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New Delhi, About 90 per cent of the Himalayan Region will experience drought lasting over a year if global warming increases by 3 degrees Celsius, according to new research. The findings, published in the journal Climatic Change, show that 80 per cent of the increased human exposure to heat stress in <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="india" source="keywords">India</keyword> can be avoided by adhering to Paris Agreement's temperature goals of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to 3 degrees Celsius warming. <br /><br />The team led by researchers at the University of East Anglia (<keyword id="20773290" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="uea" source="keywords">UEA</keyword>) in the UK quantified how climate change risks to human and natural systems increase at a national scale as the level of global warming increases. <br /><br />A collection of eight studies -- all focusing on India, Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Ghana -- shows that the risks of drought, flooding, declines in crop yields, and loss of biodiversity and natural capital greatly increase for each additional degree of global warming. <br /><br />It found that in India pollination is reduced by half at 3-4 degrees global warming compared to a quarter reduction at 1.5 degrees. <br /><br />Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius allows half the country to act as a refuge for biodiversity, compared with 6 per cent at 3 degrees, the researchers said. <br /><br />The team found very large increases in the exposure of agricultural land to drought with 3 degrees Celsius warming - more than 50 per cent of the agricultural land in each of the countries studied is projected to be exposed to severe droughts of longer than one year over a 30-year period. <br /><br />However, limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius would reduce the increase in exposure of agricultural land to drought by between 21 per cent (India) and 61 per cent (Ethiopia) as well as reduce economic damages due to fluvial flooding. This happens when rivers and streams break their banks and the water flows out onto the adjacent low-lying areas. <br /><br />Avoided increases in human exposure to severe drought are also 20-80 per cent lower at 1.5 degrees Celsius than 3 degrees Celsius across the six countries, the researchers said. <br /><br />Economic damages associated with sea-level rise are projected to increase in coastal nations, but more slowly if warming was limited to 1.5 degrees Celsius, they said. <br /><br />The researchers warned that more effort is needed to reduce global warming, as currently the policies in place globally are likely to result in 3 degrees Celsius of global warming. <br /><br />One paper explored the risks to plants and vertebrates due to increases in global warming, and another developed a new natural capital risk register for each of the six countries that also included the projected changes in the risk stemming from future human population changes. <br /><br />This combination shows that many areas in the six countries are already at high natural capital risk at 1.5 degrees Celsius when effects of increasing human population are accounted for. <br /><br />The findings also showed that an expansion of protected area networks is necessary in order to deliver climate resilient biodiversity conservation. <br /><br />"The results presented in this collection confirm the need for the implementation of climate policies aligned to the Paris Agreement limits if widespread and escalating climate change risk is to be avoided," said lead author of the paper, Professor <keyword id="20773288" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rachel-warren" source="keywords">Rachel Warren</keyword>, from the UEA. <br /><br />"They provide additional confirmation of the rapid escalation of climate change risks with global warming found in the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 2022 report, which identifies how the risk of severe consequences increases with every additional increment of global warming," <keyword id="20540591" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="warren" source="keywords">Warren</keyword> said. <br /><br />Although these studies focus on the risks to six countries only, other nations are projected to experience similar issues, the researchers said. <br /><br /> Greater emphasis needs to be placed on both climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation to avoid large increases in risk to both human and natural systems, they said. <br /><br />"For example, a good way to combat the effects of climate change on natural systems and soak up carbon from the atmosphere is to restore ecosystems to their natural state, especially if warming can be held to 2 degrees Celsius or less. This has the additional benefit of restoring the natural capital bank in these areas," said study co-author <keyword id="20773289" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="jeff-price" source="keywords">Jeff Price</keyword>, also from the UEA. <br /><br />The work focuses on developing countries as they tend to be more vulnerable to climate change than others.  Spanning the continents of Asia, Africa, and South America, the case studies present examples of both large and small countries and cover a range of levels of socioeconomic development. <br /><br /> The risks assessed are the additional risks due to anthropogenic or human-induced climate change corresponding to the elevated global warming in comparison with a baseline of levels of risk in 1961-1990, when warming was approximately 0.3 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. <br /><br /> Together the studies provide a harmonised assessment for the six countries of projected changes in exposure of humans and land to climate-related hazards, such as drought, water stress, fluvial and coastal flooding, and the projected effects of climate change on biodiversity, as well as the economic and societal implications of climate risks.

About 90% of Himalayas will face year-long drought at 3 degrees warming says new study

Overweight women are more likely to experience symptoms of long <keyword id="8764262" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="covid" source="Orion">Covid</keyword>, according to a new research. The study from the University of East Anglia (UEA) shows that having a higher <keyword id="577165" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="body-mass" source="Orion">Body Mass</keyword> Index (BMI) is linked with the condition, and that women are more likely to experience long Covid than men. It is one of the largest studies on long Covid in the UK, the study said.<br /><br />The research, published in PLOS Global Public Health, also shows that people with long Covid were much more likely to need additional, and often lasting, care at the National Health System (NHS) than those who make a swift recovery.<br /><br />"Long Covid is a complex condition that develops during or after having Covid, and it is classified as such when symptoms continue for more than 12 weeks," said Professor <keyword id="15668264" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="vassilios-vassiliou" source="Orion">Vassilios Vassiliou</keyword>, from UEA's Norwich Medical School.<br /><br />"Just over two million people in the UK are thought to suffer with long Covid and it affects people in different ways. Breathlessness, a cough, heart palpitations, headaches, and severe fatigue are among the most prevalent symptoms," said <keyword id="5359211" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="vassiliou" source="Orion">Vassiliou</keyword>.<br /><br />"Other symptoms may include chest pain or tightness, brain fog, insomnia, dizziness, joint pain, depression and anxiety, tinnitus, loss of appetite, headaches, and changes to sense of smell or taste," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"We wanted to find out what factors might make people more or less susceptible to developing long Covid," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />The research team surveyed patients in Norfolk, UK, who had received a positive Covid PCR test result in 2020. A total of 1,487 people took part in an online survey which covered long-Covid symptoms such as breathlessness, chest pain, fatigue, memory problems, and anxiety.<br /><br />They found that more than half of the participants (774) were experiencing at least one long Covid symptom, showing a high self-reported prevalence.<br /><br />Next, they looked to see what factors might make people more or less likely to suffer the condition by looking at the participants' medical records.<br /><br />Factors including BMI, sex, medication use, other health conditions, and whether they lived in a deprived area were taken into account.<br /><br />"We show that more than a half of the survey respondents who tested positive for Covid in the East of England during the first year of the pandemic went on to report long Covid symptoms," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"All of these people were infected in the months before the Covid vaccination programme was rolled out and they suffered from numerous new symptoms that were not present before their Covid infection," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"Interestingly, we found that more women than men had long Covid symptoms. We also found that having a higher BMI was linked with long Covid."<br /><br />"This is really important because information like this can be used to profile those people who are 'at risk' of developing long Covid," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"We also found that people with long Covid were over three times more likely to use healthcare services than those who didn't display long Covid symptoms," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"We hope that our work will help policymakers plan local services and also inform the wider public of the scale of the long Covid pandemic," said Vassiliou.<br /><br />"When COVID-19 struck it was new to everyone. All clinicians and the wider health and care system worked extremely hard together to deal with the impacts of the virus and protect our people and communities," said Dr. <keyword id="15668263" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="mark-lim" source="Orion">Mark Lim</keyword>, interim service director of the Norfolk and Waveney Integrated Care Board.<br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/indias-mfg-pmi-hits-3-month-high-in-nov-amid-expansion-in-production-slowdown-in-inflation-sp/articleshow/95905921.cms">India's mfg PMI hits 3-month high in Nov amid expansion in production, slowdown in inflation: S&amp;P</a><br /></strong><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/wipro-infrastructure-engineering-acquires-pune-based-linecraft-ai-for-an-undisclosed-sum/articleshow/95905792.cms"><strong>Wipro Infrastructure Engineering acquires Pune-based Linecraft.ai for an undisclosed sum</strong></a><br />

Long Covid linked with increased body weight : Study

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Shutterstock</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li>Researchers have uncovered a link between severe weather conditions, such as extreme drought or heat, and the global consumption of beer.</li><li>Rising global temperatures could hinder the production of barley - the main ingredient in beer.</li><li>Without enough supply to meet demand, the world could face a <span>16% decline in global beer consumption, with beer prices skyrocketing across nations.</span></li></ul><p>Rising global temperatures affect not only our safety, but <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0">what we eat and drink</a> as well.</p><p>In recent years, scientists have uncovered a link between climate change and our consumption of popular items like <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/food/2018/sep/16/climate-change-wine-industry-bordeaux-california">wine</a> and <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/09/11/550169720/coffee-bees-and-climate-change-are-linked-in-ways-you-may-not-have-expected">coffee</a>. Now, an upcoming study from the <a href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/">University of East Anglia</a><span> (UEA) has found a link between extreme weather and how much beer we drink.</span></p><p><span>Instead of attempting to predict future events, the researchers asked themselves a question: W</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">hat would happen to the beer industry tomorrow if it experienced the most severe form of drought or heat anticipated by scientists in the coming years?</span></p><p><span>According to the researchers, whose findings will appear in <a href="https://www.nature.com/nplants/">Nature Plants</a>, these extreme weather conditions could spur a 16% decline in global beer consumption. That's equivalent to 29 billion liters, or the amount of beer consumed annually in the US. </span></p><p><span>The issue is one of supply, not demand. In the event of a modern climate-related disaster, farmers could have trouble producing barley - the main ingredient in beer. </span></p><p><span>That's bad news for the global beer market, which is <a href="https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2018/03/02/1414335/0/en/Global-Beer-Market-Predicted-to-Reach-by-750-00-Billion-in-2022.html">predicted to reach</a> $750 billion by 2022. It's also bad news for consumers, who could see beer prices double worldwide. </span></p><p><span>The effects would be particularly acute in China, the world's biggest beer consumer. If extreme heat or drought were to strike tomorrow, the nation could see its consumption decline by around 10%, or more than 12 billion cans of beer. By contrast, the US could see its consumption decline by up to 20%, or nearly ten billion cans of beer. </span></p><p><span>The study predicts the largest price increases in affluent, beer-loving countries like Ireland, whose six-packs could cost an extra $21 each. </span></p><p><span>In addition to these economic effects, a global beer shortage might have a number of social and political consequences. According to <span style="font-weight: 400;">one of the study's authors, Dabo Guan, climate change could ultimately trigger a new kind of <a href="https://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/prohibition">prohibition</a>, wherein beer becomes a luxury good that's no longer available to the working class.  </span></span></p><p>"<span style="font-weight: 400;">We're not writing this piece to encourage people to drink more today than they would tomorrow," said<span> Guan. </span>"What we're saying is that...if </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">people still want to have a pint of beer while they watch football, we have to do something about climate change."</span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-caffeine-does-body-brain-2017-3">Here's what caffeine does to your body and brain</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

A global beer shortage could be triggered by extreme weather, causing beer prices to skyrocket worldwide

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/fish-oil-pills-hand-1109317925?src=XAlDlkU2TQ_ilnzKZv_1Sg-4-31">Baoyan zeng / Shutterstock</a></span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul><li><strong>A new Cochrane review has found omega-3 supplement pills probably don't do that much for our health.</strong></li><li><strong>Out of over 112,000 people, 8.8% died while taking fish oil pills, compared to 9% of those who didn't take any.</strong></li><li><strong>This is not a significant difference. </strong></li><li><strong>For some reason, we have been looking at omega-3 as a magical pill for health and intelligence for a long time. </strong></li><li><strong>But it's becoming increasingly clear this is not the case.</strong></li></ul><p><br />There's a growing body of evidence to suggest <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-vitamins-should-i-take-2015-10" target="_blank" rel="noopener">most vitamin supplements don't do all that much</a>. In fact, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/most-vitamin-supplements-are-useless-according-to-new-study-2018-5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a study earlier this year</a> found how some of the most popular vitamin supplements, including vitamin C and calcium, don't really have major health benefits.</p><p>The next pill in the firing line is fish oil. Also known as omega-3, fish oil has been widely publicised as being protective against heart disease, but according to a new Cochrane review, <a href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/about/-/omega-3-supplements-have-little-or-no-heart-or-vascular-health-benefit" target="_blank" rel="noopener">led by the University of East Anglia</a>, the supplements offer little benefit to those taking them.</p><p>Omega-3 fats like alpha­linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, are certainly good for you, because they are essential for our health.</p><p>But the review, which combined the results from 79 different trials, involving over 112,000 people, found that omega-3 supplements like fish oils didn't seem to protect the heart.</p><p>Participants were randomly assigned to either increase their omega-3 fat intake, or maintain their usual amount of fat in their diet for a year, then they were assessed for diseases of the heart and circulation.</p><p>Results showed no significant difference in death rates, with 8.8% of people taking omega-3 dying compared to 9% of those in control groups. There was also no significant difference in the rates of heart attacks or strokes.</p><p>Lee Hooper, a researcher at UEA's Norwich Medical School, who led the study, said the results show there is little evidence that omega-3 pills benefit the heart, or reduce the risk of death from any cause.</p><p><a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/omega-3-pills-and-fish-oil-useless-for-preventing-disease-vh6zjtwdf?CMP=Sprkr-_-Editorial-_-TheTimesandTheSundayTimes-_-Unspecified-_-FBPAGE" target="_blank" rel="noopener">She told The Times</a> it's much better to include oily fish in your diet rather than take supplements, because it's not just the omega-3 you're ingesting.</p><p>"You're also getting a protein source that replaces something else in your diet like saturated fat, and seafood has selenium, iron and vitamin D. All of these are useful nutrients," she said.</p><p>She added that the review did find some evidence that one omega-3 fat alpha­linolenic acid (ALA), found in rapeseed or canola oil and walnuts, may be slightly protective against heart and circulation diseases.</p><p>"However, the effect is very small," she said. "143 people would need to increase their ALA intake to prevent one person developing arrhythmia. One thousand people would need to increase their ALA intake to prevent one person dying of coronary heart disease or experiencing a cardiovascular event."</p><p>Fish oil seems to have been blown up in our health estimations for a long time. Over a decade ago, 3,000 children in Durham were given fish oil to see if it improved GCSE performance. Academics, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/sep/27/medicalresearch" target="_blank" rel="noopener">including journalist and doctor Ben Goldacre</a>, pointed out this wasn't how a scientific study should be conducted - there was no control group, and it would likely produce false positive results.</p><p>The results were further skewed by the fact over 2,000 children dropped out of the trial. But this didn't stop journalists picking up on the line that "832 pupils had 80% or greater compliance."</p><p>Journalists also jumped on a story that suggested omega-3 improved school performance and behaviour in children, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jun/05/bad-science-omega3-fish-oil" target="_blank" rel="noopener">despite no paper saying anything of the sort</a>.</p><p>This isn't to say omega-3 is useless for everything. It's a staple of our diet, just as many vitamins and minerals are. But what's becoming increasingly clear is that if you're looking for a magical supplement pill to work wonders on your health or mental agility, you probably won't find one.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-helium-changes-your-voice-2018-6">The fascinating way helium changes your voice</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

Omega-3 supplements are essentially useless for preventing diseases, according to a new study

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://pictures.reuters.com/">REUTERS/Phil Noble</a></span></p><p class="caption">UKIP leader Nigel Farage.</p></div><p></p></div></div>LONDON - After weeks of legal debate, the government has to commit to <span>allowing Parliament <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/supreme-court-brexit-article-50-case-verdict-gina-miller-theresa-may-mp-vote-2017">to vote on the triggering of Article 50.</a></span></p><p><span>But, despite the variety of MPs' opinions over how the government should negotiate leaving the European Union, they're unlikely to oppose the Brexit process itself. </span></p><p>This is because the hundreds of British members of parliament who campaigned against Brexit face a big problem. </p><p>Around 74% of the <keyword id="6354868" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="UK">UK</keyword>'s 650 MPs were <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/tory-peer-lord-hill-hard-brexit-is-stupid-brexit-2016-10">in favour of remaining in the European Union</a>.</p><p>But when the referendum vote is applied to traditional parliamentary constituencies, rather than the total percentages used to calculate the vote, <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/brexit-article-50-european-union-theresa-may-charts-2016-9">only around 39% of constituency seats voted to Remain.</a></p><p>This is <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/brexit-article-50-european-union-theresa-may-charts-2016-9">according to data from the University of East Anglia compiled by analysts at Nomura in a note to clients last year.</a> The analysis comes courtesy of the <a href="http://chrishanretty.co.uk/blog/">UEA's Chris Hanretty.</a></p><p>Leave beat Remain by a close 51.9% to 48.1% in the official result of the June referendum.</p><p>But now that the result rests with MPs, the parliamentary system has magnified the margin to something closer to 61% to 39%, <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/donald-tusk-says-hard-brexit-or-no-brexit-2016-10">which means that a so-called hard Brexit deal will be politically harder to oppose.</a> Labour Leader Jeremy Corbyn, a former campaigner for the UK to remain in the European Union, has said his party won't stand in the way of starting the formal talks to leave the European Union.</p><p>Here's the chart:</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Nomura</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>And here's Nomura (emphasis ours):</p><p style="padding-left: 30px;"><span>"When you think of it like that, it becomes quite clear as to why MPs have so quickly accepted the result of the referendum (even if against their own opinions) </span><strong>but especially why the conservatives have turned so "Hard Brexit" (Conservatives have three times more leave constituency results than remain)."</strong></p><p>It's particularly a problem for Labour MPs, which had a high proportion of pro-Remain MPs with pro-Leave voting constituents for the referendum.</p><p>Here's that chart:</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Nomura</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>As the voice of the opposition, a weakened Labour parliamentary presence is bad news for those that did vote Remain. </span></p><p><span>Here's Nomura again (emphasis ours):</span></p><p style="padding-left: 30px;"><span>"More importantly we would point out that for<span> Labour they have<span> a much larger leave result than remain too so whilst they may try to soften the negotiating stance of the government in parliament via any vote it is hard to see that they don't eventually vote it through (no matter how vague the aims of negotiation are).</span></span></span></p><p style="padding-left: 30px;">"So whilst there will undoubtedly be a lot of political noise within the chamber, whether a vote on Article 50 is triggered in parliament or not should not materially change the end game, <strong>the UK is heading towards a Hard Brexit."</strong></p><p><span>That is maybe why it feels like Labour isn't getting tough on Conservative ministers who are pushing for a hard Brexit, which involves leaving the European Union without any special trade deals in place. The MPs have got one eye on Brexit and the other on the next election.</span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/polling-analyst-matt-singh-explains-what-threw-off-all-the-brexit-polls-2016-9">The only person who was right about the general election tells us what threw off all the Brexit polls</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="g1MzNvNTE6az7BjvpEmRa3waqiCRlHDL" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

MPs won't oppose Brexit because the constituency vote for Leave is far greater than the national vote

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Ben Birchall - WPA Pool / Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">Director of GCHQ Robert Hannigan.</p></div><p></p></div></div>The head of GCHQ is striking a conciliatory tone, calling for a "new relationship" between tech companies and the <keyword id="6354868" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="UK">UK</keyword> government, <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/12186741/GCHQ-chief-offers-olive-branch-to-technology-firms-in-online-privacy-row.html">The Telegraph reports</a>, as debate rages over privacy, security, and encryption.</p><p>Speaking at MIT, Robert Hannigan said "we should be bridging the divide, sharing ideas and building a constructive dialogue in a less highly-charged atmosphere." He calls for a "a new forum to facilitate this," and said that the Prime Minister will be providing more details on how he intends to achieve this in the "coming months."</p><p>Hannigan's speech is much less inflammatory than his previous remarks on cybersecurity.</p><p>Shortly after he became director of GCHQ in November 2014, he wrote <a href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/c89b6c58-6342-11e4-8a63-00144feabdc0.html#axzz42J5c1AQp">a column for The Financial Times</a> in which he said that US tech companies' platforms have "become the command-and-control networks of choice for terrorists and criminals."</p><p>Hannigan's new speech comes at a time of unprecedented public debate over security in the digital age. In the US, the FBI is using the courts to try and force Apple help it break into an encrypted iPhone that was owned by a terrorist, with Apple countering that building the software necessary would be too dangerous.</p><p>And in the UK, the Investigatory Powers Bill is making its way through Parliament. It's the Conservative government's flagship new proposed spying law, that will for the first time lay a clear legal framework for spooks' activities in the digital age.</p><p>But it's also proving highly divisive: An earlier draft was heavily criticised by three Parliamentary committees, with one <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/intelligence-and-security-committee-attacks-uk-investigatory-powers-bill-on-privacy-2016-2">calling the bill at times</a> "inconsistent and largely incomprehensible."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://www.defenceimagery.mod.uk/fotoweb/Preview.fwx?&amp;position=1&amp;archiveType=ImageFolder&amp;archiveId=5046&amp;albumId=5046&amp;sorting=ModifiedTimeAsc&amp;search=gchq&amp;fileId=EFCC51FEE65DA414D18085DA188CAB45524FFC4F7A63A403C47E17A8BEF1E554B796D6EA4FD91784A04B36049843E1FB56B129047A099FD2D25A96AF157CFA798537505518A64E1D7223C7BEF938E9802350D35AD81AD47449121340787EA7F8CAC212A02A3653CDA3B78F2DBEE2F36624CD2B3360B536AE154A33EC50FB583C17B2A43A4896F43AFE8319368DFBC3E17F5E031861D53C8D49E2289002397F880164064317BCCD0D1EBAE87CB7A0849B5F8CD3B87CFAE84BAADF759B84C5DF8E">Ministry of Defence</a></span></p><p class="caption">GCHQ's headquarters.</p></div><p></p></div></div>One key concern is encryption. Privacy advocates are worried that provisions in the Investigatory Powers Bill may require to weaken their encryption or otherwise introduce backdoors for law enforcement access. Hannigan denied this is the case. "I am not in favour of banning encryption. Nor am I asking for mandatory backdoors," he said. "I am puzzled by the caricatures in the current debate, where almost every attempt to tackle the misuse of encryption by criminals and terrorists is seen as a 'backdoor.' It is an over-used metaphor, or at least mis-applied in many cases, and I think it illustrates the confusion of the ethical debate in what is a highly-charged and technically complex area."</p><p>Not everyone is convinced, however. <a href="https://twitter.com/PaulbernalUK/status/707111784424071168">UEA law lecturer Paul Bernal said on Twitter on Tuesday morning</a> that his reading of the bill is that it could "probably" allow the UK government to order the creation of secret backdoors, although the bill's language is "(deliberately?) unclear."</p><h3>Here are more of Hannigan's comments, <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/12186741/GCHQ-chief-offers-olive-branch-to-technology-firms-in-online-privacy-row.html">via The Telegraph</a>:</h3><p style="padding-left: 30px;">We recognise that we need a new relationship between the tech sector, academia, civil society and Government agencies."</p><p style="padding-left: 30px;">I've no doubt that we will need a new forum to facilitate this, bringing together the tech industry, Government agencies, academia and civil society. A space where we can build confidence, have a frank dialogue and work out how we can best tackle the problems we all recognise within the law.</p><p style="padding-left: 30px;">For our part we're fully committed to a collaborative approach and want to support this actively. The Prime Minister will be setting out further details in the coming months on how the UK Government plans to facilitate this dialogue.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/text-message-mistakes-relationships-aziz-ansari-eric-klinenberg-2016-2">Avoid these 5 mistakes when texting someone you want to date</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="djZXY4MTE6MRGnyO33CF6FT0sP1C4uTX" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

The head of GCHQ wants a 'new relationship' with tech companies

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="Mario Tama/Getty Images" title_caption="My commute adds up to 204 extra hours of exercise per year." class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/54e76abcecad04f06be01aab-960/business-men-women-walking-new-york-city-2.jpg"><span class="sprites click-to-enlarge-icon" title="Click to enlarge"></span></a><p class="source"><span>Mario Tama/Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">My commute adds up to 204 extra hours of exercise per year.</p></div><p></p></div></div>The daily commute has often been labeled as a necessary evil. It's stressful, expensive, and exhausting - but inevitable.</p><p><a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/03/05/americans-commutes-not-getting-longer/1963409/">USA Today has reported</a> that the average American spends 51 minutes a day getting to and from work. That adds up to 204 hours a year spent commuting, an alarming statistic to scientists, who have found that <a href="http://time.com/9912/10-things-your-commute-does-to-your-body/">commuting can have a severe, negative impact on your mental and physical health</a>.</p><p>Rather than waste those hours sitting on a subway, I decided to make the most of them.</p><p>When I moved to New York's Manhattan last month to start a new job, I chose to turn the necessary evil into a mini workout and money-saver by walking the 1.6 miles to my office every weekday. I spend<span> 30 to 35 minutes walking each way, which is double the time public transportation would take but well worth the earlier wake-up call.</span> </p><p>T<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">he daily 3.2-mile round trip burns about 250 calories, amounting to roughly 5,000 extra calories per month and 60,000 per year. </span></p><p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">On top of the built-in exercise, I cut $112 - the price of New York's monthly metro pass - from my expenses; and because the commute doubles as my exercise, I save an additional $50 that would go towards a gym membership.<span style="background-color: #ffff00;"></span></span></p><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">In addition to the physical and economic benefits, my active commute is better for my well-being, according to research conducted by health economists at the <a href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/">University of East Anglia</a> (UEA) and the <a href="http://www.cedar.iph.cam.ac.uk/">Center for Diet and Activity Research</a> (CEDAR). </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">After analyzing 18 years of data on nearly 18,000 commuters, the <a href="https://www.uea.ac.uk/mac/comm/media/press/2014/september/active-commuting-benefits">researchers found</a> "</span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"></span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">that the longer people spend commuting in cars, the worse their psychological well-being. And correspondingly, people feel better when they have a longer walk to work."</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><span> </span></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><span>One reason walking to work may improve well-being is that it provides a feeling of control over your schedule. "<span>People who walk or cycle to work are less likely to get held up in traffic than when traveling by car," lead researcher Adam Martin tells Business Insider, "so they don't have the stress of being unsure of when they'll get to work." </span></span></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><span><span> </span></span></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><span><span>While a </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">longer walk to work is ideal, a short walk is better than no walk. Martin explains that "</span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">a short routine walk to or from the railway station could also be beneficial." </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">If your office is not within walking distance, biking is just as helpful. Martin's research determined that cycling and walking have the same positive affect on mental health. </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Otherwise, consider making time for a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-times-7-minute-workout-app-2014-10">quick morning workout</a> to clear your mind and start your day on a positive note, or sneak in a walk during your lunch hour, which scientists says can <a href="http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/01/21/stressed-at-work-try-a-lunchtime-walk/">improve your mood and boost your productivity</a>.</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Whatever your method, find a way to stay active before, after, or within your hectic workday. It keeps the mind sharp and the body happy.</span> <span style="line-height: 1.5em;"></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/beauty-standards-family-values-china-2015-2">What the Chinese saying 'The ugly wife is a treasure at home' actually means</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="A2ZDA2czqSqbJOFG5SDDrvRmvRoUjAPm" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

I save $162 and burn an extra 5,000 calories each month by walking to work

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Level39/LootBank</span></p><p class="caption">Loot Bank's founding team. Ollie Purdue is pictured center.</p></div><p></p></div></div>Ollie Purdue finished university only last year, but he's about to launch a student money management startup that's raised £200,000 ($316,000) on the strength of little more than an idea.</p><p>Loot Bank is a smart money management app for students, linked to a pre-paid card. It's launching in two weeks to coincide with the start of the new university year.</p><p>"The way it works is when you open it up it already tells you how much you can spend," explains Purdue, who turned 22 last week. "It's based on total balance, outgoings, and projected spending.</p><p>"This is the thing with students, every three months they'll get £1,000 ($1,580), or £1,500 ($2,370), so the total balance is less important because if I open up the app it could say I've got £2,000 ($3,160) but I don't know if that's £10 ($15) a day or if I've got loads of money. For instance, I went out and bought a TV when I got my student loan and got sky-diving lessons. Actually I only had about £20 ($31) a day."</p><p>Purdue says half of all students download a money management app at uni, equivalent to one million students. He had the idea for the business while studying law at the University of the West of England and struggling with money management apps that were available.</p><p>After graduating last year, he took the idea to a "pre-accelerator," called Fast Forward, in London that helped Purdue develop the idea.</p><p>"We met some really great guys there who helped us with the financing we need, the business plan, the contacts - I was straight out of uni and didn't know anyone.</p><p>"They set up meetings and kind of leapfrogged us to the place where October last year we were in a good position as a business. It took from June to October to get that right. In that time, I met a lot of bankers to see what they think."</p><p>Purdue built a prototype of the app with only three working buttons and took it to potential investors, one of whom was Nick Wheeler, the founder of shirtmaker Charles Tyrwhitt.</p><p>"I showed him the app," Purdue remembers. "He actually took it off my hands at one point and he pressed the right button luckily."</p><p>Loot Bank ended up raising £200,000 from Wheeler and 7 city bankers.</p><p>Loot's pre-paid card will launch in partnerships with LSE, UEA, and Bath initially, as well as smaller marketing drives in universities like Buckinghamshire. Loot is targeting international students and is hoping to sign up 1,000 this year.</p><p>Purdue explains the difficulty international students face banking in the <keyword id="6354868" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="UK">UK</keyword>, saying: "You can't open [a bank account] before you get here and even when you land it can take weeks or months."</p><p>"We can sign a user up on our card on our KYC [known your customer, an anti-fraud and money laundering proceedure] process, but impose a limit of £2,000 <span>($3,160)</span>, so they can still use their card on the day they get it even if we don't know things like their address.</p><p>"We can onboard a customer in two minutes. We just need date of birth, name, email address - really basic. Then we can do stuff like scan their passport and post them a letter to verify their address later."</p><p>It's this ability to quickly sign up new customers, while also maintaining anti-fraud and money laundering protection, that has got big banks interested. Royal Bank of Scotland is one of three big banks in talks with Loot to launch a Loot-branded current account next year.</p><p>Purdue says: "Bigger banks, slower banks, they don't make any money out of students and they don't want to make a competing brand against us. It's much cheaper for a bank to try and work with us than compete with us."</p><p>Loot plans to make money by charging transaction fees on its pre-paid cards - such as 75p to withdraw cash - and through targeted offers within the app.</p><p>"We know where they're spending their money, how much they're spending," he say. "We would never give your details to a brand, but we can say we'll put your offer there and then track if it's used, and if they go back and spend money. It's kind of like an anonymous marketing tool."</p><p>"We're talking to five [brands] and we should have one by the time we launch. They're all majors in different categories. One's for clothing, one's for groceries, one's a coffee shop - it should be good."</p><p>Loot Bank also plans to raise a series A round of funding next year - but first Purdue needs to get the first term launch out of the way.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/uber-helicopters-nyc-airports-low-price-gotham-air-2015-6">The 'Uber of helicopters' can get you from Manhattan to JFK for much less than you think </a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="tuMGh4dTrxXrtV4qUhqZEiSDVwRtqa4G" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

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