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After landing on the Moon's southern pole and deploying an Indian solar observatory in space, the latest endeavour by the <keyword id="116095" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation" source="Orion">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>) involved placing an advanced eye in the sky to closely monitor the Earth's surface and oceans. Now, the initial fruits of this ambitious venture have come to light. <keyword id="18493390" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="INSAT-3DS" source="Orion">INSAT-3DS</keyword>, a <keyword id="2829864" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="meteorological-satellite" source="Orion">meteorological satellite</keyword> pivotal for <keyword id="424037" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="weather-forecasting" source="Orion">weather forecasting</keyword>, climate monitoring and understanding atmospheric processes, has unveiled the first batch of images captured by its meteorological Imager and Sounder payloads. Launched on February 17, 2024, the satellite swiftly completed orbit-raising operations and reached its designated geostationary slot for In-Orbit Testing (IOT) by February 28, 2024. The first imaging session for the <keyword id="20926618" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Meteorological-Payload" source="Orion">Meteorological Payload</keyword> IOT took place on March 7, 2024, yielding the images that have now been released. <div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="isro" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1767155560645071344"></div> Equipped with a 6-channel imager, the satellite captures images of the Earth's surface and atmosphere across various spectral channels. These channels enable the gathering of data on diverse atmospheric and surface phenomena, including clouds, aerosols, land surface temperature, vegetation health and water vapour distribution. Moreover, the imager can be tailored to capture specific features of interest. In contrast, the 19-channel sounder captures radiation emitted by the Earth's atmosphere, with channels carefully selected to measure radiation emitted by different atmospheric constituents and properties like water vapour, ozone, carbon dioxide and other gases. Some channels are dedicated to measuring temperature variations across different atmospheric layers. Together, these payloads can generate more than 40 geophysical data products, including sea-surface temperature, rainfall (precipitation) products, land surface temperature, atmospheric motion vectors and high-resolution winds, among others, catering to diverse user needs. INSAT-3DS Satellite represents a continuation of the Third Generation Meteorological Satellite from Geostationary Orbit. Fully funded by the <keyword id="158211" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ministry-of-Earth-Sciences" source="Orion">Ministry of Earth Sciences</keyword> (MoES), this mission aims to enhance meteorological observations, monitor land and ocean surfaces for weather forecasting, and provide timely disaster warnings. Its primary goals include monitoring the Earth's surface, observing the oceans, offering vertical profiles of various meteorological parameters of the atmosphere and facilitating satellite-aided search and rescue operations.

Earth through Indian eye in the sky: ISRO’s meteorological satellite INSAT-3DS unveils its first batch of images

Perth: (The Conversation) Last week, three tiny Australian satellites from Curtin University's <keyword id="23932163" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Binar-Space-Program" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Binar Space Program" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Binar Space Program">Binar Space Program</keyword> burned up in Earth's atmosphere. That was always going to happen. In fact, Binar means "fireball" in the Noongar language of the First Nations people of Perth. When a satellite is in low Earth orbit (2,000km or less), it experiences orbital decay as it drags closer and closer to the surface, eventually burning up. But these cube satellites (<keyword id="21533654" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CubeSats" source="keywords">CubeSats</keyword>), known as Binar-2, 3 and 4, entered the atmosphere much sooner than originally planned. They only lasted for two months - a third of what was expected. This significantly reduced valuable time for science and testing new systems. The reason for their untimely demise? Our Sun has kicked into high gear, and the Binar satellites are far from the only casualty. Recent high <keyword id="20792842" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Solar-activity" source="keywords">solar activity</keyword> has been causing an unexpected headache for satellite operators in the last few years, and it's only increasing. <h2>Why is the Sun so active? </h2> Solar activity includes phenomena such as sunspots, solar flares and solar wind - the stream of charged particles that flows toward Earth. This activity is a product of the Sun's ever-changing magnetic field, and approximately every 11 years, it completely flips. At the midpoint of this cycle, solar activity is at its highest. While this cycle is known, specific solar activity is challenging to predict - the dynamics are complex and solar forecasting is in its infancy. In the last few months, indicators of solar activity were more than one and a half times higher than predictions for this point in the current cycle, labelled <keyword id="22712826" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="solar-cycle-25" source="keywords">solar cycle 25</keyword>. <h2>The impact of <keyword id="20087207" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-weather" source="keywords">space weather</keyword> </h2> Space weather refers to the environmental effects that originate from outside our atmosphere (mostly the Sun). It affects us on Earth in a variety of noticeable and unnoticeable ways. The most obvious is the presence of auroras. In the past few months, auroras have been visible far more intensely and closer to the equator than in the last two decades. This is a direct result of the increased solar activity. Space weather, and solar activity in particular, also creates additional challenges for satellites and satellite operators. Higher solar activity means more solar flares and stronger solar wind - resulting in a higher flux of charged particles that can damage or disrupt electrical components on satellites. It also means an increase in ionising radiation, resulting in a higher dose for astronauts and pilots, and potential disruptions to long-distance radio communications. But for satellites in low Earth orbit, the most consistent effect of solar activity is that the extra energy gets absorbed into the outer atmosphere, causing it to balloon outward. As a result, all satellites less than 1,000km from Earth experience a significant increase in <keyword id="23473319" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="atmospheric-drag" source="keywords">atmospheric drag</keyword>. This is a force that disrupts their orbit and causes them to fall towards the planet's surface. Notable satellites in this region include the International Space Station and the Starlink constellation. These satellites have thrusters to counteract this effect, but these corrections can be expensive. Low Earth orbit also contains many university satellites, such as the Binar CubeSats. Cube satellites are rarely equipped with tools that can adjust their altitude, so they're entirely at the mercy of space weather. <h2>What happened to Binar? </h2> The Binar Space Program is a satellite research program operating out of Curtin University. It aims to advance our understanding of the Solar System and lower the barrier for operating in space. The program began operations with its first satellite, Binar-1, in September 2021. This was less than a year into solar cycle 25 when solar activity was relatively low. In these conditions, the ten-centimetre cube satellite started at an altitude of 420km and survived a full 364 days in orbit. The program's follow-up mission - Binar-2, 3, and 4 - were three equally sized CubeSats. However, they were expected to last approximately six months owing to the extra surface area from new deployable solar arrays and a forecast increase in solar activity. Instead, they only made it to two months before burning up. While cube satellite missions are relatively cheap, the premature ending of a mission will always be costly. This is even more true for commercial satellites, highlighting the need for more accurate space weather forecasting. The good news is the Sun will calm down again. Despite the current unexpectedly high solar activity, it will likely slow down by 2026, and is expected to return to a solar minimum in 2030. While this was not an explicit goal of the mission, the Binar Space Program has now poignantly demonstrated the dramatic effects of solar activity on space operations. While the untimely loss of Binar-2, 3 and 4 was unfortunate, work has already begun on future missions. They are expected to launch into far more forgiving space weather. (The Conversation).

Right now, the Sun is far more active than predicted - and small satellites are paying the price

In a massive move for the country’s growing climate woes, India is aiming to control weather phenomena like rainfall, lightning, and hail within five years. Dubbed "<keyword id="23131560" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-Mausam" source="keywords">Mission Mausam</keyword>," this government-backed initiative includes the development of <keyword id="23148975" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mausam-GPT" source="keywords">Mausam GPT</keyword>, a weather AI model designed to enhance prediction accuracy and even manipulate the weather. This would make India one of the first countries to experiment with <keyword id="21369368" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="weather-modification" source="keywords">weather modification</keyword> on a significant scale. <h2>Mission Mausam</h2>India’s "Mission Mausam" aims to reshape the future of weather management by using technology to control rain. Over the next 18 months, the government will start with lab simulations to either enhance or suppress rainfall. The ultimate goal, as outlined by Earth Sciences Secretary M. Ravichandran, is to roll out full-scale weather modification within five years. He stated that the initiative could even target events like Independence Day, where “one can think about suppressing rain.” By deploying <keyword id="20644540" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cloud-seeding" source="keywords">cloud seeding</keyword> techniques alongside AI-driven weather prediction tools like "Mausam GPT," the mission seeks to significantly improve India’s ability to manage extreme weather conditions. A key aspect of the plan involves building a robust system of advanced radars, supercomputers, satellites with high-performance sensors, and GIS-based decision support systems. This cutting-edge tech is expected to boost India’s short- and medium-range weather forecasting accuracy by 5-10%, ensuring no event — such as cloudbursts — goes undetected. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113251187" title="India braces for an intensely harsh winter as La Niña takes hold" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>India is not new to weather manipulation efforts. The government has been running pilot projects, such as the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) in Maharashtra, to study cloud properties and enhance rainfall. <h2>Why is weather manipulation necessary and is it safe?</h2>Extreme weather events in India, like deadly floods, droughts, and hailstorms, have noticeably increased in frequency due to <keyword id="19907392" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="climate-change" source="keywords">climate change</keyword>. Mission Mausam could potentially give India an edge in combating these disasters. For example, imagine preventing a flood by suppressing rain or creating artificial rain during a drought. India’s investment of Rs 2,000 crore over two years certainly reflects the seriousness of the mission, which is expected to expand further as research progresses. However, weather modification, including cloud seeding, is not without controversy. Globally, cloud seeding has had limited success, with countries like the US, Russia, and China also experimenting with these methods but facing inconsistent results. Even former MoES Secretary Madhavan Rajeevan has noted that “the technology is complex” and still in its developmental stages. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112825937" title="Shivaji Maharaj Statue collapse: Identifying 5 reasons behind the accident" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Further, the potential downsides can't be ignored. While controlling the weather could save lives, meddling with natural processes is risky. Weather manipulation might have unintended ecological consequences, like shifting rainfall patterns that could harm ecosystems and agriculture. It may also pose geopolitical risks, as neighbouring countries could accuse India of altering weather systems that affect their own climates. Ultimately, while the idea of managing the weather may seem appealing, it opens up a Pandora’s box of environmental and ethical challenges that need careful consideration.

The Indian government is taking steps to control rainfall and weather within five years — is it too risky of a move?

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Deepmind's GraphCast AI can produce an accurate 10-day weather forecast in under a minute.</li><li>The Google-owned company's AI model is the first that can outperform conventional forecasters.</li></ul>New research has shown that an AI model developed by Google-owned Deepmind has outperformed traditional weather forecasters for the first time.The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi2336">peer-reviewed study</a>, published in the journal Science, said that Deepmind's GraphCast AI model "significantly outperformed" the conventional system for predicting the weather, which is run by the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast.The AI model can produce an accurate 10-day forecast in under a minute and represents "a turning point in weather forecasting," according to the paper."Weather prediction is one of the most challenging problems that humanity has been working on for a long, long time," Pushmeet Kohli, Deepmind's VP of research, told Business Insider."If you look at what has happened in the last few years with climate change, this is an incredibly important problem," he said.GraphCast is trained on 39 years of historical weather data from the ECMWF. According to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ft.com/content/ca5d655f-d684-4dec-8daa-1c58b0674be1">the Financial Times</a>, the research showed that GraphCast's three to 10 day weather predictions were more accurate than conventional forecasts. But Deepmind warned that the model did have some limitations compared to non-AI forecasts when dealing with the uncertainty inherent in longer-term weather forecasts.Speaking to the FT, the architects of the project said that GraphCast had been able to predict where Hurricane Lee, a powerful storm that hit North America earlier this year, would make landfall three days before traditional forecasters.ECMWF machine learning specialist Matthew Chantry told Insider that GraphCast represented "a significant and welcome step forward" for the industry.He told the FT that once trained on a wider variety of historical data, models such as GraphCast would prove to be much cheaper than current weather forecasting methods, which rely on powerful (and expensive) supercomputers."We might be talking about 1,000 times cheaper in terms of energy consumption," he said. "That is a miraculous improvement."

Deepmind's new AI could help forecast extreme weather faster

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Memorial Day weekend was marred by severe storms across the US.</li><li>More than 20 people died, and tornado warnings are in effect for Maryland, Texas, and other states.</li></ul>Memorial weekend is the unofficial <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stocks-forecasts-markets-summer-months-tough-performance-inflation-data-nvidia-2024-5">start of summer</a>, and this year it was marred by a series of severe weather incidents that scientists say could continue as temperatures rise.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/extreme-weather-blunts-the-us-militarys-technological-edge-2024-5">Severe weather</a>, including thunderstorms and tornados, swept across Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Kentucky over the holiday weekend, destroying buildings and killing over 20 people, according to the Associated Press. Andy Beshear, the governor of Kentucky, declared a state of emergency on Monday after five people died in the state from incidents associated with the severe weather.The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-tornado-alley-is-shifting-east-to-mississippi-tennessee-alabama-2023-4">storms moved</a> to the Northeast on Memorial Day, placing the Washington, DC, metropolitan area under a tornado watch on Monday evening. Parts of Texas, the Lower Great Lakes, and the Mid-Atlantic continue to be under a tornado watch for Tuesday, the National Weather Service said.The NWS warned of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-flash-flood-warning-how-to-stay-safe-vermont-2023-7">flash flooding</a> in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic region on Monday, and hail in the Southern Plains and Texas on Tuesday and possibly Wednesday.<div type="image" title="Semi truck damaged in Texas storm" height="683" width="1024" msid="110505030" hostid="261" sizebytes="60048"></div>Harold Brooks, a senior scientist at the National Severe Storms Laboratory in Norman, Oklahoma told the AP that a persistent pattern of warm, moist air is behind the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tornadoes-more-us-than-anywhere-else-world-2019-5">string of tornadoes</a> over the past two months.Sjoukje Philip, a researcher at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, said that while attributing <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-tornadoes-highlight-rising-risk-climate-change-supply-chains-2021-12">tornadoes to climate change</a> is not straightforward, there is a link."With <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-hurricanes-form-2018-9">hotter sea surface</a> temperatures, the air can hold more moisture. So I can also imagine that whenever there is precipitation, whether that's from a tornado or something else, there can be more rainfall, on shorter timescales. So that's a really clear relation," Philip told the AP.The series of storms comes as temperatures climb in parts of the US, including Texas, where weather forecasters predicted temperatures of up to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/texas-news/texas-breaks-temperature-records-amid-triple-digit-forecast-oklahoma-remains-under-tornado-threat/3551004/">120 degrees Fahrenheit this weekend</a> in some parts of the state. And just last week, in Mexico, temperatures got so hot that multiple <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/heat-wave-mexico-monkeys-falling-dead-trees-climate-change-extreme-2024-5">monkeys suffered heat stroke</a> and were dropping from trees like apples. Philip noted that 2023 was the hottest year on record and that average temperatures are expected to continue to rise, which could trigger more severe weather.

Memorial Day weekend marred by severe weather &mdash; and it's not over

<ul class="summary-list"><ul class="summary-list"><li>Weather apps are tech's sleeper hit.</li><li>Data shows we're addicted, even when they don't work that well.</li></ul></ul>What's the temperature right now, wherever you're reading this?Chances are you can answer with a decent level of confidence — even if you haven't left the house today — because we're all living our lives with mini digital weather bureaus in our pockets.The Guardian is <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/17/weather-apps-addiction-climate-crisis-anxiety">rather boldly reporting</a> that weather apps have become an "addiction." And these apps have become big business.According to a <a href="https://today.yougov.com/topics/health/articles-reports/2023/05/08/how-and-where-americans-get-information-weather">recent YouGov poll</a>, apps are the number one source for weather information among Americans, used by 53% of people. <a href="https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/weather-app-market-report#:~:text=The%20global%20weather%20app%20market,technology%20to%20improve%20their%20business">A report by market research company Grand View Research</a> valued the industry at over $800 million in 2022, and estimated it could grow to $1.4 billion by 2028. And yet as anyone who's been caught in a rainstorm with no umbrella knows, it's not really clear that these apps actually do their job all that well.Eric Floehr, who founded a company called ForecastWatch that analyzes weather forecasts, told The Guardian that while weather apps are overall more accurate than they used to be, they still suck at a lot of things, like certain types of long-term forecasting, or accurately predicting the weather for certain areas.At best, weather apps "perform about as well as meteorologists, but some of the most popular ones fare much worse," <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2023/04/weather-apps-forecast-predictions-information-overload/673648/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Charlie Warzel recently wrote</a> in The Atlantic.Still, there's a weather app for everyone: <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.williamking.whattheforecast&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sassy weather apps</a>, <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.grailr.carrotweather&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US" target="_blank" rel="noopener">irreverent weather apps</a>, <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/weather-fit-outfit-planner/id1194408342" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fashion-conscious weather apps</a>, <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id486154808?mt=8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">practical weather apps</a>, and <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.enzuredigital.weatherbomb&amp;hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">aesthetic weather apps</a>. And then there's the big gun: The Weather Channel app, which had over 55 million monthly active users in 2020 — more than the <a href="https://pressgazette.co.uk/media-audience-and-business-data/most-popular-news-apps-uk-us-2022/">most downloaded news app in the US</a>, NewsBreak, <a href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=c3cc1e994ded29a379ef155d4c13cd30ec9726a47a87a6444b4268db506be345&amp;postID=64b64a587e1bbd0b48533187&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2Fparticle-media-inc-%2Flife%2F6959a80f-a841-48ce-bbd0-f93a552fc432%2F">which reports it has 40 million</a>.And it's a smart business model. A weather app can use US government data (and many do, The Guardian reported) which is free to use for any purpose, <a href="https://www.weather.gov/documentation/services-web-api#:~:text=As%20a%20public%20service%20of,ensure%20that%20everyone%20has%20access">according to the National Weather Service's website</a>. They can then make money by <a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/gy77wy/stop-using-third-party-weather-apps">using your location data</a>, feeding in ads, or <a href="http://www.meetcarrot.com/weather/presskit.html">charging for fun add-ons</a> such as customization and sharing options. Weather apps are also able to avoid a lot of the controversy that surrounds other tech business models: they're not <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musks-twitter-plans-risk-more-scams-and-misinformation-experts-2022-11">dealing with a stream of misinformation</a> or <a href="https://www.insider.com/airbnb-bait-and-switch-scam-how-to-get-money-back-2023-2">scams</a>, or <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-48916828">harassment on their platforms that they need to moderate</a>, or a gig-economy model that raises <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/uber-driver-lost-uk-legal-battle-court-worker-rights-employment-2021-2">legal</a> and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-warehouse-raises-workers-leaked-documents-2022-10">ethical</a> considerations.Over-complicated social-media innovators <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-alternatives-social-media-discord-mastodon-hive-cohost-truth-2023-2">think they can win by creating the next Twitter</a>, but in this economy, perhaps they'd be better off creating the next weather channel instead.

In this economy, the winner is weather apps

<ul><li>Just as the Moon creates tides, it also moves the atmosphere along with Sun’s influence. </li><li>The Earth is making ‘music’ with vibrations that explode like the ringing of a bell, according to a new study published in the Journal of Atmospheric Sciences. </li><li>These atmospheric waves of music are moving across the globe at speeds faster than 1,000 kilometres per hour. </li><li>Scientists analysed more than 332,880 hours of the planet’s atmospheric movements to find the rhythm they were looking for. </li><li>Understanding how the Earth makes its ‘music’ could lead to more accurate <keyword id="424037" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Weather-Forecasting">weather forecasting</keyword> in the future. </li></ul>The Earth is marching to beat of its own drum as large scale waves of atmospheric pressure move across the globe and travel around the equator. Some go east-to-west while others move west-to-east. Each of these waves is moving across the planet faster than 1,000 kilometres per hour. The Earth’s musical tones are not conventional. We can’t hear them but the fact that the planet’s entire atmosphere vibrates in an analogous fashion was theorised for centuries, but it has now been confirmed by the scientists at the <a href="https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2020/07/08/ringing-of-global-atmosphere/?utm_campaign=fullarticle&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_source=inshorts">University of Hawaii</a>. <div type="image" title="earth gif" msid="76910513" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Animation of pressure patterns for four individual wave modes&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> “Our identification of so many modes in real data shows that the atmosphere is indeed ringing like a bell,” said Kevin Hamilton, one of the co-authors of the study published in <a href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/jas/article/77/7/2519/347483/An-Array-of-Ringing-Global-Free-Modes-Discovered">Journal of Atmospheric Sciences</a>. A better understanding of Earth’s music means a better understanding of its climate to improve <keyword id="9557698" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="weather-prediction-models">weather prediction models</keyword> in the future. The Earth and its rhythm We may not hear the Earth’s music but each of the waves travelling across the globe is a resonant vibration of the global atmosphere — just like the sounds that are produced when a bell is rung. "For these rapidly moving wave modes, our observed frequencies and global patterns match those theoretically predicted very well," explained Takatoshi Sakazaki, the lead author of the paper. In order to prove these wave patterns, the scientists have furnished a detailed description of observed atmospheric pressure over the globe every hour for the last 38 years. That’s 332,880 hours of the Earth’s music being recorded in the atmospheric reanalysis dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) — ERA5. What's the Moon got to do with it? Just as the Moon tugs at our planet's seas to create tidal waves in the ocean, it also pulls at our atmosphere along with the Sun, creating waves in the sky. The only difference is that these atmospheric waves don't slosh around the same way ocean waves do. But if you know what to look for, you can see them in moving pockets of more tightly packed air, which are thousands of kilometres long. The scientists identified some of the wave sets as Rossby waves powered by inertia and others Kelvin wave — ones that balance the Earth's Coriolis force against a topographic boundary such as a coastline. Going forward, the team of researchers plan to study these waves further in order to figure out what excites them or what makes them go silent. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/pink-climate-change-is-changing-the-color-of-mountains-and-lake-across-the-world/slidelist/76908517.cms">Pink is the shade of climate change with mountains and lakes changing colour across the globe</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/remdesivir-linked-to-reduced-risk-of-death-in-severe-covid-19-patients/articleshow/76909632.cms">Remdesivir linked to reduced risk of death in severe Covid-19 patients</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/news/a-columbia-scientists-new-and-powerful-weapon-against-the-coronavirus-destroys-particles-using-uv-light-without-harming-people/articleshow/76909845.cms">A Columbia scientist's 'new and powerful weapon' against the coronavirus destroys particles using UV light without harming people</a>

The Earth is making 'music' at speeds faster than 1,000 kilometres an hour

London, Jul 2 () Scientists have employed methods normally used to forecast weather to predict how rapidly COVID-19 could spread in different countries as lockdown is eased, as well as assess the effectiveness of measures put in place. An international team, including meteorologists from the University of Reading in the UK, applied data assimilation, a technique that combines multiple sources of information to estimate how a situation will develop over time, to the pandemic. The study, submitted to the journal Foundations of Data Science, suggests it is possible to make reasonably accurate predictions of how easing measures might affect the spread of the virus up to two weeks in advance. This technique is usually used to pair computer simulations with real weather observations to forecast future weather, the researchers said. "A key result from this work is that we can estimate accurately how the reproductive (R) number varies in time in response to implementing or loosing up various mitigation measures," said Professor Geir Evensen, from the NORCE: Norwegian Research Centre, who led the study. R number is the number of people a person with COVID-19 is likely to infect. Previous computer model forecasts can be tested against the subsequent weather data to help make future short-term predictions more accurate, the researchers said. When applied to the novel coronavirus, observations including hospital admissions, the number of patients in intensive care, and the number of daily deaths can be combined with models calculating risk of vulnerability, exposure, infection and death, according to the researchers. "Most data is uncertain to some degree, but combining as much of it as possible from different sources can iron out some of this uncertainty when predicting future events," said Javier Amezcua, one of three Reading scientists that worked on the study. "Meteorologists use this method all the time to understand and forecast natural processes like weather, but its uses extend beyond that," Amezcua said. The study allows estimations to be made of how situations will develop in different scenarios, and can be used to create longer-term forecasts, the researchers said. This means it could be useful to predict the impact changes of lockdown policies, such as reopening schools and shops or increasing permitted socialising, might have on the spread of infections, they said. The team applied the technique to estimate coronavirus spread in eight different countries around the world -- England, France, the Netherlands, Norway, the US, Canada, Brazil and Argentina -- which have all seen the virus spread in different ways. SAR SAR

You Searched For "weather forecasting and research" and got 8 results

Earth through Indian eye in the sky: ISRO’s meteorological satellite INSAT-3DS unveils its first batch of images

Kunal Kambli

Right now, the Sun is far more active than predicted - and small satellites are paying the price

PTI

The Indian government is taking steps to control rainfall and weather within five years — is it too risky of a move?

Ankush Banerjee

Deepmind's new AI could help forecast extreme weather faster

Tom Carter

Memorial Day weekend marred by severe weather and it's not over

Kaja Whitehouse

In this economy, the winner is weather apps

Sirena Bergman

The Earth is making 'music' at speeds faster than 1,000 kilometres an hour

Prabhjote Gill

Scientists use weather forecasting technique to predict COVID-19 spread

PTI

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