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New Delhi, <keyword id="3658" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> is among the top 10 most <keyword id="6510237" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="affected-countries">affected countries</keyword> in the <keyword id="5967328" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-climate-risk-index">Global Climate Risk Index</keyword> 2021 published on Monday by the Bonn-based environmental think <keyword id="10649315" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="tank-germanwatch">tank Germanwatch</keyword>. It said vulnerable people in developing countries suffered the most from extreme weather events like storms, floods and heat waves, while the impacts of climate change are visible around the globe. Being the deadliest and costliest tropical cyclone in the South-West Indian Ocean, tropical Cyclone 'Idai' was labelled "one of the worst weather-related catastrophes in the history of Africa" by UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres. It caused catastrophic damage and a humanitarian crisis, making Mozambique and Zimbabwe the two most affected countries in 2019. The Bahamas rank third after the devastation of Hurricane Dorian. In the past 20 years (2000-2019), Puerto Rico, Myanmar and Haiti were the countries most affected by the impacts of such weather events. These are some of the main results of the Global Climate Risk Index 2021, published only a few hours before the Global Climate Adaptation Summit begins. "The Global Climate Risk Index shows that poor vulnerable countries face particularly great challenges in dealing with the consequences of extreme weather events. They urgently need financial and technical assistance," said David Eckstein of Germanwatch. "Therefore, it is concerning that recent studies show that the 100 billion dollars per year pledged by the industrialised nations will first not be reached, and second that only a small proportion of this has been provided for climate adaptation. The Climate Adaptation Summit starting today must address these problems." Eight of the 10 countries most affected between 2000 and 2019 are developing countries with low or lower middle income per capita. India ranked as the seventh worst-hit country in 2019. Responding to the ranking, Anjal Prakash, Research Director and Adjunct Associate Professor at Bharti Institute of Public Policy and Coordinating Lead Author of IPCC's special report on oceans and cryosphere, said it was not surprising to know that India appeared to be in the top 10 most affected countries in the global climate risk index of 2021. "As an IPCC scientist, we have been pointing towards extreme risk an emerging market such as India is going to face due to very rapidly changing climatic conditions. "India is blessed by many ecologies -- glaciers, high mountains, long coastlines as well as massive semi-arid regions which are the hotspots for climate change. Global warming is leading to an increase in the frequency of cyclones, the melting of glaciers at much faster rates, and heatwaves. "A majority of the Indian population is dependent on agriculture, which is being severely affected by the impacts of climate change. This year, India saw many of its cities drowning due to variability of the monsoon system. Many global reports, including IPCC reports, have been pointing this out year after year," he said. "What is the appalling lack of response from the government to safeguard its people against the impacts of climate change? A national adaptation plan was prepared way back in 2008 followed by state action plans. However, most of the plans lack resources so that they are integrated into the district development and disaster risk reduction plan. It is high time that the government commissions India's state and district specific climate-risk maps to further disaggregate this information to understand which areas need more attention than others," said Prakash. Vera Kuenzel of Germanwatch said the poorer countries are hit hardest because they are more vulnerable to the <keyword id="9318667" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="damaging-effects">damaging effects</keyword> of a hazard and have lower coping capacity. "Countries like Haiti, the Philippines and Pakistan are repeatedly hit by extreme weather events and have no time to fully recover before the next event hits. Thus, strengthening their resilience must not only address adaptation, but also provide necessary support for dealing with losses and damages." In the past 20 years, globally nearly 4,80,000 fatalities were directly linked to more than 11,000 extreme weather events. The economic damages amounted to approximately $2.56 trillion (calculated in purchasing-power parity, PPP) -- again a rise compared to the previous year. Storms and their direct implications -- precipitation, floods and landslides -- were the major cause of damage in 2019. Of the 10 most affected countries in 2019, six were hit by tropical cyclones. Recent science suggests that not only the severity but also the number of severe tropical cyclones will increase with every tenth of a degree in global average temperature rise. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/an-american-electric-car-maker-explains-why-it-took-a-different-route-than-elon-musks-tesla-tata-motors-or-mahindra/articleshow/80442243.cms?upcache=2">An American electric car maker explains why it took a different route than Elon Musk’s Tesla, Tata Motors or Mahindra</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/new-realme-stores-in-india-and-ceo-says-there-is-plan-for-new-devices/articleshow/80443801.cms">EXCLUSIVE: Realme plans to open 500 new stores in 2021⁠— the CEO reveals the company will go beyond smartphones in the 5G era</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/mrs-bectors-shares-are-down-32-from-the-peak-post-listing-analysts-say-it-is-still-overpriced/articleshow/80430865.cms">Mrs Bectors shares are down 32% from the peak post listing — analysts say it is still 'overpriced'</a>

India among top 10 most affected countries in Global Climate Risk Index 2021, says environmental think tank Germanwatch

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Months of floods submerged a third of Pakistan, causing billions in damages and killing at least 1,191 people.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-change-alter-human-life-un-ipcc-report-2022-2">Rising temperatures due to </a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-change-alter-human-life-un-ipcc-report-2022-2">climate change</a> lead to heavy rainfall and floods in many parts of the world.</li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/videos-photos-pakistan-floods-killed-1000-monsoon-humanitarian-crisis-disaster-2022-8">Relentless rains in Pakistan</a> over two months have caused the country's worst flooding in more than a decade. Floodwaters have washed away roads, buildings, and crops. A third of the country, an area about the size of Colorado, is now underwater, according to the <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/un-issues-flash-appeal-160-million-help-pakistan-with-floods-2022-08-30/">country's climate minister.</a>Officials estimate that more than <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/25/asia/pakistan-flooding-climate-minister-intl-hnk/index.html">33 million Pakistanis</a> — one in seven people in the country — have been affected by the flooding. Two months of consecutive rain have killed 1,191 people as of Wednesday, according to Pakistan's <a href="http://cms.ndma.gov.pk/storage/app/public/situation-reports/August2022/AQxxCfU9o78SEudlTEyf.pdf">National Disaster Management Authority</a>."Pakistan is awash in suffering," Antonio Guterres, secretary general of the United Nations, said in a <a href="https://twitter.com/antonioguterres/status/1564556094680227841?s=20&amp;t=qsHdbX6KfBkS5JI9pG8fFw">video statement</a> Tuesday, while issuing an urgent appeal for $160 million in aid. "The Pakistani people are facing a monsoon on steroids — the relentless impact of epochal levels of rain and flooding," he added.Wealthy industrialized countries have pumped far more greenhouse gas emissions — a key driver of climate change — into the air than Pakistan, a low-emitting nation. But while the country's contribution to the climate crisis is minuscule, it's bearing more than its share of climate change's deadly effects.<div type="image" title="This aerial view shows a flooded residential area in Dera Allah Yar town after heavy monsoon rains in Jaffarabad district, Balochistan province on August 30, 2022." height="2210" width="3316" msid="93913415" hostid="261" sizebytes="692952"></div><h1>A 'monsoon on steroids' in Pakistan</h1>Since June, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/extreme-weather-across-us-triggers-fatal-floods-heat-emergency-2022-7">consecutive downpours</a> damaged or destroyed more than 1 million houses and 1,800 miles of roads, according to Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Early government estimates put the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/americans-keep-moving-to-disaster-prone-areas-new-report-warns-2022-4">damage from the floods</a> at more than $10 billion. "Seventy-two districts of Pakistan are in calamity and all four corners of Pakistan are underwater," Sharif said at a press conference Tuesday, according to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/30/pakistan-monsoon-on-steroids-flooding-warning-antonio-guterres">The Guardian</a>. "I have not seen such devastation in my life," Sharif added.Satellite images below capture the scale of the devastation.<div type="image" title="Overview of a vilage and fields before and after flooding in Rajanpur, Pakistan as of August 28, 2022." height="1000" width="2000" msid="93913416" hostid="261" sizebytes="298878"></div>The summer monsoon season brings rain to the South Asian region from June until September. But this monsoon season, rainfall in Pakistan has been nearly three times the national average over the past 30 years, according to a <a href="https://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-2022-monsoon-floods-situation-report-no-03-26-august-2022">UN report</a> released in August.Sherry Rehman, Pakistan's climate change minister, said on Twitter that one town in Sindh saw 67 inches of rain in one day. "Unheard of, anywhere," Rehman <a href="https://twitter.com/sherryrehman/status/1564259863508799498">tweeted</a>.The disaster echoes the devastating <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/PakistanFloods">2010 floods</a> in Pakistan, which killed more than 2,000.<h1><div type="image" title="Pakistani people wade through floodwater following flash flood in Hyderabad southern Sindh province Pakistan, August 30, 2022." height="3712" width="5568" msid="93913419" hostid="261" sizebytes="835868"></div>Floods hit more places and people due to climate change</h1>A growing body of research suggests human-caused climate change makes floods more likely and more severe, according to the latest report from the <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FullReport.pdf">United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a>. Rising temperatures warm up the atmosphere, and warmer air can retain more water, leading to more intense rainfall and flooding events. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/melting-glaciers-reveal-human-remains-plane-wreck-swiss-alps-2022-8">Melting glaciers and snow</a> also contribute to flooding. Pakistan is home <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/pakistan-has-more-glaciers-than-almost-anywhere-on-earth-but-they-are-at-risk/2016/08/11/7a6b4cd4-4882-11e6-8dac-0c6e4accc5b1_story.html">more than 7,200 glaciers</a>, but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/antarctica-thwaites-glacier-ice-shelf-will-shatter-scientists-say-2021-12">rising global temperatures</a> due to climate change are causing them to melt fast, creating glacial lakes and threatening further floods.<div type="image" title="Children swim in flood waters along with buffalos on the outskirts of Sukkur, Sindh province, on August 30, 2022." height="3298" width="4946" msid="93913420" hostid="261" sizebytes="1882776"></div>Rehman said at a press conference Tuesday that towns had become "oceans and rivers," but she expects the country to go into a drought in upcoming weeks, according to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/30/pakistan-monsoon-on-steroids-flooding-warning-antonio-guterres">The Guardian</a>. "We are on the front of unfolding climate catastrophe," she added.<h1>'It is not our fault at all'</h1>Despite producing <a href="https://www.unep.org/gan/news/press-release/pakistan-develop-national-adaptation-plan-climate-change">less than 1%</a> of global greenhouse gas emissions, <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/co2/country/pakistan">according to Our World in Data</a>, Pakistan is bearing some of the worst effects of climate change."We are suffering from it, but it is not our fault at all," Sharif told reporters Tuesday.Pakistan ranked among the top 10 countries most vulnerable to climate change in the 2021 <a href="https://www.germanwatch.org/en/19777">Global Climate Risk Index</a> compiled by Germanwatch, an environmental think tank.<div type="image" title="Brick kiln workers carry their belongings and move following flash flood in Hyderabad southern Sindh province Pakistan, August 30, 2022." height="1944" width="2896" msid="93913422" hostid="261" sizebytes="332170"></div>Guterres called South Asia a "climate crisis hotspot," where people were <a href="https://press.un.org/en/2022/sgsm21429.doc.htm">15 times more likely</a> to die from climate impacts than those living elsewhere. "As we continue to see more and more extreme weather events around the world, it is outrageous that climate action is being put on the back burner as global emissions of greenhouse gasses are still rising, putting all of us — everywhere —in growing danger," Guterres said in the <a href="https://twitter.com/antonioguterres/status/1564556094680227841?s=20&amp;t=qsHdbX6KfBkS5JI9pG8fFw">video statement</a> Tuesday."Let's stop sleepwalking towards the destruction of our planet by climate change," he said, adding, "Today, it's Pakistan. Tomorrow, it could be your country."

Deadly floods in Pakistan highlight a troubling problem. It's at the center of the climate crisis, but barely contributes to global emissions.

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India among top 10 most affected countries in Global Climate Risk Index 2021, says environmental think tank Germanwatch

IANS

Deadly floods in Pakistan highlight a troubling problem. It's at the center of the climate crisis, but barely contributes to global emissions.

Paola Rosa-Aquino

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