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An affordable <keyword id="9107118" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="tuberculosis-testing" source="Orion">tuberculosis testing</keyword> technology that can detect the disease using a patient's sputum for just Rs 35 has been developed by apex medical research body <keyword id="19918794" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ICMR" source="keywords">ICMR</keyword>'s regional centre in Assam's Dibrugarh. The 'A <keyword id="19986036" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CRISPR" source="keywords">CRISPR</keyword> case-based TB detection system' is light, portable and involves three steps of testing. Over 1,500 samples can be tested in one single run in around two-and-half hours, ICMR sources said. Conventional diagnostic techniques for TB commonly rely on culture, which requires 42 days to confirm as TB negative, microscopy, and nucleic acid-based methods. These are also time-consuming and may require sophisticated equipment. An official said, "<keyword id="19992404" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Tuberculosis" source="keywords">Tuberculosis</keyword> (TB) remains a global health challenge, necessitating the development of accurate and rapid diagnostic tools for effective disease management. Current <keyword id="22921102" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="diagnostic-methods" source="keywords">diagnostic methods</keyword> often exhibit limitations in terms of sensitivity, specificity, speed and cost, emphasising the need for innovative approaches". Additionally, some molecular diagnostic methods, while offering improved sensitivity, may lack the desired specificity or face challenges associated with cost and ease of handling. "Considering these problems, the CRISPR-Cas12a-based molecular diagnostic system 'GlowTBPCRKit' coupled with an amplification step (using thermal cycler) and the '<keyword id="22921103" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="RapidGlow-device" source="keywords">RapidGlow device</keyword>' provides a promising solution," the official said. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has now invited Expression of Interest (EoI) from eligible organisations, companies, manufacturers for undertaking 'Transfer of Technology' for commercialisation of the 'A CRISPR case-based TB detection system' for the detection of <keyword id="20115212" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mycobacterium-tuberculosis" source="keywords">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</keyword>. The ICMR-RMRCNE institute will provide expert guidance and technical support for the production of 'A CRISPR Cas based TB detection system' in all phases. Such technical oversight by the institute would accelerate the development of the product and its commercialisation. The ICMR would also provide technical support through its team of experienced scientists in study, planning, product development, development of study protocol, results or data analysis, outcome assessment, safety and efficacy assessment, product improvement, etc., if deemed fit upon the mutual understanding between ICMR and collaborative company. The apex health research body through its institutes would provide support and facilitation to conduct the research and development or clinical study of new technology or product in India through its affiliates or institutes, in collaboration with the company and institutions in a professional and mutually agreed upon manner and timelines.

ICMR's regional centre develops technology that can test for tuberculosis in just Rupees 35!

<ul><li><keyword id="11585629" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Baptist-Christian-Hospital">Baptist Christian Hospital</keyword> has integrated Qure.ai’s <keyword id="107950" type="TECHNOLOGY" weightage="20" keywordseo="artificial-intelligence">artificial intelligence</keyword> solution to read brain CT scans in a matter of seconds.</li><li>About 150 people are affected by strokes in Assam every day and 54,890 on a yearly basis.</li><li>Baptist Christian Hospital has been using the technology since March-April 2021 and has been diagnosing about 100 patients on a monthly basis.</li></ul> Nestled in the foothills of Himalayas, the Baptist Christian Hospital, in the Tezpur town of Assam, decided to move away from its traditional radiology solution in order to provide faster treatment to its patients affected by strokes and concussions. The hospital, which largely caters to the tea plantation workers in and around the town, has integrated Qure.ai’s artificial intelligence solution since then to read the brain CT scan in a matter of seconds. <div type="image" title="A small hospital in a remote corner of Assam is using AI to detect strokes in tea planters" msid="84194124" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Baptist Christian Hospital in Tezpur, Assam&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> Not many are aware, but strokes are one of the <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/health/haemorrhagic-stroke-rate-highest-in-india-s-northeastern-states/story-2A4TFEVpDvE34HAgqMaDLP.html">major causes</a> of death in the Assamese region. About 150 people are affected by strokes in Assam every day and 54,890 on a yearly basis, according to a<a href="https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-city/stroke-affects-54890-every-year-in-assam-gnrc/"> study</a> released by a local hospital GNRC in 2018. One of its previous <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/48-die-of-stroke-daily-in-assam-study/cid/1626782">reports</a> published in 2014 highlighted that 48 people die of these strokes in the state. The situation is definitely a tough one in the region and it is aggravated due to the lack of radiologists — medical practitioners who use medical imaging to diagnose and treat diseases on the scene. According to a Global Healthcare Insights <a href="https://globalhealthi.com/2017/04/20/medical-imaging-india/">report </a>published in 2017, there are about 10,000 practicing radiologists in India and it is not enough. Prashant <keyword id="1967905" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Warrier">Warrier</keyword>, co-founder and chief executive of Qure.ai, tells Business Insider that India has about 15,000 radiologists as of 2021 and they are usually concentrated in the metro or Tier I cities. This leads to people from suburban areas to either travel long distances to go to a healthcare facility or hospitals to rely on third-party radiologists. Both these solutions are not only inconvenient, but also not efficient. Dr. Jemin J Webster of the Baptist Christian Hospital highlights that they used to rely on tele-radiology services that took about two hours to get readings of routine scans and about half-an-hour to one hour to get reading on emergency cases. While the doctors too are self sufficient to handle such delays, but a quick reading can make a huge difference. The matters related to strokes and concussions are highly sensitive, as millions of brain cells are dying per minute. Even a delay of a few minutes can cause body functions like walking or talking to shut down. Therefore, Qure.ai decided to integrate its qER technology in Baptist Christian Hospital, a 130-bed secondary care hospital by non-profit Emmanuel Hospital Association of New Delhi. How does the qER actually work? Warrier expl<keyword id="6355999" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="ai">ai</keyword>ned that there are two parts to their artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled deep learning solution — the gateway and the application programming interface (API). The gateway are the x-ray machines and the computed tomography (CT) scan machines that collect the inputs from the healthcare centres and transfer it to the cloud. The API, then, scans, processes and creates a radiology report based on their algorithm. Notably, the company anonymises all the data before sending it from gateway to API to maintain users’ privacy. Baptist Christian Hospital has been using the technology since March-April 2021 and has been diagnosing about 100 patients on a monthly basis. Dr Webster noted that the technology has enabled them to get the test results much faster. “The report comes through two systems. One our original PACS system, a system through which we see whatever CT images we have done within our hospitals. The analysed reports are uploaded into the system also, and one more good thing is that they have integrated with messaging app Telegram. So whenever a CT for a patient is done, it comes with an alert on Telegram. In that manner, it is like you are pushing a patient for CT scan and by the time they are back, you get an alert on your phone with an analysis on their condition.” <div type="image" title="A small hospital in a remote corner of Assam is using AI to detect strokes in tea planters" msid="84194183" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;AI at Baptist Christian Hospital&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> Dr. Pooja Rao, co-founder and head of research and development (R&amp;D) at Qure.ai, emphasised that the data is accurate. The company has trained their deep learning algorithms with a large as well as diverse data bank sourced from research labs. The company also publishes its accuracy rate on a regular basis, peer review publications and keeps updating its technology often. Qure.ai has received US’s Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Europe’s CE certifications to validate this technology. Qure.ai has been using the same technology, with few variations, to detect tuberculosis and lung infections as well. Even the <keyword id="6356311" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="World-Health-Organisation">World Health Organisation</keyword> (WHO) has <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/340255/9789240022676-eng.pdf">validated</a> that Qure.AI’s tuberculosis diagnostic software can replace human specialists in its annual Integrated Tuberculosis Screening Guidelines. It also partnered with British-Swedish pharmaceutical firm AstraZeneca for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/astrazeneca-qure-ai-to-bring-ai-solutions-for-early-detection-of-lung-cancer/articleshow/79609309.cms">early detection</a> of lung cancer. The use cases of the technology can be further expanded to diagnose other health issues by training the algorithm, Dr Rao added. AI can essentially aid medical staff Over the last year, the company’s qXR technology is also being used to detect COVID-19 across the world and also carried out operations in remote parts of Maharashtra as well as Jharkhand. CEO Warrier added that Qure.ai’s lung X-Ray system, when coupled with other metrics oxygen saturation, temperature and more, can be used to diagnose COVID-19 in areas where RT-PCR tests are not available. He noted that AI can provide an alternative to a trained resource. <div type="image" title="A small hospital in a remote corner of Assam is using AI to detect strokes in tea planters" msid="84194361" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Qure.AI&amp;#39;s COVID-19 detection mechanism&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> Qure.ai’s CEO Warrier noted that the value of such AI solutions is much higher in lower income geographies and countries. He noted that even In India, the quality of care is much higher in big hospitals like Apollo and others, as they have quality radiologists. The quality of healthcare gets even better in high income countries. “The value [for such AI solutions] for a place like Assam is very different because they don't have a radiologist on duty and for them interpreting that scan is very challenging. You are basically asking somebody who's not a radiologist to interpret the scan and correspondingly act on that patient during surgery, administering a blood thinner or something like that. The value in Assam, or Africa or Southeast Asian countries is tremendous because we can help those non-radiologists interpret x-rays or CT scans without necessarily getting radiologist input, ” he added. A team of researchers led by Professor Alastair Denniston from the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom conducted a study in 2019, to determine whether AI can diagnose illnesses as effectively as healthcare professionals. The study <a href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326460#AI-on-a-par-with-healthcare-professionals">noted</a> that AI correctly diagnoses diseases in 87% of the cases, whereas detection by healthcare professionals yielded an 86% accuracy rate. The specificity for deep learning algorithms was 93%, compared with humans’ at 91%. Qure.ai has raised about $16 million to date from Sequoia Capital India and MassMutual Ventures Southeast Asia. It has marked its presence across 450 sites across 40 countries over the years. It also has its presence across Maharashtra, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and few other Indian cities, but its head CT scan feature is only being used in Assam’s Baptist Christian Hospital at the moment. *The quotes have been edited for clarity of language SEE ALSO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/groovy-earned-15-crores-just-by-selling-juices-during-covid-19-pandemic/articleshow/84166874.cms">A startup that earned ₹15 crore selling juices in India’s suburbs is now looking at international expansion</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/failure-to-pivot-covid-19-blues-force-amazon-backed-shuttl-to-look-for-a-buyer/articleshow/84056797.cms">Failure to pivot, COVID-19 blues force Amazon-backed Shuttl to look for a buyer</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/indian-businesses-have-raised-about-4-1-billion-of-capital-in-the-month-of-june-2021-across-121-deals/slidelist/84174428.cms">Fogg, Byju’s and PharmEasy grabbed the biggest investments of June 2021— here’s more</a>

A small hospital in a remote corner of Assam is using AI to detect strokes in tea planters

Dubai, Jul 8 () The UAE is considering to use sniffer dogs to sniff out COVID-19 positive cases from the crowd after experiments indicate that the canines would be able to quickly detect infected cases. The UAE Ministry of Interior has completed trials on K9 police dogs who may now be employed to help them curb the spread of COVID-19, the Khaleej Times reported. The move to use canines to sniff out COVID-19 cases comes after the successful completion of practical experiments and scientific studies. Figures from the experiments indicate that the canines would be able to quickly detect infected cases, help protect key sites, deal with huge crowds and secure large events, airports, and other places, the daily said. Samples from the armpits of presumed COVID-19 cases were used in the experiments and the dogs were made to sniff out cases from the samples without coming into contact with the persons. The results were quick and declared on the spot. The UAE has also completed the field experimentation stage and it was done in cooperation with the UAE Police General Commanders, the Ministry of Health and Community Development, Federal Customs Authority, Departments of Customs in Abu Dhabi and Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Dubai Health Authorities, and the Ministry of Interior. Data and studies from the stage showed an overall accuracy of approximately 92 per cent in the detection of presumed COVID-19 cases, the daily said. Experiments were also conducted at field hospitals on volunteers. They were based on two methods - the first one was the direct method and involved the dog's routine detection work, while the second on was indirect in which the dog was made to sniff out a sample odour of a presumed case. The Ministry of Interior and its partners decided to use dogs given their proven capability in dealing with other contagious diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria. The ministry also held several workshops and cooperated with other countries and experts on theoretical studies and discussions on the use of dogs in detecting COVID-19 cases, the report said. Trained detection dogs are known for their extraordinary capabilities and skills, especially their strong sense of smell. That is the reason canines are used by the police to help them secure malls, events, airports and other vital facilities. PMS PMS

UAE to use sniffer dogs to detect COVID-19 cases in crowd

<ul><li>New AI will decode doctor's handwritten prescriptions for you.</li><li><keyword id="6355629" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="google" source="Orion">Google</keyword> is also bringing <keyword id="15830279" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="project-relate" source="Orion">project Relate</keyword> to India for people with non-standard speech patterns.</li><li>Below, check out the top highlights of the ‘<keyword id="3173623" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Google-for-india" source="Orion">Google for India</keyword>’ event.</li></ul>California-based technology giant Google has announced a slew of new features at its ‘Google for India 2022’ event on Dec 19, 2022. The company is bringing new safety features to Google-pay, a digital payment app, and integration for the Google Files app with the government’s <keyword id="11907269" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="digilocker" source="Orion">Digilocker</keyword> service. At the event, Google also emphasized the increased use of artificial intelligence across different platforms. Google also revealed its new AI to decipher doctors' handwritten prescriptions and a new multi-search feature allowing users to take screenshots and add text to queries. Meanwhile, the search giant also bought the ‘<keyword id="15833460" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="search-in-video" source="Orion">Search in Video</keyword>’ feature, which will add the option to search within the videos. The ‘Google for India’ event witnessed the presence of its CEO Sundar Pichai and Ashwini Vaishnav, the Minister of Railways, Communications, and Electronics &amp; Information Technology. Business Insider India brings you all the big announcements Google made at the ‘Google for India’ event yesterday. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Bringing internet in native languages" comment="subhead" text="Bringing internet in native languages">Bringing internet in native languages</cmsannotation> According to Google, Indian internet users can now read webpages in their native language. To make this work, Google has collaborated with the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, and worked on open-source speech data to bring bilingual search results. Moreover, Google has planned to build a unified model capable of handling more than 100 native languages of India. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Improved visual search" comment="subhead" text="Improved visual search">Improved visual search</cmsannotation> Google announced that they would make visual search more natural so that users can search simultaneously with text and images. The multi-search will be available in different languages from next year. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Improved speech recognition for 'Hinglish' language" comment="subhead" text="Improved speech recognition for 'Hinglish' language">Improved speech recognition for 'Hinglish' language</cmsannotation> Google is bringing an improved speech recognition model for the Hinglish language, a blend of English and Hindi language. The improved speech recognition model will be capable of understanding accents and the person's speaking style. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="New security features in Google Pay" comment="subhead" text="New security features in Google Pay">New security features in <keyword id="2750705" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="google-pay" source="Orion">Google Pay</keyword></cmsannotation> Now, Google Pay will be showing more warnings and security alerts for suspicious transactions. Google Pay will use deep learning-based advanced algorithms to detect fraud behavior. Apart from this, Google Pay also gets transaction search via voice feature. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Project Relate" comment="subhead" text="Project Relate">Project Relate</cmsannotation> Google is bringing project Relate to India. Project Relate is an app that helps people with non-standard speech patterns. With Project Relate, Google wants its Assistant to be more accessible in India. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="AI in agriculture" comment="subhead" text="AI in agriculture">AI in agriculture</cmsannotation> Google has announced using remote sensing capabilities to give an overview of agriculture capabilities in India. According to Google, it will help farmers with agriculture solutions at the ground level. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Health information on Youtube in the native language" comment="subhead" text="Health information on Youtube in the native language">Health information on Youtube in the native language</cmsannotation> In partnership with Manipal Hospitals, Narayana Health, Medanta, and more, Google will be offering content in multi-languages such as Tamil, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati, and more. Google will also provide tools to their health partners to develop content in their native language. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="AI in health" comment="subhead" text="AI in health">AI in health</cmsannotation> Using AI and machine learning technology, Google will help people identify medicine in handwritten prescriptions. Google is also working with Apollo on a project using AI to check an x-ray for tuberculosis. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/twitter-verification-what-do-the-grey-gold-blue-ticks-and-profile-labels-mean/articleshow/96275720.cms">Twitter verification: What do the grey, gold, blue ticks and profile labels mean?</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/upcoming-whatsapp-new-features-in-2023/articleshow/95998284.cms">Check out upcoming new WhatsApp features in 2023</a>

Google for India goes heavy on AI — From reading handwritten prescriptions to enhancing agricultural capabilities, here’s all you need to know

<ul class="summary-list"><li>On Monday, the US restricted travel from eight countries in southern <keyword id="11894607" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="africa" source="Orion">Africa</keyword> due to the new variant.</li><li><keyword id="11992087" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="south-africa" source="Orion">South Africa</keyword> had an existing surveillance system for viral diseases that helped it detect Omicron.</li></ul>On the latest episode of <keyword id="11911163" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="spotify" source="Orion">Spotify</keyword>'s <a href="https://open.spotify.com/episode/0WVrNX8fI8ARD5mUgQXfgF?si=b8MFgf2nTQ6uayFT_abCJw">"Science Vs." podcast</a>, Dr. <keyword id="11976521" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="anthony-fauci" source="Orion">Anthony Fauci</keyword>, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, talked with host Wendy Zukerman about his views on the Biden administration's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-restricting-travel-from-african-countries-monday-omicron-variant-reports-2021-11">recent travel ban</a>, which he said should be rolled back.The US began to restrict travel from eight countries in southern Africa on Monday because of the new Omicron coronavirus variant, which was labeled as a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omicron-b11529-coronavirus-variant-of-concern-who-2021-11">"variant of concern"</a> by the World Health Organization after its detection by <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-southern-africa-detected-omicron-variant-so-quickly-2021-11">South African scientists</a> on November 11.However, the location of its initial detection does not necessarily indicate that the variant originated in South Africa. The country already had a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-southern-africa-detected-omicron-variant-so-quickly-2021-11">robust surveillance system</a> in place for tracking viral diseases and genetic mutations like HIV, Ebola, and tuberculosis, which put it in a strong position to monitor variants of COVID-19."When we first saw and heard about what was going on in South Africa, we really were blind. We had no idea what was going to happen. And one of the things we wanted to do, which was understandable, was to best as possible protect the American public," <keyword id="11933279" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fauci" source="Orion">Fauci</keyword> told Zukerman.While Omicron's origins remain unknown, cases have been found in several countries, including the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/avoid-snogging-under-the-mistletoe-amid-omicron-fears-uk-politician-2021-12?r=US&amp;IR=T">UK</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omicron-variant-new-york-finds-5-cases-2021-12">US</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omicron-variant-in-europe-earlier-thought-netherlands-2021-11">Netherlands, and Belgium</a>."We did not know it was in other countries at the time of the ban. It looked like it was just in South Africa," Fauci said. "But right now, you're right, it is out there, so it's going to spread no matter what. So that's the reason why I would feel that, hopefully, we can pull back on that ban as quickly as possible."Still, Fauci maintained that if a ban had not been instituted, people would have been upset and "crucified" the administration for its inaction.

Fauci says Biden travel ban on African countries should be rolled back 'as quickly as possible'

The study conducted by a team led by Dr <keyword id="140987" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="arvind-kumar" source="Orion">Arvind Kumar</keyword> from Medanta hospital observed that an increasing number of patients treated in the outpatient clinic were non-smokers of a relatively younger age group. Details of patients who underwent treatment between March 2012 and November 2022 were analyzed to assess the demographic details of these patients and chart a trend. A total of 304 patients were analyzed retrospectively. In the study, the age at presentation, gender, smoking status, stage of disease at the time of diagnosis and type of <keyword id="33225" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="lung-cancer" source="Orion">lung cancer</keyword> were recorded and analyzed, besides other parameters. Speaking about the study, the Chairman of the Institute of Chest surgery, Chest Onco-surgery and <keyword id="1825127" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="lung-transplantation" source="Orion">Lung Transplantation</keyword> at Medanta hospital Gurugram, Dr Arvind Kumar said, "I am shocked at the alarming rise in <keyword id="49477" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="lung" source="Orion">Lung</keyword> cancer cases and occurrences in younger individuals, non-smokers, and women. Lung cancer is a dreaded-disease, with one of the lowest 5-year survival rates". Dr Kumar further stated, "While conventional wisdom says that smoking is the main cause, there is strong evidence now, that points to the increasing role of air pollution in the rising incidence of lung cancer". Speaking about the initiative by the Medanta hospital with regards to Lung Cancer initiatives, Dr Kumar asserted, "#BeatLungCancer is a humble initiative by Medanta to increase disease awareness, promote screening for early detection, and provide inspiration and support through stories of strength of other patients". Dr Naresh Trehan, Chairman and Managing Director, Medanta, stated that "Findings of this study which indicate a rising incidence in earlier unaffected population groups is a matter of concern". "An overall increase in the incidence of Lung Cancer in both men and women was observed. In men, Lung Cancer is leading in men in terms of prevalence and mortality, while in women it has jumped to No 3 (as per Globocan 2020) from No 7 (as per Globocan 2012) over 8 years", mentioned in the study. "Nearly 20% of patients were found to be less than 50 years of age. The trend showed Lung Cancer developing in Indians about a decade earlier than in their western counterparts. Nearly 10 per cent of all patients were less than 40 years of age with 2.6% in their 20s", the study mentioned. In the study, it has been found that 50% of patients were non-smokers, "Nearly 50% of these patients were non-smokers. Of this, 70 per cent of patients were in the younger-than-50-years age group and 100 per of patients under 30 years of age were Non-smokers." The incidence of Lung Cancer was rising in women, who accounted for 30 per cent of the overall patient load and all were non-smokers. In the past, this figure was much lower (as per Globocan 2012), revealed by the study. The study further stated that 80 per cent of patients were diagnosed in the advanced stage of the disease when complete treatment is not possible, and the intent of treatment gets restricted to palliative. In nearly 30 per cent of cases, the patient's condition was initially misdiagnosed as Tuberculosis and treated for many months leading to a delay in definitive diagnosis and treatment, the study indicated. The majority of patients were present with Adenocarcinoma against <keyword id="15597191" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="squamous-carcinoma" source="Orion">Squamous Carcinoma</keyword>, which dominated earlier reports. Notably, Adenocarcinoma forms when cells lining the outside of the lungs become cancerous, whereas Squamous Carcinoma impacts the cells that line the surface of airways. Former is known to have relatively poorer outcomes. The study indicates that in the coming decade we are very likely to see an increase in the number of non-smoking Lung Cancer patients of the female gender in the younger age group. This risk group is very different from the earlier dominant at-risk demographic of older men who smoke tobacco. According to the study, "there is an urgent need to raise awareness about the risk of Lung Cancer across different sections of the society for appropriate actions. Effective measures to reduce tobacco consumption and control air pollution will help control the rising graph of Lung Cancer cases. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/indias-pharma-exports-up-by-138-over-2013-14-health-minister-mansukh-mandaviya/articleshow/95706890.cms">India's pharma exports up by 138% over 2013-14: Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/remdesivir-could-reduce-covid-mortality-if-given-within-9-days-of-symptom-onset-says-new-study/articleshow/95708477.cms">Remdesivir could reduce Covid mortality if given within 9 days of symptom onset, says new study</a>

Alarming rise in lung cancer amongst non-smokers, women and youngsters - Study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Sweating while you <keyword id="11903517" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="sleep" source="Orion">sleep</keyword> could be a symptom of menopause if you're of menopausal age.</li><li>It could also be due to an infection like pneumonia, a UTI, the flu, or malaria.</li></ul>Night sweats are uncomfortable — you may not be able to sleep through the night or wake up soaked in sweat. Sweating at night is relatively common and may be a side effect of menopause or certain medications. But in some cases, night sweats can signal a more serious underlying issue like hypoglycemia or an infection.Here are six reasons you may have night sweats and when you need to see a doctor.<h2>1. Menopause</h2>When you go through <a href="https://www.insider.com/menopause-age" target="_blank" rel="noopener">menopause</a>, your ovaries start to produce less estrogen, progesterone, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/how-to-increase-testosterone" target="_blank" rel="noopener">testosterone</a>. <a href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/16562-night-sweats-and-womens-health" target="_blank" rel="noopener">These changes</a>, especially the change in estrogen, can trigger hot flashes and night sweats.This is because decreasing hormone levels causes your internal thermostat, called the hypothalamus, to be more sensitive to slight body temperature changes.If your hypothalamus detects that you're too warm, your body may trigger a night sweat or <a href="https://www.insider.com/hot-flashes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">hot flash</a> to make you sweat and cool down.If your menopause symptoms are severe, your doctor may prescribe you a <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353401" target="_blank" rel="noopener">low dose of estrogen</a>.<h2>2. Certain medications</h2>Some <a href="https://www.sweathelp.org/pdf/Antidepressants.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">prescription medications</a> can interfere with your body's internal thermostat and trigger night sweats, including:<ul><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/estrogen-pills" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hormone therapy medications</a></li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/do-antidepressants-work" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Antidepressants</a> like escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft)</li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/migraine-vs-headache" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Migraine</a> medications like sumatriptan (Imitrex) and rizatriptan (Maxalt)</li><li><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/night-sweats/basics/causes/sym-20050768" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Methadone</a>, which treats opioid use disorder</li><li>Drugs that treat low <a href="https://www.insider.com/hyperglycemia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">blood sugar</a>, such as <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/glipizide-oral-route/description/drg-20072046" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Glipizide</a> (Glucotrol)</li></ul>If you've recently started a new medication and you're experiencing night sweats, ask your doctor if this may be a possible side effect. They may recommend switching medications or decreasing your dose — but never make these changes on your own without consulting your doctor first. <h2>3. Infections</h2>When you have an infection, your immune system reacts by <a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/fever/what-is-fever" target="_blank" rel="noopener">producing more white blood cells</a>. This process can cause<a href="https://www.insider.com/fever-temperature-symptoms-treatment" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> your body temperature to rise</a> and trigger sweating, says <a href="https://www.brandonpetersmd.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Brandon Peters, MD</a>, a board-certified neurologist and sleep physician at <a href="https://www.vmfh.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Virginia Mason Medical Center</a>.You may develop fever and night sweats if you have:<ul><li>Bacterial infections like <a href="https://www.insider.com/how-to-prevent-uti" target="_blank" rel="noopener">urinary tract infections</a> or <a href="https://www.insider.com/how-do-you-get-pneumonia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pneumonia</a></li><li>Viral infections like <a href="https://www.insider.com/flu-symptoms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the flu</a></li><li>Parasitic infections like malaria</li></ul>NOTE: Night sweats are one of the most common symptoms of <a href="https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/tuberculosis-tb" target="_blank" rel="noopener">tuberculosis</a>, a rare but serious respiratory disease. If you have traveled abroad recently and have symptoms like coughing up blood along with fever, see your doctor to check for tuberculosis.Along with night sweats, fever may also cause symptoms like:<ul><li>Chills</li><li>Shivering or teeth chattering</li><li>Flushed face</li><li>Weakness</li><li>Muscle aches</li></ul>If your fever lasts longer than a week or goes <a href="https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/fever" target="_blank" rel="noopener">above 104 °F</a>, see a doctor as soon as possible. They may treat you with acetaminophen or intravenous fluids for dehydration.<h2>4. Hypoglycemia</h2><a href="https://www.insider.com/what-is-hypoglycemia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hypoglycemia</a> occurs when your blood sugar drops abnormally low. It's most often linked to diabetes, but you can also get it if you have pancreas disease or an eating disorder."When blood sugar levels fall too low, then this can activate the release of adrenaline," says <a href="https://drnesochi.com/about/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nesochi Okeke-Igbokwe, MD</a>, an internal medicine physician in private practice.When this happens, your sweat glands are stimulated, and you start sweating to cool down. This can happen during the day, or at night while you're sleeping.Some other signs that you may have hypoglycemia include:<ul><li>Feeling irritable or anxious</li><li>Feeling shaky</li><li>Feeling confused</li><li>Fast heartbeat</li></ul>If your blood sugar is low, you can <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/low-blood-sugar-treatment.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">eat a spoonful of sugar or honey</a> to help balance it out. But if you get hypoglycemia regularly, you should see your doctor to determine the best treatment.<h2>5. Drinking alcohol before bed</h2><a href="https://www.insider.com/how-to-stop-drinking" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Drinking alcohol</a> too close to bedtime can also <a href="https://alcoholrehabhelp.org/blog/night-sweats-alcohol/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">trigger night sweats</a>, even if you only have one or two drinks. There are a few reasons why alcohol triggers nighttime sweating, including:1. Alcohol <a href="https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2020/feb/night-sweats-7-reasons-you-may-be-sweating-at-night/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">relaxes your airways</a>, which can make it more difficult to breathe. This increased effort can cause your body temperature to rise.2. Alcohol increases your heart rate, which also raises your body temperature and causes sweating.3. Because alcohol is a toxin, your body <a href="https://alcoholrehabhelp.org/blog/night-sweats-alcohol/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">may sweat more</a> to help flush it out of your system.To avoid night sweats, it's best to stop drinking alcohol <a href="https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nutrition/alcohol-and-sleep" target="_blank" rel="noopener">around four hours</a> before you go to bed.<h2>6. Some cancers</h2>Certain types of cancer can cause night sweats as an early symptom, including:<ul><li>Leukemia can cause extreme, sheet drenching sweats. <a href="https://www.leukaemiacare.org.uk/support-and-information/latest-from-leukaemia-care/blog/spotting-the-difference-night-sweats-in-leukaemia-vs-normal-night-sweats/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nearly a third</a> of leukemia patients say this was an early symptom before their diagnosis. Some <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20374373" target="_blank" rel="noopener">other signs of leukemia</a> are:</li><ul><li>Weakness or fatigue</li><li>Unexplained weight loss</li><li>Nosebleeds</li><li>Bone pain</li><li>Frequent infections</li></ul></ul><ul><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-symptoms-2018-11" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lymphoma</a> can cause night sweats, along with symptoms like:</li><ul><li>Fatigue</li><li>Swollen lymph nodes</li><li>Frequent infections</li><li>Easy bruising</li><li>Unexplained weight loss</li></ul></ul>If you have any of these symptoms along with night sweats, see your doctor as soon as possible.Some <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/hot-flashes-pdq" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cancer treatments</a> may also cause night sweats, including:<ul><li>Chemotherapy</li><li>Radiation therapy</li><li>Hormone therapy</li><li>Other medications like steroids</li></ul><h2>When to see a doctor</h2>If your night sweats happen often, or if they're severe — causing drenched nightclothes or bedding — this is a sign that you should see your doctor, Peters says."This is especially true if these occur without clear provocative factors, such as an illness or a warm environment," says Peters.A doctor can look at your symptoms, perform blood tests, and give you a physical examination to help diagnose the problem, says Okeke-Igbokwe.<h2>Insider's takeaway</h2>There are many different reasons you might have night sweats, including drinking alcohol or taking certain medications. However, if you have other symptoms like a high fever or unexplained weight loss, this may be a sign of a more serious medical condition like cancer or a bacterial infection.Having night sweats occasionally may not be an issue, but "if your night sweats have been an ongoing problem, you definitely want to seek medical evaluation," says Okeke-Igbokwe.

6 reasons why you sweat in your sleep and how to make it stop

London, Jun 24 () The COVID-19 pandemic may lead to 95,000 additional tuberculosis (TB) related deaths in India over the next five years, due to disruptions to health services, and delays in diagnosis and treatment, according to a study published on Wednesday. The modelling study, published in the European Respiratory Journal, found that the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly increase the global burden of TB. It estimates at least 110,000 additional deaths from TB in India, China, and South Africa unless health services maintained and strengthened. The researchers from the London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and Lancaster University in the UK noted that before COVID-19 outbreak, over 4,000 people were dying from TB every day. They estimated additional TB deaths and cases in China, India and South Africa over the next five years by examining the impact of various reductions in social contacts and on health services due to COVID-19. They hypothesised that social distancing might reduce TB incidence as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria which causes the disease, is transmitted via droplets in the air -- similar to the coronavirus. However, even after taking into account this potential reduced TB transmission, the most likely scenario was estimated to result in more than 110,000 additional TB deaths, according to the researchers. In the worst case scenario where the impact of COVID-19 on health services is severe, this number could rise to up to 200,000 additional deaths, they said. The most probable scenario, based on the current information and distancing measures, suggests 6,000 additional deaths could occur in China, 95,000 in India and 13,000 in South Africa, according to the researchers. "There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in decreased TB clinic attendance, delayed diagnosis and treatment," said study first author Finn McQuaid, Assistant Professor in Infectious Disease Epidemiology at LSHTM. "This is especially so in low- and middle-income countries where health services, or access to them, might be substantially disrupted," McQuaid said. He noted that early anecdotal information from India, China, and South Africa suggests that the number of people being diagnosed and treated for TB has fallen significantly. The team measured the effect of these factors on TB incidence and deaths in these three countries which make up about 40 per cent of the global TB cases. The researchers modelled different scenarios with various implementations of social distancing measures and health service disruption lasting for six months to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on global TB burden. They found that if there is substantial health service disruption, such as a 50 per cent reduction in TB cases detected and successfully treated, there would be an increase in both incidence and deaths from TB over the subsequent five years, regardless of the level of social contact. However, if social distancing measures are minimal and there is substantial health care disruption -- based on 80 per cent reduction in case detection and treatment success -- the model predicts an 8-14 per cent increase in cumulative deaths from TB over the next five years. "We need to act now to ensure innovative approaches to people-centric TB care are the focus, so that the fight to end this pandemic does not overwrite the hard-won gains made against this disease," McQuaid explained. "Given that health service disruption far outweighs the benefit of social distancing, it is crucial to maintain and strengthen TB-related health services during, and after, COVID-19," he said. SAR SAR

COVID-19 pandemic may lead to 95,000 additional TB deaths in India: Study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Scientists in South Africa were the first to raise alarm bells about <keyword id="12616996" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="omicron" source="Orion">Omicron</keyword>, alerting the WHO last Wednesday.</li><li>But that doesn't necessarily mean the variant came from southern Africa, it's more of an indication of the region's robust surveillance system.</li></ul>Last week, scientists in South Africa put the world on notice. Omicron is here.The announcement, on Wednesday, that virus-chasers in that country had <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.1.529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern">found a new variant</a> with dozens of fresh mutations, sent alarm bells through the halls of the World Health Organization.The variant, B.1.1.529, was identified first on November 11, among <a href="https://d.facebook.com/OFFICIAL.MOHW.BW/photos/a.928167567330306/2089200714560313/?type=3&amp;source=48">foreign diplomats who had traveled</a> to Botswana. Then, it was found again by a team of scientists in South Africa on November 14, and they alerted world health leaders. By November 26, the WHO designated the newly-christened Omicron <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/28-11-2021-update-on-omicron">a variant of concern.</a> While researchers worldwide jumped to start studying Omicron — asking whether it spreads more easily than Delta; causes more deaths; or requires new vaccines — the US, UK, and EU responded to the discovery with swift travel bans, blocking flights from South Africa, Botswana, and six neighboring African countries that had not detected the new variant.It's thanks to southern Africa that the rest of the world is on alert at all, racing to answer those important <keyword id="6364896" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="public-health" source="Orion">public health</keyword> questions. The reality is that southern Africa is a top international powerhouse of <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(20)30116-6/fulltext">COVID-19 surveillance</a> in large part because the continent <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-cdc-taught-the-world-public-health-now-getting-schooled-2020-4">stood up innovative systems for</a> tracking viral diseases and genetic mutations well before the <keyword id="11893194" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus" source="Orion">coronavirus</keyword> hit, tracing and surveilling diseases including HIV, Ebola, and tuberculosis. "We had a really strong research background with our universities, as well as the different research consortiums," Vicky Baillie, a senior scientist at Wits Vaccines &amp; Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit in South Africa, said. "A lot of it was set up, and we had a lot of experience — so I think we were in a really good position to respond to COVID."<h2>There's a good chance Omicron came into southern Africa from elsewhere</h2>It's unknown (and largely irrelevant at this stage, given how widely the variant is circulating at this point) exactly where the new variant emerged.It's suspected that wild card variants like Omicron, with many dozens of new changes to the virus' genetic sequence, often sprout from one single, immunocompromised host, who can't mount proper defenses against the virus, and thus incubates the virus as it replicates for months and months on end. "Given the alphabet soup of mutations, I think it's probably more likely that this was the result of ongoing molecular evolution inside a single host that spilled over into the population," Charity Dean, CEO and cofounder of The Public Health Company, said of the theory that this new variant came from a single, immunocompromised person."But I think it's unfair to blame South Africa when it very well may have come from another country or another continent. And at the end of the day, it doesn't matter. They deserve incredible recognition for detecting it, going public with it, transparently sharing everything they know," Dean said. Despite praise from scientists and public health pros like Dean, the resentment from the public at large has been hurtful for African scientists who have been working tirelessly to inform the world of such emerging variants, before it's too late. "It's been really difficult," Baillie, the South African virus watcher who often shares glimpses of her <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@drsars_cov_2/video/6893484917083098370?is_copy_url=1&amp;is_from_webapp=v1">work sequencing coronavirus samples on TikTok</a>, said. "There has been a lot of backlash on the scientific community in South Africa with a lot of people saying, 'well, thank you very much for identifying this. It means that we don't get a Christmas holiday.'" <h2>Why southern Africa is spotting variants faster than the US</h2>For decades, Africa has leaned into developing and standing up futuristic disease tracking surveillance systems, <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(20)30206-8/fulltext">often in partnership with funders</a> both public and private in the US and UK. The US National Institutes of Health, the UK's Wellcome Trust health research foundation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and others, have all put significant money and time into ramping up Africa's viral surveillance systems.There's the <a href="https://www.fic.nih.gov/Funding/Pages/collaborations-h3africa.aspx">Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Initiative</a>, which has discovered millions of unique gene variants, to the <a href="https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2020/11/10/genome-data-from-africa-reveals-millions-of-new-variants/">applause of NIH Director Francis Collins</a>. And, then there's the Botswana Harvard Partnership, another collaboration established in 1996 to fight the HIV epidemic. That's where the Omicron variant was first spotted earlier this month, by <a href="https://www.santheafrica.org/about/people/trainees/dr-sikhulile-moyo">Sikhulile Moyo's</a> lab.During the early months of the pandemic, South Africa also stood up a new <a href="https://www.krisp.org.za/ngs-sa/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa (NGS-SA)</a>. Though the network technically sequences <a href="https://www.gisaid.org/index.php?id=208">fewer coronavirus samples than the US</a> does per capita, it does so in a more strategic fashion, sampling randomly from all across the country. "We just rang the bell, which allowed everybody else to realize that actually this was maybe going on unnoticed," Baillie said of Omicron's detection. Since that alarm was sounded, Omicron has already been detected in Canada, Germany and at least 16 other countries around the world, excluding Botswana and South Africa. Scientists in the <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-59473131">Netherlands have discovered in recent hours that the Omicron variant has already been in that country</a> for at least a week.<h2>Travel bans may discourage <keyword id="11896083" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="science" source="Orion">science</keyword></h2><div type="image" title="scientist smiling inside her lab genome sequencing" height="1401" width="1867" msid="88018140" hostid="261"></div>Health experts say South Africa's experience this past week could discourage other countries from being quick and transparent about what the virus is doing within their borders, knowing that such honesty might prove punishing.Letting the world know Omicron is on the move has dealt a swift and shocking blow to the southern African economy. South Africa's <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africas-rand-stocks-recover-after-sinking-omicron-worries-2021-11-29/">rand and stock market are both only beginning to recover</a> from the stigma Omicron unleashed on the national economy, and international travel during the Southern Hemisphere's summer holiday season is largely frozen. The US has acknowledged southern Africa's role. Today, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the US's top infectious disease expert, said "kudos" to South Africa during a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MQHYIvwYf8">White House COVID-19 briefing</a>. His applause echoes President Biden, who said on Monday that South Africa should get "credit" for the fact that it "quickly notified the world" about Omicron. But that was the same day his travel ban on southern African countries took effect. "We really gotta figure out what our goal is with these travel bans," Dr. Nahid Bhadelia, an infectious disease expert and director of the Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Policy &amp; Research at Boston University told <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/omicron-2-infectious-disease-physicians-on-the-new/id1515033137?i=1000543260932">Dr. Kevin Pho on his podcast Sunday</a>."Are you setting an example that actually decreases countries' willingness to share future data?"After all, <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/11/26/a-proclamation-on-suspension-of-entry-as-immigrants-and-nonimmigrants-of-certain-additional-persons-who-pose-a-risk-of-transmitting-coronavirus-disease-2019/">American citizens can still come back</a> to the US from southern Africa, provided they are vaccinated and test negative for the virus. "One wonders: Why can't we just do that for everybody?" Bhadelia said. "We should do that regardless, for everybody who's coming from anywhere else, if we truly want to use slowing through travel restrictions."

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