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US President <keyword id="99719" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="joe-biden" source="Orion">Joe Biden</keyword> has honoured two Indian-American scientists -- <keyword id="19253515" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ashok-gadgil" source="Orion">Ashok Gadgil</keyword> and <keyword id="165227" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="subra-suresh" source="Orion">Subra Suresh</keyword> -- with the country's highest scientific awards for their contribution to the field of science and technology. Biden presented the prestigious <keyword id="6356037" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="White-House" source="Orion">White House</keyword> National Medal for Technology and Innovation to Gadgil, a Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Civil and Environmental Engineering at <keyword id="201630" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="uc-berkeley" source="Orion">UC Berkeley</keyword>, on Tuesday for providing life-sustaining resources to communities around the world. The award, bestowed on leading US innovators, recognises those who have made lasting contributions to America's competitiveness and quality of life and helped strengthen the nation's technological workforce. Suresh, a professor at large at <keyword id="107088" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="brown-university" source="Orion">Brown University</keyword>'s School of Engineering, was awarded the National Medal of Science for pioneering research across engineering, physical sciences and life sciences, and particularly for advancing the study of material science and its application to other disciplines. Gadgil was one of 12 recipients of the White House National Medal for Technology and Innovation. Gadgil has developed low--cost solutions to some of the developing world's most intractable problems, including safe drinking water technologies, energy-efficient stoves, and ways to make efficient electric lighting affordable. He focuses on robust inventions that can be deployed as widely as possible, and together, his projects have helped more than 100 million people. Gadgil is also an expert in building energy efficiency and computational fluid dynamics of indoor air and pollutant flows. The White House said Gadgil was presented the medal "for providing life-sustaining resources to communities around the world. His innovative, inexpensive technologies help meet profound needs, from drinking water to fuel-efficient cookstoves. His work is inspired by a belief in the dignity of all people and in our power to solve the great challenges of our time." Gadgil's award is the 17th national medal overall and the second National Medal of Technology and Innovation that Berkeley Lab researchers have earned. "The world is not a fair place. I try to bend my knowledge of science, engineering, and creativity to make it a little less unfair for the people who are holding the short end of the stick. If I can make that difference, go even a little bit in that direction, I think that's fantastic," Gadgil told Barkley Lab in an interview. Gadgil earned degrees in physics from the University of Bombay (now Mumbai), the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, and his Ph.D. from UC Berkeley. He then joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) in 1980 and retired earlier this year as a faculty senior scientist; he is now an affiliate retiree of the Berkeley Lab. He formerly served as the division director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division - now the Energy Technologies Area (ETA). He is also a distinguished professor emeritus of civil and environmental engineering at UC Berkeley. The announcement from the National Science and Technology Medals Foundation noted Suresh's commitment to research and collaboration across international borders, which has demonstrated how science can forge understanding and cooperation among people and nations. "It's very satisfying," said Suresh, who said he takes special pride in the recognition because of what the medal signifies, according to a Brown University statement. Suresh, the former head of the National Science Foundation (NSF), was presented with the prestigious science medal along with eight others. Born in India in 1956, Suresh graduated from high school at 15 and by age 25, had earned his undergraduate degree, master's degree and Ph.D., which he earned in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in just two years. Suresh became a faculty member at Brown University in 1983 as the youngest member of the engineering faculty. After 10 years at Brown, Suresh went on to become the first Asian-born American to lead the National Science Foundation (NSF), serving as its 13th director after he was nominated by then-president, Barack Obama. He returned to Brown's School of Engineering in September 2023, and earlier this month, the school announced a biennial symposium in his honour focused on the frontiers of technology and society. Under his leadership, NSF launched the Global Research Council, a virtual organisation of heads of science and engineering funding agencies from more than 50 countries, aimed at fostering global collaboration and data sharing. He also oversaw the establishment of the Centre-Life Balance programme, an initiative to increase the number of doctoral-level women in the science and engineering fields from 26 per cent to 40 per cent between 2011 and 2021.

Biden honours two Indian-American scientists with America's highest scientific awards

<ul><li><keyword id="3820" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mukesh-Ambani">Mukesh Ambani</keyword>’s <keyword id="6692069" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="jio-institute">Jio Institute</keyword> will start its first academic session in 2021. </li><li>It will focus on undergraduate courses in emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, data science, machine learning, and digital media and marketing. </li><li>The digital courses will be led by Shailesh Kumar, who is the chief data scientist for Jio.</li><li>The Human Resource &amp; Development (HRD) Ministry had granted the ‘eminence’ status to the Jio Institute even before it went operational.</li></ul>Mukesh Ambani’s Jio Institute which will <a href="https://inc42.com/buzz/jio-institute-to-launch-ai-data-science-courses-by-2021/">start its academic session</a> in 2021 — will offer courses in emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, data science, machine learning, digital media and marketing. These undergraduate courses will be led by Shailesh Kumar, who is the chief data scientist for <keyword id="6354504" type="DEFINITION" weightage="20" keywordseo="reliance-jio">Reliance Jio</keyword>. The institute has formulated a seven member board of advisory, before the launch. Ambanis aside, the board includes members — Jean-Lou Chameau, president of Caltech; Michael Keller of Stanford, Rick Levin of Yale, Subra Suresh of Singapore’s Nanyang Technology University, Nadhmi A Al-Nasr of Saudi Arabia’s habitat project NEOM; Frank J Mulhem and Vinayak P Dravis of Northwestern University. The Human Resource &amp; Development (HRD) Ministry had granted the ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-indian-government-may-shortlist-14-more-educational-institutes-for-eminence-tag/articleshow/66991082.cms">eminence</a>’ status to the Jio Institute even before it went operational. The institute however has been under the heat since it was the only proposed institute to be accorded this status back in 2018. This status was reportedly given solely on the basis of future prospects. The institute is expected to hire university staff and prepare an academic curriculum by October 2020, ET reported citing the company’s response to the government’s EEC. The Jio institute is eyeing global academic experts to be a part of its faculty. It is in talks with <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/jio-institute-faces-ire-of-expert-panel-for-failing-to-meet-deadlines/articleshow/69153915.cms">universities</a> like Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Stanford University, Northwestern University and Nanyang Technological University to bring in faculty experts and mentors to the institute. The institute is expected to have a sprawling campus across 800 acres and will be located at Navi Mumbai. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/mukesh-ambani-to-invest-15-billion-into-the-much-delayed-jio-institute/articleshow/70051829.cms">Mukesh Ambani to invest ₹15 billion into the much delayed Jio Institute</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/mukesh-ambanis-reliance-jio-could-increase-tariffs/articleshow/72121399.cms">Reliance Jio gets a golden opportunity to hike tariffs and still stay ahead of rivals</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/education/news/iits-iisc-say-that-patchy-funding-is-delaying-institute-of-eminence-plans/articleshow/72103538.cms">IITs, IISc say that patchy funding is delaying ‘Institute of Eminence’ plans</a>

Jio Institute to offer undergraduate courses in AI, machine learning and more

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pennstatelive/6839256878">Flickr/Penn State</a>Subra Suresh is the dean of Carnegie Mellon</div></div></div>If Subra Suresh weren't the dean of Carnegie Mellon University, he says he'd create a startup. But even as dean, he's been able to help build the technology for his dream company, which could make some serious advances in cancer treatment.He and a team of scientists have secured a number of patents so that in the not-so-distant future, a simple blood test could help detect whether or not someone has cancer at an earlier stage.We met him at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland last Wednesday, where he explained how his innovative blood test works.Suresh and his team are figuring out a way to use acoustic sound waves - like the ones ultrasounds produce - to distinguish cancerous cells from regular white blood cells with just a drop of blood. If that sounds familiar, it's because there are a number of private biotech companies working to achieve similar goals. Grail is a startup being spun out of Illumina that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/illumina-cancer-testing-startup-grail-2016-1">raised $100 million to create a cancer-detecting blood test</a>. Another well-known private tech company, Theranos, has been trying to help diagnose illnesses with <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/report-finds-theranos-overshot-results-2015-10">just a drop of blood</a>.Suresh explained how his test works, with a small, low-battery chip that produces safe acoustic waves that can detect size and property differences between healthy and unhealthy blood cells within a finger prick of blood."You can create a thumbnail-size device, a chip, with a very low-power battery that can produce sound waves, just like ultrasounds for pregnant people, which are known to be biologically benign," Suresh explained. "What we did a couple of years ago was to take a little device that's just a little bigger than a nickel and in that you can take a drop of human blood from the fingertip and you put it in a fluid. If you generate acoustic waves called surface acoustic waves, it can sense the difference either in size or the physical property between a healthy white blood cell and a cancerous blood cell. So just a tiny difference."<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Getty Images/Chip Somodevilla</div></div></div>Suresh's team first tested the surface acoustic wave technology on particles, then calibrated the technique and did another set of experiments on cultured cells in a lab. Finally, they took the test to Hershey hospital in Pennsylvania and <a href="http://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2015/april/sound-extracts-tumor-cells.html">tried it on three women with breast cancer</a> with their permission. The team <a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/112/16/4970">published their results</a> in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States in April last year. "We showed that we could successfully isolate one in 100,000 cells that are are malignant," Suresh says. He hopes his technology will aid other cancer research and detection technology, and increase the chances of catching and treating cancer cells in blood much earlier."If we catch only 50% of early stage cancer of a particular type, if we can improve that to 70% how many lives can we save? So that's the goal of this research," Subra says.Here's an image from their study showing how the technology works. Below, circulating cancerous tumor cells (CTCs) are isolated from healthy white blood cells (WBCs):<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/112/16/4970.full">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</a></div></div></div>While the technology sounds promising, there are still a host of obstacles to overcome when it comes to cancer treatment. One of these issues is that while there are a lot of treatments offered, doctors <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/obama-cancer-moonshot-is-misinformed-2016-1">don't always know how a patient's body will react</a> to one treatment over another.Subra says one advantage of his technology is that if it allows doctors to capture and culture a patient's cancerous cells and, theoretically, test different treatments on the blood outside of a patient's body, they'd be able to get a better sense of how the patient will react to those various treatments."For many diseases, doctors give patients drug cocktails without fully knowing how the drug is going to interact with the body of the patient," Subra explains. "So one of the other things we can do with these devices, is you try the drug on the patients blood, but outside the body. Then you see how it works and adjust the drug dosage, then give it to the patient."Subra is an engineer who has done a lot of work studying red blood cells. He says his test isn't ready for "prime time" but hopes to get it there soon."Since about a year ago we have improved the throughput of blood cells by four times," he says. "If we improve it another two or three times it'll be ready for prime time. We're not there yet, but we're working on it." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-zealand-student-delivers-moving-speech-jake-bailey-advice-senior-high-school-2015-11">One week after learning he has an aggressive form of cancer, a New Zealand teen dispensed invaluable advice to his schoolmates</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="9teWZyeDotLiq3L72hAu89fNQ1nNwPmp" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

The dean of Carnegie Mellon is working on a simple blood test that uses sound waves to help spot hard-to-find cancer cells

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Biden honours two Indian-American scientists with America's highest scientific awards

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Jio Institute to offer undergraduate courses in AI, machine learning and more

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The dean of Carnegie Mellon is working on a simple blood test that uses sound waves to help spot hard-to-find cancer cells

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