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As the world grapples with the aftermath of the COVID-19 <keyword id="19913581" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pandemic" source="keywords">pandemic</keyword>, a recent study has illuminated the educational harm suffered by young <keyword id="19929042" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="students" source="keywords">students</keyword> affected by lockdowns. These effects, expected to resonate well into the <keyword id="21440663" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="2030s" source="keywords">2030s</keyword>, have left a lasting impact on pupils, warned the research. Beyond academics, schooling significantly influences students' critical thinking, problem-solving, and emotional development. Thus, any disruption to the education process, particularly at a young age, can severely impede students' overall growth. The study explored the consequences of pandemic-induced school closures on children's socio-emotional and cognitive abilities at ages 5, 11, and 14. Researchers projected that by 2030, fewer than 40% of pupils would achieve a passing grade (grade 5 out of 9) or higher in their English and mathematics GCSEs, compared to 45.3% in 2022-23. For reference, the GCSEs in the UK are akin to the Indian 10th and 12th board examinations. However, researchers especially highlighted the lockdowns' impact on crucial areas like socio-emotional support and well-being, underscoring their significance alongside cognitive skills for <keyword id="21440666" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gcse" source="keywords">GCSE</keyword> results. For example, 20% of top performers in cognitive tests at age 14, with average <keyword id="21440665" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="socio-emotional-skills" source="keywords">socio-emotional skills</keyword>, fail to attain five good GCSEs. Additionally, there's a noticeable gender disparity in skill importance, with good cognitive skills playing a larger role for boys and socio-emotional skills being paramount for girls in determining GCSE outcomes. This nuanced insight underscores the complexity of educational achievement. The research not only diagnoses the problem but also suggests pragmatic solutions. Proposals include establishing a national programme of trained undergraduate student tutors to help students enhance their foundational skills and reimagining the school calendar to support teacher well-being and families during breaks. Emily Tanner, an education expert, emphasised the importance of students developing socio-emotional skills alongside academic learning, noting that the report's insights on timing and gender offer a useful basis for targeting effective interventions. The findings of this research can be accessed <a href="https://news.exeter.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Nuffield-Report-April-2024.pdf" data-type="tilCustomLink">here</a>.

COVID lockdown-related school disruptions will continue to worsen students’ exam results into the 2030s: study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>I was an overachiever when I had my sons in my 20s.</li><li>Now 40 with a toddler, I've learned I don't have to burn out to be a good mom.</li></ul>I had my teen sons in my late 20s, and by age 30, I was parenting two toddlers. Now I'm over 40, raising a toddler once again, and I am not the same.I grew up as your typical high-achieving, elder millennial. Once I became a mother, I saw parenting as my most high-stakes assignment and was determined to ace it.Unimpressed by the handful of mommy-and-me arts and music classes I toured with my firstborn once he was of age, I set out to design my own <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-i-raised-successful-adults-making-education-fun-2023-11">exploratory arts curriculum</a> rooted in African-American culture.At home, I introduced the boys to the music of Fela Kuti and John Coltrane and the art of Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden, and Jean-Michel Basquiat. We'd attempt our own mixed-media collages and paint with watercolors on the floor while the polyrhythms of Afrobeat music filled our kitchen.When they were toddlers, I was their teacher. I'd structure their days tightly with breakfast, a lesson of some sort, and a morning outing to a museum, forest trail walk, or errands with me before going back home for lunch. Then, I'd put them down for their afternoon nap, during which I'd work on projects for my consulting clients.I remember touring several day care facilities and even using one for a few months. But ultimately, my husband and I both decided the boys were better off at home with me, where I could more closely oversee their development.I was obsessed with the idea of them learning and "getting ahead" even before they officially started school. When my kids were 2 and 3, I'd buy the Lego bricks kit, puzzles, and coloring books designed for the 4- and 5-year-olds. I was always pushing them to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-parents-set-their-kids-up-for-success-2016-4">reach beyond average</a>; I wanted them to be exceptional.If they showed an inkling of interest in anything at all, I'd search for lessons, camps, and classes. I purchased an obscene amount of professional art supplies, often investing hundreds of dollars without them asking.To be clear, no one pressured me; I pressured myself. I saw my overachieving as a way to set them up for future success in a hyper-competitive world. I didn't come from money, but what I <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/biracial-didnt-understand-generational-wealth-growing-up-2024-2">lacked in generational wealth</a> to pass on, I made up for in pure grit.When they officially entered school at 3 and 4, I felt confident my sons were on track. My youngest was reading and my eldest was studying in a Chinese immersion school. Official piano lessons would start the following year. I still kept a close eye on their cultivation outside the classroom.<div type="image" title="Amanda Miller Littlejohn sitting outside at a picnic table with her two sons when they were younger." height="1836" width="2448" msid="111927598" hostid="261" sizebytes="635178"></div><h2 id="9c6bbe79-d44a-404a-8728-c50cf74ec45b">Things were different when I had my daughter</h2>Being a high-achieving mother while striving to grow my career and get a business off the ground meant I often put myself last. My parenting style came at the expense of my own inner child — the freedom to be joyful and build a stronger relationship with myself.I stopped cultivating my interests in the way I had done before I had kids and instead poured all of that tending energy into my children. I stopped writing creatively, reading for pleasure, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-catch-up-with-friends-spend-quality-time-things-do-2024-2">hanging out with girlfriends</a>, just to be silly. Instead, I approached my spare time as an opportunity to get ahead. Each moment had to earn its keep.So, by the time I gave birth to my daughter at the end of 2020 — 12 years after I had my last son — I was fried. Her arrival in the middle of the pandemic kicked off a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burnout-working-mom-parenting-advice-working-from-home-pandemic-covid-2021-10">profound season of burnout</a> for me as I, knocking on 40, was forced to acknowledge my limits. My daughter helped me rest. She also helped me find community.We had kept our sons home in the first years of their lives, and with a deadly virus on the loose and the vaccine in its early stages, we felt it best to keep our daughter home as well. But right after she turned 1, her pediatrician recommended we enroll her in a local home-based day care so she could get out of the house and be with other kids. We tried it out and found it was the perfect fit for her.No, it wasn't a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/montessori-school-cost-mortgage-payment-2024-2">Montessori program</a> employing the latest research on childhood socio-emotional development, but she seemed to enjoy it. She was having fun each day, showed affection to her teachers, and seemed to like being part of a cohort of her peers.I shifted my focus from asking, 'Is she getting ahead?' to, 'Is she becoming a happily adjusted person in the world?' And when I realized that the answer was yes — and that was its own way to get ahead — that was good enough for me.When my boys were little, I thought motherhood was something I had to push through alone. Hundreds of miles away from family in Tennessee, my husband and I didn't have much family help with the kids. Back then, most of the mothers at their school were older than I was, as the women my age hadn't started having children yet.But this time around, more of my contemporaries have toddlers, too, which means I have a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/single-moms-mommune-mothers-coliving-together-2024-2">built-in community</a>. So now, instead of trying to get a gold star for thinking of everything myself, I regularly reach out to copy their homework.<h2 id="0d08ed66-ce7c-4380-aea6-a84493322a45">I learned it's OK to ask other parents for help</h2>My girl-mom network has shared hand-me-down winter coats, barely-worn Easter dresses, and pediatric specialist recommendations. They've passed on enrollment links to Saturday soccer and their copious notes on elementary school options. They've done the homework to find the best 3-year-old ballet class; they've already found a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wearing-braids-self-love-practice-from-my-dad-2023-6">hair braider</a> who makes house calls and is good with squirming toddlers.I used to feel guilty asking for recommendations, like I was cutting in line. I've always pulled my own weight and done more than expected; I never wanted to be perceived as a slacker. But I've learned relying on my network to hook me up doesn't make me lazy, unserious, or checked out as a parent. Their support keeps me from running myself down.In my 30s, I was terrified that if I alone somehow failed to overwork and overachieve as a parent, I would hold my kids back. But my mindset has evolved as I've matured, so now I give myself grace.When my older kids were small, I was parenting under the gun, as if so much was at stake if I didn't push them to achieve. I think a big part of my self-worth was tied up in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/overcoming-parenting-shame-therapy-2024-7">how well I performed in motherhood</a>. Each of their accomplishments was like a gold star — proof that I was indeed a good mother. If they weren't ahead, or at least on track, I was failing.I think that's largely because I viewed them as "my greatest achievements" and their own achievements as necessary currency for their future happiness and success.I realize that the way the world is set up, a level of achievement is necessary but perhaps not required for the type of happiness or success they will eventually seek. They are not me. We are alike in many ways, but in some ways, we are different. They tell me they appreciate the early push, but did they need that to get where they are? I'm not so sure.<div type="image" title="Amanda Miller Littlejohn with her sons and daughter at the beach, they are smiling in the sun and standing on the sand." height="1536" width="2048" msid="111927601" hostid="261" sizebytes="298806"></div><h2 id="4cc66fba-783f-4e18-ba80-b175e9594e8f">I don't have to overwork to be considered a good mom</h2>Being more laid back this time around means I'm more present. I'm not my daughter's CEO or performance coach — I'm just mommy. Now, I play with no agenda; every toy doesn't have to teach a new skill, and every game doesn't have to be a stepping stone.I think mothers are beginning to renegotiate the idea that we must pour every ounce of free time and effort into our kids to be considered "good," and for us to be considered good mothers. By all means, we want them to be great, but we are also learning to trust they'll find their way. Their paths don't have to be so engineered; we can let them simply unfold.My daughter is 3 years old and not reading yet like my older kids were at her age, but she's one of the most socially intelligent people I know. So, instead of comparing her to her brothers, I'm nurturing her natural gifts and valuing her uniqueness. I'm learning to parent her as a person, not as a project for extra credit.It's not that I strive to do the bare minimum as a mother now, but I realize overworking isn't practical or required at this stage in my life. I've already done the work, and for the most part, the kids are all right. I don't have to burn myself out for them to be OK.

I burned out trying to be an overachieving parent. I learned it's OK to ask for help.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Neglectful parents provide basic necessities, but they generally don't engage with kids emotionally.</li><li>Uninvolved parenting often stems from life stressors, like health concerns or financial insecurity. </li></ul>In some circumstances, giving children the space and flexibility to solve problems on their own can help them <a href="https://www.marlborough.org/news/~board/health-and-wellness/post/why-is-problem-solving-important-in-child-development#:~:text=Problem%2DSolving%20Skills%20Build%20Confidence&amp;text=When%20children%20tackle%20problems%20on,they%20take%20more%20calculated%20risks." target="_blank" rel="noopener">develop confidence</a> and a sense of <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/self-worth">self-worth</a>. But when parents are incredibly distant and unresponsive, this can leave a child feeling insecure and rejected, according to <a href="https://www.mindbydesign.ca/meettheteam" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ellie Borden</a>, a registered psychotherapist, clinical supervisor, and clinical director at <a href="https://www.mindbydesign.ca/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mind By Design</a>, a private therapy practice. An uninvolved parent <a href="https://brightsideohio.com/uninvolved-neglectful-parenting/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">rarely responds</a> to a child's needs or desires, beyond providing basic necessities like clothing, food, and housing. Uninvolved parents also place few expectations or demands on children and rarely interfere with their decisions or become involved in their lives. This parenting style, which also goes by the name of neglectful parenting, can have <a href="https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/life-stages/childhood/uninvolved-and-neglectful-parenting" target="_blank" rel="noopener">long-term negative effects on kids</a>, from poor academic performance to difficulties forming relationships with peers. Read on to learn more about why some parents use this parenting style and a few changes you can make to become more involved as a parent. <h2>Examples of uninvolved parenting</h2>Of the four main parenting styles, uninvolved parenting provides the <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568743/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">least amount of emotional support</a>, advice, and structure to a child, Borden says. Uninvolved parents may appear indifferent, dismissive, and emotionally detached.For example:<ul><li>They may not know their child's daily routine, school activities, or friends. </li><li>They rarely interfere with a child's decisions or offer advice.</li><li>They generally won't offer much response to a child's feelings or experiences.</li><li>They typically don't provide much in the way of rules, structure, or discipline.</li></ul>For example, an uninvolved parent may respond to a child asking to go to a friend's house after school by saying "Go ahead" — without asking where they'll be, who they'll be with, or when they plan to come home. Or, they may ignore a child who asks for a toy in a store and continue shopping without responding to or acknowledging the request. <h2>Is uninvolved parenting abuse? </h2>Like any style of parenting, uninvolved parenting <a href="https://brightsideohio.com/uninvolved-neglectful-parenting/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">exists on a spectrum</a>. Not all uninvolved parenting would count as <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/child-abuse">abuse</a> or neglect. However, some uninvolved parents may not provide essentials, like food, housing, or medical care — and this would be considered abuse, according to Borden. Children raised in households with uninvolved parents may also have difficulty establishing <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/sex-relationships/healthy-relationships">good relationships</a>, which can leave them more vulnerable to abuse, according to Borden. Uninvolved parents may not, for instance, explain to a child what it means to have their <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/sex-relationships/boundaries-in-relationships#:~:text=Boundaries%20are%20what%20help%20you,feel%20safe%20around%20your%20partner.">boundaries</a> violated. They may also offer little guidance on how kids should interact with adults and other kids, which can <a href="https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/life-stages/childhood/uninvolved-and-neglectful-parenting" target="_blank" rel="noopener">increase the risk</a> of them experiencing abuse from other adults or bullying from peers."If a parent ignores an indication of abuse by others because of emotional detachment, they may be complicit in the act," Borden says.<h2>What's the impact? </h2>Uninvolved parents place few expectations on kids' behavior, and they aren't very responsive to their emotional needs. Overall, they may seem disinterested in their children's lives, Borden says. This can have many harmful effects on kids, including:<ul><li>Low self-esteem, confidence, and self-worth: Children of uninvolved parents may feel unimportant and unloved due to a lack of parental attention and affection. "This may also affect their confidence in their abilities and decisions, as they get no guidance, not even a pat on the back for a job well done," Borden says.</li><li>Increased risk of substance use: Kids who lack guidance from a parent may be <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3562377/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more likely to use substances</a>, like <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/overcoming-alcohol-use-disorder">alcohol</a>, cigarettes, and marijuana.</li><li>Poor academic performance: Uninvolved parents may not set rules around kids completing their homework and, in some cases, even attending school, Borden says. This gives kids <a href="https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/life-stages/childhood/uninvolved-and-neglectful-parenting" target="_blank" rel="noopener">little motivation to do well in school</a>. Children of uninvolved parents often also lack the tools and guidance to do well on assignments and exams. </li><li>Behavioral problems: Kids who don't receive attention at home may try to get attention from others by acting out in school or picking fights with other kids, Borden says. </li><li>Mental health issues: Children of uninvolved parents are more likely to struggle socially, which can lead them to withdraw from peers and lack social connection. <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/how-social-isolation-affects-mental-health">Social isolation and loneliness</a> may then <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218058/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">increase the risk</a> of developing mental health issues, like <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/what-is-depression">depression</a> and <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/what-is-anxiety">anxiety</a>. </li></ul>Uninvolved parenting can also negatively affect the parent-child relationship, Borden says. Kids may feel neglected and rejected by the <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/sex-relationships/effective-communication">lack of communication</a> and emotional connection from their parents. According to Borden, children of uninvolved parents also may not trust their parents when they become adults, since the parents didn't exert any effort to supervise them growing up. <h2>Where does this type of parenting come from? </h2>Most of the time, uninvolved or neglectful parenting <a href="https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/life-stages/childhood/uninvolved-and-neglectful-parenting" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doesn't happen intentionally</a>. Parents often don't realize they're uninvolved or understand how their behavior affects their kids, Borden says. A parent might become uninvolved for many reasons, including:<ul><li>Life stressors: Big life changes, like losing a job, separating from a spouse, losing a loved one, or supporting a sick family member can cause a parent to <a href="https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/life-stages/childhood/uninvolved-and-neglectful-parenting" target="_blank" rel="noopener">withdraw from their children</a>, Borden says. In these cases, a parent may simply feel overwhelmed by other things happening in their life and unable to give kids the attention they need. </li><li>Mental health challenges: Parents who struggle with <a href="https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/how-parental-depression-affects-child" target="_blank" rel="noopener">anxiety and depression</a> may find it hard to show up emotionally for their children. "Some parents may also lack the ability to effectively support and guide their children because they may not have the skills for it. Likewise, lonely parents may be unable to provide the companionship their children require," Borden says. </li><li>Socio-economic factors: Low-income households where parents lack access to healthcare and childcare and struggle to put food on the table may not be as involved in their children's lives as they'd like. "A lack of money and increased financial stress can make it hard for the parent to offer their children a stable and nurturing home," Borden says.</li></ul><h2>Other parenting styles</h2>In addition to uninvolved or neglectful parenting, experts recognize three other styles:<ul><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/parenting/authoritarian-parenting">Authoritarian parenting</a>: This style of parenting places high expectations on children and enforces rules with punishment. Authoritative parents offer little flexibility to kids or consider their experiences when establishing rules, and they maintain firm boundaries. </li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/parenting/permissive-parenting">Permissive parenting</a>: This style is considered the exact opposite of authoritarian parenting. Permissive parents are warm and responsive to their children's emotional needs, but they offer little structure and have low expectations for behavior. </li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/parenting/authoritative-parenting">Authoritative parenting</a>: This style incorporates the positive parts of both authoritarian and permissive styles by holding children to high standards while working with them to solve problems. Authoritative parents consider and respond to their children's experiences and feelings and explain the reasoning for their rules. </li></ul><h2>What experts recommend</h2>Experts generally recommend an authoritative approach to parenting. This style emphasizes connection and responsiveness to a child's emotional and physical needs while teaching them the skills they need to form strong social connections and do well in school. Adjusting your parenting style from uninvolved to authoritative can be hard work that takes time and practice. To become more involved with your kids and strengthen your relationship, Borden recommends these tips:<h3>1. Seek help from a professional </h3>Parents rarely choose to neglect their children. If major life circumstances, like mental health challenges or grief, have made it harder to stay present as a parent, connecting with a <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/how-to-find-a-therapist">professional counselor</a> or family doctor can help. An expert can teach new coping skills and offer more guidance with addressing any underlying issues preventing you from being a more involved parent.<h3>2. Start spending more time with your child </h3>This could mean asking them what they're interested in and engaging in activities they enjoy, for example. Spending uninterrupted one-on-one time with your child even just once a week can make a difference, Borden says. For instance, try talking to them about who their friends are at school and what they like about them. You can also start going through their backpack together after school every day and asking questions about their schoolwork.<h3>3. Set rules and expectations</h3>You can slowly start to become more involved in your child's life by establishing rules and boundaries. For example, you might communicate an expectation that your child finishes their homework before playing video games. Setting clear guidelines can help teach kids what you expect from them and that their actions have consequences, Borden says. <h2>Insider's takeaway</h2>Uninvolved parenting, one of four main parenting styles, is characterized by a lack of responsiveness to a child's needs. Uninvolved parents show little interest in their children's lives and generally place few rules and expectations on them. This type of parenting can cause children to withdraw socially, which can increase their risk of developing behavioral problems or mental health issues. Uninvolved parenting is rarely a conscious choice — typically, it stems from outside factors, like life stressors, mental health challenges, or poverty, Borden says. You can start to become a more involved parent by spending more one-on-one time with your child and seeking professional help to address any underlying issues preventing you from being more involved.

Kids with neglectful parents may have trouble forming healthy relationships and doing well at school

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The hot topic on parenting social media has been how impossible it is to get kids into summer camp. </li><li>Even months ahead of the warm days of summer, camps are getting booked within minutes. </li></ul>Before 5 a.m. on the day the portal opened, Samara Klar logged onto her computer in Tucson, Arizona, and loaded the website for her daughter's chosen <a href="https://www.insider.com/abandoned-summer-camps-photos-2019-2">summer camp</a>, ready to sign her up. Six hours later, the camp had reached capacity. This was six months out from the start of camp. In Minnesota, Katie Dohman saw her social-media feed blow up around 6 a.m. one day in January as the "affordable camp" — still unaffordable, she said — in her area opened its <a href="https://www.insider.com/mom-shares-how-hard-sign-up-kids-for-swim-lessons-2023-1">online registration</a>, then promptly crashed. "It broke the internet," Dohman said. "Everybody was like, 'The site totally broke down, I'm in a panic, what am I going to do with my kids this summer? I have no place to put my kids, and I have to work.'" The days of January may be short and dark, but it is open season for <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/parenting/summer-camp-activities">summer camp</a> sign-up. And this year, right on time, the stress of early deadlines, the competition for places, and the steep cost of child supervision over the summer months bled beyond the portals and onto social media. <h2>Camps have raised their prices and moved to winter enrollment </h2>"Summer-camp sign-up is sphincter-clenching terror," Ray Dubicki, whose children prefer to attend different camps, often with different sign-up schedules, <a href="https://twitter.com/RayDubicki/status/1592973869199290371" target="_blank" rel="noopener">wrote</a> on Twitter. "The process of finding that out, lining up reservations, and logging in at exactly the sign-up time is a level of mad stress," he told Insider. Rebounding from pandemic levels, US summer camps are estimated to be a <a href="https://www.ibisworld.com/industry-statistics/market-size/summer-camps-united-states/#:~:text=What%20is%20the%20market%20size,is%20%243.6bn%20in%202023." target="_blank" rel="noopener">$3.6 billion</a> industry in 2023, according to the industry researcher IBISWorld. In 2022, camps raised their prices by about 35% from the year before in response to inflation, according to the <a href="https://www.acacamps.org/blog/sponsored/camp-booking-trends-know-2023" target="_blank" rel="noopener">American Camp Association</a>, which found that this had no effect on parents' willingness to pay those prices. The association recommended camps use higher prices, winter enrollments, and buy-now, pay-later plans as strategies to boost revenue in 2023. Of course, working parents may have no other choice but to pay for day camps. <h2>It's even harder for parents of kids with disabilities </h2>Monica Schneider is a professor of political science and gender studies at Miami University who is well-versed in the summer-childcare gap. "If I had a dollar for every mom in my mom's group who said, 'I don't know what to do, I'm probably going to have to quit my job,' I'd be able to open all of the summer camps," she told Insider. Schneider has an autistic 11-year-old son with Down syndrome who has no camps available to him unless Schneider were to pay for a full-time sitter to accompany him each day. Even then, her options are limited to a zoo camp or a camp for autistic kids. "He doesn't want to sit in our house all summer or be with a babysitter all summer. He wants to go swimming and hit a baseball," she said. "I just want him to live his best life and enjoy being around other kids and be included." "We need to include people with disabilities in our lives. It's not only good for him, but it's also good for the other kids. It's good for society," she said. <h2>Summer camps come with a high price tag for many </h2>In Washington, DC, Sibel Oktay devoted a weekend to researching and tabulating summer camp options for her daughter, <a href="https://twitter.com/SibelOktay/status/1615394848592232470" target="_blank" rel="noopener">comparing</a> the experience to trying to get her hands on Pearl Jam tickets. As an associate professor of political science at the University of Illinois, Oktay is an accomplished researcher and found the process maddening. "How are we supposed to plan all this six months ahead of time? We have to pull out spreadsheets, identify the week, and so on and so forth," she told Insider. She pointed out that summer camps, which can cost as much as $4,000 a month per child, are economically prohibitive for many. "Not every parent or not every household can afford this because they do ask for an arm and a leg if you're trying to fill out an entire summer with these kinds of activities," she said. At the same time, there is the understandable desire to choose a camp that suits your child's interests and to nurture them. Evidence suggests that summer camps can offer children real benefits outside of saving their parents' jobs. <h2>There are benefits of summer camp for children </h2>A 2022 study published in <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0276665" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PLOS One</a> found that Swiss children reported significantly stronger feelings of altruism after attending camp than peers who did not attend. "Our study suggests that attendance of summer camps can foster children's altruistic intentions, which can be viewed as a positive outcome at both the individual and social level," Yves Gerber, a research assistant at the University of Geneva who coauthored the study, told Insider by email. Previous industry research has also found important socio-emotional benefits to attending camp. Ironically, parents lean heavily on their socio-emotional coping skills as they navigate sign-up, Sara Petersen, the author of the forthcoming book "<a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/717406/momfluenced-by-sara-petersen/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Momfluenced</a>," said. Petersen devoted a recent <a href="https://sarapetersen.substack.com/p/summer-camp-sign-up-hell" target="_blank" rel="noopener">newsletter</a> to the hellacious trade-offs of summer-camp sign-up, from "weighing the pros and cons of a soccer camp five miles away (but only a half day!) versus a seacoast science camp 30 minutes away (but full day!)." The only thing that makes the gauntlet of camp registration manageable is the chorus of similarly infuriated parents, Petersen told Insider. "While the summer-camp 'system' is inherently inequitable and excludes many people on both a financial and a cultural capital basis, sharing text threads and spreadsheets with friends not only divides labor but also provides a very necessary release valve for rage, anxiety, and general dread," she said in an email. More than one parent — this reporter included — has considered simply leaving the United States for cheaper international waters during summer-camp season. Virginia Duan, a mother of four who's pregnant with her fifth, is flying to Taiwan for the summer and has already missed the early-bird prices for international camps. "Those started registering in November/December of 2022, and I ignored them completely," she said.

Parents say getting their kids into summer camp is a nightmare. They're doing everything from using spreadsheets to waking up at dawn to do it.

Tech giant <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/google-plans-to-launch-pixel-fold-featuring-same-12-2mp-main-camera-from-pixel-5/articleshow/87577950.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Google's</a> philanthropic arm <keyword id="6355629" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="google" source="Orion">Google</keyword>.org on Monday granted $2.5 million to three Indian non-profits to create pathways to prosperity for women and girls. The three non-profits are Samhita-CGF, Pratham Education Foundation, and SwaTaleem Foundation, who will each receive funding to scale their projects in areas of skills development, education, and financial support, the tech giant said in a statement. "We're extremely proud that three local recipients have been selected as part of this Challenge," it added. The three non-profits are part of the 34 funding recipients of the Google.org Impact Challenge for Women and Girls from across 19 countries. These were selected among 7,800 applications. Samhita-CGF's will get an $$800,000 grant for its "REVIVE Alliance" project, which aims to provide interest-free "returnable" grants to 10,000 women who do not have access to traditional finance support systems to invest in digitisation and cover their business needs. Pratham will receive $1 million in funding to connect more than 7,000 rural, unemployed young women to jobs in the beauty and health industry and the male-dominated automotive, mechanics, and electrical industries. With a $700,000 grant, SwaTaleem and Humane Warriors will educate marginalised girls and women in rural India through a creative, low-tech platform. Through an app and automated audio files played on speaker phones, it circumvents the need for the Internet while providing girls access to traditional subjects such as maths and science, as well as socio-emotional and financial literacy training such as how to open a bank account. Google further stated that to support and advance these investments, Google.org, Google's Accelerator team, and Women Techmakers will run a four-month global virtual accelerator programme where highly skilled Googlers will provide pro bono support that includes training, networking, and mentorship. "As we continue to invest in efforts to extend opportunities to women to reach their potential, and enhance their lives, and that of their families, communities, and the economy, partnerships with organisations such as these will be key. We're encouraged by the variety of approaches they are taking and their ongoing impact, and excited to support their work where it matters most," Google said.

Google grants $2.5 million to three Indian non-profits working with women and girl empowerment

Abhijit Pawar based the Delivering Change Foundation and Tanishka Foundation on a concept of “return on respect,” evaluating all initiatives based on social impact. 
 
The Tanishka Foundation is one such initiative, whose main goal is to empower women and change the perception of their roles within the society. Tanishka provides a peer-to-peer platform for women to connect, share and champion the cause of socio-economic transformation by addressing emotional, physical and financial security. 
 
• Emotional security is based on an integration of self-acceptance and self-confidence, social and political understanding and a personal ability to take a significant part in decision-making and in control over resources in the environment. 
 
• Physical security centers around fundamental human rights, including equal protection under the law, freedom from all forms of discrimination, access to the highest standard of physical and mental health, complete freedom from abuse at the domestic or community level and zero level tolerance for any form of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. 
 
• Financial security reflects the critical need in society, that in order for women to have a dignified life and fully harness and galvanize their potential, it is paramount that they have stable incomes on par with men in their socio-economic strata. Additionally, they must be provided with the skills and education required to earn secure and continuously enhanced incomes, with rights to optimal control over land and other critical monetizable resources and equal access to all entitlements and services available in society. 
 
Below, Pawar, who joined YPO in 2004 and is a Global Impact honoree for his work through Tanishka, recalls some of his favorite achievements, stories and life lessons. 
 1. What is one thing you know now that you would teach your younger self about business and <keyword id="34454" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="leadership">leadership</keyword>? 
 
If I were to teach my younger self, it would be the following: I know now that you should start with thinking of society’s challenges and issues, and when you do, your own individual problems become insignificant and the ability to reach out to people increases. This in turn creative business opportunities to solve that greater issue. Usually people start with the business objective and link to a social issue but if you start with that purpose that opens business opportunities. 
 
Today, I have an integrated model where philanthropy and social enterprise is at the core. I made a conscious decision to follow this model about five years ago when I decided to use my resources and skills for helping solve social issues, as part of the business. I thought I would lose money but it resulted in the opposite. It opened up more business opportunities. The privileged one percent of the population have to introduce change to make the world a better place. They can do it and have the responsibility to do it. 
 
2. What is your favorite achievement? 
 
The creation of the ‘Rally the citizens of Pune’ by Delivering Change Foundation. Seven million citizens across a wide spectrum of backgrounds including politicians, NGO’s, industries, judiciary, schools, colleges and the disadvantaged traveled by bus for a day to raise awareness of public transportation and ultimately help reduce pollution, accidents and traffic. Every stakeholder of the society was united, and we all traveled together in a bus for one day on 1 November 2012. We celebrated this as the Pune Bus Day. 
 
3. What is one of your favorite transformative stories about the women you’ve worked with? 
 
The Tanishka women’s group is the Matori Village story. The Matori village is one of the poorest villages in India. A 78- year-old woman, who is a Tanishka member, took the initiative and rallied other women in the village to ensure that they got 50 percent of the land transferred to their names, as many of their husbands were alcoholics and they indulged in gambling (therefore many men would lose their belongings and land). Not only this, but they also rallied to stop physical and domestic violence in their homes. They further moved on to make the village drought-free by working on the desilting project. This was all done by a group of Tanishka women, many of whom were illiterate. 
 
4. How has being in YPO positively affected your business or leadership? 
 
Being in YPO has allowed me many opportunities to meet members whom I can trust, and with whom I can partner in business. Some members helped us to verify information of companies or individuals with whom I was looking to either partner or take help from in social as well as business projects. 
 
5. What is one must-read book for business leaders? 
 
“Citizenville” by Gavin Newsom. This book has many innovative, interesting and practical ideas and initiatives, which can be easily replicated across many cities of the world. 
 
6. How do you make time for ongoing learning in your busy schedule? 
 
I don’t dedicate a specific time for learning. Everything is learning. It’s a state of mind and a full-time activity. I cannot not be a student. 
 
7. What are three insights you would like to share? 
 
• The world truly has become small. Increasingly, people across borders are connecting with one another in an unprecedented manner. The problem one faces in his country might be similar to problems faced in another country, especially when it comes to women’s issues, family, lifestyle, culture, etc. ‎Problems today can be solved through the digital world by almost anybody on the planet who has the capability and inclination, therefore, people of the world are increasingly relying on each other. It is now evident that the digital world is a reality and either you embrace it and take off and fly to a better future or else the possibility of falling off the cliff is very real. The digital divide will increase substantially if proper steps are not taken by the government. The global equations of the world will drastically change. 
 
• Change is constant. We can help deliver change by collaborating with each other, learning from the best and sharing. 
 
• Women must play a significant role in helping build better societies. This is being demonstrated in every field of life when they receive more opportunities. 
 
(The article is authored by Erin Enberg, YPO writer) 
 
(YPO is a global community of chief executives dedicated to becoming Better Leaders through Lifelong Learning and Idea ExchangeTM. The YPO platform provides more than 24,000 members in more than 130 countries. For more information, visit www.ypo.org.)

Return On Respect: 7 Questions With Abhijit Pawar

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/baylors/3570942853/">Flickr/Mark Baylor</a></div></div></div><ul><li>The <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/marshmallow-psychologist-walter-mischel-self-control-success-2014-10">Stanford marshmallow tests</a> have long been considered compelling evidence for the need to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/environment-and-marshmallow-self-control-study-2012-10">teach kids how to delay gratification</a> and exercise restraint.</li><li>Some studies have shown that a child's ability to resist temptation (by not immediately eating a marshmallow, for example) can predict their future success in school and life.</li><li>But new research is <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/environment-and-marshmallow-self-control-study-2012-10">beginning to question</a> the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/marshmallow-psychologist-walter-mischel-self-control-success-2014-10">original Stanford findings</a>, and suggests instead that a kid's success may have more to do with their early environment.</li></ul> For decades, psychologists have suggested that if a kid can't resist waiting a few minutes to eat a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/marshmallow-psychologist-walter-mischel-self-control-success-2014-10">marshmallow</a>, they might be doomed in some serious, long-term ways.In <a href="http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1972-20631-001">the early 1970s</a> the soft, sticky treat was the basis for a groundbreaking series of psychology experiments on more than 600 kids, which is now known as the marshmallow study.It worked like this: Stanford researchers presented preschoolers with a sugary or salty snack . Sometimes the kids were placed in front of a marshmallow; other times it was a different food, like a pretzel or cookie. Then, the children were told they'd get an additional reward if they could wait 15 or 20 minutes before eating their snack. If they held off, they would get two yummy treats instead of one.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USMC-110930-M-9426J-006.jpg">Wikimedia Commons</a>The marshmallow test has long been considered one measure of how well a child can delay gratification.</div></div></div>Researchers then traced some of the young study participants through high school and into adulthood. They discovered that a kid's ability to resist the immediate gratification of a marshmallow tended to correlate with beneficial outcomes later, including <a href="http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1991-06927-001?doi=1">higher SAT scores</a>, better emotional coping skills, less cocaine use, and healthier weights.Ever since those results were published, many social scientists have trumpeted the marshmallow-test findings as evidence that developing a child's self-control skills can help them achieve future success.But the <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> of good child rearing may not be so simple.A new troupe of researchers is beginning to raise doubts about the marshmallow test. They've designed a set of more diverse and complex experiments that show that a kid's ability to resist temptation may have little impact on their future as a healthy, well-adapted adult. <h2>The original marshmallow experiment had one fatal flaw</h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexanderium/3803318721/">alexanderium on Flickr </a></div></div></div>For a new study published last week in the journal <a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797618761661">Psychological Science</a>, researchers assembled data on a racially and economically diverse group of more than 900 four-year-olds from across the US. The data came from a nationwide survey that gave kindergartners a seven-minute long version of the marshmallow test in 1998 and 1999. For the updated test, kids got to choose their preferred treat: M&amp;Ms, marshmallows, or animal crackers.The original studies at Stanford only included kids who went to preschool on the university campus, which limited the pool of participants to the offspring of professors and graduate students. So for this new study, the researchers included data on preschoolers whose parents did not have college degrees, along with those whose parents had more higher <keyword id="6355445" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="education">education</keyword>.The statisticians found that generally speaking, kids who showed greater self-control when presented with a treat like a marshmallow or candy seemed to be marginally better at math and reading by age 15. But it wasn't predictive of better overall behavior as a teen.Then the number scientists crunched their data again, this time making only side-by-side comparisons of kids with nearly identical cognitive abilities and home environments. They took into account socio-economic variables like whether a child's mother graduated from college, and also looked at how well the kids' memory, problem solving, and verbal communication skills were developing at age two.They found that when all of those early childhood measures were equal, a young kid's ability to wait to eat a marshmallow had almost no effect on their future success in school or life."Take two kids who have the same ethnicity, the same gender, the same type of home environment, the same type of parents, the same sort of general cognitive ability, measured very early on," lead study author Tyler Watts told Business Insider as he explained his new study. "One of them is able to wait longer on the marshmallow test. Our results suggest that it doesn't matter very much, once you adjust for those background characteristics."That's an important finding because it suggests that the original marshmallow test may only have measured how stable a child's home environment was, or how well their cognitive abilities were developing.If a marshmallow test is only a "symptom of all this other stuff going on," as Watts put it, then improving a kid's ability to resist a marshmallow is no silver bullet for success. "Just narrowly focusing on this one skill, without taking into consideration the broader elements of a child's life, probably isn't likely to make a big difference down the road, based on our results," Watts said.<h2>Other new studies call the marshmallow test into question, too</h2>Other new research also suggests that kids often change how much self-control they exert, depending on which adults are around. A 2012 study from the University of Rochester found that if kids develop trust with an adult, they're willing to wait up to four times longer to eat their treat."It occurred to me that the marshmallow task might be correlated with something else that the child already knows - like having a stable environment," one of the researchers behind that study, Celeste Kidd, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/environment-and-marshmallow-self-control-study-2012-10">said in 2012</a>. "If you are used to getting things taken away from you, not waiting is the rational choice." <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Mark Wilson/Getty Images</div></div></div>Researchers have recently pointed out additional culturally significant quirks in the marshmallow test.A <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.12847">group of German researchers</a> compared the marshmallow-saving abilities of German kids to children of Nso farmers in Cameroon in 2017. They found that the Cameroonian children were much better at restraining themselves from eating treats than German kids. The researchers behind that study think the hierarchical, top-down structure of the Nso society, which is geared towards building respect and obedience, leads kids to develop skills to delay gratification at an earlier age than German tots. Kids in Germany, on the other hand, are encouraged to develop their own interests and preferences early on. Some <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-kids-learn-curiosity-helps-children-succeed-school-2018-5">new data</a> also suggests that curiosity may be just as important as self-control when it comes to doing well in school. Scientists who've <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-kids-learn-curiosity-helps-children-succeed-school-2018-5">studied curious kids</a> from all walks of life have discovered that inquisitive question-askers performed better on math and reading assessments at school regardless of their socioeconomic background or how persistent or attentive they were in class.These findings all add to a fresh and compelling pile of scientific evidence that suggests raising high-performing kids can't be boiled down to a simple formula. Nor can a kid's chances of success be accurately assessed by how well they resist a sweet treat. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/eyelid-surgery-in-south-korea-2015-11">Why Korean parents are having their kids get plastic surgery before college</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

The famous Stanford 'marshmallow test' suggested that kids with better self-control were more successful. But it's being challenged because of a major flaw.

Managing Director of Sakal Media Group and founder/chairman of Delivering Change Foundation, <a href="https://www.ypowpo.org/Member.aspx?memberid=15DD2578-7AE3-DE11-8D75-005056923298">Abhijit Pawar</a> (YPO Pune, YPO Bombay North Star)based the Delivering Change Foundation and <a href="http://www.tanishkafoundation.org/">Tanishka Foundation</a> on a concept of “return on respect,” evaluating all initiatives based on social impact. The <keyword id="3186533" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Tanishka-foundation">Tanishka Foundation</keyword> is one such initiative, whose main goal is to empower women and change the perception of their roles within the society. 
 
Tanishka provides a peer-to-peer platform for women to connect, share and champion the cause of socio-economic transformation by addressing emotional, physical and financial security. 
 
Emotional security is based on an integration of self-acceptance and self-confidence, social and political understanding and a personal ability to take a significant part in decision-making and in control over resources in the environment. This ensures every woman has a feeling of self-worth and an aspiration to a better life, leading to self-actualization. This thereby enables women to come together to formulate goals for societal improvement and act as change agents to positively transform their collective situation. 
 
Physical security centers around fundamental human rights, including equal protection under the law, freedom from all forms of discrimination, access to the highest standard of physical and mental health, complete freedom from abuse at the domestic or community level and zero level tolerance for any form of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Physical security allows women to operate from a standpoint of fearlessness and self-respect, empowering them to take control of their lives and initiate positive change in society. 
 
Financial security reflects the critical need in society, that in order for women to have a dignified life and fully harness and galvanize their potential, it is paramount that they have stable incomes on par with men in their socio-economic strata. Additionally, they we must provide them with the skills and education required to earn secure and continuously enhanced incomes, with rights to optimal control over land and other critical monetizable resources and equal access to all entitlements and services available in society. This ensures that they have a stable and secure base from which to act in the interests of societal transformation. 
 
Below, Abhijit recalls some of his favorite stories and achievements through his work at Delivering Change and Tanishka. 
 
1. What is one must-read book for business leaders? 
“<a href="http://citizenville.com/">Citizenville</a>” by Gavin Newsom. This book has many innovative, interesting and practical ideas and initiatives, which can be easily replicated across many cities of the world. 
 
2. What is your favorite achievement? 
The creation of the ‘Rally the citizens of Pune’ by Delivering Change Foundation. Seven million citizens across a wide spectrum of backgrounds including politicians, NGO's, industries, judiciary, schools, colleges and the disadvantaged traveled by bus for a day to raise awareness of public transportation and ultimately help reduce pollution, accidents and traffic. Every stakeholder of the society was united, and we all traveled together in a bus for one day on 1 November 2012. We celebrated this as the Pune Bus Day. 
 
3. What is one of your favorite transformative stories about the women you’ve worked with? 
The Tanishka women's group is the Matori Village story. The Matori village is one of the poorest villages in India. A 78- year-old woman, who is a Tanishka member, took the initiative and rallied other women in the village to ensure that they got 50 percent of the land transferred to their names, as many of their husbands were alcoholics and they indulged in gambling (therefore many men would lose their belongings and land). Not only this, but they also rallied to stop physical and domestic violence in their homes. They further moved on to make the village drought-free by working on the de-silting project. This was all done by a group of Tanishka women, many of whom were illiterate. 
 
4. How has being in YPO positively affected your business or leadership? 
Being in YPO has allowed me many opportunities to meet members whom I can trust, and with whom I can partner in business. Some members helped us to verify information of companies or individuals with whom I was looking to either partner or take help from in social as well as business projects. 
 
Three insights I would like to share to my fellow members: 
 
1. The world truly has become small. Increasingly, people across borders are connecting with one another in an unprecedented manner. The problem one faces in his country might be similar to problems faced in another country, especially when it comes to women’s issues, family, lifestyle, culture, etc. ‎ Problems today can be solved through the digital world by almost anybody on the planet who has the capability and inclination, therefore, people of the world are increasingly relying on each other. It is now evident that the digital world is a reality and either you embrace it and take off and fly to a better future or else the possibility of falling off the cliff is very real. The digital divide will increase substantially if proper steps are not taken by the government. The global equations of the world will drastically change. 
 
2. Change is constant, and we can help deliver change by collaborating with each other, learning from the best and sharing. 
 
3. Women must play a significant role in helping build better societies. This is being demonstrated in every field of life when they receive more opportunities.

Transformation Through Respect: 5 Questions with Abhijit Pawar

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Movement to WorkMarc Bolland.</div></div></div>Marc Bolland was the CEO of one of the largest retailers in Britain - Marks and Spencer (M&amp;S) - but, after stepping down in April this year, he is now concentrating on getting unskilled and uneducated young people into work.Bolland told Business Insider that he plans to do this through the Movement to Work, the charity he chairs. He added that he and the charity are aiming to get 100,000 young people aged 16 to 24-years-old who are not in education, employment or training (NEET) a job at some of the largest companies in Britain."We recognise that many young people feel trapped in the 'no experience, no job; no job, no experience' cycle and fear that they are stuck on the scrapheap before their working lives have even begun," said Bolland, who has also led supermarket giant Morrisons and, prior to that, the COO of Heineken."High-quality work experience can help address some of these negative emotional aspects, by having others see their potential but also in many cases enabling them to engage with their peers that are undergoing similar challenges."<h2>How huge corporations can help the NEET problem</h2><a href="http://www.movementtowork.com/" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&amp;q=http://www.movementtowork.com&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1478070142973000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGIY3zNO7NdxnNQg-paWi3yxcJWZQ">Movement to Work</a> is a charity that works with some of Britain's largest employers, which include banks such as Barclays and HSBC, as well as engineering giant BAE Systems and pharmaceutical firm GSK. According to the Office for National Statistics, there are 843,000 young people in the <keyword id="6354868" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="UK">UK</keyword> classified as NEETs."We know that those with poor educational performance, disaffection with education and low socio-economic status are more likely to become NEET. However, there are also many young people who are NEET with average levels of attainment, live at home supported by their family and, as such, can become 'invisible'," said Bolland, citing 2013 data from think tank Policy Network."Geography also appears to play a part, with the North East region being home to the highest proportion of 16-24 year olds who are NEET; with the West Midlands and the North West regions also having high proportions (according to ONS data from August)," he added.Movement to Work has helped 50,000 young NEETs gain a job placement, as of 26 September."We need to do more to incentivise young people to stay in school, but for those young people that choose to leave the education system early, we need to provide them with opportunities to succeed. This includes meaningful work experience, traineeships and apprenticeships," added Bolland."Young people need to be equipped with the knowledge, skills and experience to allow them to integrate into the job market. They also need to be given the means and the confidence to identify and pursue employment opportunities."<h2>"It is not a choice, but a necessity"</h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://pictures.reuters.com/C.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&amp;VBID=2C0BXZ5UEML36&amp;SMLS=1&amp;RW=1440&amp;RH=718&amp;POPUPPN=35&amp;POPUPIID=2C0408TEGB38C">REUTERS/Benjamin Beavan</a>Marc Bolland, while he was CEO of Marks &amp; Spencer.</div></div></div>Bolland said that getting more NEETs into work and "supporting them towards employability is not a choice but a necessity."Not only does it help these people finally break the cycle of being unemployed and not being experienced enough to get on the ladder, but it also helps companies recruit from a previously untapped source."It should be recognised that employers gain from work experience placements, by providing them with additional talent recruitment pipelines, helping build a more diverse and inclusive workforce, and creating greater engagement with existing employees involved in the placements," said Bolland."Our placements are making a real difference to the lives of disadvantaged young people, and giving them hope of a prosperous future. We are always looking for more collaborative partners, from any of the three sectors, to help grow our reach and impact."It is beneficial for companies to take on more young people through work experience, traineeships and apprenticeships - it enables them to send a clear message that they value the contributions of young people, but it also enables them to enrichen their talent pipeline."Britain's headline rate of unemployment is at a <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/uk-unemployment-rate-and-pay-statistics-august-2016-10">near-record low of 4.9%</a>. However, since Britain voted to leave the European Union on June 23, there has been much speculation over how exiting the 28-nation bloc will hurt jobs. Those who are already struggling to get on a solid career path - like NEETs - could be impacted the most.When BI asked Bolland about how Brexit could potentially affect NEETs, he simply said: "it yet unclear how Brexit will affect youth unemployment. Regardless of this macro-economic uncertainty in the short term, Movement to Work remains committed to helping young people enter the world of work and having a positive impact on the social mobility agenda." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ceo-wells-fargo-john-stumpf-retiring-2016-10">Wells Fargo CEO John Stumpf is retiring, effective immediately</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="cweXNtNjE6ZWnTr9mDTuV8QJ7DMffP2M" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Former M&S CEO Marc Bolland is trying to get companies to employ 100,000 unskilled and uneducated kids

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Nearly five decades since "Sesame Street" went on the air in 1969, the show has amassed <a href="http://journals.lww.com/jrnldbp/fulltext/2003/12000/_g__is_for_growing__thirty_years_of_research_on.11.aspx">more than 1,000 scientific studies</a>, all making the case that television could improve how kids thought and behaved. <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w21229">Now we have one more</a>, and it makes a compelling argument that preschool teachers have some competition with the likes of Big Bird. In the new study, economists Phillip Levine and Melissa Kearney argue kids who watched "Sesame Street" as toddlers went on to do better in elementary school.The benefits were especially strong for boys and non-Hispanic black students. After being exposed to Sesame Street, they were more likely to have peers closer to their age - a sign they weren't getting held back.Kearney and Levine used a clever strategy to collect their data: TV signals. By looking at which households received very high frequency waves, the only kind "Sesame Street" broadcasted in, Kearney and Levine could compare how kids in those parts of the country did in school to kids who were in the dark. Though they couldn't measure kids' progress directly, they found strong connections between Sesame Street viewership and how well kids did.The new study adds to a body of research about how "Sesame Street" helps kids. Past studies have shown children who watch the show enjoy:<ul><li>up to <a href="http://downloads.cdn.sesame.org/sw/SWorg/documents/ACPR+Monograph+Bangladesh+FINAL.pdf">67% higher literacy scores</a> by age 4</li><li><a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0260741950210203">40% better social skills</a> than non-viewers</li><li><a href="http://downloads.cdn.sesame.org/sw/SWorg/documents/SW_GlobalHeath.pdf">127% increased interest</a> in eating certain vegetables</li></ul>Basically, if you grew up in a part of the country where "Sesame Street" aired, you had a better shot at making it through school healthy and happy, regardless of factors like race or class.But part of the reason "Sesame Street" hasn't gotten the love it deserves, at least as a point of empirical study, is that other public policies have simply overshadowed it.Programs like Head Start and universal pre-kindergarten have tried to level the playing field with on-ramps to traditional schooling.On the one hand, they seem to be working, says Levine, an economist at Wellesley College."For instance, Head Start places far greater emphasis on socio-emotional development and even child health in a way that TV shows could never do," Levine tells Business Insider. But few can trump the low cost and staying power of "Sesame Street."In fact, "Sesame Street" is so cheap and so widely distributed that it anticipated one of today's major <keyword id="6355445" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Education">education</keyword> trends: the so-called MOOCs, or massive open online courses, such as Khan Academy, MIT OpenCourseware, and other smaller outfits. Many <a href="http://www.wsj.com/articles/the-future-of-college-its-online-1430105057">leaders in education suspect</a> MOOCs are poised to transform higher learning from a luxury enjoyed by the privileged into an low-cost, come-all online experience.But Kearney and Levine argue "Sesame Street" has been offering that service to 3-year-olds ever since we landed on the moon."In essence," they wrote, "Sesame Street was the first MOOC." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/i-am-big-bird-movie-trailer-sesame-street-2015-5">Here's the fascinating story about the actor who has played Big Bird on 'Sesame Street' for 40 years</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="VldnMwdTqe5WLPL2Y_20mqKD1YMFMUG9" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

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