<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Getty</span></p><p class="caption">Google CEO Sundar Pichai.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>Google is moving its programmatic ad business from a second-price auction to a first-price auction, where advertisers bid the price they actually want to pay for <keyword id="35666" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="advertising">advertising</keyword>.</strong></li><li><strong>The tech giant is following other big players like OpenX, Rubicon and Index Exchange that have rolled out similar models over the past year.</strong></li><li><strong>Google's clout in advertising has some predicting that the change will cause spikes in ad prices and lead marketers to do more direct deals with publishers.</strong></li></ul><p>Google is making a change to its programmatic ad exchange that could cause ripples across the industry.</p><p>On Wednesday, Google said that it would change the structure of Google Ad Manager's Adx, its ad exchange and server that powers ads on hundreds of publishers' websites. By the end of the year, Adx will switch from being a second-price to a first-price auction for display and video ads.</p><p>Observers said the shift could cause higher prices for advertisers. They also said the move raises new questions about how Google's so-called "ad-tech tax" compares to other ad-tech firms. According to research firm eMarketer, programmatic advertising is expected to <a href="https://www.emarketer.com/content/us-programmatic-ad-spending-forecast-update-2018">generate $57 billion </a>in US spend this year.</p><p>"Whenever you have just a large market participant like Adx make changes, there will be ripple effects," said Will Doherty, EVP of global marketplace development at Index Exchange. Index Exchange is a supply-side partner (SSP) that connects publishers' programmatic ad inventory with advertisers.</p><p><em><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/google-is-streamlining-its-sprawling-menu-of-ad-offerings-2018-6">'There's clearly some confusion': Google's sprawling menu of ad products is so confusing some advertisers didn't know how to make buys</a></em></p><p>Programmatic advertising has two types of auctions: First-price and second-price auctions. Marketers generally prefer first-price auctions because they're more straightforward and transparent.</p><p>A first-price auction works like this: Advertisers bid on publishers' ad space and the winning bidder pays the actual price they bid. In second-price auctions, the highest bidder pays just a tiny bit more than the second-highest bidder. So if the highest bid is $10 while the second-highest bid is $3, the winning advertiser could end up paying only $3.01.</p><p>"By switching to a single first-price auction, we can help reduce complexity and create a fair and transparent market for everyone," Sam Cox, group product manager at Google Ad Manager, wrote<a href="https://www.blog.google/products/admanager/simplifying-programmatic-first-price-auctions-google-ad-manager/"> in a blog post.</a></p><p>SSPs Index Exchange, OpenX and Rubicon have offered first-price auctions to advertisers for over a year in part to keep up with the rise of header bidding, a technique that lets publishers offer their inventory to multiple ad exchanges at the same time to increase yield.</p><p>"This is an appropriate move towards transparency in ad tech and auctions," said Stephanie Layser, VP of advertising technology and operations at News Corp. "[It is] already adopted by many other SSPs, but as publishers we are still missing a huge piece of the transparency puzzle from Google, since they do not give us log-level data for AdWords demand that runs on our sites."</p><h2>Google could help publishers get more revenue but put pressure on rival exchanges</h2><p>Some speculate that Google's switch to a first-price auction could end up with Google taking more share from competing exchanges like Index Exchange or OpenX. One source said when there's a choice between first-price and second-price auctions, the first-price auction usually gets the winning bid, which has given SSPs a leg-up on Google until now.</p><p>"Right now when we send in a first-price auction bid, it ultimately competes against Adx's second price, which historically benefits the first-price buyer," said one source. "This change should help Adx's <a href="https://www.gourmetads.com/glossary/win-rate/">win rate</a> overall."</p><p>As for publishers, they could benefit in the near term because they'll get extra revenue from advertisers that had been paying less through second-price auctions. Most publishers use a mix of first-price and second-price auctions, and Google has been the biggest player in second-price auctions up until now.</p><h2>Prices may spike for advertisers - at least temporarily</h2><p>For advertisers, the switch from second-price to first-price auctions could cause them to have to pay more.</p><p>Marketers can cut costs in second-price auctions through a technique <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bid_shading">called bid shading,</a> which is when advertisers pay a price between the first-price auction and second-price auction, though advertisers say that the method takes more work. Both MediaMath and The Trade Desk have bid shading tools built in their software that can automatically optimize prices between both types of auctions.</p><p>Samantha Lee, product marketing lead at MediaMath, said concern about rising prices could lead advertisers to do more programmatic direct deals with publishers where the advertiser can get guaranteed ad rates.</p><p>Another question raised by the Google move is what percentage of revenue Google will take from transactions in a first-price auction, said Jay Friedman, president of Goodway Group. Non-Google ad-tech companies currently collect <a href="https://www.emarketer.com/content/how-programmatic-platforms-absorb-20-of-media-spend">15 to 20 percent</a> of advertisers' spend in fees while Google's AdSense <a href="https://support.google.com/adsense/answer/180195?hl=en">takes 32 percent.</a> The remaining 68 percent goes to publishers.</p><p>"If Google continues to take the same percentage as before through AdSense, then both [Google and publishers] make more," he said. </p><p class="tagline">Get the latest Google stock price<a href="http://markets.businessinsider.com/stock/GOOG-Quote"> here.</a></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-9-things-to-do-in-puerto-rico-2019-1">Puerto Rico was named the No. 1 place to travel this year. Here are 9 of the best ways to see the island</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

Google is overhauling how it sells programmatic advertising, and some marketers are concerned it means that the tech giant could steal more ad share

Pablo Escobar's death cleared the way for much more sinister kind of criminal in Colombia

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Shutterstock</span></p><p class="caption">Male birth control has typically been available in just one form: condoms. Those are about 85% effective at preventing pregnancy.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>A man in Washington state just became the first US patient to start a trial of a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/male-birth-control" target="_blank" rel="noopener">male birth-control gel</a>.</strong></li><li><strong>The gel is a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/male-birth-control-shoulder-rub-tested-couples-worldwide-2018-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">once-a-day treatment</a> that men rub into their shoulders, and it reduces sperm count.</strong></li><li><strong>Roughly 420 other couples in seven countries are also set to try the gel in the coming months.</strong></li></ul><p>Shower, shave, and apply your male birth-control rub. </p><p>Daily personal-care routines are changing for at least two US couples this week, as a worldwide trial of male birth control gel kicks off on the West Coast. </p><p>The couples are the first two of about 420 around the world who will eventually participate in a groundbreaking study of a form of male birth control that gets rubbed into a man's shoulders once a day.</p><p>The gel works by inhibiting a man's natural testosterone production. Using a combination of progestin<span> (Nestorone) and testosterone, the treatment interrupts the normal hormone production processes in the testicles, thereby preventing men from producing viable, mature sperm.</span></p><p><span>"That's why it works, because sperms require all that testosterone inside the testicle," Dr. Stephanie Page, a professor of medicine at the University of Washington who's leading the trial, previously told Business Insider. </span></p><p><span>The gel, which takes about eight to 12 weeks to become fully effective, is administered in a single pump on each shoulder. Study leaders suggest that men apply it after they shower, then wait to swim or bathe again for at least four hours (even though the goo dries in about five minutes). </span></p><p><span>After they rub the birth control on, men are instructed to wash their hands. They're also advised to wear a shirt if they're going to be getting cozy with women or children, since the gel contains male sex hormones. </span></p><p><span>"If they are preparing for intercourse or close contact ... they need to be wearing clothes. Or they need to shower," Dr. Christina Wang, the project's principal investigator said.</span></p><h2>The quest to develop a reversible form of male birth control that's not condoms</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Shutterstock</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The first couple participating in the year-long trial began on Tuesday in Washington state. A second couple is set to receive their first gel pump on Friday at LA BioMed, the research center where Wang works. A third man in the US has been pre-screened at the University of Kansas and is set to start his trial soon as well.</p><p>Couples are also being recruited at sites in Chile, England, Scotland, Kenya, Sweden and Italy. The <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03452111" target="_blank" rel="noopener">study is set to run until at least fall 2021</a>, with each couple using the gel birth control for a full year. </p><p><span>There are many reasons - biological, political, and financial - why commercial male birth control hasn't gotten off the ground yet. For one, pharmaceutical companies have focused on developing birth control for women because it's easier, biologically speaking, to block one or two eggs per month than it is to stop millions of sperm from coming out of men's bodies. </span></p><p><span>But some women can't take birth control pills, and some men want their own reliable way to prevent pregnancies (condoms are <a href="https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/condom/how-effective-are-condoms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">only about 85% effective</a>) that doesn't require an irreversible and expensive vasectomy. </span></p><p><span>"The goal of the whole field of male contraceptive development is to try and create choices for men and for families," Page, who's been working on male birth-control solutions for roughly a decade, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/male-birth-control-shoulder-rub-tested-couples-worldwide-2018-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">previously told Business Insider</a>. "A lot of women can't use contraceptives, and men want to share the burden of contraception."</span></p><p><span><em><strong>Read More</strong>: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/male-birth-control-shoulder-rub-tested-couples-worldwide-2018-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A new form of male birth control is being tested around the world - and men only have to rub it on their shoulders once a day</a></em></span></p><p><span>That's true of at least one couple starting the trial this week. Wang said they came to her California clinic because female birth control wasn't a good option for them. Page also said she personally answered messages from at least 20 interested couples in the Seattle area after <keyword id="6355005" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news">news</keyword> broke last week that the trial was kicking off with funding from the <a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-evaluate-effectiveness-male-contraceptive-skin-gel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Institutes of Health</a>. </span></p><p><span>The male gel keeps other tissues in the body functioning at normal testosterone loads, so it won't <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/male-birth-control-pill-lowers-testosterone-3-month-trial-2018-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">chemically castrate the men</a>, which has been a concern in the past with some male birth control pill trials. </span></p><p><span>The researchers have already completed a six-month trial of the gel, and found that more than nine out of 10 men saw their sperm levels suppressed "to levels compatible with effective contraception," Page said.</span></p><p>But so far, the new gel has yet to pique the interest of a pharmaceutical company that wants to take male birth control to market.</p><h2><span>Male birth control might come with fewer side effects than the female version</span></h2><p><span>Some women are already lamenting on social media about how simple and side-effect-free the new men's gel sounds. </span></p><p><span>"I've had no shortage of painfully inserted IUDs dislodge and stab my uterus," </span>Dr. Kehaulani Watson <a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/male-birth-control-gel-women-reactions-2018-12" target="_blank" rel="noopener">wrote on Twitter</a>, "<span>but yes, let's invent a birth control GEL for men. #maleprivilege" </span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Courtesy of Dr. Stephanie Page/University of Washington</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>Researchers say they hope the gel will have fewer side effects than female birth-control pills, which have been on the market for nearly 60 years yet can still heighten a woman's <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/hormones/oral-contraceptives-fact-sheet">risk of developing breast and cervical cancer,</a> increase her <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2552796">risk of depression,</a> and <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/birth-control/in-depth/birth-control-pill/art-20045136?pg=2">cause her blood pressure to rise</a>. </span></p><p><span>"We hope to be better," Wang said. "Or, at least, not worse!" </span></p><p><span>Previous tests of male birth control have come back with mixed reviews. <a href="http://press.endocrine.org/doi/10.1210/jc.2016-2141" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The World Health Organization recently ended a trial of a male birth control injection early</a>, after participants complained about acne and mood swings (both of which are common side effects for women who take the pill). </span></p><p>When researchers conducted the first large-scale trial of female birth control in Puerto Rico in 1956, they didn't seem to have such concerns about potential <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3520685/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">side effects (which at the time included nausea, dizziness, headaches, and blood clots</a>).<span> </span><span>Part of the reason that birth control went to market just four years later is the fact that for women, "pregnancy is still a life-threatening condition," Page said. </span></p><h2>Couples have to clear a high bar to participate in the gel study</h2><p>Because the gel study lasts for over a year, participating couples are required to have been in a stable, committed, monogamous partnership for at least a year before they start the trial. Men can range in age from 18 to 50, as long as they have no skin conditions, while the women must all be under 35 with regular, monthly periods.</p><p>The study asks male participants to keep a daily log of when they rub their gel on and come into the clinic for a monthly check up. Men can also choose to get a daily reminder text message, if they want it. That could be critical to the study's success, given that one of the most common reasons female birth control fails is because it's <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/how-effective-contraception/#contraceptive-pill" target="_blank" rel="noopener">hard to remember to take a pill once a day</a>. </p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>LA BioMed</span></p><p class="caption">Dr Christina Wang at LA BioMed is the principal investigator on the trial in the US.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>"Clearly, if you don't apply the gel, like you don't take an oral contraceptive pill, you will fail. " Wang said. </p><p>The couples also have to keep track of when the woman has her period and mark on a calendar every time they have sex. Additionally, all participating men and women will complete surveys every few months to track whether their views on contraception shift, Wang said. </p><p>Despite the study's stringent preconditions, the hassle of putting on a shirt or showering before sex, and the awkward coital tracking, couples in the study get a few perks. The birth-control gel is given to them for free, and they're paid for their participation.</p><p>If this worldwide trial winds up being a success, the study results would then need to be replicated among several thousand people before the Food and Drug Administration would allow male birth control to be sold on pharmacy shelves.</p>     <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/most-effective-birth-control-according-gynecologist-2016-12">A gynecologist reveals the most effective birth control</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

A US couple is trying a male birth-control gel for the first time this week. Experts hope to see fewer side effects than the pill.

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>YouTube/Intel <keyword id="6354868" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="UK">UK</keyword></span></p><p class="caption">Faceshift will allow new-owner Apple to create animated faces and more.</p></div><p></p></div></div><a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/apple-reportedly-acquires-virtual-reality-startup-faceshift-star-wars-2015-11" target="_blank"></a></p><p>Good morning! Here's the tech news you need to know this Thursday.</p><p>1. <strong><a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/apple-reportedly-acquires-virtual-reality-startup-faceshift-star-wars-2015-11" target="_blank">Apple has bought Faceshift, a virtual reality startup used in the latest "Star Wars" movie.</a></strong> The company's virtual reality technology can be used to generate animated avatars and other computer generated figures that capture a person's facial expressions in real time.</p><p><strong>2. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/talktalk-fifth-arrest-18-year-old-boy-wales-2015-11" target="_blank">A fifth person has been arrested as part of the police investigation into the hack of TalkTalk</a>.</strong> An 18-year-old boy was arrested in Llanelli, Wales, on suspicion of blackmail.</p><p><strong>3. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/cheap-hoverboards-are-exploding-trading-standards-2015-11" target="_blank">British officials are warning that cheap hoverboards can spontaneously combust.</a></strong> They say they can come with dodgy plugs and indecipherable instructions, and could even "explode." The warning comes after a slew of cases of hoverboards bursting into flames.</p><p><strong>4. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/google-appears-set-to-test-loon-across-all-50-us-states-2015-11" target="_blank">Google appears to be planning to test its Project Loon internet balloons across the entire US. </a> </strong>The internet giant has asked the Federal Communications Commission for a license to test experimental radios that use wireless spectrum in the millimeter bandwidth in all 50 states and Puerto Rico. Google said it wants to begin the tests on January 1 for a period of 24 months.</p><p><strong>5. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/why-rbs-is-using-facebook-at-work-2015-11" target="_blank">The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) is using Facebook to replace company emails.</a> </strong>Facebook's software competes against Slack (a buzzy messaging client for teams), email, Microsoft's Yammer (a Skype-like messaging client) and others. Facebook at Work is being trialled on a small number of companies before being made available to everyone.</p><p><strong>6. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/startups-are-unhappy-with-george-osborne-2015-11" target="_blank">Startups that help people to rent their homes and driveways are unhappy with George Osborne.</a> </strong>Sharing economy startups - those that allow individuals to rent their homes and possessions in return for a fee - were particularly disappointed with the Chancellor for not introducing new tax cuts for sharing economy entrepreneurs.</p><p><strong>7. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/jet-raises-350-million-at-1-billion-valuation-2015-11" target="_blank">Ecommerce site Jet just raised $350 million (£232 million) in fresh funding at a $1 billion valuation, Re/code's Jason Del Rey reports.</a></strong> The company has now raised a whopping $570 million (£377 million) since its founding last year, and CEO Marc Lore tells Del Rey that it already has "verbal agreements" for another $150 million (£99 million), coming soon.</p><p><a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/talktalk-fifth-arrest-18-year-old-boy-wales-2015-11" target="_blank"></a><strong>8. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/r-fbi-has-lead-in-probe-of-12-billion-stolen-web-credentials-documents-2015-11" target="_blank">The FBI has linked the theft of 1.2 billion stolen web credentials to a Russian email address.</a></strong> The hacker who once advertised having access to user account information for websites like Facebook and Twitter has been linked through a Russian email address to the theft of a record number of internet credentials, the FBI said in court documents.</p><p><strong>9. <a href="http://techcrunch.com/2015/11/25/deezer-introduces-family-plan-16-for-up-to-6-people/?ncid=rss&amp;utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Techcrunch+%28TechCrunch%29&amp;sr_share=twitter" target="_blank">Music streaming service Deezer has introduced a "Family Plan" as it looks to keep up with competitors like Spotify and Apple Music.</a></strong> The new plan is €14.99 per month (£11) and allows for six different profiles.</p><p><strong>10. <a href="http://thenextweb.com/opinion/2015/11/25/cheerleaders-bring-more-confusion-than-cheer-to-startup-pitch-day-in-london/" target="_blank">Cheerleaders brought more confusion than cheer to a startup pitch day in London, The Next Web reports.</a></strong> The crowd at Telefónica's Wayra accelerator Demo Day 2015 was treated to an unusual midway cheerleading performance.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/cant-post-tsu-facebook-instagram-social-media-competitor-2015-11">Facebook and Instagram won't let you mention or post links from this competitor</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="J0azlxeDqwxvfMtE7ZA4TjQ-szQGx-pg" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

10 things in tech you need to know today

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>Summer is within reach.<p>But apart from the excitement of seeing more sun and warmer thermometers, there's also a growing concern about a summer staple: the mosquito.&#xa0;</p><p>The Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is of&#xa0;particular concern. They're the main transmitter of Zika virus&#xa0;and&#xa0;are&#xa0;typically found in the southernmost part of the US.&#xa0;</p><p>Unfortunately, though, people in the US aren't worried about Zika yet, and that's a problem when it comes to funding programs aimed at preventing a crisis.&#xa0;</p><p>"It's hard to get people to invest in it until there's a crisis." CDC Director Tom Frieden said at <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2016/04/01/zika-action-plan-summit/">Friday's Zika Action Plan Summit</a>, stressing that state and local agencies should be preparing for the possibility of mosquitoes transmitting&#xa0;Zika in the US this summer.&#xa0;</p><p>At that point, it might&#xa0;be too late to set up any meaningful prevention measures.</p><p>Take Miami, for example. <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/02/health/zika-virus-miami-florida-mosquitoes.html">The New York Times reported</a> that Miami-Dade County has had 32 cases of Zika brought in from returning travelers. At the same time, the mosquito control program only has a staff of 17, much less than surrounding counties that are far less populous. And with A. aegypti larvae already popping up in standing water, it doesn't bode well for the coming summer months.&#xa0;</p><p>Right now, Zika is being transmitted via mosquitoes in the US territories of Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and American Samoa. Sexual transmission has also <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-confirmed-cases-of-zika-by-sexual-transmission-2016-2">occurred in the US</a>, but there's yet to be local transmission of the disease via mosquito.</p><p>The CDC <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/zika-virus-in-the-united-states-2016-1">has&#xa0;anticipated</a>&#xa0;that Zika may&#xa0;eventually make its way into American&#xa0;mosquitoes. In the past, they've said they expect it to play out like previous outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya, which have been relatively contained to southeastern states in the US.</p><p>However, more recent&#xa0;estimates <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/more-us-cities-are-now-expected-to-be-vulnerable-to-zika-2016-3">suggest a more widespread distribution</a> of A. aegypti along&#xa0;the entire southern border of the US and extending up toward Maryland, Kentucky, and West Virginia.</p><p><span>Once infected with the Zika virus, only about 20% of people ever show&#xa0;</span><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/zika/symptoms/index.html">symptoms</a><span>, which most commonly include fever, rash, joint pain, and red eyes. There is no vaccine or&#xa0;treatment available for the virus.&#xa0;One reason Zika is troubling is because it has been linked&#xa0;with </span><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-microcephaly-2016-2">birth defects</a><span>&#xa0;in babies whose mothers have had Zika symptoms&#xa0;and a neurological condition called </span><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-guillain-barre-syndrome-2016-2">Guillain-Barré Syndrome</a><span>.</span></p><p>In some ways, the US is particularly well-equipped to handle a Zika outbreak. Most Americans have amenities like air conditioning and window screens, and most urban areas in the US are less densely populated urban than some of the most crowded parts of South and Central America.&#xa0;So it isn't entirely surprising that&#xa0;<a href="https://www.statnews.com/2016/03/08/zika-funds-congress-stalls/">Congress has not approved</a> the almost $2 billion emergency funding to combat the virus through mosquito control programs, vaccine research and other public health services.</p><p>Still, without&#xa0;the funding, the CDC could&#xa0;have a hard time tackling locally-distributed Zika. Which is why CDC&#xa0;Director Tom Frieden took to Twitter recently to urge people to support the plan:</p><p>&#xa0;<div></div></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/8-glasses-of-water-a-day-myth-science-2016-3">Here's how the '8 glasses of water a day' myth started and why it's not scientifically true</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="YzMm9ieDoK6l9RyyAU0DvQ-gAn_Hmvux" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

Summer is coming - and that's got people worried about the mosquitoes that come with it

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p><span style="color: #000000;">The fugitive drug lord Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/photos-of-adx-americas-toughest-prison-2015-3-2">has finally been recaptured</a> after escaping from a Mexican prison. He may end up serving time in a notorious US "supermax" facility.</span></p><p><span style="color: #000000;">To get an idea of how the elusive&#xa0;and <a href="http://www.forbes.com/profile/joaquin-guzman-loera/">monied drug trafficker</a> operates, it helps to&#xa0;look at an indictment filed against him in a federal court in Florida in 2010. It is one of <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/multiple-indictments-el-chapo-faces-across-us-211304992.html">several indictments</a> he faces in the US.</span></p><p><span style="color: #000000;">Guzmán and his Sinaloa cartel controlled as much as <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/el-chapo-sinaloa-cartel-global-cocaine-trade" target="_blank">35% of the cocaine produced in Colombia</a>, a</span>nd the Florida indictment links Guzmán to Colombian traffickers known as the Cifuentes Villa clan. It alleges they conspired to manufacture cocaine, ship it through Latin America, and distribute it in the US.</p><p>Guzmán's partnership with the Cifuentes Villa clan likely allowed his cartel to extend its influence over Colombian cocaine production and expand its control over global cocaine trafficking - <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-mexicos-drug-cartels-make-billions-chapo-ioan-grillo-cocaine-2016-2" target="_blank">a billion-dollar industry</a>.</p><h2>The Sinaloa cartel's primary supplier</h2><p>The <a href="https://www.personadeinteres.org/uploads/1b084c17-de60-41ba-8414-bf92e9fa158a.pdf" target="_blank">indictment names</a> Jorge Milton Cifuentes Villa, the purported leader of the group, his brother, Hildebrando, and his sister, Dolly, as Guzmán's coconspirators.</p><p>Jorge Cifuentes is "allegedly responsible for financing and coordinating multi-ton cocaine shipments via speedboats, fishing vessels, and airplanes to the United States via Ecuador and Mexico," according to an <a href="http://www.state.gov/j/inl/narc/rewards/171614.htm" target="_blank">information sheet</a> put out by the State Department in 2011.</p><p>"Since 2008, he most likely has obtained and imported over 31,000 kilograms [68,343 pounds] of cocaine to the United States, and is purportedly the primary source of … cocaine for the Sinaloa Cartel in Mexico," the information sheet noted.</p><p>The indictment alleges that between 2003 and 2008, Guzmán and the Cifuentes Villa clan made agreements in Colombia and in Guatemala to produce, transport, and distribute cocaine. The&#xa0;Cifuentes Villa network is detailed in the organizational chart below, compiled by the US Treasury Department (click to expand):</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image"><a title_source="US Treasury Department" title_caption="An organizational chart of the Cifuentes Villa clan compiled by the US Treasury Department." class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/56b1fea16e97c62e008b462e-960/cifuentes%20villa%20clan%20org%20chart%20usdoj.png"><span class="sprites click-to-enlarge-icon" title="Click to enlarge"></span></div><p></p></div></div><p>The clan worked with Escobar's Medellin cartel (Jorge's brother, Francisco, reportedly worked as a pilot for Escobar), and then for the Oficina de Envigado, which <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-sinaloa-cartel-and-colombian-cocaine-2015-8" target="_blank">assumed</a> much of Medellin cartel's operations after <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/who-killed-notorious-drug-kingpin-pablo-escobar-heres-what-we-know-2015-9" target="_blank">Escobar's death in 1993</a>.</p><p>The Cifuentes Villas also worked with the <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/colombia-organized-crime-news/norte-del-valle-cartel-profile" target="_blank">Norte del Valle cartel</a>, which took over the Cali cartel's operations in the late 1990s. The family also partnered with the paramilitary group known as the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), a right-wing paramilitary group that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/colombia-farc-and-peace-2015-7" target="_blank">operated in Colombia</a> from the late 1990s until the late 2000s.</p><p>Despite the charges in Florida, none of the members of <span>Cifuentes Villa clan who have been caught&#xa0;have actually been tried there.</span></p><p>Jorge Cifuentes was arrested in Venezuela in 2012 and extradited to the US <a href="http://colombiareports.com/colombia-extradites-18-drug-suspects-u-s/" target="_blank">in late 2013</a>. His trial in New York <a href="http://www.plainsite.org/dockets/2ahfz9ok4/new-york-southern-district-court/usa-v-cifuentesvilla/" target="_blank">has been ongoing</a> since 2014. Dolly Cifuentes, who reportedly had <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/arrest-social-climbing-colombian-drug-family" target="_blank">an affair</a> with the brother of former Colombian President Alvaro Uribe, was arrested in 2011 and <a href="https://www.fbi.gov/newyork/press-releases/2012/alleged-international-narcotics-trafficker-extradited-from-colombia-on-cocaine-importation-charges" target="_blank">extradited to the US in 2012</a>. She&#xa0;then pleaded guilty to <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/colombia-trafficker-linked-to-uribe-pleads-guilty-in-us" target="_blank">one charge in late 2013</a>.</p><p>Hildebrando, aka "Alex," captured in Mexico in 2014 while allegedly <a href="http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/se-va-eeuu-el-ultimo-de-los-cifuentes-villa-articulo-587983" target="_blank">working with Guzmán's cartel</a>, reportedly <a href="http://www.lafm.com.co/justicia/noticias/alias-%E2%80%99alex%E2%80%99-del-clan-%E2%80%99cifuent-198080" target="_blank">arrived in New York</a> in January to face trial in the US.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>The connection between the Sinaloa cartel and the Cifuentes Villa clan seems to be but one facet of the Mexican cartel's operations in Colombia, which produces <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/el-chapo-sinaloa-cartel-global-cocaine-trade" target="_blank">90% of the cocaine</a> found in the US.</p><p>A Colombian newspaper reported last year the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/el-chapo-sinaloa-cartel-global-cocaine-trade" target="_blank">Sinaloa cartel worked to build a trafficking network</a> by partnering with criminals and guerrillas in Colombia to ship cocaine out of the country. Guatemala often served as a way station:</p><h2>'It's a very complicated process'</h2><p>While the 2010 indictment from Florida sheds light on Guzmán's ties to Colombian cocaine, it does little to clear up where the kingpin will face trial in the US if he's extradited from Mexico.</p><p>US attorneys in six states, including New York, Florida, and California, have <a href="http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-mexico-guzman-extradition-20160112-story.html" target="_blank">indictments pending</a> against Guzmán.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>The San Diego district office, which first brought charges against him in 1996; the Chicago district, which has more available witnesses, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/sinaloa-cartel-wins-mexico-drug-war-2013-2" target="_blank">including Vicente Niebla-Zambada</a>, the son of a Sinaloa cartel leader; and the Brooklyn office, which was led by current US Attorney General Loretta Lynch when it filed charges against Guzmán, are the venues where the drug lord will likely end up, <a href="http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-mexico-guzman-extradition-20160112-story.html" target="_blank">according</a> to the Los Angeles Times.</p><p>The Justice Department "<span>will pick the ... case with the highest chance of success," Carl Pike, a former top DEA official, <a href="http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-mexico-guzman-extradition-20160112-story.html" target="_blank">told</a> the LA Times.</span></p><p><span>As much as US prosecutors may want to try him, and as anxious as Mexican officials are to be rid of him, t<span>he "reality is extradition takes a long time," David Shirk, a professor at the University of San Diego and director of the school's Justice in Mexico program, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mexico-aftermath-of-el-chapo-arrest-and-extradition" target="_blank">told Business Insider in the hours after Guzmán was recaptured</a> on January 8. </span></span></p><p><span><span>"It's a very complicated process ... especially cases like this, where the individual in question has a lot of resources to challenge extradition in court."</span></span></p><h2><span><span>The full indictment from the US attorney for the Southern District of Florida can be seen below:</span></span></h2><p><span><span><div></div></span></span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-mexicos-drug-cartels-make-billions-chapo-ioan-grillo-cocaine-2016-2">This is how Mexican drug cartels make billions selling drugs</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="54a3VsMDE60amvVfiJDydwA4G9SZvyIJ" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

You Searched For "stephanie del valle from puerto rico" and got 6 results

Google is overhauling how it sells programmatic advertising, and some marketers are concerned it means that the tech giant could steal more ad share

Lauren Johnson

Pablo Escobar's death cleared the way for much more sinister kind of criminal in Colombia

Christopher Woody

A US couple is trying a male birth-control gel for the first time this week. Experts hope to see fewer side effects than the pill.

Hilary Brueck

10 things in tech you need to know today

Sam Shead

Summer is coming - and that's got people worried about the mosquitoes that come with it

Lydia Ramsey

How one Colombian family allegedly helped 'El Chapo' dominate global drug trafficking

Christopher Woody