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<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="22003702" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="urolithin-a" source="keywords">Urolithin A</keyword> supplements are gaining popularity with longevity investors and influencers.</li><li>Studies suggest the plant compound may recharge old cells, boost muscle, and fortify immune health.</li></ul>In late September, a select group of people gathered in Gstaad, a posh ski town in the Swiss Alps, for the fifth annual <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/longevity-investments-ultra-rich-are-making-supplements-devices-2024-10">Longevity Investors Conference</a>. Researchers and founders demoed new products, while venture capitalists and CEOs scouted out fresh partnerships. Would-be investors were largely looking for short-term wins, not far-off moonshots. They want products that can realistically be used in the next several years, like at-home red light therapy panels and scaleable blood tests that can <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-the-maximum-age-of-humans-115-or-older-2023-3">measure aging</a>. This year, the conversation quickly turned to the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/5-supplements-for-longevity-and-anti-aging-expert-recommendations-2023-12">supplement</a> du jour, the compound that has drawn investment from both Nestlé and L'Oréal: Urolithin A. Derived from an antioxidant found most abundantly in pomegranates, it is what gastroenterologists call a "postbiotic" — something our guts produce in small amounts after digesting foods, including berries, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/blue-zones-expert-shares-cheap-longevity-supplements-beans-walnuts-2024-5">walnuts</a>, and pecans, which contain bioactive compounds called ellagitannins. Recent <a target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163724002241/">studies</a> suggest few of us (40% at best) have the microbiome to produce good amounts of urolithin A from our diet. Short-term studies have found that urolithin A supplements can help worms live longer, mice run longer, and humans get stronger. There's also reason to believe that topical creams and serums could do something similar for your skin, increasing firmness and bringing back some youthful elasticity. This is a saturated market. There's no shortage of supplement companies putting out their own compounds and conducting studies, vying for the attention of deep-pocketed investors. Urolithin A — in particular, the supplement company <keyword id="19895626" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="timeline" source="keywords">Timeline</keyword>, which is exclusively focused on an expensive and patented form of this compound — is rising above the fray. The company's magic sauce combines smart branding, enticing data from well-controlled clinical trials, and the fact that this compound has proven effective in a full spectrum of products, from skincare to smoothie powder. Timeline's research has also opened new avenues to developing antiaging <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.vandria.com/press-release-21082024/">pharmaceutical drugs</a>. <h2>Discovering a compound with huge business potential</h2> <div type="image" title="timeline supplements" height="2800" width="2100" msid="114595250" hostid="261"></div>Urolithin A is a promising antiaging compound because it promotes "mitophagy," a cleanup process that keeps our cells healthy and youthful. It refreshes our mitochondria, which kicks cells into action. Timeline cofounder and president Chris Rinsch went all in on urolithin A back in the early 2000s. Rinsch, a molecular biologist and former biotech VC, was impressed by early lab research that showed pomegranates' effect on cell rejuvenation. He had an educated hunch that this postbiotic could have huge potential as a wellness product. Starting in 2008, Rinch's supplement company, Amazentis, funded over a dozen <a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rinsch%20C&amp;sort=date&amp;page=2">studies</a> on urolithin A, including some relatively large, placebo-controlled trials in people — a rarity in supplement research. "The intention was to really bring the rigor of science coming from the biotech industry to the nutrition space because we felt there could be some really important innovations, particularly in this field of longevity," Rinsch told Business Insider. Right away, in-house and independent researchers were impressed with the nutraceutical effects. "It was a dream compound to work on," Johan Auwerx, one of the first independent consultants who worked with Amazentis on urolithin A, said. Auwerx, now a consultant for Timeline (and a few drug companies), is an academic research scientist who studies metabolism and mitochondria. He's worked on industry-disrupting antiaging supplements before, including once-buzzy resveratrol and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-nad-longevity-supplement-hollywood-uses-prevent-aging-2024-7">NAD+ boosters</a>, the hot new supplement that elite biohackers and celebrities are taking for longevity. He found evidence that urolithin A could not only extend life and improve fitness in animal models but also improve strength in adults from age 40 to 90. That is unusual because what works in animals rarely translates so seamlessly to humans. It was enough to run with. In early 2020, Rinsch launched the supplement brand Timeline at <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200123005820/en/Amazentis-Announces-the-Launch-of-Timeline%E2%84%A2-Cellular-Nutrition-at-the-World-Economic-Forum-in-Davos">Davos</a>. The company started out with a powder supplement meant to be eaten in yogurt and smoothies. Timeline has since added oral capsules (around $100 for a one-month supply), face creams ($250 for a bottle of day cream), and a serum ($280 per bottle). Rinsch said the company's sales were up 100% last year. They are projected to double again by the end of 2024. <div type="image" title="Dr. Mark Hyman speaking into a microphone." height="683" width="1024" msid="114595261" hostid="261"></div><h2>Longevity researchers, while quietly impressed, urge caution</h2>A lot of Timeline's success can be attributed to marketing. It has become a favorite of longevity influencers with huge followings in the US; Timeline partners with stars including Bulletproof Coffee founder Dave Asprey, longevity guru Dr. <keyword id="23762392" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mark-hyman" source="keywords">Mark Hyman</keyword>, and Gwyneth Paltrow's functional medicine coach, <keyword id="23762391" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="will-cole" source="keywords">Will Cole</keyword>. Urolithin A has also captured the attention of longevity researchers, who are typically more skeptical about products promising to make you young again. Timeline was on the agenda at this year's ARDD, an annual <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/longevity-experts-eat-nordic-meals-salad-sourdough-moderation-2024-9">longevity research conference</a> held in Copenhagen in August. Dr. Dominic Denk, a cancer researcher at Frankfurt University Hospital in Germany, told Business Insider on the sidelines of ARDD that he believes "pretty much all dietary supplements don't work." Urolithin A surprised him, though. He studied how urolithin A impacted cancer treatments in mice and was so impressed by the positive results that he did a follow-up study, testing its impacts on aging in healthy people. "People just tell me they feel more sharp, more refreshed, less out of breath," Denk said. Pretty soon, he started taking Timeline himself in a bid to keep his muscles healthy and strong and avoid some of the chronic inflammation that is a hallmark of so many age-related diseases and illnesses, from cancer to the flu. He cautioned that he "wouldn't recommend people throughout all continents just take the stuff." Human studies of Timeline's urolithin A have been conducted on wealthy, white populations, chiefly in Switzerland, so we don't know for sure how effective this would be for everyone. Most of the trials have only lasted for a few months. The lack of long-term data makes some researchers less certain about the true benefits of this buzzy supplement. Andrea <keyword id="23762393" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="maier" source="keywords">Maier</keyword>, a leading longevity supplement researcher and doctor who has no affiliation with Timeline, said it's not clear what dose of urolithin A is best, for how long, or what the long-term effects, negative and positive, might include. Even though she thinks the supplement might hold promise for antiaging and is "quite safe," she'd like to see more research. "We cannot really say much," Maier, who is a professor at the National University of Singapore, and who also runs two longevity clinics, said. "For me, not ready for prime time, neither for clinical practice nor really consumer use." Auwerx doesn't take Timeline supplements and agrees more research is needed, but he said he could imagine trying them if he were <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/longevity-experts-use-walking-test-to-measure-biological-age-2024-9">older and not as strong</a> or sharp as he is now. <h2>Why are skincare and food giants interested in this compound?</h2> <div type="image" title="woman putting on serum" height="3087" width="4631" msid="114595255" hostid="261"></div>It's an unusual business model for a supplement company to focus on only one compound, but Timeline has investments from Nestlé and L'Oréal, the biggest food and cosmetics brands in the world. Both are looking to build out their product lines for the growing set of longevity-seekers poised to spend big in the coming years, hoping to improve their health and prevent the declines that often come with old age. Auwerx said that speaks to the rare versatility of this supplement. "I'm telling you, every tissue where mitochondria are important, you could see a use for urolithin," Auwerx said. "But it should be tested." Correction — October 25, 2024: An earlier version of this story misstated Chris Rinsch's current title at Timeline. Since 2023, he has been the cofounder and president. He was formerly the founding CEO.

Nestlé and L'Oréal are betting on a longevity supplement made from pomegranate juice

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="1672013" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Jillian-Michaels">Jillian Michaels</keyword> says it's not enough to eat well or exercise - you need to do both to stay young.</li><li>Dr. Noelle Reid told Insider that while there's truth in this, there are other factors at play.</li><li>Michaels says that to maintain her <keyword id="18974" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="fitness">fitness</keyword>, she works out a maximum of four times a week for 30 minutes.</li></ul>We can "slow <keyword id="24314" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="aging">aging</keyword>" by eating healthy and working out, according to the personal trainer Jillian Michaels.The "Biggest Loser" trainer, 47, <a href="https://www.dailystar.co.uk/diet-fitness/personal-trainer-47-says-workouts-23836406">told the Daily Star over the weekend</a> that while following a nutritious <keyword id="6358230" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="diet">diet</keyword> and keeping active can bring about <keyword id="6354750" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="health">health</keyword> benefits, nailing the two is the key to staying young.Michaels used a car analogy: If you're eating well but not working out, or vice versa, you're in "neutral - not rapidly accelerating our chance of disease, but not aggressively slowing aging and working to prevent disease either."When you do both simultaneously, you're in "drive," or "actively getting/staying healthy," she said."When you aren't doing either of those things then you are absolutely putting yourself at a far greater risk for illness and dramatically reduced life span - not to mention an overall diminished quality of life," Michaels said.<h2>There's more to preventing aging than diet and exercise</h2>Research backs up Michaels' emphasis on keeping active. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-exercises-slow-aging-2018-4">Studies suggest</a> you can protect your mind and body from the physical effects of aging by exercising regularly and in diverse ways."Aging is inevitable, but Jillian is right that there are ways to mitigate the effects of aging, and eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly are certainly two things that help," Dr. Noelle Reid, a family-medicine physician and specialist in aging, told Insider."These can provide a good foundation for aging, but other factors are at play as well, such as limiting stress, getting enough sleep, maintaining social connections, and taking care of your cells," Reid said.While eating healthy and keeping active can help maintain optimal health and improve longevity, they have their limits."What many people may not realize is that aging starts in your cells," Reid said. "As they get older, your cells no longer function at their peak performance due to declines in mitochondrial health and other important processes. We refer to this as age-associated cellular decline, or AACD."While proper <keyword id="52652" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="nutrition">nutrition</keyword> has some impact on this process, not all of what we consume penetrates at the cellular level to directly impact the function of our mitochondria."<h2>Supplementing your diet can help slow the aging process</h2>According to Reid, supplementing with cellular nutrients not readily found in a typical diet, such as urolithin A, nicotinamide riboside, and GlyNAC, can positively affect cellular aging.There are also certain vitamins and minerals you can take to keep your body healthy for longer on the inside and out, as <a href="https://balanceone.com/pages/trista-best-rd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Trista Best</a>, a registered dietitian, and <a href="https://www.vinehealthcare.com/ff_team/dr-scott-antoine/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Scott Antoine</a>, a doctor of osteopathic medicine, <a href="https://www.insider.com/what-are-the-best-anti-aging-vitamins">previously told Insider's Jocelyn Solis-Moreira</a>."It is important to remember that we hold the power to optimizing our overall health and longevity, as our behaviors can help dictate our outcomes," Reid said. "Adopting healthy habits that become part of our daily routine may be the most important predictor in adding years to our life, and life to our years."While diet and exercise are part of this, a healthy lifestyle also includes keeping your stress levels down, maintaining strong relationships, and meditating, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ways-to-slow-aging-stay-young-2017-12">Insider's Hilary Brueck reported</a>.<h2>Too much high-intensity exercise does more harm than good</h2>Staying active is important at any age, but it needn't mean grueling workouts seven days a week.A personal trainer with <a href="https://www.instagram.com/jillianmichaels/">1.3 million followers on Instagram</a>, Michaels doesn't exercise as much as many people might presume. The fitness entrepreneur said she works out a maximum of four times a week for 30 minutes."No one believes me, but it's absolutely true," she told the Daily Star. "Once you are in maintenance mode and you have control over your nutrition it's much easier to stay in shape."Michaels has previously criticized the intensity of the popular training style CrossFit, <a href="https://www.insider.com/jillian-michaels-reignites-feud-with-crossfit-doesnt-understand-it-2020-12">Insider's Gabby Landsverk reported</a>."I love that people love CrossFit. I love that they love working out. But I wouldn't even want someone doing a yoga workout every day," Michaels said in <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CIYpoYfJjJ9/?utm_source=ig_embed">an Instagram video</a> in December. "If you love it, great, find an unbelievable coach ... and don't do it more than twice a week."Michaels isn't the only health expert to stress the importance of recovery and spread the message that more isn't always better.Both professionals and fitness fans <a href="https://www.insider.com/why-fitness-culture-shifted-focus-on-recovery-trackers-promote-balance-2020-9">have increasingly prioritized rest days and sleep</a> to benefit their performance and overall health.And <a href="https://www.insider.com/why-hiit-classes-arent-necessary-to-lose-fat-get-fit-2020-9">too much high-intensity exercise</a> can have numerous negative side effects, including the possibility of <a href="https://www.insider.com/women-losing-periods-due-to-restrictive-dieting-over-exercising-2021-3">losing your period</a>.

Jillian Michaels says she can 'slow aging' by eating healthy and exercising no more than 2 hours a week, and experts say she's on to something

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Supplements marketed to improve longevity are booming.</li><li>But longevity doctors say, actually, less is more when it comes to flashy supplements.</li></ul>Renew your mitochondria. Rejuvenate your cells. Bring back that youthful muscle strength. Improve your fertility.Over the past several years, a plethora of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nestle-and-loreal-are-betting-on-urolithin-a-longevity-supplement-2024-10">new supplements</a> have emerged on the scene, promising to boost human longevity and preserve youthfulness. Now, longevity doctors are scrambling to get people to slow down."In our clinic, we are de-prescribing," Dr. Andrea Maier, a leading longevity doctor who runs both a private and a public longevity clinic in Singapore, told Business Insider. "We first have to diagnose what's wrong, what somebody needs, and that might differ."Maier, also a professor of medicine and functional aging at the National University of Singapore, is one of several longevity medicine doctors who told BI that they are recommending patients <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/supplement-expert-doesnt-take-supplements-eats-vegan-2023-11">stop taking many of the supplements</a> they have learned about online."People think that more helps more, and it's not the case," Dr. Evelyne Bischof, who practices longevity medicine in China, Switzerland, and Israel, told BI. "There are interactions, there are side effects."Bischof and other longevity medicine practitioners say the trend toward overdoing it has been supercharged in recent years by more aggressive and flashy online marketing of longevity supplements. Ads on Facebook, books by longevity influencers, along with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/equinox-40000-membership-optimize-longevity-health-years-2024-5">gyms</a> and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rich-people-obsessed-longevity-luxury-hotels-iv-drips-mri-scans-2024-10">resorts</a> are touting antiaging fixes.According to a recent <a target="_blank" href="https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/consumer-packaged-goods/our-insights/the-trends-defining-the-1-point-8-trillion-dollar-global-wellness-market-in-2024">McKinsey survey</a>, demand for healthy aging products is soaring; 70% of American consumers across all age groups are spending more in this category than they used to post-pandemic.Doctors like Maier and Bischof say supplements can slowly build up to dangerous health issues, impacting vital organs like the kidneys and the liver or interacting with other drugs and supplements in toxic combinations.Increasingly, they are seeing concerning results from blood, urine, and other tests on patients who take many different products.<h2 id="ac30069c-c621-4f87-835b-6cece95b1fb0">Overdoing supplements can hurt your health</h2><div type="image" title="hand with lots of different supplements in it" height="3449" width="5142" msid="115111811" hostid="261" sizebytes="403768"></div>In the past, patients typically hadn't invested in healthy aging supplements on their own. They would learn about them for the first time from their <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-a-longevity-clinic-executive-physical-2024-5">longevity medicine</a> doctor, said Bischof, who serves patients at hospitals in Shanghai and Tel Aviv, as well as in her own VIP concierge longevity medicine business.Things have shifted since the pandemic. In the public clinic where she works in Israel, she estimates that 20% of patients come in with a laundry list of longevity supplements in their regimen, most of them too highly dosed."Five years ago, it was really the opposite," Bischof said. "It was trying to convince a patient to actually take a supplement — besides the vitamins."In her practice, she has seen through clinical testing how supplements can build up in vital organs. One 40-year-old patient who "really overdid" his longevity supplement doses had a biological age four years older than his actual age, as measured by his blood. He also had suboptimal kidney function.He didn't want to quit taking the pills (Bischof did not name the products), but his subsequent blood tests were only looking worse and worse, and his biological age kept creeping up.Eventually, Bischof was able to convince the patient to stop taking his longevity supplements. "And, of course, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-biological-age-is-reverse-aging-possible-2023-2">biological age</a> reversed," she said.Others have noticed the same trend.Pharmacologist Myriam Merarchi, founder and CEO of the Swiss fertility and biological age testing company Beyond Genomix, sees a lot of "biohackers" wanting to test their telomeres, since telomere health is tightly correlated with aging. The ones with a "suitcase" full of supplements tend to have horrible results."You take 50 pills a day that are interfering with every metabolic pathway of your cells," Merarchi said. "Of course!"<h2 id="df59810c-9839-43c6-9998-cedfc378ce6a">The interactions doctors worry about</h2><div type="image" title="Maier with a dog on the couch" height="1772" width="1181" msid="115111809" hostid="261" sizebytes="156708"></div>Longevity supplements are a booming market. Popular new products touted on TikTok and Instagram include <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-nad-longevity-supplement-hollywood-uses-prevent-aging-2024-7">NAD boosters</a> (a popular antiaging supplement among the Hollywood elite), <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nestle-and-loreal-are-betting-on-urolithin-a-longevity-supplement-2024-10">urolithin A</a> (ostensibly boosts cellular health, improves muscle strength, and slows aging), and coenzyme Q10 (a popular antioxidant for fertility and aging).Doctors are also seeing a lot of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG). The compound, being <a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37217632/">studied clinically</a> as a potential antiaging supplement, is one of the main ingredients in a new $49 "Longevity Mix" sold by tech biohacker Bryan Johnson.Dietician Naras Lapsys, chief clinical officer at Chi Longevity, a private clinic in Singapore, says many people are piling these newer pills on top of older, popular longevity supplements. That could be resveratrol (used for heart health) or spermidine (touted as being good for rejuvenating cells)."If you're taking a longevity supplement, there's no evidence to suggest at all taking one is good and therefore two is even better and three is even better again," Lapsys said. "A good starting point is to strip down to a lesser number and start measuring."Someone who's dehydrated regularly might want to think twice before taking a supplement like NMN, which can <a target="_blank" href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.09.588624v1.full.pdf">build up in the kidneys</a> and cause inflammation. CoQ10 can make blood thinners less effective, and resveratrol might <a target="_blank" href="https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/resveratrol">help hormonal cancers</a> like breast cancer thrive and proliferate."If you are just taking supplements because a book has told you or an influencer has told you, if we think about levels of evidence, that sits pretty low," Lapsys said. "Test, don't guess."<h2 id="5a439981-0ef7-46e4-98d0-bdda1f648469">Experts recommend a personalized, data-driven approach</h2>All of this is deeply personal. One patient might benefit from getting more calcium, while another could benefit from ditching their B vitamins."I understand that not everybody can get a doctor," Bischof said. "We're trying to say, just educate yourself on what could be the side effect and how — a little bit — to track it."For patients who are excited about longevity supplements, Bischof recommends cycling them, taking one for a few months, and then pausing instead of taking them continuously throughout the year.When you are taking a new kind of longevity supplement, you should keep tabs on how it is affecting your health in specific ways. Is your <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vo2-max-explained-what-is-good-how-improve-2024-3">VO2 max</a> improving? Do you have fewer colds during flu season than you used to? These are the kinds of simple check-ins that can help determine if a supplement is doing something for you."Have at least one marker that you can follow, an objective marker, to make sure that it's actually helping you," Bischof said. "Do not take something where you think it might help. You need to have an objective measure that will confirm that it works for you at this dose, at this frequency, at this age, in your current situation."

Longevity doctors are scrambling to get patients to stop taking flashy, expensive supplements

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Nestlé and L'Oréal are betting on a longevity supplement made from pomegranate juice

Hilary Brueck

Jillian Michaels says she can 'slow aging' by eating healthy and exercising no more than 2 hours a week, and experts say she's on to something

Rachel Hosie

Longevity doctors are scrambling to get patients to stop taking flashy, expensive supplements

Hilary Brueck

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