In a breakthrough that sounds more like magic than science, researchers have managed to make living mice <em>transparent</em> using nothing but a common <keyword id="23066468" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="food-dye" source="keywords">food dye</keyword>! Yes, you read that right — with the help of a pantry staple, scientists are now peering inside the tiny bodies of these rodents without needing to pick up a scalpel.<br /><br />The key ingredient to this astonishing feat is a humble food-safe dye you might have in your snacks right now — <keyword id="23060333" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="tartrazine" source="keywords">tartrazine</keyword>. This bright yellow-orange colourant, often found in desserts, candy, and even soft drinks, has now moonlighted as a tool for making mouse <keyword id="19983575" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="skin" source="keywords">skin</keyword> <keyword id="20732164" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="see-through" source="keywords">see-through</keyword>.<br /><br />Here’s how it works: normally, our skin — like that of mice — is packed with proteins, fats, and liquids. When light hits the skin, it scatters in all directions because of these different substances, each with its own way of bending light, a property called a <em>refractive index</em>. That’s why skin appears opaque. But with a simple trick involving tartrazine dissolved in water, the light scattering can be controlled, making the skin <keyword id="23066469" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="translucent" source="keywords">translucent</keyword> — like a pane of glass.<br /><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:14.0pt;margin-bottom:4.0pt;">A peek beneath the fur</h3>Once the dye was applied, scientists observed that the skin of mice turned see-through in just a few minutes. Using this technique, they could examine the <keyword id="20233901" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="blood-vessels" source="keywords">blood vessels</keyword> beneath the rodents' scalps and even their <keyword id="19933887" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="organs" source="keywords">organs</keyword> in real time. The scientists could watch muscles in the gut contract and the abdomen rise and fall as the heart beats.<br /><br />The best part is the fact that the effect is completely reversible! A quick rinse of water, and the mice were back to their furry selves, leaving no sign of their temporary transparency.<br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="107854741" title="Elon Musk says Neuralink&amp;#39;s first patient can move a computer mouse &amp;#39;by just thinking&amp;#39;" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Now, while this dye works wonders on the thin skin of mice, human skin presents a bigger challenge. It’s much thicker, meaning tartrazine might not penetrate as easily. But the research team is optimistic. If this technique can be fine-tuned for human use, imagine the possibilities — clearer views for drawing blood, enhanced cancer detection, or even making laser tattoo removal a breeze.<br /><br />For now, though, we’ll have to marvel at the see-through mice and wonder what other pantry items could hold the key to future scientific discoveries!<br /><br />The findings of this study have been published in <em>Science </em>and can be accessed <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr7935">here</a>.<br />

Hollow mouse? Scientists have turned mice transparent using common food dye!

Scientists in <keyword id="6355882" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="israel" source="Orion">Israel</keyword> have grown <keyword id="658537" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="synthetic" source="Orion">synthetic</keyword> embryo models of <keyword id="55274" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mice" source="Orion">mice</keyword> outside the womb by starting solely with stem cells cultured in a petri dish - that is, without the use of fertilised eggs.<br /><br />The team from <keyword id="1500798" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="weizmann-institute-of-science" source="Orion">Weizmann Institute of Science</keyword> grew a synthetic embryo model solely from naive mouse stem cells that had been cultured for years in a petri dish, dispensing with the need for starting with a fertilised egg.<br /><br />Before placing the stem cells into an electronically controlled device, the researchers separated them into three groups. In one, which contained cells intended to develop into embryonic organs themselves, the cells were left as they were.<br /><br />Cells in the other two groups were pretreated for only 48 hours to overexpress one of two types of genes: master regulators of either the placenta or the yolk sac.<br /><br />Soon after being mixed together inside the device, the three groups of cells convened into aggregates, the vast majority of which failed to develop properly. But about 0.5 per cent -- 50 of around 10,000 -- went on to form spheres, each of which later became an elongated, embryo-like structure.<br /><br />The team were able to observe the placenta and <keyword id="14637507" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="yolk-sacs" source="Orion">yolk sacs</keyword> forming outside the embryos and the model's development proceeding as in a natural embryo, they described in the journal <keyword id="6452450" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="cell" source="Orion">Cell</keyword>.<br /><br />The synthetic models developed normally until day 8.5 -- nearly half of the mouse's 20-day gestation -- at which stage all the early organ progenitors had formed, including a beating heart, blood stem cell circulation, a brain with well-shaped folds, a neural tube and an intestinal tract.<br /><br />When compared to natural mouse embryos, the synthetic models displayed a 95 per cent similarity in both the shape of internal structures and the gene expression patterns of different cell types. The organs seen in the models gave every indication of being functional.<br /><br />"Our next challenge is to understand how stem cells know what to do -- how they self-assemble into organs and find their way to their assigned spots inside an embryo. And because our system, unlike a womb, is transparent, it may prove useful for modelling birth and implantation defects of human embryos," said Prof. <keyword id="3761108" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="jacob-hanna" source="Orion">Jacob Hanna</keyword> from Weizmann Institute of Science, who headed the research team.<br /><br />The method opens new horizons for studying how stem cells form various organs in the developing embryo, and may one day make it possible to grow tissues and organs for transplantation using synthetic embryo models.<br /><br />"Instead of developing a different protocol for growing each cell type -- for example, those of the kidney or liver -- we may one day be able to create a synthetic embryo-like model and then isolate the cells we need. We won't need to dictate to the emerging organs how they must develop. The embryo itself does this best," <keyword id="518864" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="hanna" source="Orion">Hanna</keyword> said.<br /><br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO :<br /><br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/icra-net-profit-rises-22-7-to-rs-31-9-cr-in-q1fy23/articleshow/93347251.cms">ICRA net profit rises 22.7% to Rs 31.9 cr in Q1FY23</a><br /><br /><br /></strong><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/kalyan-jewellers-posts-108-cr-net-profit-looks-forward-to-festive-sales/articleshow/93347410.cms"><strong>Kalyan Jewellers posts ₹108 cr net profit; looks forward to festive sales</strong></a><br />

Scientists create first synthetic embryos of mice without sperm or eggs

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/545c8e76ecad04ca3923d9b1-768-515/afp-japan-scientists-make-see-through-mice-1.jpg" border="0" alt="mice"><p class="source"><span>AFP</span></p></img></div><p></p></div></div>Invisibility may still be the stuff of fictional works like Harry Potter, but researchers in Japan have developed a way to make mice almost totally transparent.</p>
<p>Using a method that almost completely removes colour from tissue - and kills the mouse in the process - researchers say they can now examine individual organs or even whole bodies without slicing into them, offering a "bigger picture" view of the problems they are working on.</p>
<p>The techniques will give scientists a "new understanding of the 3D structure of organs and how certain genes are expressed in various tissues," said Kazuki Tainaka, the lead author of a research paper published in the US-based Cell magazine.</p>
<p>"We were very surprised that the entire body of infant and adult mice could be made nearly transparent," he said in a statement issued by Japanese research institute RIKEN and its collaborators</p>
<p>The work, which also involved the University of Tokyo and the Japan <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> and Technology Agency, focuses on a compound called haem, the constituent that gives blood its red colour and is found in most tissues of the body.</p>
<p>The process involves pumping a saline solution through the mouse's heart, pushing the blood out of its circulatory system and killing the creature.</p>
<p>A reagent is then introduced, which works to divorce the haem from the haemoglobin that remains in the animal's organs.</p>
<p>The dead mouse is skinned and soaked in the reagent for up to two weeks to complete the process.</p>
<p>A sheet of laser light, which can be set to penetrate to a specific level, builds up a complete image of the body, much as a 3D printer creates physical objects in layers.</p>
<p>"Microscopes have so far allowed us to look at things in minute detail, but that has also deprived us of the context of what we are looking at," Tainaka told AFP.</p>
<p>The new method, which cannot be applied to living things, "will give us details while enabling us to grasp the bigger picture," he said.</p>
<p>Hiroki Ueda, who led the research team, said in the statement that the method "could be used to study how embryos develop or how cancer and autoimmune diseases develop at the cellular level.</p>
<p>It was hoped the method would lead "to a deeper understanding of such diseases and perhaps to new therapeutic strategies".</p>
<p>"It could lead to the achievement of one of our great dreams: organism-level systems biology based on whole-body imaging at single-cell resolution."</p>

Japan Scientists Make See-Through Mice

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/57bb26cace38f221008b8223-1300/transparent-mouse-erturk-nature-methods.jpg" alt="transparent mouse erturk nature methods" data-mce-source="Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods" data-mce-caption="Part of a whole mouse turned transparent using uDISCO tissue clearing."><p class="source"><span>Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods</span></p><p class="caption">Part of a whole mouse turned transparent using uDISCO tissue clearing.</p></img></div><p></p></div></div><p>When you're a scientist trying to understand a disease, it's common to experiment on rodents, thinly slice their tissue onto a piece of glass, and slip those <a href="http://www.techinsider.io/miscroscope-images-nikon-small-world-2015-10">specimens under a microscope</a>.</p><p>This basic approach has barely changed in a century, and it's not hard to see why: It's relatively simple, cheap, and keeps leading to powerful drugs and treatments for humans.</p><p>That's not to say there aren't steep costs, though.</p><p>About <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/biomedical_research/qa/questions_answers.html">25 million lab animals are sacrificed each year</a>, and a few thin-tissue slides are hard to reuse for other research. Experts also say it's difficult (and sometimes impossible) to build up a 3D model of a whole animal by scanning individual tissue slides.</p><p>But <a href="http://www.erturk-lab.com/index.php/about-us">Ali Erturk</a>, a neurobiologist at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, hopes to solve these and other problems with a new lab process called "ultimate 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs" (uDISCO) - which some scientists say will be "transformative" for studying brain diseases like Alzheimer's and schizophrenia.</p><p>uDISCO, as Erturk and his team describe in study published Monday in the journal Nature Methods, can <a href="http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nmeth.3964">turn mice, rats, and other mammals almost entirely clear</a>.</p><p>Skin, muscle, bone, brain tissue - nothing stays entirely opaque.</p><p>"I love it," Dr. Ingo Bechmann, a neuroscientist at the University of Leipzig who wasn't involved in Erturk's study, told Business Insider in an email. "It will revolutionize anatomy in countless ways, in particular neuroanatomy."</p><p>What's more, uDISCO doesn't damage fluorescent proteins that scientists use to "light up" certain tissues in <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/genetically-modified-animal-experiments-2015-10">transgenic animals</a>. It can also shrink a whole mouse to fit into laser-powered microscopes designed to 3D-scan small specimens like organs.</p><p>In effect, Erturk and his team have created "whole boy atlases" of an animal that can be flown through down to a cellular level, like this nervous system of a mouse:</p><p><div><iframe src="//giphy.com/embed/26ufcLiHsSeNwiPqo?html5=true&amp;hideSocial=true" width="800" height="427" frameborder="0" class="giphy-embed" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></div></p><p>These high-resolution digital maps, says Erturk, will make more out of an animal's sacrifice by letting other scientists study it down to a cellular level.</p><p>"One would just need to go to [the] website, choose the organ of their interest, and visualize various cellular systems within the individual organ or in the entire organism if desired," Erturk said in a statement given to Business Insider.</p><h2>Reinventing a bag of old lab tricks</h2><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/57bb4598ce38f236008b82e3-1200/transparent-rat-body-ali-erturk-nature-methods.jpg" alt="transparent rat body ali erturk nature methods" data-mce-source="Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods" data-mce-caption="A rat's body turned transparent by uDISCO and scanned with an &amp;quotultramicroscope.&quot;" data-link="http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nmeth.3964"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nmeth.3964">Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods</a></span></p><p class="caption">A rat's body turned transparent by uDISCO and scanned with an "ultramicroscope."</p></img></div><p></p></div></div><p>All the tricks that make uDISCO work have been around for awhile. However, this is the first method to make use of them all - and without destroying important bits of an organism.</p><p>Clearing up animal tissue, for example, was pioneered by German anatomist <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12522767_The_history_of_Werner_Spalteholz's_Handatlas_der_Anatomie_des_Menschen">Werner Spalteholz</a> at the turn of the 19th century. (He made parts of human cadavers translucent.)</p><p>Whole-body scanning of animals that produce fluorescent proteins also isn't that new. The <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3046365/">process is called "ultramicroscopy,"</a> and it was shown to work on fruit flies in the early 2010s.</p><p>And while see-through glowing rodents are also <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-create-see-through-mice-2014-8">at least a couple years old</a>, no one has rendered any this clear without damaging fluorescent proteins locked away in their cells, says Erturk - everything becomes roughly 85% to 90% transparent after uDISCO.</p><p>"It's really the most potent, highest transparency you could achieve with a large specimen," he told Business Insider.</p><p>"[I]f we want to know how water pipes are organized within a wall without any prior knowledge, the easiest way would be to be able see-through the wall. [Imagine] that the concrete wall becomes glass without any destruction," Erturk said in the statement. "Now we can see every pipe connection, and easily identify if one is disconnected."</p><p>The process begins with a mammal that's born to produce fluorescent jellyfish proteins in certain cells, like nerves or heart muscle tissue. Under special lighting conditions, those proteins glow brightly to illuminate that body system while leaving other tissues dark.</p><p>Next, the animal is killed or "sacrificed" to use as a lab specimen.</p><p>Erturk and his team's innovation is amping up tissue clarity in such specimens (so proteins glow more brightly) while shrinking everything down by as much as 65% (so the whole creature can fit in a laser-scanning microscope).</p><p>The secret ingredients? Benzyl alcohol, which gently moves water out of animal cells and replaces it, and diphenyl ether (DPE), which dissolves fats. Both chemicals are flushed through sacrificed animals over the course of a few days, rendering them transparent.</p><p>"The clarity is quite complete," Erturk says. "You see a yellowish hue, but that is coming from residual tissue."</p><h2>'Transformative discoveries' on the horizon</h2><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/57bb466dce38f252008b82a5-2000/transparent-mouse-brain-ali-erturk-nature-methods.jpg" alt="transparent mouse brain ali erturk nature methods" data-mce-source="Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods" data-link="http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nmeth.3964"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nmeth.3964">Ali Erturk et al./Nature Methods</a></span></p></img></div><p></p></div></div><p>But the real development is what these animals look like after being scanned my a laser-powered "ultramicroscope."</p><p>The machine builds up the animal in 3D, allowing a researcher to fly through it and zoom in on individual cells.</p><p>In an email to Business Insider, Dr. Matthias H. Tschoep, a molecular biologist at the German Research Center for Environmental Health, said uDISCO will lead to "transformative discoveries," including ones that researchers can't yet predict.</p><p>The reason, Dr. Tschoep noted, is that uDISCO will accelerate the work of scanning an animal's entire body by 10 to 100 times - now done tediously done by slicing up a lab animal and scanning individual microscope slides - and with improved resolution.</p><p>"Obviously, mice aren't humans and these methods will not be applicable to human physiology or clinical medicine," Dr. Tschoep cautioned. "However, these methods may in the future offer highly detailed three dimensional analysis of human post-mortem organs or ... surgically removed tumors, with a speed that was previously unimaginable."</p><p>One human organ that Erturk is especially focused on is in your head.</p><p>"Governments are putting in billions of dollars to map the human brain. But it's like going out of the solar system - it's impossible with current technology," Erturk said, noting a complete brain map - similar to a human genome map - could lead to radical medical advancements.</p><p>"It'd be important to see connectivity in a schizophrenia or Alzheimer's brain," Erturk said, explaining that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-brain-map-accomplishes-what-scientists-have-been-working-on-for-100-years-2016-7">brain-scanning machines, like fMRI, only show large-scale anatomy</a>. Microscopes, meanwhile, don't reveal all of the mind's neuron-to-neuron connections.</p><p>"I believe we have a tool that's a good compromise," Erturk said. "I don't think we're far away from mapping the brain in this way."</p><p>In the meantime, he hopes fewer mice, rats, and other lab animals will meet their demise.</p><p>"It's hard to predict how many" uDISCO could save, Erturk said. "Even if it's 5% or 10% or 20%, it would mean hundreds of thousands of animals worldwide every year."</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/goat-killing-muslim-slaughterhouse-2015-1">A Passionate Argument For Killing Animals You Eat With Your Own Hands</a></h3>        <div>            <div>    <script src="http://player.ooyala.com/v3/6e12e8b3387a44daacfb73afba25a76e"></script>    <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="dkeXhyajq1hIx7_-P5QnkUR--xQh0Gjl" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>    <script>    if (typeof RunFunctions === 'undefined') { var RunFunctions = []; }     RunFunctions.push(function()    {         var ooyalapopvideo = OO.Player.create('ooyalaplayer_popvideo', 'dkeXhyajq1hIx7_-P5QnkUR--xQh0Gjl',{ autoplay: 'false' });     });    </script>    <noscript><div>Please enable Javascript to watch this video</div></noscript></div>        </div>        <script>(function() { function createPlayer() { OO.ready(function() { RunFunctions.forEach(function(ooyalaFunction) { ooyalaFunction(); }); RunFunctions = [];}); } createPlayer(); }()); </script>    </div>

Scientists have created a 'revolutionary' technology that turns mice clear - and might one day map your brain

According to a recent study, gut microorganisms stimulate specialised cells to cut out excess connections in brain circuits that drive social behaviour. Pruning is required for proper social conduct to emerge.<br /><br /> The researchers also found that these 'social' neurons are similar in zebrafish and mice. That suggests the findings might translate between species -- and could possibly point the way to treatments for a range of neurodevelopmental conditions.<br /><br /> "This is a big step forward," said UO neuroscientist Judith Eisen, who co-led the work with neuroscientist Philip Washbourne. "It also sheds light on things that are going on in larger, furrier animals." <br /><br /> The team reports their findings in two new papers, published in <keyword id="15410507" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="PLOS-Biology-and-BMC-Genomics-" source="Orion">PLOS Biology and BMC Genomics.</keyword> <br /><br /> While <keyword id="2735601" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="social-behavior" source="Orion">social behavior</keyword> is a complex phenomenon involving many parts of the brain, Washbourne's lab previously identified a set of neurons in the zebrafish brain that are required for one particular kind of social interaction. Normally, if two zebrafish see each other through a glass partition, they'll approach each other and swim side by side. But zebrafish without these neurons don't show interest.<br /><br /> Here, the team found a pathway linking microbes in the gut to these neurons in the brain. In healthy fish, gut microbes spurred cells called microglia to prune back extra links between neurons.<br /><br /> Pruning is a normal part of healthy brain development. Like clutter on a counter, extra neural connections can get in the way of the ones that really matter, resulting in muddled messages.<br /><br /> In zebrafish without those gut microbes, the pruning didn't happen, and the fish showed social deficits.<br /><br /> "We've known for a while that the microbiome influences a lot of things during development," Washbourne said. "But there hasn't been a lot of concrete data about how the microbiome is influencing the brain. We've done quite a bit to push the boundary there."<br /><br /> In a second paper, the team identified two defining features of this set of social neurons that may be shared by mice and zebrafish. One is that these cells could be identified by having similar genes turned on--a clue that they might serve similar roles in the brains of both species. Such signature signs could be used to identify neurons that serve this role in different brains. The other is that "neurons with the same gene signature in mice are in approximately the same brain locations as the zebrafish social neurons," Eisen said.<br /><br /> That finding strengthens the researchers' belief that their work in zebrafish could translate to mice or humans. It's easier to study the nuts and bolts of brain development in zebrafish, where scientists can watch neural circuits form through the young fish's transparent bodies. Researchers could then take the insights from zebrafish and use them as a starting place for understanding other species.<br /><br /> Both gut microbiome disruption and poor neural synapse pruning have been linked to a range of neuropsychiatric conditions like autism spectrum disorder. <br /><br /> "If we can tie these together, it might facilitate better therapeutics for a wide range of disorders," said Joseph Bruckner, a postdoc in the Eisen and Washbourne labs and the first author on the PLOS Biology paper. His next step is figuring out what molecules are linking the bacteria to the microglia, mapping the pathway between microbes and behavior in even more detail. <br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO: </strong><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/all-you-need-to-know-about-twitters-blue-tick-and-why-elon-musk-wants-you-to-pay-for-it/slidelist/95246904.cms">All you need to know about Twitter’s Blue Tick and why Elon Musk wants you to pay for it</a><br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/markets-break-4-session-winning-streak-to-open-lower-in-early-trade/articleshow/95245774.cms">Markets break 4-session winning streak to open lower in early trade</a><br />

Your social behaviour is connected to your gut as well as brain

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Biotech startups have raised billions of dollars in an effort to transform medicine.</li><li>Despite an economic downturn, biotechs are still getting interest from investors.</li></ul><p>In 2020 and 2021 the pandemic fueled a massive boom in biotech investing — but 2022 was a different story. While funding for biotech companies soared in 2021 to <a href="https://news.crunchbase.com/health-wellness-biotech/startup-funding-slower-2022/">nearly $47 billion, </a>a record for the industry, 2022 <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/tales-from-the-2022-biotech-vc-fundraising-trail-11671667063" target="_blank" rel="noopener">marked a slowdown</a>.</p><p>As the global economy becomes more uncertain, venture capitalists have become cautious about investing in startups of all kinds — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/biotech-market-downturn-companies-stocks-deals-2022-7">including biotech firms</a>. Some private biotechs are <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/biotechs-raise-more-capital-bracing-for-market-downturn-2022-3?r=biotech-decks-lp">delaying going public</a>, and even preparing to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-banker-biotechs-should-prepare-for-rare-down-rounds-2022-2?r=biotech-decks-lp">raise down rounds</a>. By the end of 2022, the SPDR S&amp;P Biotech ETF, a leading biotech index, was down 19% compared to the beginning of the year. </p><p>Despite the market downturn, some companies are still raising sizable funding rounds. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vcs-favor-revenue-making-biotech-startups-during-downturn-2022-8">Investors have told Insider</a> that they're favoring startups that have a solid plan to bring in revenue over companies that have cool but vague ideas. And some companies, like those <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/crispr-gene-editing-biotechs-keep-growing-despite-downturn-2022-10">based on gene-editing</a>, are still thriving thanks to a breakneck speed of scientific discoveries. </p><p>One key for all companies who want investor interest is a great pitch deck, the presentation that companies use to solicit funding from investors. Pitch decks, also known as slide decks, usually lay out the company's history, its achievements, and where it's heading.</p><p>Insider rounded up all the biotech pitch decks we've published, from those seeking early-stage funding to presentations for late-stage rounds, that have helped companies raise money from investors. </p><h2><strong>In seed and Series A funding rounds, startups raise money to test their ideas</strong></h2><p>Seed and Series A funding rounds come at the early stages of a biotech company. The company may have an idea or some preliminary clinical data, but it still needs to vet its science more thoroughly. </p><p>Some companies, such as 64x Bio, have newly identified a problem — in 64x Bio's case, drug-manufacturing bottlenecks — and have an idea for a plan that could fix it. This is the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-64x-bio-raises-55-million-for-cell-gene-therapy-tools-2022-1?r=biotech-decks-lp">10-slide presentation the company used to quickly raise $55 million</a>.</p><p>Other startups, like the cancer-metabolism company Faeth Therapeutics, have shown promising results in lab tests and mice but not yet in humans. Check out the company's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/faeth-therapeutics-series-a-pitch-deck-47-million-to-fight-cancer-2022-6?r=biotech-decks-lp">17-slide presentation it used to raise $47 million</a>.</p><p>Oftentimes, companies raising early funding rounds, like the biosensor company Monod Bio, hope the money can fund trials that will prove their science works. Monod used this <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-how-monod-bio-raised-25-million-to-revolutionize-diagnostics-2022-8?r=biotech-decks-lp">12-slide pitch deck to raise $25 million from investors</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Read more:</em></strong></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-haystack-oncologys-series-a-deck-for-cancer-blood-test-2022-11?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 25-slide pitch deck a Baltimore biotech used to raise $56 million to develop a blood test that detects recurring cancer</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hmnc-brain-health-pitch-deck-14-million-for-precision-treatments-2022-10?r=biotech-decks-lp">A healthcare startup that wants to offer personalized treatments for depression just used this presentation to raise $14 million</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/meliora-therapeutics-pitch-deck-11-million-seed-round-2022-10?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 14-slide pitch deck that Meliora Therapeutics used to raise $11 million toward its search for more precise and effective cancer treatments</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-kaleidoscopes-6-million-seed-round-improve-bio-research-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 23-slide pitch deck a software startup used to raise $6 million for its mission to make science faster, cheaper, and more transparent</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-form-bio-spins-out-of-woolly-mammoth-startup-raises-30m-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">A biotech trying to bring back the woolly mammoth just launched its first spinout company. See the 15-slide pitch deck Form Bio used to raise $30 million.</a></em></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-general-catalyst-examedi-lab-testing-2022-6?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the 11-slide presentation that sold General Catalyst on a 21-year-old founder's at-home lab-testing platform for Latin America</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/3t-biosciences-series-a-pitch-pitch-deck-raise-40m-2022-8?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the 27-slide presentation a secretive biotech startup backed by Sean Parker used to raise $40 million and 'open a new universe' in cancer immunotherapy</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-clinical-trial-startup-slopes-series-a-pitch-deck-2021-9?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>This 10-slide presentation convinced top VC firm NEA to invest $20 million in its first clinical-operations startup</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/seed-health-series-a-pitch-deck-microbiome-startup-40-million-2021-4?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the presentation microbiome startup Seed Health used to raise $40 million</em></a></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/otolith-labs-20-million-series-a-pitch-deck-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 10-slide presentation a Mark Cuban-backed startup used to raise $20 million to develop a vertigo headband</a></em></p><h2><strong>By Series B funding rounds, biotech companies are trying to start human studies</strong></h2><p>By Series B rounds, startups are often raising large sums of money and focused on growth. Many times, the companies will use new capital to hire more employees or continue to bring drugs through clinical development. </p><p>For instance, the Belgian biotech AgomAb told Insider it planned to use its new funds to extend the company's cash runway into 2024. Here's the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/agomab-pitch-deck-114-million-series-b-funding-round-2022-7?r=biotech-decks-lp">21-slide pitch deck the company used to raise $144 million from investors</a>.</p><p>And the genetics startup Camp4 used an <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-camp4s-18-slide-pitch-deck-raising-100m-for-its-series-b-round-2022-7?r=biotech-decks-lp">18-slide pitch deck to raise $100 million</a> and plans to start human testing in 2023. </p><p>The cancer startup Affini-T Therapeutics also plans to have two treatments in human testing in 2023. Here's the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-cell-therapy-startup-affini-t-raises-175-million-2022-3?r=biotech-decks-lp">24-slide pitch deck the company used to raise $175 million</a> from investors like Leaps by Bayer. </p><p><strong><em>Read more:</em></strong></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/psychedelics-startup-gilgamesh-pharmaceuticals-series-b-2022-12?r=biotech-decks-lp">A Y Combinator-backed startup just raised $39 million to develop new psychedelic treatments for depression</a></em></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/recode-therapeutics-13-slide-pitch-deck-series-b-raise-2022-6?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the 13-slide pitch deck a biotech used to raise $120 million and write the next chapter in mRNA medicines</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-pitch-deck-clinical-trial-firm-castor-used-raise-45m-2021-7?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the pitch deck a doctor used to sell his vision for an entirely new way of testing experimental drugs and win a $250 million valuation</em></a></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-sparingvision-raises-75-million-for-crispr-eye-treatments-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 20-slide presentation this biotech startup used to raise $75 million for a way to treat blindness with CRISPR</a></em></p><h2><strong>Late-stage funding rounds prepare biotech startups to go public </strong></h2><p>Series C, D, and even E funding rounds can help private biotechs get a reserve of cash before a public debut. The presentations used in these rounds often highlight the company's science and show investors what lies ahead. </p><p>The funding rounds, such as Moderna's pitch to investors in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/read-moderna-2017-investor-pitch-deck-biotech-coronavirus-vaccine2020-12?r=biotech-decks-lp">2017, can come shortly before plans to go public</a>. Moderna made its public debut in 2018.</p><p>Some companies, like the cell-therapy startup Aurion, are almost ready to file for regulatory approval in certain countries. Here is the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-cell-therapy-startup-aurion-biotech-raises-120-million-2022-4?r=dispensed-deck-lp#the-company-plans-to-file-for-approval-in-japan-in-the-second-half-of-2022-as-well-as-apply-to-start-a-us-based-clinical-trial-before-the-end-of-the-year-4?r=biotech-decks-lp">24-slide pitch deck the company used to raise $120 million</a> and prepare for regulatory approval in Japan.  </p><p>In late-stage funding rounds, the investors might also be different or used to backing bigger companies. This is the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/deep-genomics-pitchdeck-softbank-180-million-series-c-round-biotech-2021-7?r=biotech-decks-lp">15-slide presentation that Deep Genomics used to secure $180 million funding</a> from blue-chip investors, including SoftBank. </p><p><strong><em>Read more:</em></strong></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fog-pharma-raises-178m-series-d-cancer-biotech-2022-11?r=biotech-decks-lp">A former Harvard chemist just raised $178 million for a biotech startup that plans to treat previously untreatable cancers</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/arthur-kuan-cg-oncology-120-million-series-e-financing-round-2022-11?r=biotech-decks-lp">This 31-year-old CEO says staying focused on one disease was the key to helping his company raise $120 million in a frozen biotech market</a></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/flagship-biotech-cellarity-pitch-deck-for-121m-series-c-round-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 12-slide pitch deck a Flagship startup just used to raise $121 million to build an 'unlimited platform' for making new drugs</a></em></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/imcheck-therapeutics-pitch-deck-to-raise-series-c-2022-6?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the 14-slide pitch deck a French biotech just used to raise $86 million to pursue a twist on one of the hottest ideas in cancer research</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-biotech-scipher-medicine-110-million-series-d-round-2022-3?r=biotech-decks-lp"><em>See the 24-slide pitch deck a biotech startup used to sell investors on a new approach to AI in medicine and raise $110 million</em></a></p><p><em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-the-pitch-deck-theranica-used-for-a-25-million-series-c-2022-9?r=biotech-decks-lp">See the 22-slide presentation an Israeli startup used to raise $45 million for an easier way to treat migraines</a></em></p>

See the presentations that cutting-edge biotech companies have used to raise millions from top investors

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b3a337948158d1b008b462d-1700/rtr3jys1.jpg" border="0" alt="GrubHub CEO Matt Maloney (C) applauds after ringing the opening bell before the company's IPO on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange in New York April 4, 2014. Shares of GrubHub Inc, the biggest U.S. online food-delivery service, rose as much as 57 percent in its market debut as investors scrambled for a piece of the fast-growing consumer internet company." data-mce-source="REUTERS/Lucas Jackson" data-mce-caption="GrubHub CEO Matt Maloney (C) applauds after ringing the opening bell before the company's IPO on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange in New York April 4, 2014." data-link="http://pictures.reuters.com/C.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&amp;VBID=2C0FCI9B6CQ9M&amp;SMLS=1&amp;RW=1434&amp;RH=890#/SearchResult&amp;VBID=2C0FCI9B6CQ9M&amp;SMLS=1&amp;RW=1434&amp;RH=890&amp;POPUPPN=6&amp;POPUPIID=2C0408T2CQT4F" /><p class="source"><span><a href="http://pictures.reuters.com/C.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&amp;VBID=2C0FCI9B6CQ9M&amp;SMLS=1&amp;RW=1434&amp;RH=890#/SearchResult&amp;VBID=2C0FCI9B6CQ9M&amp;SMLS=1&amp;RW=1434&amp;RH=890&amp;POPUPPN=6&amp;POPUPIID=2C0408T2CQT4F">REUTERS/Lucas Jackson</a></span></p><p class="caption">GrubHub CEO Matt Maloney (C) applauds after ringing the opening bell before the company's IPO on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange in New York April 4, 2014.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul><li><strong><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/grub-stock">GrubHub</a> plunged more than 6% on Friday after Uber's S1 filing said it has an outsized opportunity in the food-delivery space. </strong></li><li><strong><span>Uber believes its Uber Eats app has so far only captured 1% of a nearly $800 billion market.</span></strong></li><li><strong>Watch <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/grub-stock">GrubHub</a> trade live.</strong></li></ul><hr /><p>GrubHub dropped more than 6% Friday after Uber's S1 filing indicated the ride-sharing company was continuing its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/uber-ipo-filing-reveals-details-of-uber-eats-food-delivery-service-2019-4">aggressive expansion into the food-delivery business</a> through its subsidiary UberEats. <span>GrubHub's stock has plunged more than 50% from its highs reached in October 2018 as disclosure around UberEats' business has increased.</span></p><p>According to the Uber's <a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000119312519103850/d647752ds1.htm">S1 documents filed in preparation for an IPO</a>, <span>UberEats' 2018 revenues reached $1.5 billion, growing 149% year-over-year</span><span>. </span><span>Uber regards the total market potential, or the amount that consumers spend on all home delivery, takeaway, and drive-through service globally, to be a staggering $795 billion.</span></p><p>In a research report out Friday, Jeffries analyst Brent Thill maintained his "hold" rating on GrubHub. Thill has a price target of $80 - 23% above where shares were trading on Friday.</p><p>"We believe much of this information was already well understood by investors as Uber has been more transparent about the Eats business the last couple quarters," wrote Thill. The stock is down ~54% from its highs &amp; we believe much of that performance has been a direct cause of increased competition and disclosure from Uber &amp; other larger players."</p><p>Uber's initial public offering, which could value the firm at up to $100 billion, is expected to come <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/uber-ipo-selling-10-billion-worth-of-stock-sec-2019-4">as early as next week</a>.</p><p><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/grub-stock">GrubHub</a> was down more than 15% this year, including Friday's loss.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5cb0b5633de600459b46e68b-956/screen shot 2019-04-12 at 115602 am.png" border="0" alt="GrubHub stock chart" data-mce-source="Markets Insider" /><p class="source"><span>Markets Insider</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p> </p><p> </p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-city-cockroaches-rats-mice-exterminator-places-avoid-infestation-2019-3">Your apartment location can affect how cockroaches, rats, and mice get in. A New York City exterminator told us the places he'd never live.</a></h3>        <div>            <iframe class="bijwplayerclass" data-player="jwplayer" src="https://content.jwplatform.com/players/GNGiFeqU-CEZHWCBG.html" width="100%" height="100%" frameborder="0" scrolling="auto" style="margin:0px;" allowfullscreen=""></iframe><script>function receiveMessage(event){ console.log(event.data.fullscreen); Android.fullscreen(event.data.fullscreen); }window.addEventListener("message", receiveMessage, false);</script>        </div>    </div>

GrubHub tumbles after Uber says it has a massive opportunity in food delivery

<p class="financial-disclaimer"><i>When you buy through our links, we may earn money from our affiliate partners. <a href="https://www.insider-inc.com/commerce-on-insider-inc/">Learn more.</a></i></p><p><a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored"></a></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>The <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">Bergan Star Chaser Turbo Scratcher</a> combines a cardboard scratcher with a ball-rolling track.</strong></li><li><strong>The Star Chaser is one of the only toys to have ever enticed my shy cat Phoebe to play on her own. </strong></li><li><strong>The Star Chaser's "twinkle ball" contains motion-activated LED lights that flash red as your cat plays.</strong></li></ul><iframe src="https://produktor.businessinsider.com/productCardService?id=5eac517b144192105b17391b&amp;type=small&amp;live=true" width="100%" height="150%" frameborder="0" style="position:absolute; top:0; left: 0"></iframe><p>Only a few minutes had passed since I'd unpacked the <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Bergan Star Chaser Turbo Scratcher</a> from its shipping box when I heard the first sounds of its ball careening around the track. "Osito found the new toy," I thought to myself, picturing my toy-obsessed cat doing what my toy-obsessed cat does.</p><p>But when I poked my head into the room, Osito was nowhere to be seen. The cat pouncing and pawing and jumping at the ball was Phoebe, my ultra-shy, noise-sensitive little lady. </p><p>Phoebe rarely plays. When she's in the mood, we can sometimes entice her to chase after <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-cat-toy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">catnip-filled mice</a> if we throw them just right, but in our many years together, I've never once seen her play with a toy on her own. She won't even touch a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-cat-scratching-post" target="_blank" rel="noopener">scratcher</a>. Yet here she was leaping and dodging and wiggling her tail as if she was born to play. </p><p>It was, in a word, beautiful.</p><p><a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored"><div type="image" title="bergan chaser 3" height="900" width="1200" msid="75543498" hostid="261"></div></a></p><h2>Why <keyword id="6365706" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="cats">cats</keyword> love the <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">Star Chaser</a></h2><p><a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">Bergan's Turbo Scratchers</a> have long been keeping cats entertained. I recently <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-cat-supplies" target="_blank" rel="noopener">spoke to the manager of a rescue</a> who told me they are one of her favorite toys for cats at the shelter and at home. The design is simple but genius. The Turbo Scratcher consists of a round cardboard scratcher pad bordered by a circular plastic track containing a weighted ball. Cats can swat the ball and scratch the scratcher simultaneously, and the track has just enough of a ridge to prevent the ball from escaping. </p><p>The <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Star Chaser</a> looks exactly the same as the original Turbo Scratcher with one major difference: the ball lights up. LED lights inside the transparent ball flash red as it moves. When the ball stops rolling, the LEDs go dark.</p><p>Before the scratcher arrived, the light-up ball seemed like a gimmick. I wondered if it would really be an improvement on the original Turbo Scratcher. But it turns out the light-up element made all the difference for Phoebe. She, like most cats, is intrigued by lights but because reflections and lasers can't be physically caught, chasing them can be frustrating. The <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Star Chaser's</a> LED ball, though, can be caught — it's <em>meant </em>to be caught — and that makes for a satisfying conclusion to instinctual play.</p><p>By the evening, Osito, the toy king, had found the Star Chaser too. His antics, including flipping over and rabbit kicking the ball and laying on top of the toy to scratch and roll at the same time, confirmed that he, too, was a fan of the Star Chaser.</p><h2><a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored"><div type="image" title="bergan chaser 2" height="900" width="1200" msid="75543501" hostid="261"></div></a></h2><h2>The parts are also interchangeable with Bergan's <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Turbo Scratcher</a> and <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005UMC1SC/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=biipf_050120_bergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-review-20&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;creativeASIN=B005UMC1SC&amp;linkId=74919c15e6a7784fe58332a67e224c0de6a7784fe58332a67e224c0d" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Hurricane</a> toys</h2><p>Over the following days, Phoebe continued to return to the <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Star Chaser</a>. Sometimes all she did was sit on top of it. Other times, she batted the ball or watched intently as I rolled it for her. She still hasn't attempted to use the scratcher in the middle (even after I sprinkled it with the small baggie of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-catnip-toy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">catnip</a> that came with the toy) but that's okay. Osito's got the scratching thing under control.</p><p>Should that cardboard scratch pad ever wear out, Bergan sells a <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fstar-chaser-turbo-scratcher-replacement-pad" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">two-pack of replacement pads</a> for under six bucks. Our ball hasn't jumped its track yet, but should it ever get lost or the battery powering the LED lights die, it can be replaced too. The <a href="https://www.anrdoezrs.net/links/6415797/type/dlg/https://www.entirelypets.com/turboreplball.html?" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">$5.99 replacement "twinkle ball"</a> is interchangeable with the solid ball sold with Bergan's original <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">Turbo Scratcher</a> so if you've already got one, there's no need to purchase a whole new track setup. Just change out the ball. The twinkle ball can also be used with Bergan's <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005UMC1SC/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=biipf_050120_bergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-review-20&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;creativeASIN=B005UMC1SC&amp;linkId=74919c15e6a7784fe58332a67e224c0de6a7784fe58332a67e224c0d" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored nofollow sponsored">Catnip Hurricane Cat Toy</a>, which is similar to the scratcher but has two ball-rolling tracks and no interior scratch pad.</p><h2>The only con</h2><p>Really, the only thing I can find about the <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Star Chaser</a> that might irk some buyers is that you can't choose your color preference. The company will send either aqua or mulberry (we received the aqua). Both are made from recycled materials, measure 16 inches in diameter, and come with little rubber "feet" to protect floors and keep the toy from slipping around too much as your cat plays.</p><p><a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored"><div type="image" title="Bergan chaser 4" height="900" width="1200" msid="75543503" hostid="261"></div></a></p><h2><strong>The bottom line</strong></h2><p>Both of my cats were delighted by the <a href="https://petco.9zpg.net/c/196318/648966/10290?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petco.com%2Fshop%2Fen%2Fpetcostore%2Fproduct%2Fbergan-star-chaser-turbo-scratcher-cat-toy-155-diameter-2178881%3F" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Bergan Star Chaser Turbo Scratcher</a>, but it was a real winner for anxiety-prone Phoebe. Phoebe rarely plays, but within minutes, the Star Chaser got her to come out of her shell and she has continued to return to it day after day.</p><p>With its interior cardboard scratch pad and motion-activated light-up LED ball, the Star Chaser satisfies several kitty instincts, and if either part should ever falter, Bergan sells replacements that universally fit into several of their toys.</p><p><strong>Pros:</strong> Motion-activated LED "twinkle ball" rolls securely in its track, track wraps around a replaceable cardboard scratcher, made of recyclable materials, comes with nonskid feet and small bag of catnip, twinkle ball is replaceable</p><p><strong>Cons:</strong> No choice for color preference</p><iframe src="https://produktor.businessinsider.com/productCardService?id=5eac517b144192105b17391b&amp;type=button&amp;live=true" width="100%" height="150%" frameborder="0" style="position:absolute; top:0; left: 0"></iframe>

My shy cat rarely plays with toys, but this scratcher with a light-up ball made her want to leap and dodge as if she was born to play

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5672147572f2c151028b6493-640-480/lyft new moving images.png" alt="lyft new moving images.PNG" data-mce-source="Biz Carson/Business Insider" /><p class="source"><span>Biz Carson/Business Insider</span></p></div><p></p></div></div>You don't hear the word "ergonomics" used that much outside of talking about comfy chairs or better-for-you computer mice. </p><p>But when Lyft, the ride-hailing app, decided to do a redesign, ergonomics and transparency were at the forefront. </p><p>"<span class="s1">We think in the transition of transportation as a service, choice matters more. We want to make choice clear, and for the trade-offs to be obvious," Lyft's VP of Product Tali Rapaport told Business Insider.<br /></span></p><p><span class="s1">The team spent almost a year and 400 hours of research to make sure its new app offered the most choices, but in a way that was easier to understand than its competitor. </span></p><p><span class="s1">Not to mention, the whole thing is designed to be ergonomic friendly so you can access all the options with only one hand. </span></p><p><span class="s1">Here are all the tiny tweaks Lyft made to entice new customers to use their app instead of Uber's:</span></p>

Lyft spent an entire year redesigning its app - here are all the changes it made to steal customers away from Uber

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5cad9fc5835e6e07662f61e3-2400/2019-04-10t073817z1lynxnpef390hlrtroptp4aramco-bond-demand.jpg" border="0" alt="FILE PHOTO: Logo of Saudi Aramco is seen at the 20th Middle East Oil &amp; Gas Show and Conference (MOES 2017) in Manama, Bahrain, March 7, 2017. REUTERS/Hamad I Mohammed/File Photo" data-mce-source="Reuters" data-mce-caption="FILE PHOTO: Logo of Saudi Aramco is seen at the 20th Middle East Oil &amp; Gas Show and Conference" /><p class="source"><span>Reuters</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>The world's most profitable company, Saudi Aramco, smashed expectations to secure a debut bond issue with lower yields than the Saudi Arabian government, which owns the company. That implies, counterintuitively, that investors regard the company as being less risky than the government which owns it.</strong></li><li><strong>Aramco's offer drew more than $100 billion in orders on $12 billion of debt, with investor demand helping to lower yields on the deal which was 10 times oversubscribed. </strong></li><li><strong>While still pricier than the debt of other oil majors such as Chevron or Exxon Mobil, the deal indicates the willingness of major financial institutions to back the country's future plans. </strong></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit BusinessInsider.com for more stories.</a></li></ul><p>The dust has settled on one of the biggest debut issuances in emerging-market history after Saudi Aramco priced $12 billion of bonds amid record demand for the oil and gas giant. </p><p>Investors piled into the world's most profitable company after it opened up its accounts to the world for the first time ahead of the deal. The bonds were well received and exceeded initial expectations on the yield coming in 20 basis points (a basis point is one 100th of a per cent) lower than expected, and lower even than Saudi Arabia's own bond deal from January, according to someone familiar with the deal. </p><p>The reduced cost of the financing compared to Saudi Arabia's sovereign debt is remarkable given that Aramco is wholly owned by the desert kingdom and is likely to remain so well into the future, regardless of the company's initial public offering plans. </p><p>Aramco's issuance was composed of:</p><ul><li>A three-year $1 billion bond maturing in 2022 which yields 2.375% or 55 bps above US Treasuries</li><li>A five-year $2 billion bond maturing in 2024 which yields 2.125% or 75 bps above US Treasuries</li><li>A 10-year $3 billion bond maturing 2029 which yields 2.625% or 105 bps over US Treasuries</li><li>A 20-year $3 billion bond maturing 2039 which yields 3.375% or 140 bps over US Treasuries</li><li>A 30-year $3 billion bond maturing 2049 which also yields 3.375% or 175 bps over US Treasuries</li></ul><p>For context, Saudi Arabia issued $7.5 billion of sovereign bonds earlier this year despite overwhelmingly negative reactions to the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi journalist. The US State Department recently issued travel bans to 16 individuals it deemed to be involved in the journalist's death. </p><p>One 30-year section of that debt yielded 210 bps over similar maturity US Treasuries - 35 bps over the 30-year Aramco tranche. </p><p>Other major oil companies, such as Chevron and Exxon Mobil, have 30-year bonds with yields well below 3%, indicating the attraction of Aramco's debt to investors starved for yield in the current market. </p><p>The deal was run by major Wall Street firms including JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley, Citigroup, and Goldman Sachs alongside HSBC and NCB, and indicated that financial institutions haven't cooled on the kingdom following the death of Khashoggi last year.  </p><p>"The deal appeals to multiple investor bases but it's unusual for a state-owned enterprise to have tighter yields than the sovereign," Anthony Simond, an emerging markets investment manager at Aberdeen Standard Investments, told Business Insider. "Some investors may have shied away from the deal for ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) reasons but for most these considerations are secondary."</p><p>It's part of a transparency push on behalf of Saudi Arabia as part of a will-they-won't-they over the company's plans for an initial public offering, which it shelved last year.  The bond issuance reflects the company's reluctance to go public after being shunned by investors at a Saudi event dubbed "Davos in the desert" last year. It's thought that the company may well look to IPO in the next two to three years, according to Simond. </p><p>Saudi Aramco reported $111.1 billion in net income last year, <a href="https://www.moodys.com/research/Moodys-assigns-first-time-A1-issuer-rating-to-Saudi-Aramco--PR_396930?WT.mc_id=AM~RmluYW56ZW4ubmV0X1JTQl9SYXRpbmdzX05ld3NfTm9fVHJhbnNsYXRpb25z~20190401_PR_396930">according</a><span> </span>to Moody's, making it more profitable than Apple, Amazon, and Alphabet combined. The company<span> accounted for approximately one in eight barrels of crude oil produced globally from 2016 to 2018, according to the prospectus.</span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-city-cockroaches-rats-mice-exterminator-places-avoid-infestation-2019-3">Your apartment location can affect how cockroaches, rats, and mice get in. A New York City exterminator told us the places he'd never live.</a></h3>        <div>            <iframe class="bijwplayerclass" data-player="jwplayer" src="https://content.jwplatform.com/players/GNGiFeqU-CEZHWCBG.html" width="100%" height="100%" frameborder="0" scrolling="auto" style="margin:0px;" allowfullscreen=""></iframe><script>function receiveMessage(event){ console.log(event.data.fullscreen); Android.fullscreen(event.data.fullscreen); }window.addEventListener("message", receiveMessage, false);</script>        </div>    </div>

Aramco: Here's everything you need to know about the world's most profitable company's debut bond

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/55a8c3e5dd0895ec498b4645-1440-1080/solar flares and the sun.jpg" alt="A solar flare on the sun" data-mce-source="NASA" /><p class="source"><span>NASA</span></p><p class="caption">In the future, iPhones could harness the power of the sun.</p></div><p></p></div></div>Apple has invented an interesting new way of ensuring its trackpads and mice don't run out of juice: Covering the devices with solar cells.</p><p>A new patent application from the Cupertino company, <a href="http://9to5mac.com/2015/07/16/apple-solar-cell-touch-screen-patent/">which we first saw on 9to5Mac</a>, is for "Wireless Devices With Touch Sensors and Solar Cells."</p><p>The patent points out that the rise of wireless technology for computer input devices allows them to "be freely moved around by a user without worrying about cable length restrictions, cable tangles, and other inconveniences."</p><p>However, this comes with a downside - the need for batteries. "Rechargeable batteries use battery charging equipment that may be misplaced or may otherwise be inaccessible," and disposable batteries are a chore to constantly purchase and replace.</p><p><strong>Here's Apple's solution to this problem, <a href="http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&amp;Sect2=HITOFF&amp;d=PG01&amp;p=1&amp;u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&amp;r=1&amp;f=G&amp;l=50&amp;s1=20150199062.PGNR.">laid out in the patent's abstract</a> (emphasis ours):</strong></p><p class="p1" style="padding-left: 30px;">A wireless input-output device may gather touch input from a user. The touch input may be wirelessly transmitted to external wireless equipment such as a computer.<strong> The wireless device has a touch sensor and a solar cell that converts ambient light into electrical power</strong>. Wireless communications circuitry transmits the touch input to the external equipment using the electrical power from the solar cell. Energy storage devices such as a capacitor and a battery can be charged using the electrical power. The wireless device may have a transparent cover layer. <strong>The touch sensor may be a transparent touch sensor that is located between the cover layer and the solar cell or the solar cell may be a transparent solar cell that is located between the transparent cover layer and the touch sensor</strong>.</p><p>In plain English? That's a touch input device - AKA a trackpad or magic mouse - which doubles up as a solar cell.</p><p> <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/55a8c912dd0895e41f8b45c4-1147-860/screen shot 2015-07-17 at 10.16.56.png" alt="apple patent track pad solar panel" data-mce-source="Apple/USPTO" /><p class="source"><span>Apple/USPTO</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>It's important to note that not every patent Apple files makes its way into a finished product. Many are filed as a precautionary measure, or to preemptively head off competitors. But Apple is increasingly committed to renewable technologies, <a href="https://www.apple.com/uk/environment/renewable-resources/">committing to the goal of</a> "running all our facilities on 100 per cent clean and renewable energy."</p><p>A product that would both obviously improve the user experience, but also help Apple further green causes, would be a double win for the company.</p><h2><a href="http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&amp;Sect2=HITOFF&amp;d=PG01&amp;p=1&amp;u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&amp;r=1&amp;f=G&amp;l=50&amp;s1=20150199062.PGNR.">Read the full patent application here »</a></h2>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mark-cuban-snapchat-cyber-dust-privacy-2015-5">Mark Cuban explains why downloading Snapchat is a huge mistake</a></h3>        <div>            <div>    <script src="http://player.ooyala.com/v3/6e12e8b3387a44daacfb73afba25a76e"></script>    <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="FuMzJkdTpvQYH_d3c-8LMnnwzGDr7n8x" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>    <script>    if (typeof RunFunctions === 'undefined') { var RunFunctions = []; }     RunFunctions.push(function()    {         var ooyalapopvideo = OO.Player.create('ooyalaplayer_popvideo', 'FuMzJkdTpvQYH_d3c-8LMnnwzGDr7n8x',{ autoplay: 'false' });     });    </script>    <noscript><div>Please enable Javascript to watch this video</div></noscript></div>        </div>        <script>(function() { function createPlayer() { OO.ready(function() { RunFunctions.forEach(function(ooyalaFunction) { ooyalaFunction(); }); RunFunctions = [];}); } createPlayer(); }()); </script>    </div>

Apple has a wild new plan to cover trackpads with solar cells

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b6031a079126d19008b4843-1778/jonas 1.jpg" border="0" alt="Jonas 1" data-mce-source="Vladimir Tisma / CBD420" data-mce-caption="Jonas Duclos" data-link="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" /><p class="source"><span><a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/">Vladimir Tisma / CBD420</a></span></p><p class="caption">Jonas Duclos</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul><li><strong>Jonas Duclos has devoted the last two decades to cannabis products.</strong></li><li><strong>With two business partners, he set up CBD420, a website that legally sells products containing THC and CBD - molecules found in cannabis.</strong></li><li><strong>Testimonials from customers say his products have helped a range of conditions from epilepsy to Parkinson's, pain, and acne. </strong></li><li><strong>But to really help people, Duclos says legislation and regulation of cannabis have a way to go.</strong></li><li><strong>Many people use products from the black market, which aren't always safe. </strong></li><li><strong>If the industry was regulated, everyone would have access to products that could be proven to help.<br /></strong></li><li><strong>But it's going to take a long time to get there.</strong></li></ul><hr /><p><br />When he was 15 years old, Jonas Duclos started to have some health issues. It took a while to work out what was wrong, but his doctors finally told him he was suffering from a rare genetic disease called <a href="https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/pityriasis-rubra-pilaris/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PRP</a>, which was attacking his skin and blood.</p><p>For the past 17 years, Duclos has been trying to manage the excruciating pain the condition brings. </p><p>"Suffering from constant pain... it is a real nightmare on a daily basis, and many people cannot understand that struggle because it's really hard to grasp how terrible it is," he told Business Insider.</p><p>As a teenager, he found the most effective painkiller available to him was cannabis - and he realised it was helping his pain more than all of the pills doctors were trying to give him.</p><p>"I've been able to help myself with cannabis, of course for many years illegally... My disease doesn't fit the sheet of the pharmaceutical industry - so I had to figure out how to treat myself on my own somehow."</p><p>He said this discovery led him to become curious about the "therapeutic or the helpful side of cannabis, not only the recreational."</p><h2>The journey to CBD420</h2><p>After dropping out of school due to his health, Duclous dedicated the next two decades of his life to the <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> and economics around cannabis.</p><p>Despite having no high school diploma or degree, he managed to impress Swiss investment bank UBS, who took him in for an apprenticeship in wealth management. He was there eight years before shifting his attention entirely to the cannabis industry.</p><p>He used his new financial education to look further into the legislation of cannabis, its issues, and the health benefits - always coming from a personal angle of trying to find new ways to help people through this misunderstood plant.</p><p>In 2016, Duclos met Bruno Studer and Kevin Goetelen, who shared his view of how much good the cannabis industry could do for people. In 2017, they started JKB Research together, which <a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">manufactures and sells CBD-based products under the brand name CBD420</a>.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b603a622154a33c008b4773-1778/cannabis.jpg" border="0" alt="cannabis" style="color: #000000;" data-mce-source="JKB &amp; CBD420" data-link="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" /><p class="source"><span><a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/">JKB &amp; CBD420</a></span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>CBD is one of hundreds of compounds in the cannabis plant. At <a href="https://internationalcbc.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the International Cannabis Business Conference</a> last April in Berlin, Duclos listened to presentations from medical professionals which essentially said we don't know anything about most of them.</p><p>"We know already there are more than 500 compounds in the plant of cannabis, and so far, we haven't identified half of those," he said. "So how can we pretend we know everything at this point? It's impossible."</p><h2>The best way to introduce cannabis to skeptics</h2><p>CBD doesn't make you high, and the only known side effect is that it can make you feel sleepy. As for the benefits, they appear to be endless.</p><p>"There's no scientific proof at this point," Duclos said. "It's only that there are some obvious observations we've been able to notice from many people doing tests on their own."</p><p>In testimonials from his customers, for example, Duclos has heard CBD can help with the spasms that come with epilepsy, the shaking associated with Parkinson's, and CBD balms can even help with skin problems. But without scientific data, these experiences are merely anecdotal.</p><p>"It's very important to explain to [customers] how we can't promise anything," he said.</p><p>But the research is building up. For example, <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41388-018-0390-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an article published in the journal Oncogene</a> this week found that CBD could boost pancreatic cancer treatments - although the tests were in human cells and in mice. CBD is also being used in a <a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/ioppn/news/records/2017/12-december/cannabidiol-cbd-could-represent-a-'new-class-of-treatment'-for-psychosis.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">number of trials to try and treat psychosis</a>.</p><p>Duclos has a passion for skateboarding - he founded and leads OG Skate, Switzerland's largest skateboarding association - so he also has a lot of contact with professional athletes who use CBD for their muscle problems.</p><p>"If they get hit, or if they twist an ankle, if their knee hurts, they've been giving us amazing feedback of how CBD seems to help them," he said.</p><p>"So far, no studies have been able to prove that CBD could be psychoactive or addictive.... So this molecule is a very interesting one to start introducing cannabis to people."</p><p>There are also compounds called terpenes, which can enhance or activate the potential of CBD, but according to Duclos, nobody knows how they work.</p><p>"The human body is actually full of what we call CBD receptors," said Duclos. "Somehow there seems to be a matching molecule in this cannabis plant."</p><p>He said it's like there are puzzle pieces in the body, and the matching pieces are found in the cannabis plant, "but so far the picture on it is too blurry to see how they are really matched together."</p><h2>THC is more risky</h2><p>Another well-known compound in cannabis is THC, which is what makes you feel high. It is also associated with anxiety if the product is too potent, or is simply made with too many bad chemicals. Duclos said a lot of these problems come down to the fact cannabis is mostly bought and sold on the black market.</p><p>With the right regulations and education around it, cannabis could be safe for everyone, he said. He compared it to how people would make moonshine during prohibition in the US, and were dying from drinking a bad, unregulated product.</p><p>"I think it's pretty unfair to make [cannabis] evil at this point," he said. "We didn't make alcohol evil for that matter. We are in a period of marijuana prohibition. The product coming from the black market cannot be controlled and clean, and we cannot work with full transparency with a client in the black market."</p><p>For instance, some dealers lace their cannabis products with chemicals to boost the levels of THC. Unless you know the product really well, it's unlikely you'll be able to tell exactly what you're smoking or ingesting until you take it.</p><p>Not everyone who uses cannabis wants to get really high. As Duclos said, if you were making a fine wine, you wouldn't be marketing to the students who want to get drunk all the time. There are those who buy strong spirits for exactly that reason, but there are also people who want a more mellow effect.</p><p>"For the industry to be able to educate, we need to have a better understanding, and regulations that enable the industry to sell clean products with full transparency," Duclos said. "And it's just impossible today to do it perfectly, as we're evolving in those grey areas in all those different countries."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b60466f80eb351c008b4839-1778/cbd 420.jpg" border="0" alt="CBD 420" data-mce-source="Vladimir Tisma / CBD420" data-mce-caption="Bruno Studer and Kevin Goetelen" data-link="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" /><p class="source"><span><a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/">Vladimir Tisma / CBD420</a></span></p><p class="caption">Bruno Studer and Kevin Goetelen</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><h2>There are a lot of grey areas</h2><p>In Switzerland, for instance, there was a slight change to the law in 2011 to increase the tolerance level of THC in products from 0.2% to 1%.</p><p>One of the main reasons for this adjustment was because hemp farmers, who make textiles from the fibre of the cannabis plant, would end up with products with a THC level naturally higher than 0.2%, so they would be breaking the law by selling rope, strong fabrics, and paper.</p><p>"Those very simple farmers would end up in an illegal situation because of a bad understanding of cannabis," said Duclos. "That's why the Swiss authorities increased the level - because that obviously wouldn't make sense."</p><p>So CBD420 products with a THC level of less than 1% can be sold in Switzerland, which is essentially a loophole. But all cannabis products are also listed as a tobacco substitute, so it's heavily taxed, and everything CBD420 sells has to have a "smoking kills" label.</p><p>"Which is a shame when you know how some of my clients are just old ladies making tea with it," said Duclos. "It seems to be, from their feedback, very helpful for their arthritis."</p><p>Other countries have their own regulations, which complicate things even further.</p><p>In June, Canada became the second country in the world, behind Uruguay, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/canada-legalizes-marijuana-first-g7-country-to-do-so-2018-6?r=US&amp;IR=T" target="_blank" rel="noopener">to legalise marijuana</a>. In the US, it's a grey area, because laws differ from state to state. In nine states, including California, cannabis is legal for both medical and recreational use. In 31 states, it is legal for medicinal use only.</p><p>In the UK, Duclos said Brexit could bring about an interesting opportunity to start over with a blank sheet on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/a-legal-cannabis-market-could-offset-nhs-deficit-2018-6?r=US&amp;IR=T" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cannabis regulation</a>. And the country does appear to be opening its mind on the topic. In July, UK home secretary <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/jul/26/cannabis-based-medicines-get-green-light-as-uk-eases-rules" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sajid Javid said doctors should be allowed to prescribe cannabis-derived medicines</a>.</p><p>In countries like France and Germany, there's confusion over whether authorities should rely on EU or local law. In France, for example, CBD420 products are totally legal under EU law, but they're illegal under French law.</p><p>"Right now, the governments, they're not educated well enough," Duclos said. "It's pretty obvious today that prohibition is a failure on every level: on the understanding of the products, the protection, the use, everything that's been done so far. We can tell criminalising people for using drugs is not a solution, that's pretty obvious."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b60802c64dce837008b4792-1333/cannabis products.jpg" border="0" alt="cannabis products" data-mce-source="Vladimir Tisma / CBD420" data-link="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" /><p class="source"><span><a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/">Vladimir Tisma / CBD420</a></span></p><p class="caption">Some CBD420 products.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><h2>Black market products vary in quality</h2><p>If recreational cannabis use was decriminalised everywhere, Duclos argued patients like those who buy his products could be as healthy as possible. Having a good regulation for cannabis is the only way to ensure people get a clean product, he said, and we would actually be able to learn what the positive effects really are.</p><p>"A lot of people are using cannabis for medical purposes, but they're hiding," he said. "They're scared, because cannabis has a very bad image. There has a been an impressive brainwashing about the negatives of cannabis over the past 50 years, and of course it's very difficult to change people's mentalities at this point."</p><p>Paypal and Google, for instance, <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeadams/2018/06/13/tech-companies-google-and-paypal-not-playing-nice-with-cannabis-industry/#41aebc9f7040" target="_blank" rel="noopener">have made their problems with doing business with cannabis-related operations clear</a>.</p><p>All the murky legislature, the bad public image, and the lack of data to support how CBD can be used means Duclos can never honestly recommend his products to the hundreds of people who come to him looking for solutions to their problems.</p><p>"As of today we don't have enough information to do that, when someone asks me: 'How much cannabis should I take?'" he said.</p><p>But he doesn't have a problem introducing people to CBD, "because no matter the situation, to my knowledge, the worst case scenario is that it makes them tired and it doesn't fix their problem. But it won't make anything worse."</p><h2>Changing the public image of cannabis</h2><p>It's going to take a long time, Duclos said, but he is clear CBD420 has always played by the rules. They do their books and accounting, pay their taxes, and work with the health authorities and customs. They use organic products such as beeswax, coconut butter, and herbs, and there's no dodgy chemicals to be wary of.</p><p>"That's pretty much our strategy today, to start by showcasing a good image of cannabis through a brand," he said.</p><p>But the problems don't start and stop with legislation. In Canada, for example, the authorities are going to have to start regulating an industry that comes from the black market.</p><p>"It's like parents and teenagers," Duclos said. "As of today, a lot of people have been using cannabis illegally for medical purposes, including edibles and concentrates, and they've been working with people from the black market, and doing an amazing job helping those patients. But now what is it going to be? Are they going to get a licence? They don't know."</p><p>The major problem, he said, is that governments are so far behind in innovation and research, they won't know the best people to work with. When there's a massive unregulated black market out there, it takes experience to know who's legitimate and who isn't.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5b6032ee779c3836008b4731-2000/jonas 2.jpg" border="0" alt="Jonas 2" data-mce-source="Balthazar Wyss / CBD420" data-link="https://cbd420.ch/gb/" /><p class="source"><span><a href="https://cbd420.ch/gb/">Balthazar Wyss / CBD420</a></span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Duclos said people in the industry do not want to see regulations that look like they're written for the pharmaceutical industry. From day one, he has wanted to research cannabis for how it can help people, both recreationally and medically.</p><p>The pharmaceutical industry will never care about their patients as much as CBD420, he said, because the companies work for shareholders. For Duclos, the journey has been personal right from the start. He's not just investing his career and livelihood into cannabis, but his health too - which he wouldn't be doing unless he truly believed in what it can do for people.</p><h2>The future is bright</h2><p>Every step of Duclos life - from his illness, to his banking career, to finding his personalised health plan - has led him to the cannabis industry, which he says is a "blessing."</p><p>"I feel like I've been really lucky to gather the knowledge and skills over the years," he said. "My life has been pointing in that direction, and it feels amazing and I'm looking forward to everything that happens next."</p><p>It's going to take decades to fully start to grasp how cannabis really works, and authorities will have to adapt along with the research. Duclos hopes things go the right way, rather than sending the trade underground all over again.</p><p>Either way, he said his business will always be legal, and if that means he has to give it up, so be it. But until then, he'll keep playing his part in spreading education about cannabis.</p><p>"Any farmer thinks they can be a cannabis grower, but it actually takes a lot of science, so you need to be better educated, and it takes time," he said. "It's going to be a long process... but if somehow we have a positive impact on it, I'll be the happiest person on earth."</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-cities-can-not-get-rid-of-rats-2018-6">Why cities can't get rid of rats</a></h3>        <div>            <iframe class="bijwplayerclass" data-player="jwplayer" src="https://content.jwplatform.com/players/a6qq5NUU-CEZHWCBG.html" width="100%" height="100%" frameborder="0" scrolling="auto" style="margin:0px;" allowfullscreen=""></iframe><script>function receiveMessage(event){ console.log(event.data.fullscreen); Android.fullscreen(event.data.fullscreen); }window.addEventListener("message", receiveMessage, false);</script>        </div>    </div>

People use cannabis products for health problems like Parkinson's, epilepsy, and acne - but misinformation and out-of-date regulations are stopping most from benefitting

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/556f5dfaecad0485487a7621-1024-683/7300698546_e02137a575_b.jpg?maxX=600" border="0" alt="Jack Horner Jurassic World" width="600"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/meetthemediaguru/7300698546/">Meet the media Guru/Flickr</a></span></p><p class="caption">Jack Horner, the paleontologist who worked on Jurassic World (and the rest of the Jurassic Park films), has plans to make a dinosaur.</p></img></div><p></p></div>Yes, this is for real.</p><p>No, there isn't dinosaur DNA trapped in amber, waiting to be replicated and cloned.</p><p>But that's not the only way to make a dino, said Jack Horner, the paleontologist who worked on "Jurassic World" (and the rest of the "Jurassic Park" films), and he wants to make it happen.</p><p>How did we get to this point, where Horner - one of the main inspirations for Michael Crichton's <a href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/scientist-behind-jurassic-world-breaks-down-trailer-180953505/?no-ist">"Jurassic Park" character Alan Grant</a> - thinks we can make a live dinosaur within five to 10 years?</p><p>"It all started with 'Jurassic Park,'" Horner told Business Insider in an interview.</p><p>In 1993, the same year the first movie came out, he and then-graduate student Mary Schweitzer, who has continued to <a href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dinosaur-shocker-115306469/?all">make some amazing discoveries</a> in the field of paleontology, tried to extract DNA from dinosaur bones.</p><p>They failed. DNA basically starts coming apart as soon as a cell dies, says Horner, and no one has ever found intact dinosaur DNA - he doesn't think it's possible. "If you did the thing they did in 'Jurassic Park,'" says Horner (referring to the story's solution of filling in dino DNA gaps with frog DNA), "you'd basically have a frog."</p><p>About 20 years of genetics research later, however, Horner has another plan - and it relies on the fact that we have a more effective way to get "dinosaur" DNA.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/556e0cd56bb3f7dc0fb23cff-1200-924/velociraptor-jurassic-world-2.png" border="0" alt="Velociraptor Jurassic World"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJJrkyHas78">Universal via YouTube</a></span></p><p class="caption">Picture this guy (or gal?), but smaller and feathered.</p></img></div><p></p></div></div></p><h3>Going back in time</h3><p>We have creatures on the planet that are the direct descendants of dinosaurs: birds. And if you ask a paleontologist, <a href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/diapsids/avians.html">birds are dinosaurs</a>, specifically avian dinosaurs.</p><p>They might not look like dinosaurs, but birds have feathers, just like dinosaurs, including the ferocious velociraptor. Over time, their descendants' snouts turned into beaks, they stopped growing tails, and wings further evolved into modern bird wings.</p><p><strong>But birds didn't necessarily lose the genes that code for tails or arms or snouts - instead, those same traits most likely exist in their genetic code, inactive, while the newer genes for wings, tail feathers, and beaks are expressed.</strong></p><p>Horner thinks that we can suppress these new genes and express the atavistic, throwback dinosaurian genes instead. And his plan is to do this first with a well-researched bird that we're all familiar with, a chicken, giving us... a "chickenosaurus," as he described <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/jack_horner_building_a_dinosaur_from_a_chicken?language=en">in a TED talk</a>, or a "dino-chicken."</p><p>Picture it: a small, feathered creature, with a tail that helps it balance, small arms with claws, and a toothy snout, instead of a beak.</p><p>Remember, real velociraptors were just the size of a large turkey.</p><p>Horner has talked about pet dinosaurs for a while. Publishers of his book, "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/How-Build-Dinosaur-Extinction-Forever/dp/B002IKLO0A">How to Build a Dinosaur: Extinction Doesn't Have to Be Forever</a>" came out in 2009, originally planned to release it around the same time as "Jurassic Park 4."</p><p>Basically, Horner says, he's trying to discover the genetic pathways that turned birds into the modern creatures we know, so we can turn back the clock on a chicken's evolutionary history.</p><p>And as wild as this may sound, Horner's not the only one doing this type of work. A pair of Harvard and Yale scientists <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evo.12684">recently announced</a> they'd found a way to turn chicken beaks back into dinosaur snouts. Skeptics think building a dino snout won't be so easy, and will <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/12/science/reverse-engineering-birds-beaks-into-dinosaur-bones.html?_r=0">involve as-yet undiscovered genetics</a>. But the researchers counter that their work shows just how fast the <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> in this field is developing.</p><p>Horner says we can look at the beak study as a "proof of concept" that this reverse engineering process is feasible.</p><p>That Harvard-Yale team is working on the beak. In 2014, another group reported in PLOS Biology they'd figured out <a href="http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001957">how dinosaur arms fused</a> into wings. Horner is working on the tail. And he thinks that with the right funding, we can reverse-engineer and grow a dinosaur in five to ten years.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/5531f3c26da81158678b4567-1200-800/shutterstock_187967735.jpg" border="0" alt="dna"><p class="source"><span>Shutterstock</span></p></img></div><p></p></div></div></p><h3>Creating something new</h3><p>If researchers reverse-engineer a bird, they'd have some sort of dinosaur, though it would still be a new species - the process by which modern birds evolved happened over tens of millions of years, and the few changes we're talking about here probably wouldn't represent an exact creature that existed 65 million years ago.</p><p>And dinosaurs that weren't of the avian variety still wouldn't be represented. We have no modern descendant of a stegosaurus or a brontosaurus (<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/brontosaurus-is-back-2015-4">newly restored to real dino status</a>).</p><p>But the rapidly changing world of genetics could open up the possibility for creating animals just like, say, a triceratops.</p><p>Horner says that <em>if</em> we were interested, we could genetically engineer creatures like these, or like anything else we can figure out a genetic code for, even if it never existed in nature. Once we figure out the genes that create a trait, those genes could potentially be incorporated into an animal. We've already done this. Researchers used the genes from jellyfish to make <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/13/glow-in-dark-rabbits-scientists">rabbits that glow in the dark</a>, and other researchers made <a href="https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/scicurious/clearing-anatomy-see-through-mouse">mice with transparent skin</a>. Once we know the code for a trait, we could use that to make a creature.</p><p>Horner uses a unicorn as an example - we'd just need to add genes for a horn. "We could probably get to a unicorn before we get to a dino-chicken," he says.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><img src="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/553c2e466bb3f7bd5db4e3d8-2768-1874/rtr1iv0r.jpg" border="0" alt="Chickens" data-mce-source="REUTERS/Stringer " data-mce-caption="" data-link=""><p class="source"><span>REUTERS/Stringer </span></p><p class="caption">Your friendly neighborhood dinosaur relatives.</p></img></div><p></p></div></div></p><h3>So why do it?</h3><p>Though some of this might sound like it's totally out there, there are practical applications. If Horner's team figures out how to make a tail grow, that might unlock the ability to better understand the growth of vertebrae and neural tissue, with fascinating medical implications.</p><p>He also thinks "if we can make a dino-chicken, it's pretty cool." It might help get kids interested in genetics at a young age - what kid doesn't love dinosaurs?</p><p>Plus, Horner points out that we've been genetically modifying the genes of animals for thousands of years. We've just called it "breeding."</p><p>"People made chihuahuas out of wolves, for God's sake," he says.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-jurassic-world-trailer-movie-cost-2015-4">The new 'Jurassic World' trailer shows why it took $190 million to make this summer blockbuster</a></h3>        <div>            <div>    <script src="http://player.ooyala.com/v3/6e12e8b3387a44daacfb73afba25a76e"></script>    <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="5uY2ptdDpmnjH66aI1j6DqUOW00vtgKL" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>    <script>    if (typeof RunFunctions === 'undefined') { var RunFunctions = []; }     RunFunctions.push(function()    {         var ooyalapopvideo = OO.Player.create('ooyalaplayer_popvideo', '5uY2ptdDpmnjH66aI1j6DqUOW00vtgKL',{ autoplay: 'false' });     });    </script>    <noscript><div>Please enable Javascript to watch this video</div></noscript></div>        </div>        <script>(function() { function createPlayer() { OO.ready(function() { RunFunctions.forEach(function(ooyalaFunction) { ooyalaFunction(); }); RunFunctions = [];}); } createPlayer(); }()); </script>    </div>

The paleontologist who worked on 'Jurassic World' is trying to create a real dinosaur within 5 to 10 years

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container click-to-enlarge"><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="AP" title_caption="Steve Ballmer and Alan Mulally" class="zoomin" href="http://static4.businessinsider.com/image/5245cc8469beddd3678f0407-960/alan-mulally-steve-ballmer-microsoft-ford.jpg"><span class="click-to-enlarge-icon" title="Click to enlarge"></span><img src="http://static4.businessinsider.com/image/5245cc8469beddd3678f0407-1200-600/alan-mulally-steve-ballmer-microsoft-ford.jpg?maxX=800" border="0" alt="Alan Mulally Steve Ballmer Microsoft Ford" width="800" /></a><p class="source">AP</p><p class="caption"><keyword id="62333" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Steve-Ballmer">Steve Ballmer</keyword> and Alan Mulally</p></div><p></p></div></p>
<p>Alan Mulally, <keyword id="6355174" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Ford">Ford</keyword>'s CEO, has reportedly <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ford-ceo-alan-mulally-microsofts-ceo-2013-9">become the leading candidate to run Microsoft</a> now that Steve Ballmer is retiring as CEO.</p>
<p>Mulally is a bit of a shock to some people because has no connection to high-tech. Prior to running Ford, he was CEO of Boeing's commercial airplanes division. He started at Boeing when he graduated college, and spent 37 years there. </p>
<p>Despite Mulally's lack of expertise in the tech industry, he would be a good fit for <keyword id="10387" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Microsoft">Microsoft</keyword>.</p>
<p>The Wall Street Journal <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444017504577645751611889214.html">called Mulally</a>, "<span>one of the most highly respected CEOs in any industry," and Barclays analyst Brian Johnson told the Journal, <span>"There is no doubt that Alan has fundamentally transformed Ford both in simplifying its brand portfolio and developing a system that coherently exploits scale while generating interesting, exciting product."</span></span></p>
<p>Ford, under Mulally, was the only American car company that didn't need a bailout. Mulally recapitalized the company through private markets, and got it back on its feet. </p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">In 2009, <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2009-03-04/alan-mulally-the-outsider-at-ford">Bloomberg Businessweek wrote</a> of Mulally's first two and a half years running the company, "</span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Under Mulally, decision-making is more transparent, once-fractious divisions are working together, and cars of better quality are moving faster from design studio to showroom ... Ford's far-flung fiefdoms are starting to collaborate, a once wasteful and balkanized vehicle development system is beginning to cohere."</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><strong>Exactly what Microsoft needs</strong><br /></span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">That sounds like exactly what Microsoft needs. Investors may agree. After Mulally's name was floated the stock was up 1.5% on a day when the broader markets fell.</span></p>
<p>For years, Microsoft was known for brutal internal politics. Its groups worked in silos, and rarely collaborated. <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Ballmer just reorganized the company to kill those silos, and get the company working together. When Ballmer put together his reorganization plan, </span><a href="http://allthingsd.com/20130709/fords-mulally-says-hes-shared-business-transformation-tips-with-microsofts-ballmer/">he consulted with Mulally</a><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">. </span></p>
<p>More than a reorganization, Microsoft needs great products. </p>
<p>In 2007, Apple changed everything when it introduced the iPhone. Ballmer basically laughed at the iPhone when it was released. That was a huge mistake. </p>
<p>The iPhone sparked a revolution that resulted in Google dominating the smartphone market and tablet computing eroding the personal computer market. </p>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image"><a title_source="Business Insider" title_caption="" class="zoomin" href="http://static5.businessinsider.com/image/523376fe69bedd1c3ec8a35b-960/chart-of-the-day-computing-share.jpg"><span class="click-to-enlarge-icon" title="Click to enlarge"></span><img src="http://static5.businessinsider.com/image/523376fe69bedd1c3ec8a35b-1200-900/chart-of-the-day-computing-share.jpg" border="0" alt="chart of the day computing share" /></a><p class="source">Business Insider</p></div><p></p></div></div>In 2009, Microsoft controlled ~70% of all Internet-connected computing devices. Today, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/microsofts-biggest-problem-in-one-chart-2013-9">it's down to 24%</a>. <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">As Android, and Apple's iOS (the software powering iPhones and iPads) take over more Internet connected devices, Microsoft gets less and less relevant. </span></p>
<p>Microsoft's Windows <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-stock-2013-7">operating income was down 55%</a> thanks largely to the rise of Apple's iPad, which is decimating the personal computer market. </p>
<p>Would Mulally, <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-09-10/why-fords-alan-mulally-shouldnt-be-microsofts-next-ceo">a 68-year-old non-tech executive</a>, have done things differently? We don't know<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">.</span></p>
<p><strong>A fresh set of eyes</strong></p>
<p>At Ford, he hasn't rolled out mind melting cars. The Ford Focus is an excellent automobile, but it's not exactly the iPhone of cars. Ford's market share in North America has stabilized under Mulally, but it's about even with where it was when he came in, according to data on a Bloomberg terminal. </p>
<p>Making comparisons between the auto industry and the tech industry on a product basis are tough, and imperfect. </p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Importantly for Microsoft though, the damage is done with the iPhone. There's not much to be gained by looking backwards.</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Microsoft has a decent plan on how it's going to rebound. It has Windows Phone, Windows 8, and the Surface tablet. All of those products are still rough around the edges, but they're pointed in the right direction.</span></p>
<p>Mulally, with a fresh set of eyes, could help focus Microsoft's strategy and get the company back on top of the tech world. </p>
<p><strong>The other candidates aren't perfect either</strong></p>
<p>But what about the <em>Next. Big. Thing.</em>? After all, technology isn't defined by what's been done, it's defined by what comes next. </p>
<p>Microsoft is overflowing with really smart people building amazing technology. We've been in the company's labs on off-the-record briefings and seen some really cool stuff. <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Microsoft doesn't need a great visionary to think of the next major product. It has plenty of those people at the company already. </span></p>
<p>What Microsoft needs is an executive who can streamline operations, get everyone working together, and decide which projects get oxygen and which products get drowned. </p>
<p>If Microsoft really needs a strong technological vision, it can ask founder Bill Gates to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-on-returning-to-be-microsoft-ceo-no-2013-9">contribute more than just on a part-time basis</a>. </p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mulally may not be a perfect candidate for the role, but neither are the other candidates.</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Stephen Elop, who is rejoining Microsoft from Nokia is said to be a top choice. However, he's bounced from job to job through the years, and his most recent job as CEO of Nokia was unimpressive. Nokia was on the cusp of bankruptcy before Microsoft bailed it out. </span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Tony Bates, who ran Skype is also said to be a top choice. He doesn't have the experience of running a major public company. He was CEO of Skype for less than a year before Microsoft bought it. Is he really ready to take on a massive company like Microsoft?</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><strong>Can Mulally find Jony Ive at Apple?</strong><br /></span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mulally may lack tech skills but he's an engineer by training. He </span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">already pivoted once from planes to cars. It's entirely possible he can pivot to technology. </span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Besides, Microsoft is a unique technology company. </span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">While a lot of people look at Microsoft and want to compare it to Apple, the truth is the two companies are radically different.</span></p>
<p>At Apple, the company is laser focused on two products - the iPad and the iPhone. It has other stuff like iPods, and Macs. It's also developing new products. But, at its core, Apple is a simple company. Want to know how well it's doing? Look at iPad sales, look at iPhone sales. </p>
<p><span>Microsoft is more like GE than Apple. It's a sprawling company that makes tablets, makes keyboards, makes mice, does console gaming. It's in cloud computing, it's big in the enterprise, and it's big with consumers. It's a little bit of this, a little bit of that. And when one division struggles, it has many others to pick up the slack. </span></p>
<p><span>Mulally, with experience running big companies like Boeing and Ford could corral Microsoft's overflowing talents and aim them in the right place. He doesn't have to be the next Steve Jobs. He can be the next Tim Cook, and find the next Jony Ive at Microsoft. </span></p>

You Searched For "transparent mice" and got 14 results

Hollow mouse? Scientists have turned mice transparent using common food dye!

Ankush Banerjee

Scientists create first synthetic embryos of mice without sperm or eggs

IANS

Japan Scientists Make See-Through Mice

AFP

Scientists have created a 'revolutionary' technology that turns mice clear - and might one day map your brain

Dave Mosher

Your social behaviour is connected to your gut as well as brain

ANI

See the presentations that cutting-edge biotech companies have used to raise millions from top investors

Leah Rosenbaum

GrubHub tumbles after Uber says it has a massive opportunity in food delivery

Arjun Reddy

My shy cat rarely plays with toys, but this scratcher with a light-up ball made her want to leap and dodge as if she was born to play

Shoshi Parks

Lyft spent an entire year redesigning its app - here are all the changes it made to steal customers away from Uber

Biz Carson

Aramco: Here's everything you need to know about the world's most profitable company's debut bond

Callum Burroughs,Callum Burroughs

Apple has a wild new plan to cover trackpads with solar cells

Rob Price

People use cannabis products for health problems like Parkinson's, epilepsy, and acne - but misinformation and out-of-date regulations are stopping most from benefitting

Lindsay Dodgson

The paleontologist who worked on 'Jurassic World' is trying to create a real dinosaur within 5 to 10 years

Kevin Loria

Why Ford CEO Alan Mulally Is A Good Choice To Run Microsoft (Despite His Lack Of High-Tech Chops)

Jay Yarow