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New Delhi, Loaded with more fuel, a slew of fail-safe measures and a bigger landing site, the <keyword id="116095" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-space-research-organisation" source="Orion">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) is set to make yet another attempt to land on the moon with the launch of <keyword id="8011274" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-3" source="Orion">Chandrayaan-3</keyword> on Friday. Chandrayaan-3, set for lift-off at 2:35 pm on Friday, will be a follow-up mission after the crash-landing of Chandrayaan-2 in September 2019 due to a software glitch. <keyword id="14657097" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO-Chairman-S-Somanath" source="Orion">ISRO Chairman S Somanath</keyword> on Monday shared minute details about what went wrong with the <keyword id="7864315" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vikram-lander" source="Orion">Vikram lander</keyword> of Chandrayaan-2 as it went hurtling down towards the identified 500m x 500 m landing spot on the lunar surface with the engines designed to reduce its velocity developing higher thrust than expected. "The primary issues were, one we had five engines which were used to give the reduction of the velocity, which is called the retardation. These engines developed higher thrust than what was expected," he told reporters here on the sidelines of India Space Congress organised by SIA India. Somanath said that when such a higher thrust was happening, the errors on account of this differential were accumulated over some period. "All the errors got accumulated, which was on the higher side than what we had expected. The craft had to make very fast turns. When it started to turn very fast, its ability to turn was limited by the software, because we never expected such high rates to come. This was the second issue," the ISRO chief said. He said the third reason for failure was the small 500m x 500m site identified for landing the spacecraft. "The craft was trying to reach there by increasing the velocity. It was almost close to the ground and kept on increasing the velocity," Somanath said. He said instead of success-based design in Chandrayaan-2, the space agency opted for a failure-based design in Chandrayaan-3. "We expanded the area of landing from 500m x 500m to four km by 2.5 km. It can land anywhere, so it doesn't limit you to target a specific point. It will target a specific point only in nominal conditions. So, if the performance is poor, it can land anywhere within that area," Somanath said. He said the Chandrayaan-3 also has more fuel so that it has more capability to travel or handle dispersion or move to an alternate landing site. "We looked at very many failures - sensor failure, engine failure, algorithm failure, calculation failure. So, whatever be the failure we want it to land at the required speed and rate. So, there are different failure scenarios calculated and programmed inside," Somanath said. The ISRO chief said the Vikram lander now has additional solar panels on other surfaces to ensure that it generates power no matter how it lands. "We asked if it lands with higher velocity, what will happen? Can it not land? Then we increased the vertical velocity component from 2 m/s to 3 m/s and tested it totally," he said. The spacecraft was also tested for ability to withstand vibrations by flying it over different terrains using a helicopter, while cranes were used to test the landing processes, he said. "We did new test beds for simulation, which was not there last time. This was to look at failure scenarios," Somanath said.

Chandrayaan-3 to take it giant leap on Friday with more fuel & fail-safe measures

<ul><li><keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>'s lander, Vikram, has been spotted on the Moon using a thermal camera abroad the orbiter.</li><li>The lander is still silent.</li><li>"It must have been a <keyword id="708451" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="hard-landing">hard landing</keyword>," said <keyword id="6361773" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro-chairman-k-sivan">ISRO Chairman K Sivan</keyword>.</li></ul>All isn't lost for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The lunar lander, Vikram, which was thought to be lost after communication went down — has been spotted. The next 14 days will determine whether or not ISRO can actually communicate with the lander. The longer Vikram is silent, the harder it will be establish contact. If ISRO is unable to make contact before the deadline, it's unlikely to have the lunar lander up and running because after 14 days, the lunar night will set in for the next 14 days . This means the lander won't be able to charge itself using its solar panels. Chandrayaan 2's orbiter, which is circling the Moon's poles, ISRO was able to pinpoint the lander's position with the Thermal Mapping Camera 2 (TMC-2). "We've found the location of Vikram Lander on lunar surface and orbiter has clicked a thermal image of the lander. But there is no communication yet. We are trying to have contact. It will be communicated soon," said ISRO chairman, K Sivan. The only thing is, Chandrayaan 2's <keyword id="943223" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="soft-landing">soft landing</keyword> might have ended up a hard one instead. A soft landing is when a spacecraft gently lowers itself onto the surface, keeping itself intact. A hard landing is also when the spacecraft meets the surface — by crashing into in or at least damaging itself in some way. ISRO has not yet confirmed if the lander has been damaged but Sivan told PTI, "It must have been a hard-landing." It's not just the fate of the lander than hangs in the balance but also the rover — Pragyaan — that's onboard the lander. Holding onto hope ISRO lost communication with Vikram in the wee hours of the morning on 7 September 2019. The mission control operations center was grim and Sivan was distraught. 
 <div type="image" title="0E2981D9-1DE0-4E4D-8BEB-D9A11E0B371A_edited" msid="71035752" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Distraught ISRO Chairman, K Sivan, breaks down in front on the Indian Prime Minister Nardendra Modi&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 Despite looking to make contact with the lander, Sivan said the mission is 95% successful since the landing only failed 2.1 kilometers from the lunar surface — seconds before touchdown. He added that the lunar orbiter is still circling the Moon and will continue to do so for another seven and a half years. Experts believe that ISRO will spend the next 14 days trying to contact the lander to hopes to getting it to work.

Chandrayaan 2 definitely reached the Moon but might have 'hard' news in store

<ul><li>An Indian techie, Shanmuga Subramanian helped <keyword id="6360409" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> spot Vikram Lander on Moon’s surface. </li><li>He scoured the pictures taken by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC), NASA and Arizona State University announced on Monday confirming the find. </li><li>In September, ISRO lost contact with the lander when it was attempting to soft-land near the moon’s South Pole. </li></ul>Meet Shanmuga Subramanian, 33, who is now being hailed a ‘tech wizard’ for helping NASA find the debris of Vikram Lander on the moon. He scoured the pictures taken by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC), NASA and Arizona State University announced on <a href="http://businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-finds-isros-chandrayaan-2-vikram-lander-crash-site/articleshow/72341436.cms">Monday confirming the find</a>. “I didn’t use any tools, only used my laptop to scan images,” said Subramanian who claimed to be a ‘big fan of ISRO’. He also told in a television interview that he never missed an ISRO launch. In September, ISRO lost contact with the lander when it was attempting to soft-land near the moon’s South Pole. "Subramanian contacted the LRO project with positive identification of debris. After receiving this tip, the LROC team confirmed the identification by comparing-- before and after images," said NASA in a statement. “I hope this inspires a lot of amateur space enthusiasts. I found one piece of the Vikram lander and based on that NASA found the other parts. I hope ISRO will have a successful Chandrayaan 3,” said Subramanian while speaking on a TV channel. Today, the US space agency officially tweeted an image of the debris that was spotted on the moon’s surface. 
	
	<div type="twitter" handle="NASA" handlename="NASA" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1091070803184177153/TI2qItoi_normal.jpg" favoritecount="7906" retweetcount="3130" status="The #Chandrayaan2 Vikram lander has been found by our @NASAMoon mission, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. See the… https://t.co/niHBT1STV2" createdat="1575318157000" id="1201597561720725506"></div>





 Just three hours after NASA’s Tweet, Subramanian identified himself on Twitter and spelt out the details. As expected, it went viral. And India’s most social media friendly industrialist <keyword id="46425" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Anand-Mahindra">Anand Mahindra</keyword> shared the viral tweet and engaged in a banter with a person trying to discredit him. 
	
	<div type="twitter" handle="Ramanean" handlename="Shan" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/822653796950167552/6RNnZRVf_normal.jpg" favoritecount="10209" retweetcount="3913" status="@NASA has credited me for finding Vikram Lander on Moon's surface #VikramLander #Chandrayaan2 @timesofindia… https://t.co/NJPPTr4aBP" createdat="1575327690000" id="1201637543394983936"></div>




 Subramanian also shared a screenshot from the mail he received from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission (LROC), saying that he will be given due credit for his findings. “The debris first located by Shanmuga is about 750 meters northwest of the main crash site and was a single bright pixel identification in that first mosaic (1.3 meter pixels, 84° incidence angle). The November mosaic shows best the impact crater, ray and extensive debris field. The three largest pieces of debris are each about 2x2 pixels and cast a one pixel shadow,” wrote NASA. 
	
	<div type="twitter" handle="Ramanean" handlename="Shan" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/822653796950167552/6RNnZRVf_normal.jpg" favoritecount="430" retweetcount="140" status="@LRO_NASA @NASA @isro @NASA @LRO_NASA @isro This might be Vikram lander's crash site (Lat:-70.8552 Lon:21.71233 )… https://t.co/rJ3NixMmqy" createdat="1574001967000" id="1196077057928622080"></div>





 The American space agency’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LRCO) tried to locate Vikram earlier in September as well but the light conditions were too harsh for an accurate image. 
 
 <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="72341436" title="Space enthusiast helps NASA locate Vikram lander's crash site on the moon" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>

Meet the 33-year-old Chennai techie who spotted Vikram Lander on Moon’s surface and alerted NASA

<ul><li>According to United Nations, in India women make up only 14% of the workforce in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math).</li><li>To address this gap, <keyword id="113080" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="olay" source="Orion">Olay</keyword> India has launched a campaign and will also fund STEM scholarships for girls across India in partnership with edtech platform <keyword id="23204" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lead" source="Orion">LEAD</keyword>, powering 3000+ schools to deliver international standard education to 1.2 million+ students.</li></ul> Olay India is committing to help close the gender gap in STEM. With the launch of its initiative #STEMTheGap, the brand has unveiled a hard-hitting film highlighting how our unconscious biases teach girls that STEM is not for them and invites us to collectively address this to #STEMTheGap. Beyond this, the brand is taking action and has announced that it is funding STEM scholarships for girls across India in partnership with edtech platform LEAD, powering 3000+ schools to deliver international standard education to 1.2 million+ students. <div type="Youtube" id="7Js8mEkhYyU" title="OLAY #STEMTheGap - It's Time to Change the Equation" thumbUrl="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7Js8mEkhYyU/mqdefault.jpg"></div> Rooted in cultural barriers and stereotypical gender roles, women are often stereotyped as caregivers or homemakers and restricted in their fields of study to teaching, nursing, fine arts and home economics amongst the like. While there has been an increase in the number of STEM jobs in India, in order to participate effectively in future jobs, Indian girls should be encouraged to pursue STEM education. Putting the spotlight on the STEM gap in India, Olay has launched a purpose-driven brand initiative thereby enabling more girls to fearlessly pursue STEM careers. Created in partnership with <keyword id="12923313" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="publicis-pgone-singapore" source="Orion">Publicis PGONE Singapore</keyword>, Olay’s film highlights how young girls are talked down upon when it comes to pursuing STEM interests and careers instead of the conventional roles framed by age-old societal norms. Showcasing different scenarios across the country where girls who are interested in taking up STEM careers are on the receiving end of bias, the film narrates examples of a girl who is told to not do a task only because her clothes might get dirty, a teacher assuming that a science project was done by a male peer, a young girl encouraged to dress up as a princess rather than her preference of a robot, or a girl who is complimented as becoming a ‘star’ celebrity rather than an astronaut for a future profession. Olay, therefore, steps in with an aim to #STEMTheGap and ends the film with the announcement of funding STEM scholarships for girls across India through their partnership with LEAD. Speaking on the #STEMTheGap initiative, <keyword id="12923311" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="priyali-kamath" source="Orion">Priyali Kamath</keyword>, Senior Vice President, Skin &amp; Personal Care – Asia Pacific, Middle East &amp; Africa, <keyword id="6361491" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="procter-gamble" source="Orion">Procter &amp; Gamble</keyword> (<keyword id="47120" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pg" source="Orion">P&amp;G</keyword>) said, “Olay is a brand deeply rooted in science, and with 50% of our scientists being women, we know that girls have the potential to become amazing scientists. With more and more jobs becoming STEM-based, we believe it’s our collective responsibility to prepare girls for the jobs of the future. That is why we are committed to helping close the gender gap in STEM. We are delighted to have created such a heart-warming yet thought-provoking film that stitches together different everyday scenarios to highlight the underlying gender bias that prevails in our society. Beyond this, our scholarship program with LEAD is already making a real and meaningful difference today, and we are excited to be part of driving a positive future for girls in India. Together, let’s #STEMTheGap.” Publicis PGONE Singapore spokesperson, <keyword id="12923312" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ajay-vikram" source="Orion">Ajay Vikram</keyword>, Chief Creative Officer – Global Clients, <keyword id="4358739" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="publicis-singapore" source="Orion">Publicis Singapore</keyword> said, “When you think of a critical but challenging goal like achieving gender parity in STEM, it’s easy to think ‘but what does it have to do with me?’ The fact is, the current gap between boys and girls lies not in their abilities, but in our minds. We can all play a part in narrowing this gap by being more aware and conscious of our everyday biases and societal blind spots, and in encouraging others to do the same. Systemic change begins with you and me.” Olay believes the future of our girls depends on what we teach them now, yet there is still a long way to go for equal access to education. That’s why the brand is taking action to support girls’ STEM education in India, launching its STEM scholarship program for girls in partnership with LEAD. Since 2021, Olay is sponsoring tuition fees, as well as tablets and data packs for girls across 6 states in India. The 360-degree campaign has been launched on connected TV and digital platforms and will further be amplified through various other media.

Olay’s latest campaign addresses the gender gap in STEM, will fund STEM scholarships for girls across India in partnership with LEAD

<ul><li>Officials at the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> claim that Chandrayaan 2's lunar lander, Vikram, is still intact — but it's tilted.</li><li>ISRO has 14 days to re-establish contact with the lander before the lunar night sets in. </li><li>ISRO chairman K Sivan stated, "It was a hard landing."</li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has spotted Chandrayaan 2's lunar lander on the Moon. It is located about 500 meters away from the designated landing site. But, rather than landing in an upright position, the lander is 'tilted', according to the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/pictures-of-moon-and-earth-by-chandrayaan-2-lander-and-orbiter/articleshow/71015068.cms">image captured</a> by the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2s-orbiter-has-seven-and-a-half-years-to-scan-the-surface-of-the-moon/articleshow/71027327.cms">orbiter</a>'s Terrain Mapping Camera-2 (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/Indias-second-mission-to-the-moon-will-use-these-14-high-tech-instruments-to-look-for-water/Terrain-Mapping-Camera-2-TMC-2/slideshow/69868222.cms">TMC-2</a>). "The lander is there as a single piece, not broken into pieces. It's in a tilted position," an official from ISRO told <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-not-losing-hope-continues-to-make-all-out-efforts-to-restore-link-with-lander-vikram/articleshow/71045854.cms">PTI</a>. Can't move the lander With other spacecrafts, it's possible to reorient them. Vikram, on the other hand, has <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/moon-landing-drama-play-by-play-of-isro-losing-communication-with-chandrayaan-2s-lander/articleshow/71018307.cms">already landed</a> and there's no way to get it back off the ground. "It must have been a hard landing," <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2s-lander-vikram-found-on-the-moon-but-isro-suspects-hard-landing/articleshow/71035718.cms">ISRO Chairman K Sivan</a> told reporters on Sunday. But ISRO isn't ruling out the possibility of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-fails-in-the-final-seconds-of-descent-to-moons-south-pole/articleshow/71018196.cms">establishing communications</a> with Vikram. They just need the antennas onboard the lander to either point towards the ground station or the orbiter in order to send or receive signals. "Such operation is extremely difficult. At the same time, chances are good and we will have to keep our fingers crossed," stated the ISRO official. On a 14 day deadline ISRO has 14 days to re-establish contact with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vikram-chandrayaan-2s-lander-as-it-lands-on-the-moon/articleshow/71008396.cms">Vikram</a> before the lunar night sets in for another 14 days. The longer they wait, the higher the probability of losing Vikram altogether. The reason being that Vikram is primarily powered using solar panels. Without the sun to generate energy, the lander won't be able to operate. Vikram has internal batteries as well, but they're reportedly "not used much". The lander being knocked out also bears bad news for its payloads and the rover, Pragyaan, which is currently boxed up inside Vikram. Pragyaan can only exclusively send signals to the lander, which has the capability to relay information back to Earth. Hence, loss of communication with the lander automatically implies loss of communication with Pragyaan. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vikram-chandrayaan-2s-lander-as-it-lands-on-the-moon/articleshow/71008396.cms">Everything you need to know about Vikram, Chandrayaan 2's lander, as it lands on the Moon</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/pictures-of-moon-and-earth-by-chandrayaan-2-lander-and-orbiter/articleshow/71015068.cms">IN PICS: All pictures clicked by Chandrayaan 2's lander — Vikram</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2s-lander-vikram-found-on-the-moon-but-isro-suspects-hard-landing/articleshow/71035718.cms">Chandrayaan 2 definitely reached the Moon but might have 'hard' news in store</a>

ISRO has 14 days to contact Chandrayaan 2's 'tilted' but intact lander

<ul><li>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman K Sivan believes Chandrayaan 2’s soft landing on the Moon will be the ‘most terrifying’ 15 minutes for the agency. </li><li>Chandrayaan 2’s lander, Vikram, is going to be landing in uncharted territory between two craters. </li><li>Only 33% of all soft landing attempts on the Moon has been successful. </li><li>Israel was the most recent country to attempt a landing on the Moon but crashed into the lunar surface instead. </li></ul>Over the last two weeks, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-is-not-just-looking-for-water-on-the-moon/articleshow/70974829.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a> has been inching closer to the Moon. On 2 September 2019, the lander — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vikram-chandrayaan-2s-lander-as-it-lands-on-the-moon/articleshow/71008396.cms">Vikram</a> — detached itself from the orbiter to start heading towards the Moon’s South Pole. On 7 September 2019, Vikram will finally <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/where-and-how-to-watch-chandrayaan-2s-moon-landing-live-tonight/articleshow/71005746.cms">attempt to soft land on the lunar surface</a>. It will the southernmost landing on the Moon in human history. But, it won’t be easy. Here’s why Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman K Sivan believes that it will be the ‘most terrifying’ 15 minutes for the team on the ground: Chandrayaan 2 has to pull off a landing in uncharted territory 
	<div type="image" title="vikramlandingsite" msid="71011235" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chandrayaan 2 landing site&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 No other country has ever been to this far south on the Moon before. The lunar <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">South Pole</a>, unlike its northern counterpart, has an abundance of craters. The craters may hold the key to a lot of unanswered questions about the Moon but they also make for a treacherous landing site. The probability of obstacles getting in the way is much higher. Only 33% of attempted soft landing on the Moon have been successful 
	<div type="image" title="D05MhqlX0AAOouT" msid="71011308" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Israel‘s first attempt at landing an unmanned spacecraft on the Moon, Beresheet, ended in a hard landingafter an engine failure caused it to miss its descent window&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 There have been 38 attempts to land on the moon but only 33% of those have actually been successful. Israel was the most recent country to attempt a landing on the Moon but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasa-photographed-the-crash-site-of-israels-failed-moon-lander-and-its-not-pretty/articleshow/69346968.cms">crashed</a> into the lunar surface instead. SpaceIL is already working on its second attempt with Beresheet 2 spacecraft. Only three countries have ever successfully landed on the Moon 
	<div type="image" title="ezgif-2-750c2967006a_edited" msid="71011367" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;Image of the moon taken by China&amp;#39;s lunar rover on the far side of the Moon&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 US, Russia and China are the only countries to have successfully soft landed on the Moon so far. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chinas-lunar-rover-does-what-indias-chandrayaan-2-is-hoping-to-do-on-the-moons-south-pole/articleshow/70942638.cms">China’s milestone</a> was being the first country to land on the far side of the moon. If India is successful, it will join their league and be the first country to land near the Moon’s South Pole. Chandrayaan 2 has a back up plan 
	<div type="image" title="crater" msid="71011415" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mazinus C crater near the Moon&amp;#39;s South Pole&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 Vikram, Chandrayaan’s lander, is planning to land in flat region between the Manzimus C and Simplelius N craters. The primary site for landing Vikram is 70.9 degrees south and 22.7 degrees east. In case the site is not optimal when the lander reaches, ISRO has a secondary landing site around 1.6 kilometers away — but it will only have mere seconds to rise and move over to the new spot. Nailing the landing 
	<div type="image" title="vikram4_edited" msid="71011449" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chandrayaan 2&amp;#39;s lander needs to land perfectly in order to not tip over&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 Vikram has to be at an exact angle of 12 degrees as it descends onto the Moon. Anything less or more could result in Vikram rolling over as it touches down. If Vikram doesn’t stand in an upright position, it won’t be able to deploy its instruments or let Pragyaan, the rover, out to roam the Moon’s surface. Is the lander strong enough? 
	<div type="image" title="vikram" msid="71011469" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Vikram lander has been tested and approved to be fit enough for the mission&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 One of the reasons of Chandrayaan 2’s many delayed launched was injuries to Vikram’s legs during one of the tests. ISRO later confirmed that the lander was fit and had passed all the necessary tests and parameters for the mission. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/heres-why-chandrayaan-2-is-landmark-moon-mission-for-india/articleshow/69842571.cms">India's second moon mission Chandrayaan 2 that will cost ₹10 billion will break new records</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-india-moon-mission-14-high-tech-instruments-to-look-for-water/articleshow/69867398.cms">India’s second mission to the moon will use these 14 high-tech instruments to look for water</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-puts-india-on-moon-south-pole-ahead-of-america-russia-china/articleshow/70212854.cms">India's Chandrayaan 2 takes the lead ahead of America, Russia, and China as the first of many missions to the Moon's South Pole</a>

Here's why Chandrayaan 2's soft landing on the Moon will be the '15 most terrifying minutes' for ISRO

The Indian tourists have matured in their choice of holiday destinations since the last decade. While Indians still love hop on a plane and fly to traditional European destinations such as UK, Paris, Rome, Venice, the young Indian traveler is a tad different. 
 
He is not looking at exploring the urban streets of London or the romantic lanes of Paris but history of Eastern Europe definitely attracts him. 
 “Its primarily that a lot of young Indians have already travelled to these traditional destinations such as Paris, Rome, UK,” says <keyword id="788001" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vikram-Malhi">Vikram Malhi</keyword>, managing director, Asia at <keyword id="354768" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Expedia">Expedia</keyword>. 
 
However, he adds that these countries continue to remain the top foreign destinations for many Indians. “But there are a lot of other European destinations that are picking up rapidly,” notes Malhi. 
 
BI India lists down four such upcoming tourist hot-spots that are fast gaining the fancy of Indian traveler. 
 
<keyword id="6357856" type="COUNTRY" weightage="20" keywordseo="greece">Greece</keyword> 
 
Do we need to say why this country tops our list? The economic crisis of this EU country actually helped it in getting a large number of Indian tourists to flock the place. Beautiful with a rich history, the country is being increasingly visited by Indian travellers. Cheap hotel rates and visa on arrival for Indian tourists are two factors that have made these international destinations attractive to the Indians travelling abroad. 
 
<keyword id="106735" type="COUNTRY" weightage="20" keywordseo="latvia">Latvia</keyword> 
 
The Balkan country is all out to attract the cash rich Indian tourist. The beautiful landscape, cultural diversity all have been leveraged to attract the Indian globe-trotter. Besides the fact that major European destination such as UK, Paris have been frequented by Indians from ages, also worked in its favour. “We have seen this country picking up some traction this summer,” says Malhi. 
 
Spain 
 
Zoya Akhtar’s 2011 blockbuster Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara did the magic for this country. The scenic beauty of the country along with adventure activities such as sky-diving, deep sea diving, flamenco dancing, skydiving and bull fighting has been attracting Indian tourists since the movie’s release in 2011. 
 
Scandinavian countries 
 
Scandinavian countries such as Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland have also been picking up among Indian tourists. “Large majority of young tourists are looking for a thrilling experience in a new country in a new environment. Besides, the currency factor also played an important role as the Euro was weak, which made these destinations accessible for Indian travellers,” says Malhi. 
 
Image credit: Indiatimes.com

Planning a
trip to Europe? Read on to know the upcoming European destinations for Indian
travellers!

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Intuitive Machines' uncrewed Odysseus moon landing <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intuitive-machines-ceo-safety-switch-almost-lost-odysseus-moon-landing-2024-2">almost failed due to a single safety switch</a>.</li><li>Other moon-landing attempts have crashed or burned due to leaky valves or software glitches.</li></ul><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-moon-landings-on-lunar-south-pole-crashed-2023-8">Landing on the moon is so difficult</a> that, until last year, only three nations had ever done it without crashing. Recently, India, Japan, and one private company — Intuitive Machines — have joined their ranks.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intuitive-machines-im-1-odysseus-moon-lunar-landing-mission-nasa-2024-2">Intuitive Machines' moon landing</a> on Thursday was particularly significant, returning the US to the lunar surface for the first time in nearly 52 years and softly landing the first commercial spacecraft on the moon.But the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-intuitive-machines-moon-landing-attempt-after-astrobotic-fail-2024-2">mission</a> narrowly avoided the same fate as several lunar-landing attempts before it: death by small engineering error.The Houston-based company's uncrewed Odysseus lander was almost lost to one of the tiniest possible mistakes. A safety switch that should have been switched off before <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vulcan-peregrine-us-mission-first-land-moon-astrobotic-human-remains-2024-1">launch</a> was left on instead, effectively disabling the navigation system that was supposed to guide the robot to a safe landing spot.<div type="image" title="fisheye view of lunar surface with moon lander legs in the foreground" height="800" width="600" msid="108055483" hostid="261" sizebytes="27018"></div>With less than two hours to go before landing, Intuitive Machines engineers frantically whipped up a new navigation system. They reprogrammed the spacecraft to instead use the laser technology from a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-made-oxygen-out-of-thin-air-on-mars-2023-9">NASA experiment</a> it was carrying to the moon. The experiment wasn't meant to land the spacecraft, but it worked in a pinch.At the last second, though, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-india-moon-landing-cost-cheap-compared-to-nasa-russia-2023-8">lander</a> tipped over and settled on its side. That seems to be unrelated to the errant safety switch.<div type="image" title="moon lander model small figurine laying sideways on a table propped on a small blue mini of itself with a torso in a suit in the background seated at the table with hands folded next to a microphone" height="712" width="1262" msid="108055484" hostid="261" sizebytes="22606"></div>"<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/william-shatner-jeff-bezos-blue-origin-spaceflight-funeral-2022-10">Spaceflight</a> is hard. A million things have to go right, and if one thing goes wrong, you can still have a failure," Trent Martin, vice president of space systems at Intuitive Machines, said in a NASA press briefing in January, weeks before Odysseus launched.Indeed, several robotic moon landing attempts have crashed or otherwise malfunctioned in the last few years. Overall, only about <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/success-rate-of-lunar-missions-is-a-little-over-50-as-per-nasa-database/articleshow/101774227.cms">50% of lunar landing missions succeed</a>.In each recent case, failure comes down to tiny engineering details — of a million steps, just one going wrong. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mind-boggling-nasa-photo-shows-moon-distance-from-earth-2022-10">Photos</a> from those missions show just how important the little things are in spaceflight.<h2>Astrobotic's lander may have succumbed to one leaky valve</h2>Sometimes all it takes to kill a moon landing is one small piece of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-delayed-nasa-launch-red-nail-polish-blocking-rocket-engines-2020-10">subpar hardware</a>.Just a month before Intuitive Machines triumphed, Astrobotic — another US company <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-lands-4-astronauts-for-nasa-spaceflight-record-2021-4">working with NASA</a> to reach the moon — failed.Just hours after launch, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astrobotic-moon-lander-leaking-fuel-after-launch-threatening-mission-2024-1">Astrobotic's Peregrine lander began leaking fuel</a>. When it beamed its first photo back to Earth, it showed the lander's insulation crumpling.<div type="image" title="Photo of dented Multi-Layer Insulation on board the Peregrine mission." height="1080" width="1920" msid="108055526" hostid="261" sizebytes="56992"></div>Astrobotic said the most likely cause was a valve failing to reseal in the fuel-tank system. That small failure was enough to drain the lander's fuel, cause the crumpling in the photo, and ultimately <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-astrobotic-peregrine-anomaly-sift-error-software-testing-2024-1">doom the mission</a>.Landing on the moon had become impossible, Astrobotic decided, so <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-moon-lander-peregrine-burn-up-earth-atmosphere-satellite-astrobotic-2024-1">Peregrine burned up in Earth's atmosphere</a> instead.<h2>3 moon crashes show how time is compressed in the final '15 minutes of terror'</h2>Especially in the final stages of descent, there is almost no room for error in a moon landing.That's what India learned from its first attempt to land on the moon, in 2019. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-india-israel-failed-moon-landings-failed-final-descent-2019-9">The Vikram lander crashed into the moon</a> because it slowed down more quickly than its braking system had been programmed to accommodate, <a target="_blank" href="https://spacenews.com/new-details-emerge-about-failed-lunar-landings/">SpaceNews</a> later reported.NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) later discovered Vikram's remains scattered across the lunar surface.<div type="image" title="lunar surface area with blue and green dots indicating vikram lander crash debris spread long over several kilometers" height="1041" width="1041" msid="108055527" hostid="261" sizebytes="227012"></div>In those final stages, a spacecraft is completely on its own. There is no time for mission operators to respond to fresh data from the spacecraft, write new commands, and beam them back to the moon."Time gets greatly compressed," Robert Braun, the space exploration lead at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, previously told Business Insider. "There's very little margin to try something again if it didn't happen as planned."That's why Kailasavadivoo Sivan, who was India's space program director at the time, has called this final phase "15 minutes of terror."Last year <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/japanese-company-ispace-fears-moon-probe-crash-landed-2023-4">Japanese company ispace also lost its moon lander</a> in those final stages, just a few miles above the lunar surface, due to a software glitch. LRO spotted that lander in pieces, too:<div type="image" title="gif flashing between before and after images of the lunar surface show the appearance of four spots of debris from a lunar lander crash" height="985" width="985" msid="108055528" hostid="261" sizebytes="47310"></div>"Once you initiate a landing sequence, you're committed. It's kind of like jumping out of a plane," Braun said. "Your parachute has to work."The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tardigrades-on-moon-spacecraft-beresheet-likely-still-alive-2019-8">Beresheet lander, by Israeli nonprofit SpaceIL</a>, also went into freefall during the critical final stages of its landing in 2019. One computer command led to a cascade of technical glitches that made its main engine fail. LRO spotted its wreckage, too:<div type="image" title="israel beresheet private moon lander crash site nasa lunar reconnaissance orbiter lro labeled" height="1207" width="1200" msid="108055529" hostid="261" sizebytes="189456"></div><h2>Japan's upside-down moon landing survived a major failure</h2>Japan's <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jaxas-slim-spacecraft-japan-first-moon-landing-attempt-2023-12">Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM)</a> recently survived a big malfunction — with a twist.One of the lander's two main thrusters failed as it was descending, causing the spacecraft to tumble. It survived the chaotic fall, and managed to deploy the two tiny rovers it carried.But a photo from one of those rovers later revealed the lander had <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/japan-moon-probe-landed-upside-down-still-works-2024-1">landed upside-down</a>.<div type="image" title="image taken by a Lunar Excursion Vehicle 2 (LEV-2) of a robotic moon rover called Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, or SLIM, on the moon." height="2252" width="3000" msid="108055530" hostid="261" sizebytes="322110"></div>That angled its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-mars-lander-hibernating-so-batteries-dont-die-2021-4">solar panels</a> away from the sun, which has taken a toll on the spacecraft's energy generation and left it with too little battery power to operate for much of its mission.SLIM's case shows that sometimes extremely robust hardware and software engineering, plus a healthy dose of luck, can help a lander do its job despite an error or two.Similarly, Intuitive Machines' success on Thursday shows that small errors don't necessarily have to spell <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-voyager-spacecraft-where-still-contact-communication-end-soon-2024-1">the end of a mission</a>."Space is hard, and equipment doesn't always operate as expected," Braun told Business Insider after Odysseus landed. "In this case here, engineers on the ground came up with an ingenious way to keep the mission on track and actually accomplish the landing."

Space photos from 5 recent moon-landing missions show how tiny engineering errors can cause big problems, like crashing or landing sideways

Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala) [India], August 23 (ANI): Ahead of the much-awaited soft landing of the country's third <keyword id="42440" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="moon" source="Orion">moon</keyword> mission -- <keyword id="8011274" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="chandrayaan-3" source="Orion">Chandrayaan-3</keyword>, former <keyword id="6448588" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro-chairman" source="Orion">ISRO Chairman</keyword> G <keyword id="52158" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="madhavan-nair" source="Orion">Madhavan Nair</keyword> spoke to and delved into how this mission is significant for overall spacefaring for India and also about the last-minute manoeuvres. "The last leg of its operation and everybody is anxiously looking forward to this great event. As far as the Indian space program is concerned, this is going to be the most significant milestone for planetary exploration. Of course, in the past, we have made an attempt to land on the <keyword id="963787" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lunar-surface" source="Orion">lunar surface</keyword>, but unfortunately, it did not succeed at the time. Since then, <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword> has done considerable studies and simulations and strengthened the designs and provided redundancies so that the mission success probability can be improved," he said. The scheduled timing for the soft landing of Chandrayaan-3 on the moon's south pole on August 23, 2023 (Wednesday), is around 18:04 IST, with the powered descent of Vikram lander expected at 1745 IST. With all set for a soft landing, he said the last 20 minutes where the powered descending from the lunar orbit to the lunar surface will take place, is going to be the most challenging moment in the history of this mission. "As far as this soft landing is concerned, not many people have succeeded. It is only USA, Russia and China have succeeded so far to land on the south pole of the Moon. Of course, recently, the Luna spacecraft of Russia also crashed and landed on the lunar surface. Considering all this background, we have to really make sure everything is normal and perfect before the landing operation takes place," he said. "The landing operation involves first reducing the velocity of the spacecraft from 1.6 kilometre per second to a few hundred meters per second and then making it over at a low altitude, taking pictures of the lunar surface and identifying the spot where it can safely land. There are rocks and there are craters and valleys in the region. So one has to really choose the spot on which the landing can take place safely. And this operation will be done in the last minute or so." "And that is the most important event which is as far as the mission is concerned. After reaching identifying the spot, the thrusters again will slowly bring the spacecraft to the lunar surface. After landing there, the rover is suspected to move out and then have the investigation in the southern polar region for about 14 days. It will collect data about the minerals which are there, identify the water sources and also the helium three and so on," he added. "So this is a very significant event as far as ISRO is concerned, and everybody is anxiously looking forward to the successful completion of this event" said Madhavan Nair. In its latest update on Chandrayaan-3 soft landing, ISRO has said the mission is on schedule and systems are undergoing regular checks. This mission, if it turns out to be fruitful, will make India the only country to have marked its presence on the lunar south pole which is considered to be difficult for its rough and harsh conditions, and fourth - after US, China, and Russia - to have successfully landed on the moon's surface. Historically, spacecraft missions to the Moon have primarily targeted the equatorial region due to its favourable terrain and operating conditions. However, the lunar south pole presents a vastly different and more challenging terrain compared to the equatorial region. The spacecraft was launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Andhra Pradesh's Sriharikota on July 14. Ever since the July 14 launch, ISRO has been maintaining that the health of the spacecraft remains "normal". Chandrayaan-3's development phase commenced in January 2020, with the launch planned sometime in 2021. However, the Covid-19 pandemic brought an unforeseen delay to the mission's progress. (ANI)

Chandrayaan-3 most significant milestone for planetary exploration: former ISRO chief

The massive job cuts have hit several divisions, especially the <keyword id="196611" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="alexa" source="Orion">Alexa</keyword> virtual assistant <keyword id="6355515" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="business" source="Orion">business</keyword> and the <keyword id="216973" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="luna" source="Orion">Luna</keyword> cloud gaming unit. <keyword id="18635" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="amazon" source="Orion">Amazon</keyword> CEO Andy Jassy has warned employees that there will be more layoffs at the company in early 2023 "as leaders continue to make adjustments". The e-commerce giant publicly confirmed some layoffs on Wednesday and now, Jassy has said more layoffs are coming as Amazon's annual planning process extends into the new year. "Those decisions will be shared with impacted employees and organisations early in 2023," he said in a statement late on Thursday. "We haven't concluded yet exactly how many other roles will be impacted (we know that there will be reductions in our Stores and PXT organisations), but each leader will communicate to their respective teams when we have the details nailed down," Sassy added. Amazon will prioritise communicating directly with impacted employees before making broad public or internal announcements. "This year's review is more difficult due to the fact that the <keyword id="34412" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="economy" source="Orion">economy</keyword> remains in a challenging spot and we've hired rapidly the last several years," said Jassy. The company did not reveal the exact number of employees being hit although earlier reports put the number at 10,000 employees or 3 per cent of its workforce. The massive job cuts have hit several divisions, especially the Alexa virtual assistant business and the Luna cloud gaming unit. "We communicated the difficult decision to eliminate a number of positions across our Devices and Books businesses, and also announced a voluntary reduction offer for some employees in our People, Experience, and Technology (PXT) organisation," Jassy further said. "I've been in this role now for about a year and a half, and without a doubt, this is the most difficult decision we've made during that time," the Amazon CEO added. Dave Limp, Senior Vice President of Devices and Services, also wrote an internal post, saying that "after a deep set of reviews, we recently decided to consolidate some teams and programmes". "One of the consequences of these decisions is that some roles will no longer be required," Limp said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/inox-green-energy-services-ipo-allotment-today-checkout-current-gmp-value/articleshow/95593914.cms">Inox Green Energy Services IPO allotment today: checkout current GMP value</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/a-suitable-boy-writer-vikram-seth-and-his-curious-case-of-missing-racks/articleshow/95593360.cms">A Suitable Boy writer Vikram Seth and his curious case of missing racks</a>

Amazon CEO says more layoffs to come in 2023 as leaders continue to make adjustments

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.apimages.com/metadata/Index/India-Moon-Mission/6d27b5b927754b7e999df62ca4f52bce/8/0">AP Photo/Aijaz Rahi</a>Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) Chairman Kailasavadivoo Sivan displays a model of Chanrayaan 2 orbiter and rover during a press conference at their headquarters in Bangalore, India, Tuesday, Aug. 20, 2019.</div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>India's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-moon-lander-vikram-found-after-crash-landing-2019-9">Vikram moon lander</a>, part of its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-space-mission-chandrayaan-2-set-to-land-on-moon-2019-9">Chandrayaan-2</a> mission, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-lost-contact-with-moon-lander-indicating-crash-2019-9">crashed into the lunar surface</a> last week. It was the country's first attempt at a soft landing on the moon.</li><li>The landing of Israeli nonprofit <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-israel-moon-mission-launch-spaceil-lunar-lander-2019-2">SpaceIL</a>'s <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-israel-beresheet-moon-landing-failed-2019-4">Beresheet lander</a> also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/beresheet-first-private-moon-mission-fails-lunar-landing-2019-4">failed in April</a>.</li><li>Descent and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/moon-landing">landing</a> are difficult stages of a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/moon-missions">mission to the moon</a> or any other planetary body - especially the final stages, which India's space-program director referred to as "15 minutes of terror."</li><li>That's because landers must successfully carry out a series of complex commands with little room for failure, while contending with the moon's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moon-crater-anomaly-south-pole-metal-asteroid-core-2019-6">wonky gravity</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-video-simulation-neil-armstrong-view-of-moon-2019-7">uneven terrain</a>, and pesky dust.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>India's attempt at a soft lunar landing appeared to end in a crash on September 6 (September 7 in India), making it the second failed moon landing this year.The mission's main spacecraft, Chandrayaan-2, has since spotted the Vikram lander's hapless hardware from its vantage point orbiting the moon. The lander arrived at the moon's south pole, seemingly in one piece, but India's space agency <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1171284893143224321">said</a> it has been unable to restore communications.The crash came just five months after an Israeli nonprofit's lander, called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-israel-beresheet-moon-landing-failed-2019-4">Beresheet</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tardigrades-on-moon-spacecraft-beresheet-likely-still-alive-2019-8">crashed into the moon's surface</a>. In both cases, the fatal errors occurred the final stages of descent.Robert Braun, dean of the College of Engineering and Applied <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> at the University of Colorado, has worked on landing and descent teams for multiple NASA missions to Mars."Among all the things we do in space, landing is one of the more challenging aspects, because time gets greatly compressed," he told Business Insider. "There's very little margin to try something again if it didn't happen as planned."Here's why the final stages of a moon landing are so challenging.

India's and Israel's moon-landing attempts both failed during descent - here's why the '15 minutes of terror' are so difficult

<ul><li><keyword id="97416" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Google-maps">Google Maps</keyword> lets you explore space without having to step out of the house. </li><li>It has added a new animation to their interplanetary exploration tool. </li><li>The new animation feels a lot like the warp drive on <keyword id="112242" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Star-Trek">Star Trek</keyword> or the starting sequence of <keyword id="492147" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Doctor-Who">Doctor Who</keyword>. </li></ul>Google Maps can really take you anywhere — including outer space. To make sure the experience feels otherworldly, the tech giant’s added a warp drive ‘whoosh’ akin to Star Trek or the starting sequence of Doctor Who, every time you switch planets. <div type="image" title="googlemapsspacegif" msid="73040728" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Google Maps &amp;#39;whoosh&amp;#39; effect&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 A <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/google/comments/eh6qg6/new_animation_when_switching_between_planets_in/">Reddit user</a> spotted the animation change on Monday, that makes it feel like you’re actually travelling through space rather than just zooming in and zooming out of the solar system. Aside from planets, users can also roam about the International Space Station (ISS), the dwarf planet Ceres, Jupiter’s moons and, of course, the Moon. <div type="image" title="googlemapsmoon_edited" msid="73040737" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Map of the Moon&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 The maps are a result of half a million pictures collected by <a href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/cassini/mission/spacecraft/cassini-orbiter/">Cassini-Huygens mission</a> during its 20-year lifespan. Even though the terrain isn’t as detailed as Earth, you can still spot the craters on Mercury and the mountain ranges on Venus. The only catch is that Google Maps’ <keyword id="718929" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Space-exploration">space exploration</keyword> feature is only available to desktop users and doesn’t open on a smartphone despite having been around for more than 2 years. Here’s how to explore space with Google Maps: <ol><li>Open Google Maps in your Chrome browser. It will also work on non-Chrome browsers — just not as well. </li><li>At In the left-bottom corner of the screen, there should be a square box which reads ‘Maps’. Click on it to switch over to ‘Satellite’ view. </li><li>On the right-hand side, there should be a little toggle that looks like Earth. Click on the ‘Globe View’ button. </li><li>Zoom out all the way, as far as you can go. </li><li>Once you’ve zoomed out to the maximum, a menu will show up will all your possible destinations within the solar system. </li><li>Click on any of the options and start your journey through space. </li></ol>See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-satellite-captures-a-picture-of-gujarat-indias-largest-salt-producer-from-space/articleshow/71681776.cms">NASA satellite captures a picture of India’s largest salt producer from space</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-finds-isros-chandrayaan-2-vikram-lander-crash-site/articleshow/72341436.cms">Space enthusiast helps NASA locate Vikram lander's crash site on the moon</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-trash-in-outer-space-makes-way-for-a-new-kind-of-map/articleshow/69751105.cms">The trash in outer space makes way for a new kind of map</a>

You Searched For "vikram spotted" and got 12 results

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Planning a trip to Europe? Read on to know the upcoming European destinations for Indian travellers!

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Space photos from 5 recent moon-landing missions show how tiny engineering errors can cause big problems, like crashing or landing sideways

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Google Maps lets you explore the cosmos like Star Trek — complete with a warp drive ‘whoosh’

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