martin, Lee's challenger, is a physician who ran on a platform of expanding Medicaid access in the state, investing in the state's education system, and improving the state's "highways, bridges, sewer and stormwater systems." <h2>Tennessee's voting history </h2>Tennessee backed then-President Donald Trump by 23 percentage points in 2020. The blood-red state <a href="https://www.270towin.com/states/Tennessee">has sided with Republicans</a> in the last six presidential elections, and Trump's win in 2020 marked the fifth consecutive double-digit Republican victory. <h2>What experts say</h2>The race between Lee and Martin was rated as "solid Republican" by <a href="https://insideelections.com/ratings/governor">Inside Elections</a>, "solid Republican" by <a href="https://www.cookpolitical.com/ratings/governor-race-ratings">The Cook Political Report</a>, and "safe Republican" by <a href="https://centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/2022-governor/">Sabato's Crystal Ball at the University of Virginia Center for Politics</a>.

Results: Republican Gov. Bill Lee beats Democrat Jason Martin in Tennessee's gubernatorial election

<ul><li>As many as 22 bills are to be tabled this session, which intends to protect women, senior citizens, and transgenders and turn adoption easier. </li><li> Added to that, the most discussed bill that will be tabled will be that of data protection that has been buzzing ever since the Aadhar scandal broke out. </li><li>The Narendra Modi-led government is on a warpath to amend many laws this winter session.</li><li> Some of them intend to modernize laws with changing times and empower the central government. </li></ul> After passing 28 bills in the budget session of the Parliament including the controversial abrogation of <keyword id="405091" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Article-370">Article 370</keyword>, the Narendra Modi-led government is on a warpath to amend many laws this winter session. Some of them intend to modernize laws with changing times and empower the central government. As many as 22 bills are to be tabled this session, which intends to protect women, senior citizens, and transgenders and turn adoption easier. Added to that, the most discussed bill that will be tabled will be that of data protection that has been buzzing ever since the Aadhar scandal broke out. The winter parliament will seek a way to end the many river disputes between states. However, the winter session also has controversial bills which can empower the central government to cancel an OCI (Overseas Citizen of India) card. Here is a list of major bills to be introduced in the Winter Session of Parliament The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2019 It protects the rights of transgender persons and provides for their welfare. <keyword id="250148" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="The-Bill">The Bill</keyword> was introduced in the Lok Sabha on July 19,2019 and passed by the Lok Sabha on August 5. The Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019 The bills bans commercial surrogacy in India. Constitutes the National Surrogacy Board and respective State Surrogacy Boards to regulate the practise of surrogacy. Introduced in Lok Sabha on July 15, 2019 and passed by the Lok Sabha on August 5. The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Bill, 2019 The bill empowers the District Magistrate instead of the Court to reduce delays for receiving adoption order. The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens (Amendment) Bill, 2019 The Bill aims to make life easier for senior citizens by amending the existing act to make it contemporary as per the changing socio-economic needs. The Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 The Bill if it turns into a law will protect and regulate all aspects of personal data, and promote the growth of digital economy. The Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes (Production, Manufacture, Import,Export, Sale, Distribution, Storage and Advertisement) Bill, 2019 It will replace an ordinance and prohibit the production, manufacture, import, export, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement of e-cigarettes, vaping products and similar devices. The Healthcare service personnel and Clinical Establishments (Prohibition of violence and damage to the property) bill, 2019 It will prohibit violence against healthcare service personnel, and damage or loss of property of clinical establishments. The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2019 Amends the definition of illegal migrant, reduces the residency requirement to obtain Indian citizenship through naturalisation, and empowers the central government to cancel the registration of an Overseas CItizen of India (OCI) card. The National Commission for Indian System of Medicine Bill, 2019 It repeals the Indian Medicine Central Council Act, 1970 and sets up a National Commission to regulate the education and practise of Indian systems of medicine. It was introduced on Jan 7, 2019 in Rajya Sabha. A standing committee report is pending on the matter. The Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial (Amendment Bill, 2019 It removes the president of the Indian National Congress as a trustee and empowers the central government to remove nominated members. Introduced in Lok Sabha on July 8, 2019, and passed by the Lok Sabha on August 2. The Dam Safety Bill, 2019 As the country suffered through many floods this year, the bill intends to manage its dams better. The Bill provides for the surveillance, inspection, operation and maintenance of specified dams across the country. It was introduced in the Lok Sabha on July 29, 2019 and passed by it on August 2. The Inter-State River Water Disputes (Amendment) Bill, 2019 It provides for a permanent tribunal with multiple benches and a Dispute Resolution Committee for adjudication of inter-state river water disputes. It was introduced in the Lok Sabha on July 25, 2019 and passed by the Lok Sabha on July 31. The Arms (Amendment) Bill, 2019- Amends the <keyword id="7183713" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Arms-Act-1959">Arms Act, 1959</keyword> to enable the law enforcement machinery to curb crimes related to illegal arms. The Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Bill, 2019 Establishes the National Board, the state boards and the National Registry to regulate and supervise assisted reproductive technology clinics. Establishes assisted reproductive technology banks to prevent misuse and promote ethical practices. The Aircraft (Amendment) Bill, 2019 The bill intends to meet the recommended standards and practices laid down by ICAO for the safety and security oversight function. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulations) Amendment Bill, 2019 Amends section 5(1), section 6(1), and section 17A (2A) of MMDR Act, 1957 to remove the requirement of prior approval of the central government before the grant of a mining lease. The National River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Bill, 2019 It prescribes measures to prevent, control and abate pollution in the river Ganga and ensure its continuous and adequate flow.

Here is a list of major bills to be introduced in the Winter Session of Parliament

The Central Universities Common <keyword id="7783571" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="entrance-test-result-2019">Entrance Test result 2019</keyword> is expected to be declared today i.e. 21 June 2019. The <keyword id="7420789" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="CUCET-2019">CUCET 2019</keyword> result will be available on the official website cucetexam.in. Alternatively, the result will also be updated on curaj.nic.in. The answer key for the preliminary test was released last month. The CUCET 2019 was conducted by the Central University of Rajasthan on 25 May and 26 May 2019. The result can also be accessed on the websites of the participating universities of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kashmir, Kerala, Mahatma Gandhi (Bihar), Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, South Bihar and Dr B R Ambedkar School of Economics. Here’s how you can check the CUCET 2019 result: <ul><li>Visit the official website cucetexam.in</li><li>Click on the link that says “CUCET Result 2019” </li><li>On the login page, register with your credentials.</li><li>The 2019 CUCET Result will be displayed. You can download it for future reference.</li></ul>

CUCET result 2019: The results declared today, check score @cucetexam.in, curaj.nic.in

In a move deemed as a very significant one in the face of Indian democratic governance, the Rajya Sabha approved the Jammu and Kashmir <keyword id="7821367" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="reservation-bill-2019">Reservation Bill 2019</keyword> after the amendments were approved by the Lok Sabha two days earlier. Here are the highlights of what we must know about the Jammu Kashmir Reservation Bill 2019. What has changed now The present bill replaces the Jammu and Kashmir Amendment Ordinance 2019 which was issued earlier on March 1, 2019. This bill gives room for some amendments in the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation Act passed in 2004 that aims to get the people residing in the areas near the international border within the purview of reservation on par with the people residing in the areas adjacent to the Actual Line of Control (ALoC). Who the bill will benefit As per the earlier bill, 3% reservation was allowed for the youth residing within 6 kms of the line of control in Jammu and Kashmir. As per the new amendments, this provision will be extended to the people living near the international border too. This measure will come to benefit the people living in Jammu, Samba and Kathua regions. Notably, the people inhabiting these regions have been pressing the government for so long to give this concession as they are confronting the impacts of cross-border firing in the Jammu and Kashmir region. At the same time, the compulsory 7 year service provision will also be applicable for the people living near the international border. How is the change effected By virtue of the Presidential order, the cabinet implemented the 77th constitutional amendment of 1995 to Jammu and Kashmir in order to give the benefits of reservation in promotion in the government services to the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. In addition, the cabinet applied the 103 constitutional amendment of 2019 to Jammu and Kashmir that sanctioned 10% reservation to the economically backward segments of people in the general category. The setting in J&amp;K When the BJP withdrew its support to the PDP in November 2018, the Governor <keyword id="2773123" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Satya-Pal-Malik">Satya Pal Malik</keyword> dissolved the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly. With this move, the state came under the president’s rule. Due to security reasons, elections were not conducted so far here. Amidst this background, the parliament passed this bill and the parliament’s upper house gave its consent to extend the president’s rule in Jammu and Kashmir for the next six months. What is the controversy now While passing the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation Bill 2019, the central government claims that the given constitutional amendment was recommended by the State Administrative Council (SAC) under the leadership of Satya Pal Malik, the present governor for Jammu and Kashmir. None has questioned the decision of the government with regard to the latest amendment to favor the SCs, STs and EWS. However, there is an opposition to the way it has been accomplished. These sources quote from <keyword id="405091" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Article-370">Article 370</keyword> that states that the provisions found in the Act of Parliament for Jammu and Kashmir can be done only with the concurrence of the state government. The question is whether the recent amendment can be approved during the time when the state is under the President’s rule.

The controversy behind Jammu Kashmir’s Reservation Bill 2019

<ul><li>The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has prepared a draft Bill titled RPP Bill, 2019 to replace the existing PRB Act, 1867. </li><li>The bill proposes to bring e-papers and digital media news under MIB’s purview.</li><li>The bill also recommends having a simple system of registration for e-papers and enables the Government to frame rules for issuing Government ads in newspapers. </li></ul>The <keyword id="510157" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ministry-of-Information-and-Broadcast">Ministry of Information and Broadcast</keyword> (MIB) has proposed a draft to replace Press and Registration of Books (PRB) Act, 1867 with <keyword id="8379576" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="registration-of-press-and-periodicals-bill-2019">Registration of Press and Periodicals Bill 2019</keyword>. Under the new Bill, MIB proposes to bring e-papers and digital news under its purview. The Bill also proposes to do away with the existing procedure of furnishing of declaration by publishers or printers before the District Magistrate and its subsequent authentication. If passed, it would enable the Central Government and the State Government to frame rules and regulate the conditions for issuing Government advertisements in newspapers, accreditation of newspapers and such other facilities for newspapers. It further proposes to have a simple system of registration of e-papers. The process of title and registration of periodicals including newspapers is also proposed to be effected centrally by the Press Registrar General.

Ministry of Information and Broadcast to bring e-papers and digital news under its purview

<ul><li>Indian government is pushing to amend the Citizenship bill 2016. </li><li>New bill will allow illegal immigrants from specific religions to become citizens. </li><li>Assam is witnessing continuous protests as the bill enters Rajya Sabha for debate.</li></ul>India’s Narendra Modi government is <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/top-bureaucrats-in-assam-concede-situation-is-challenging/story-lAEMW9tS4HdJ7ZkPdHsTuN.html">pushing for a bill</a> which will make illegal migrants from six religions and three countries — Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan — eligible for Indian citizenship. Even allies like <keyword id="195349" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Conrad-Sangma">Conrad Sangma</keyword>, the chief minister of Meghalaya whose party is part of the National Democratic Alliance led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), has opposed the amendments. Representatives of 11 political parties met Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh on Sunday to lodge their protest. Even the Manipur-based filmmaker and music composer Aribam Syam Sharma has decided to return his 2006 Padma Shri award in protest. 
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Prime Minister Narendra Modi during a BJP rally in Silchar, Assam on Jan 4, 2019. The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill was passed in lower house of the Parliament, Lok Sabha, on 8 January, 2019. However, the upper house of Parliament, Rajya Sabha, will debate this bill in its ongoing session. Ahead of the debate, protests have broken out in the north eastern state of Assam, where citizens alleged that the new bill violates the Assam Accord, 1985 — which led to deportation of illegal immigrants in the state regardless of their religion. Last week families of around 855 martyrs of the anti-foreigners Assam Agitation of 1979-1985 returned the citation that the government had given them in 2016. Unrest over the issue has sparked violent protests in state for over a month now, and Assam police has reportedly grounded over 15 people. On Friday, two people<a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/3-stage-nude-protest-outside-assam-secretariat-over-citizenship-bill-1986978"> stripped down </a>while a third person was found naked outside the Assam Secretariat in Guwahati, Assam. 
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 Three men stage a nude protest near the Assam Secretariat in protest against the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill in Guwahati on Feb 1, 2019. The protesters were swiftly removed by security personnel. “India is a democracy, though people have the right to voice their ideas and demands, such actions are not appreciated in society,” <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/assam-admits-protests-over-citizenship-bill-a-challenge-calls-for-calm-1987411">said</a> Assam Chief Secretary Alok Kumar. The Bill makes illegal immigrants eligible for citizenship on the basis of religion. This may violate Article 14 of the Constitution which guarantees right to equality, according to public policy research organisation PRS. This includes amendments to permit cancellations of Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) — which permits foreign citizens of Indian origin to stay and work in India. “This is a wide ground that may cover a range of violations, including minor offences (eg. parking in a no parking zone),” PRS said. Violence in other parts of the country Not just Assam, the bill faced protests from around the world — students from different universities in Assam gathered at Jantar Mantar in Delhi going against the central government holding placards that said ‘No to Citizenship Amendment Bill’, ‘Down with Citizenship Amendment Bill’ seeking the government to rollback the amendments. 
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Activists of All Assam Students Union (AASU) block National Highway 37 as they stage a demonstration against Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, in Guwahati on Jan 29, 2019. The growing unrest will be a challenge for the BJP ahead of Lok Sabha polls. The party has recently emerged as a political alternative in north east India. The party has managed to form the government in three out of the seven states in the region in recent years. However, the ongoing agitations may polarise the voters ahead of the next pan-India elections, and divide the votes. Defending the amendments proposed in the bill, BJP President Amit Shah <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/citizenship-bill-necessary-says-amit-shah/article26168945.ece">reportedly said</a> that “There are some decisions that are acceptable to some, not acceptable to others. The BJP has thought deeply about the Citizenship Amendment Bill before bringing it. We cannot leave a large swathe of people fleeing persecution hanging in mid-air. We believe that the Bill is necessary for the country,” he said.

India’s Citizenship Bill is faced with growing protests

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Vermont's Proposal 5, or Article 22, would make reproductive autonomy a state constitutional right.</li><li>Proponents say that the measure will further protect abortion and contraception access.</li></ul>A "yes" on Vermont's Proposal 5, also known as Article 22, will amend the state's constitution and add language that protects reproductive freedom, including abortion.<h2>Ballot measure details</h2><a href="https://legislature.vermont.gov/Documents/2022/Docs/BILLS/PR0005/PR0005%20As%20adopted%20by%20the%20Senate%20Official.pdf">Proposal 5</a>, which was approved by the Vermont state legislature in 2019, would add language in the constitution that states an "individual's right to personal reproductive autonomy is central to the liberty and dignity to determine one's own life course and shall not be denied or infringed."The only exception, the bill text states, would be a compelling state interest that passes a "strict scrutiny" test. If so, the state must use the "least restrictive" method of achieving said interest.Republican Governor Phil Scott <a href="https://governor.vermont.gov/press-release/governor-phil-scott-formally-proclaims-constitutional-amendment-proposal-5-will-appear">announced that the proposal</a> would be on the ballot weeks after the Supreme Court's decision to remove <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/supreme-court-confirms-authenticity-draft-opinion-gutting-roe-v-wade-2022-5">national abortion rights was leaked.</a>Currently, the state of Vermont has no restriction on abortion access and allows for abortions throughout a pregnancy, according to the <a href="https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/state-facts-about-abortion-vermont">Guttmacher Institute.</a>Other states that are voting to add abortion protections to their constitution include California and Michigan.<h2>Support and opposition</h2><a href="https://reprolibertyvt.org/">Vote Yes on Article 22</a> includes support from Governor Scott, ACLU Vermont, Planned Parenthood, and Ben and Jerry's.Supporters say the constitutional amendment will help further protect the right to abortion and birth control. <a href="https://www.vrlc.net/category/proposal-5-article-22/">Vermont Right to Life</a> is leading the opposition, and argues that the amendment will make it harder to pass laws in the future that would ban or restrict abortion.<h2>What experts are saying</h2>As of October, 75% of Vermont voters would vote yes on Proposal 5, while 18% would vote no and 6% are unsure, a <a href="https://webpubcontent.gray.tv/wcax/docs/PollThursday.pdf">University of New Hampshire survey found.</a>

Proposal 5: Vermont will vote to protect reproductive autonomy

The Congress President announced the <keyword id="7461248" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nyuntam-Aay-Yojana">Nyuntam Aay Yojana</keyword> (NYAY) on Monday. If voted to power in the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, India’s grand old party, plans to implement this scheme. What is this scheme all about? The plan is to give ₹6,000 per month to every family which falls below the poverty line. The question is how was this number arrived at. In <a href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/rahul-s-scheme-for-poor-to-cost-rs-3-5-trn-congress-data-analytics-chief-119032500999_1.html">an interview to the Business Standard</a>, Praveen Chakravarty, who is the head of the data analytics department of the Congress Party, explained the logic. He said that almost everyone earns ₹5,000-6,000 per month as a family. The Congress Party thinks that a minimum income of ₹12,000 per month is reasonable. In that sense, the plan is to pay ₹6,000 per month to every family which is below the poverty line, to get them to a level of ₹12,000 per month. So, to that extent this is a <keyword id="4034334" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="basic-income-scheme">basic income scheme</keyword>, with the below poverty line families getting a fixed amount of money every month, with no conditions attached to the payment. In case of the just launched PM-Kisan scheme only landowners who own less than two hectares of land, stand to benefit. In the case of NYAY, anyone below the poverty line will be eligible for ₹6,000 per month, this will include landless labourers as well. What is the scheme trying to address? The scheme is trying to address poverty, especially in the eastern part of the country. Take a look at Figure 1, which basically plots the per capita income of different states in 2017-2018. The per capita income of many states is missing because the data is not currently available. In 2017-2018, Bihar had the lowest per capita income of ₹38,860 per year (or just about ₹3,500 per month). Uttar Pradesh came in next with a per capita income of ₹55,339. Now compare this with other states. Karnataka had a per capita income of ₹181,788 whereas Maharashtra had a per capita income of ₹180,596. 
 
 
 
 
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 So, clearly there is a problem. People living in heavily populated states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, are simply not making enough money and this needs to be addressed. Why does the government need to give money to citizens? Large states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Haryana, which have done much better than other states, have had some sort of business and industry going in the state. Haryana has also benefited on account of the agricultural revolution and the fact that the state borders New Delhi. The problem is that poorer states can no longer follow this formula, simply because India is going through what economists refer to as premature non-industrialization. As the Economic Survey of 2014-15 pointed out, “Uttar Pradesh’s maximum level of industrialization was about one-third that of Brazil and Indonesia (both have similar populations to UP); and the decline began at 15-20% of the income levels of these countries." In this scenario, the states with a lower income, need to be supported by the government, and there is clearly no denying that. Of course, this comes with the corollary that any basic income scheme cannot eradicate poverty. Where is the money going to come from? As the old adage goes, in economics there is no free lunch. Someone is going to foot the bill for delivering NYAY. NYAY is to be delivered to 20% of the population or around 50 million families. At ₹6,000 per family per month, the total bill works out to ₹3.6 trillion. The forecast gross domestic product for 2019-20 is ₹210.1 trillion. Hence, the bill for NYAY will work out to around 1.7% of the GDP. The question is how a bill of ₹3.6 trillion or 1.7% of the GDP is going to be financed? The Congress Party in its media interactions seems confident about being able to finance NYAY. Economists who have talked about the idea of a basic income in India in the past, have primarily talked about doing away with subsidies and raising taxes, in order to be able to finance any basic income scheme. Let’s try and take a look at how this would work in the case of NYAY. The total food, fertiliser and petroleum subsidy bill for 2019-20 stands at ₹2.97 trillion or 1.41% of the GDP. Once NYAY is implemented, it makes sense to do away with the subsidies, given that people will get money directly into their bank accounts. The point is this is easier said than done. Any government trying to do away with fertiliser subsidy will immediately be labelled anti-farmer. The food subsidy is the really tricky part. At ₹1.84 trillion, it is the largest of the subsidies offered by the central government. How does it work? The Food Corporation of India (FCI) along with state procurement agencies buys rice and wheat directly from farmers at a minimum support price, announced by the government. This rice and wheat bought, is then sold through the public distribution system (more popularly referred to as ration shops) at a much lower price. The government the compensates FCI for this subsidy through the food subsidy allocated in the budget. If this subsidy is done away with or even cut, then the rice and wheat buying by FCI and other state procurement agencies, will have to be cut or done away with. In this scenario, what happens to the FCI and other state procurement agencies? Will they be dismantled? Further, what will happen to the public distribution system? These are questions that will need to be answered before NYAY is launched. In fact, the public distribution system works well in states like Chhattisgarh and Tamil Nadu. What will happen there? The state of Punjab benefits the most through FCI buying rice and wheat directly from farmers. In fact, given that the FCI has a very good procurement system in Punjab, the farmers grow a lot of rice, in what is basically a semi-arid region. What will happen in the state of Punjab, if the procurement system is done away with? These are very difficult questions with answers which may perhaps even be politically suicidal. What about taxes? When it comes to basic income, economists have called for different kinds of taxes, from tax on agriculture income, to re-introduction of wealth tax and estate duty. These forms of taxes are fairly unpopular and it remains to be seen if any government will introduce them and face the wrath of the taxpayer. Nevertheless, one thing that can be done is to take a look at the tax incentives available to corporates. Along with every budget, the government puts out a Statement of Revenue Impact of Tax Incentives under the Central Tax System. When it comes to central excise duty and customs duty, the data is available only up to 2016-2017. In that year, the revenue impact of major tax incentives stood at ₹1.46 trillion. While, it is easy to point out that such exemptions exist, it won’t be so easy to do away with them. Another good source of revenue can be central public sector enterprises, which are sitting on a huge amount of land and other assets. Vijay Joshi, Reader Emeritus in Economics, University of Oxford, in his book India’s Long Road estimates that the value of enterprises owned by the government is around 40-45% of the GDP. The problem is that in all these years, no government has really managed to sell public enterprises to private companies, which is where they can hope to earn a good premium over the prevailing price. If the government gets around to the idea of selling public sector enterprises, a lot of money can be raised to finance. The trouble is the Congress Party has never believed in the idea of selling public sector enterprises (not that the BJP does either). To conclude, NYAY is basically a scheme, whose time has come. Having said that, it will be very difficult to implement. Identifying the people who are actually eligible for the scheme will be difficult. Hence, it is important the scheme is piloted well and then implemented throughout the country. Many systems which have been put in place will have to be challenged and junked. The problem is that with every system there come people who have benefitted and continue to benefit from the system, and hence, have a huge nuisance value. Will the Congress Party, if elected, be able to overcome this nuisance, is something that remains to be seen.

Can Congress' basic income scheme end India's poverty?

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>The US Senate on Tuesday unanimously passed a bill to protect human rights in Hong Kong as protests continue to rage in the semiautonomous Chinese city.&#xa0;</li><li>The legislation, titled the "Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019, would essentially require the State Department to ensure that the city's "One County, Two Systems" agreement with China is upheld each year in order for the government to continue to afford Hong Kong with special trade status.&#xa0;</li><li>The bill would also consider sanctions against people involved in human rights abuses against Hong Kong citizens, and would ensure visa protections for protesters in the US.&#xa0;</li><li>The bill's passage comes at a time when protests in Hong Kong that have continued for six months approach a fever pitch.&#xa0;</li><li>Last week, at <a href="https://www.insider.com/photos-videos-protests-hong-kong-polytechnic-university-tear-gas-arrows-2019-11">several university campuses</a>, police fired tear gas and blue dye at protesters who launched bows and arrows and Molotov cocktails.&#xa0;</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>The US Senate on Tuesday unanimously passed a bill to protect human rights in Hong Kong as protests continued to rage in the semiautonomous Chinese city.&#xa0;The legislation, titled the "Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019," would essentially require the State Department to ensure that the city's "One County, Two Systems" agreement with China is upheld each year in order for the government to continue to afford Hong Kong with special trade status.&#xa0;The bill would also consider sanctions against people involved in human rights abuses against Hong Kong citizens, and would ensure visa protections for protesters in the US.&#xa0;The Senate version of the legislation was introduced in May by Republican Sen. Marco Rubio of Florida, who has been a vocal critic of Chinese policy and human rights abuses. The House also unanimously passed their own version of the bill, which was introduced by Republican Rep. Chris Smith of New Jersey.&#xa0;The two chambers now have to reconcile differences before the legislation will be sent to President Donald Trump for passage.&#xa0;"The people of Hong Kong see what's coming - they see the steady effort to erode the autonomy and their freedoms," said Rubio."We have sent a message to President Xi [Jinping] - your suppression of freedom, whether in Hong Kong, in northwest China or in anywhere else, will not stand," Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said.&#xa0;"You cannot be a great leader - and you cannot be a great country - when you oppose freedom, and when you are so brutal to the people of Hong Kong, young and old, who are protesting."China's foreign ministry <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-protests-usa-china/china-condemns-u-s-senate-measure-on-hong-kong-rights-idUSKBN1XU05E">condemned the bill</a> and vowed to protect its national security.&#xa0;<h2>Protests are reaching a fever pitch</h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>Protests in Hong Kong began in June against a bill that would have allowed for the extradition of residents to China to face trial. But in the six months since protests erupted, they have morphed into a fight against Chinese encroachment and police brutality that continues to become more violent.&#xa0;Last week, <a href="https://www.insider.com/photos-videos-protests-hong-kong-polytechnic-university-tear-gas-arrows-2019-11">protesters clashed with police at several university campuses</a>. Hong Kong Polytechnic University, located in Hung Hom, became a battleground for pro-democracy protesters against riot police, who surrounded the perimeter and launched tear gas and water cannons filled with blue liquid at students taking refuge on campus.&#xa0;Protesters responded by firing Molotov cocktails and other makeshift weapons at police.&#xa0;In a statement, university authorities said they were "gravely concerned that the spiraling radical illicit activities will cause not only a tremendous safety threat on campus, but also class suspension over an indefinite period of time."Police on Sunday evening threatened to arrest protesters for rioting, an offense which carries up to 10 years in prison. By Monday morning, police stormed the campus and&#xa0;<a href="https://www.facebook.com/HongKongPoliceForce/videos/439153846801897/?__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARA_FyzusnGIZ9lhd0_7FQa2KdvEZqjacWbEYfanKZb087vLXVR-KdBQJeDRLeJGWy5gQwDEzryZmOu8VP_ML0QZTsEBnwOy0gRyZxZTD0GAqs3tF4uYC8roXGhAZozwbjuxEA6hvn0C2rjLqmRQPd4aIugPqQv7I-fG4hEqUsjm1sTJHkEcLx_2RxUxRbjVL6Ey9CVnHH1hVa0hnr3tlT40Hwmw9TfspAykBu35pUaVL90O8R0tHyQelz9Zmw32CcdOj8hBr4jNiRRwgw7lzPTK9C43jcL0hWVfrJYrwE8e9sK1mCw9c_6a_fZDuHuRxAPKbvC4yfUWSkhP47667-KhJVm4My0zRhg&amp;__tn__=-R">threatened to use live rounds</a>&#xa0;if protesters did not "stop assaulting the police using cars, gas bombs and bows and arrows."By Monday morning, video appeared to show protesters leaving the campus en masse, though some students tried to evade police and escape the burning campus by <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/11/18/trapped-hong-kong-protesters-fear-crackdown-police-seal-university/">scaling a nearby bridge</a> and arranging with those on the outside to drive away on a motorcycle.As of Tuesday evening, it was believed that around 100 or more students were <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protesters-trapped-in-university-standoff-please-let-my-daughter-go-11574074401">still trapped inside the university</a>.&#xa0;A protester actively working on the frontlines who was at Polytechnic University during the initial stages of the clashes told Business Insider that protesters are exhausted but will continue to turn out to fight.&#xa0;"We know that if we don't fight now, we will lose completely. Everyone is exhausted, mentally, physically. But I think the spirit is still there and we know that we need to keep fighting. There's no other choice. "<div></div>

The US Senate unanimously passed a bill to defend human rights in Hong Kong - a powerful act of defiance against China as pro-democracy protests rage

The Rajya Sabha on Friday passed two Bills -- the Indian Medicine Central Council (Amendment) Bill, 2020 and Homoeopathy Central Council (Amendment) Bill, 2020. Replying during the discussion on the Bills, <keyword id="2468968" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Health-Minister-Harsh-Vardhan">Health Minister Harsh Vardhan</keyword> said, "The Ordinance was necessitated as Parliament was not in session." The Minister said that Yoga and Naturopathy will also be promoted in due course, as demanded by <keyword id="123786" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Rashtriya-Janata-Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</keyword> (RJD) MP Manoj Jha. During the discussion, Biju <keyword id="123462" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Janata-Dal">Janata Dal</keyword> (BJD) MP Prasanna Acharya supported the Bill, but questioned the need for the ordinance. He said only in extraordinary situations the ordinance route should be adopted. Speaking on the Bill, BJP MP Sudhanshu Trivedi said that new things are always opposed first, but during covid times homeopathy medicine was prescribed as an immunity booster. Samajwadi Party (SP) member Ram Gopal Yadav asked the government not to delay the constitution of the commission as homoeopathy is a necessity for the poor as allopathy is costly and in covid times private hospitals are charging more than Rs one lakh per day. The DMK MP T. Siva said, "The government is taking away the powers of the states", and alleged that its diluting the federalism. The Bill brought by the Centre amends <keyword id="9958977" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="the-homoeopathy-central-council-act">the Homoeopathy Central Council Act</keyword>, 1973. After becoming an Act, the Central Council of Homoeopathy will regulate homeopathic education and practice. The Bill replaces the Homoeopathy Central Council (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020 which was promulgated on April 24, 2020. The period for the supersession of the Central Council -- The 1973 Act -- was amended in 2018 to provide for the supersession of the Central Council of Homoeopathy. The Central Council was required to be reconstituted within one year from the date of its supersession. This period was amended in 2019 to require the reconstitution of the Central Council in two years. The central government constituted a Board of Governors to exercise the powers of the Central Council. The Bill amends the Act to increase the period for the supersession of the Central Council from two years to three years. The resolution moved by K. C. Venugopal, E. Kareem and K. K.Ragesh was defeated. But Ragesh raised a point of order for the right to reply as the mover of the resolution and asked about the role of the state governments in this Bill. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/kia-sonet-suv-launched-in-india-price-starts-at-6-71-lakh/articleshow/78182816.cms">Kia Sonet SUV launched in India at ₹6.71 lakh— Here’s all you need to know about its features, design and competition</a>

You Searched For "what is central university bill 2019" and got 13 results

Explained: Central Universities (Amendment) Bill 2019

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Government’s Common Admission Test to rope in 15 central universities from next year

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Results: Republican Gov. Bill Lee beats Democrat Jason Martin in Tennessee's gubernatorial election

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CUCET result 2019: The results declared today, check score @cucetexam.in, curaj.nic.in

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The controversy behind Jammu Kashmir’s Reservation Bill 2019

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Ministry of Information and Broadcast to bring e-papers and digital news under its purview

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India’s Citizenship Bill is faced with growing protests

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Proposal 5: Vermont will vote to protect reproductive autonomy

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The US Senate unanimously passed a bill to defend human rights in Hong Kong - a powerful act of defiance against China as pro-democracy protests rage

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Rajya Sabha passes Homeopathy Bills

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