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<keyword id="20018917" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Capital-expenditure" source="keywords">Capital expenditure</keyword> on the <keyword id="19914937" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Railways" source="keywords">Railways</keyword> has increased by 77 per cent over the past five years with significant investments in the construction of <keyword id="22505706" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="new-lines" source="keywords">new lines</keyword>, <keyword id="20375816" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gauge-conversion" source="keywords">gauge conversion</keyword> and doubling, the <keyword id="20613906" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Economic-Survey" source="keywords">Economic Survey</keyword> 2023-24 said on Monday. According to the survey tabled in Parliament by Finance Minister <keyword id="19916618" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nirmala-sitharaman" source="keywords">Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword>, in the financial year 2019-2020, the capital expenditure was 1.48 lakh crore which was increased to ₹2.62 lakh crore in 2023-24. "<keyword id="19909154" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Railways" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Indian Railways" meta.hostid="346" meta.entityid="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</keyword>, with over 68,584 route km (as of March 31, 2024) and 12.54 lakh employees (as of April 1, 2024), is the fourth largest network in the world under single management," the survey said. Highlighting the initiatives taken by the Railway Ministry for the enhancement of operations and services, the survey mentioned Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Rail (MAHSR) project and Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs) with the progress made in these respective <keyword id="19900581" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="projects" source="keywords">projects</keyword>. According to the survey, Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, launched in August 2023 for development of stations on a continuous basis, involves preparation of master plans and its phased implementation to improve amenities, building improvements, multimodal integration, and sustainability. It said that 1,324 stations have been identified for upgradation so far. Talking about another initiative, Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Rail (MAHSR) project, the survey said that under this 508-km project, executed with cooperation from the government of Japan, land acquisition and civil conduct award have been completed. "Overall physical progress of 41.7 per cent has been achieved and financial expenditure of ₹59,291 crore was incurred until 31st March, 2024," the survey said. "Two DFCs are under implementation namely the eastern DFC with route length of 1,337 kilometre and the western DFC with route length of 1,506 kilometre," it added. It further stated that by the end of FY24, 96.1 per cent of the total DFC route length has been completed. Highlighting other major achievements, the survey said that the Railways achieved its highest-ever production for both locomotives and wagons in FY24. "Fifty one pairs of <keyword id="19922877" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vande-bharat" source="keywords">Vande Bharat</keyword> have been introduced until March 2024. The fast pace of infrastructure augmentation has been the result of a substantial increase in financial allocation along with close project monitoring and regular follow-up with stakeholders for expeditious land acquisition and clearances," the survey said. It added, "High-speed, long-distance Vande sleeper trainset coaches having features like quick acceleration, diffused lighting, automatic doors and global positioning system-based passenger information system are under development." According to the survey, the Railways is also planning to introduce Vande metro trainset coaches with features such as sealed wider gangways, centrally controlled automatic sliding doors, CCTVs for safety and surveillance, route map indicator, passenger information and infotainment system, fire detection system and aerosol-based fire suppression system. "The first lot is expected to be turned out in FY25," it said. "Railways has taken several initiatives for providing a clean environment in and around railway stations and trains, such as replacement of conventional toilets with bio-toilets on coaches leading to clean tracks, segregation of bio-degradable/non bio-degradable waste, solid waste management and discouraging use of single use plastic," the survey added.

Capital expenditure on Railways increased by 77% over 5 years: Economic Survey

<ul><li>A total of ₹ 32,000 crore will be paid to the winning bidder over a period of 35 years for the maintenance of these trains.</li><li>The financial bids will be opened in the next 45 days.</li><li>The <keyword id="46754" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="vande" source="Orion">Vande</keyword> Bharat trains are expected to be a big upgrade from the premium Rajdhani Express service. </li></ul> State-run Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has formed a consortium with <keyword id="112351" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="titagarh-wagons" source="Orion">Titagarh Wagons</keyword> and is among five entities which have bid for the mega ₹ 58,000 crore contract to manufacture 200 Vande Bharat trains and maintaining them for the next 35 years. Other players in the fray include French railway major Alstom; Medha-Stadler consortium between Swiss railway rolling stock manufacturer <keyword id="6793633" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="stadler-rail" source="Orion">Stadler Rail</keyword> and Hyderabad-based Media Servo Drives; Siemens along with BEML, and Russian rolling stock manufacturer <keyword id="6632056" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="transmashholding" source="Orion">Transmashholding</keyword> (TMH) along with an Indian firm. Officials said while ₹ 26,000 crore is the upfront payment on the delivery of the trains, ₹ 32,000 crore will be paid to the winning bidder over a period of 35 years for the maintenance of these trains. The <keyword id="6355455" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-railways" source="Orion">Indian Railways</keyword> is now evaluating technical bids for the contract. The financial bids will be opened in the next 45 days. According to the tender document, the successful bidder has to produce a prototype of the sleeper class for Vande Bharat trains within 24 months. The Indian Railways is targeting to roll out the first sleeper version of Vande Bharat train by the first quarter of 2024. Till now, the railways has awarded contracts for manufacture of 102 Vande Bharat trains which are all chair car. The Vande Bharat trains are expected to be a big upgrade from the premium Rajdhani Express service. The sleeper class-version of these trains will be run on the routes to cover overnight rail journey like New Delhi-Patna, New Delhi-Lucknow and others. After four years of intensive work and planning, country's first and the second Vande Bharat trains as electric multiple units at semi-high speed, were flagged off by Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="narendra-modi" source="Orion">Narendra Modi</keyword> in 2019 on the New Delhi-Varanasi and New Delhi-Katra in J&amp;K routes. The first VB train was flagged on the New Delhi-Varanasi route and the second one was on New Dehi-Katra route to provide fast rail transportation from the national capital to these pilgrim cities. The railway ministry is also working towards exporting these trains by 2026 to cover the international markets of South Africa and European countries. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/long-covid-linked-with-increased-body-weight-study/articleshow/95906210.cms">Long Covid linked with increased body weight : Study</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/indias-mfg-pmi-hits-3-month-high-in-nov-amid-expansion-in-production-slowdown-in-inflation-sp/articleshow/95905921.cms">India's mfg PMI hits 3-month high in Nov amid expansion in production, slowdown in inflation: S&amp;P</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/wipro-infrastructure-engineering-acquires-pune-based-linecraft-ai-for-an-undisclosed-sum/articleshow/95905792.cms">Wipro Infrastructure Engineering acquires Pune-based Linecraft.ai for an undisclosed sum</a>

BHEL among 5 bidders for Rs 58,000 cr deal to manufacture, maintain 200 Vande Bharat trains

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword> astronaut <keyword id="13390336" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="mark-vande-hei" source="Orion">Mark Vande Hei</keyword> said he and his Russian crew mates "continue to be very dear friends."</li><li>The US astronaut said he was not phased by aggressive tweets from <keyword id="11894337" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="russia" source="Orion">Russia</keyword>'s space chief.</li></ul>NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei said relations between US <keyword id="11937986" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="astronauts" source="Orion">astronauts</keyword> and Russian <keyword id="11985277" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="cosmonauts" source="Orion">cosmonauts</keyword> were cordial at the International Space Station (ISS), even as tensions continued to escalate between the two countries on Earth. "About my relationship with my Russian crewmates, they were, are and will continue to be very dear friends of mine," Vande Hei said during a <a href="https://www.barrons.com/amp/news/in-space-russians-and-americans-remain-dear-friends-astronaut-01649179507">press conference</a> in Texas on Tuesday."We supported each other throughout everything," he said. "And I never had any concerns about my ability to continue working with them."Vande Hei <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronaut-mark-vande-hei-breaks-scott-kellys-spaceflight-record-2022-3">broke the record</a> for the longest US human spaceflight after a nearly yearlong stint at the ISS. The astronaut <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-returns-us-astronaut-from-iss-despite-ukraine-tension-2022-3">landed in Kazakhstan on March 30</a> along with two Russian cosmonauts on a Russian rocket.Vande Hei <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuSfdPJVirk">told NBC News</a> that he discussed Russia's attack on <keyword id="11985141" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ukraine" source="Orion">Ukraine</keyword> with his Russian crew mates on board the ISS. He <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/05/world/nasa-astronaut-mark-vande-hei-iss-scn/index.html">told CNN</a> the conversations were "very brief" because their main focus "was on our mission together.""There's varying levels of discomfort for them as well about the situation," he said, according to NBC <keyword id="11893589" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news" source="Orion">News</keyword>. "I did bring [the Ukraine situation] up with both my crewmates that I landed with and all I really feel comfortable saying is there was a variety of responses," he added. Vande Hei's comments come after there was speculation that Russian cosmonauts who wore yellow and blue on a trip to the ISS were possibly expressing support for Ukraine. The astronaut dispelled the rumors, saying the crew mates were <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-cosmonauts-blindsided-by-spacesuit-speculation-us-astronaut-2022-4">"blindsided" by the speculation.</a>Only a few days after Vande Hei returned to Earth, Russia's agency chief, Dmitry Rogozin, said that<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-dmitry-rogozin-roscosmos-international-space-station-nasa-2022-4"> the nation was suspending its cooperation</a> on the ISS and its partnership with NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Canadian Space Agency. Rogozin cited Western sanctions over Russia's attack on Ukraine.Rogozin has repeatedly criticized the US on social media and even gotten into a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-russia-space-chief-elon-musk-spacex-rivalry-tweets-2022-3">series of spats</a> with former NASA astronaut <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-scott-kelly-and-russia-space-chief-trade-twitter-insults-2022-3?inline-endstory-related-recommendations=">Scott Kelly</a> and SpaceX CEO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-russia-space-chief-elon-musk-spacex-rivalry-tweets-2022-3">Elon Musk</a> on Twitter.The Roscosmos chief also <a href="https://abc7ny.com/russia-international-space-station-mark-vande-hei-iss-american-astronaut/11639556/">appeared</a> to threaten to leave Vande Hei behind in a social media post in March. Though, Vande Hei said he "never perceived those tweets as anything to take seriously.""I just didn't spend a lot of emotional energy paying attention to it," he told reporters at the press conference on Tuesday. "I heard about it. I kind of laughed it off and moved on."

NASA astronaut said he is still 'dear friends' with Russian crew mates from the International Space Station, who had a 'variety of responses' to the war in Ukraine

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-peggy-whitson-axiom-space-engine-development-russia-ukraine-2022-3">NASA astronaut</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronauts-saddened-to-see-climate-crisis-wildfires-from-space-2021-8">Mark Vande Hei</a> has broken <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-cope-with-isolation-loneliness-according-to-nasa-astronaut-2020-4">Scott Kelly</a>'s record for longest American spaceflight.</li><li>Tuesday marks 341 days in space since Vande Hei launched to the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-international-space-station-crash-us-europe-sanctions-2022-2">International Space Station</a> in April.</li></ul><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword> <keyword id="12153790" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="astronaut" source="Orion">astronaut</keyword> <keyword id="13390336" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="mark-vande-hei" source="Orion">Mark Vande Hei</keyword> has broken the record for longest US <keyword id="11937990" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="human-spaceflight" source="Orion">human spaceflight</keyword>, a title <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-scott-kelly-and-russia-space-chief-trade-twitter-insults-2022-3">former astronaut Scott Kelly</a> has held since 2016.Tuesday marks 341 consecutive days in space for Vande Hei, surpassing Kelly's record-breaking 340-day stint aboard the <keyword id="11969448" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="international-space-station" source="Orion">International Space Station</keyword> (ISS).But the achievement comes amid volatile relations between the US and Russia in space. Russia has stopped selling rocket engines to the US, following sanctions President Biden imposed in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Kelly <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-scott-kelly-and-russia-space-chief-trade-twitter-insults-2022-3">got into a Twitter spat with Russia's top space official</a>, Dmitry Rogozin, who made inflammatory comments about the ISS falling to Earth without Russia's help. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and astronomer Jonathan McDowell have also sparred with Rogozin online.<div type="image" title="nasa astronaut scott kelly and russian space official dmitry rogozin portraits side by side" height="1380" width="1841" msid="90226408" hostid="261"></div>Still, NASA officials maintain that operations on the ISS aren't affected by fallout from Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Vande Hei is still poised to return safely to Earth aboard a Russian <keyword id="12320076" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="soyuz" source="Orion">Soyuz</keyword> spaceship on March 30."Nothing has changed in the last three weeks," Joel Montalbano, NASA's ISS program manager, said in a spacewalk press briefing on Monday. "I can tell you for sure, Mark is coming home on that Soyuz. We are in communication with our Russian colleagues. There's no fuzz on that."By the time he lands in Kazakhstan, the astronaut will have spent 355 days in space.<div type="image" title="astronaut mark vande hei on the space station wearing a headlamp" height="1677" width="2237" msid="90226409" hostid="261"></div>"I don't think it's really my record — I think it would be the whole team's," <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronauts-saddened-to-see-climate-crisis-wildfires-from-space-2021-8">Vande Hei told Insider in August</a>. "It's just another step forward for humanity. I also don't expect that to be a record that would last very long, because we're doing bigger and better things all the time."Vande Hei, a former Army colonel from New Jersey and Minnesota, wasn't originally scheduled to stay in space for so long. When he launched to the ISS on a Russian Soyuz spaceship on April 9, 2021, he was planning for a standard six-month shift of spacewalks, <keyword id="11896083" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="science" source="Orion">science</keyword> experiments, and station maintenance.But Vande Hei and his crewmate, Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov, knew they might do a double shift, stretching their stay to a full year. Russia's space agency, <keyword id="11985276" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="roscosmos" source="Orion">Roscosmos</keyword>, was <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-launching-film-crew-to-space-station-2021-9">launching a film director and actress</a> to the ISS for a week of movie-making. The agency ultimately asked Vande Hei and Dubrov to give the film crew their seats on the spaceship back to Earth. The astronaut-cosmonaut duo would hitch a ride on the next Soyuz ship.<div type="image" title="astronaut mark vande hei and cosmonaut pyotr dubrov use computer on space station" height="1666" width="2222" msid="90226410" hostid="261"></div>Dubrov will also have spent 355 days in space. But that's not a record for Russia. Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the title for longest continuous human spaceflight, after spending 438 days on Russia's Mir space station in the mid-'90s.<h2>Rogozin's comments left Vande Hei's family 'very worried'</h2>Although Roscosmos and NASA continue to collaborate on the ISS, Rogozin has targeted the station in his Twitter tirades. On February 24, he <a href="https://twitter.com/Rogozin/status/1496934100363587587">claimed</a> the ISS would lose orbit and begin an uncontrolled fall to Earth if Russia withdrew its spaceships, which routinely fire their engines to push the ISS higher, a maneuver called a "reboost," after the station loses altitude.The following week, <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAWatch/status/1500164274571948041">NASA Watch</a> reported that a Russian state media outlet posted a Roscosmos video to Telegram, including edited ISS footage to make it look like cosmonauts were leaving Vande Hei behind. Insider has not independently verified that the video came from Roscosmos.<div type="image" title="soyuz spaceship above earth" height="1280" width="1706" msid="90226411" hostid="261"></div>Vande Hei's mother, Mary, told <a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10606439/Fears-grow-American-astronaut-stranded-SPACE-Russians.html">The Daily Mail</a> on Sunday that Rogozin was making "a terrible threat.""When I first heard it, I did a lot of crying. It's very troubling. We are just doing a lot of praying," she told the Mail, adding, "It is really a shame that it's been politicised like this. It's quite a shock."Vande Hei's wife, Julie, is "very worried," she added. <div type="image" title="mark vande hei smiling on space station holding a tube of liquid" height="3712" width="4949" msid="90226412" hostid="261"></div>"These threats are just one person speaking and though it's the head of the Russian space agency, all the other people within the space agency seem very cooperative," Vande Hei's father, Tom, told the Mail, adding, "Our son does not scare easily."Soyuz spaceships are no longer the only vehicles capable of carrying humans to the ISS. Since 2020, NASA has been using SpaceX Crew Dragon spaceships to ferry astronauts to and from the station.

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Capital expenditure on Railways increased by 77% over 5 years: Economic Survey

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BHEL among 5 bidders for Rs 58,000 cr deal to manufacture, maintain 200 Vande Bharat trains

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NASA astronaut said he is still 'dear friends' with Russian crew mates from the International Space Station, who had a 'variety of responses' to the war in Ukraine

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NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei breaks Scott Kelly's spaceflight record

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