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Mumbai, Buoyed by the encouraging results of the first Serological Surveillance for SARS-CoV2 Infection, the BrihanMumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) will conduct another similar survey from August 10, a top official said here on Thursday. BMC Additional Municipal Commissioner Suresh Kakani said that after the results of the first survey in early-July, which tentatively pointed to '<keyword id="2147226" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="herd-immunity">herd immunity</keyword>', another survey will be carried out in the same BMC wards to further confirm this outcome. "It will be conducted in the regions of Matunga, Sion, <keyword id="157686" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Wadala">Wadala</keyword> (F/North), Chembur, Tilak Nagar (M/West) and Dahisar, Mandapeshwar (R/North), with a similar sample size but with different people from slums and housing complexes," Kakani told IANS. The outcome of the second survey -- likely to be available by early-September -- would enable the health authorities to state with confidence the developing or prevalence of 'herd immunity' in those regions, and chart out a Covid-19 combat strategy for other parts of Mumbai, he added. The country's biggest cross-sectional antibodies survey, it was conducted by the BMC along with NITI Aayog and TISS for 12-14 days in the first half of July, covering 6,936 people which threw up unanticipated results. Among other things, it pointed at women and slumdwellers leading the march towards a 'herd immunity' against Covid-19 in Mumbai - the country's worst-hit city. The survey showed that 57 per cent of those tested in the slums were exposed to and developed antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Virus, compared to merely 16 per cent in housing complexes. For the slums, the figures thrown up were 59.30 per cent women (out of 2,297 tested) and 53.20 per cent men (out of 1,937 tested), who had developed antibodies against Covid. In the housing complexes, 16.80 per cent of the women tested and 14.90 per cent of the men tested had developed the antibodies. The BMC interprets this high exposure in slums to shared common facilities like toilets, water-taps, high population density and lack of physical distancing compared to the residents in housing complexes. With the results suggesting more asymptomatic infections, this higher exposure in slums points to an extremely low death-rate in Mumbai - "as low as 0.05 to 0.10 per cent" - instead of the existing 5.5 per cent. The official explained that the presence of antibodies indicated that the person had been infected, battled it away and in the process developed a certain level of resistance to the virus. Accordingly, more people with antibodies in a community is considered a positive sign as the virus had limited scope to spread, implying success of measures like wearing masks, physical distancing, etc, in these areas. Simultaneously, even the presence of antibodies among fewer persons in the housing complexes is considered encouraging as it indicates lesser number of infectees, due to better hygiene, more physical distancing and other interventions by the BMC, the official added. "These results will be valuable to learn more about 'herd immunity'. Although it is still unclear at what level of prevalence does herd immunity kicks in, findings indicate that, at least in slums, this could be attained sooner than later, if the immunity exists and persists in a significant proportion of the population," the BMC informed. The Anti-SARS-CoV2-IgG antibodies were detected using Chemiluminescence assay (CLIA) by Abbott group, in what is billed as the largest such cross-sectional survey in India. It was carried out in collaboration with Kasturba Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, ATE Chandra Foundation and IDFC Institute. The development comes a fortnight after <keyword id="2555741" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="The-World-Health-Organisation">the World Health Organisation</keyword> (WHO) on July 11 acknowledged the success of Maharashtra government in combating the Covid-19 outbreak in Dharavi, the largest slum in Asia. (Quaid Najmi can be contacted at: q.najmi@ians.in) --IANS qn/in

Mumbai sero surveillance round 2 to begin from August 10

<ul><li>Urban cities in the country including Mumbai, Delhi and Ahmedabad are showing a dip in the number of infections and cases. </li><li><keyword id="48434" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="BMC">BMC</keyword> Sero survey indicates that 57% from slums in three wards in Mumbai have developed antibodies </li><li>Experts now believe that some parts of the country, especially the slums of India’s financial capital have developed Herd Immunity. </li><li>Herd Immunity occurs when a large number of people become immune to a contagious disease after being infected to it. </li><li>Business Insider India spoke to experts to understand the road ahead from here. </li></ul>Herd immunity occurs when a large number of people become immune to a contagious disease after being infected to it. The latest sets of data from the two of India’s biggest metro cities, New Delhi and Mumbai, has sparked the hope for herd immunity against COVID-19 but experts warn it may be too soon to rejoice. More than half of the population residing in slums in three different regions in Mumbai contracted coronavirus and developed its anti-bodies, according to a sero-surveillance study conducted by the city’s civic body, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFRE) and NITI Aayog (India’s premier think tank). <div type="image" title="Mumbai Sero Survey" msid="77238688" hostid="261"></div> Mumbai, where 800,000 people live in slums, has reported over 110,000 infections and 6,000 fatalities till June 29. The sero-surveillance started on June 3 and 6,936 samples out of an estimated 8,870 were collected from slum and non-slum population of three civic wards - R-North, M-West and F-North - in the first half of July. The case for possible herd immunity <div type="image" title="Dharavi2" msid="77238788" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Tempreature check up at Dharavi&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> “Although it is still unclear what level of prevalence leads to herd immunity, findings indicate at least in slums this could be attained sooner or later if the immunity exists and persists in a significant proportion of the population." the BMC statement read. “If someone is exposed and they develop antibodies, we can detect those antibodies and it gives us a relatively decent indicator that they were exposed. The interesting thing about the study is it was only looking for asymptomatic individuals. Symptomatic people are going to the system, they are getting treated, managed etc. Asymptomatic is something none of us could understand,” Dr. Marcus Ranney, General Manager (India) Thrive Global explained. This comes a week after a Delhi government survey stated that 30% of the people living in the national capital had anti-bodies of COVID-19. However, the jury is still out on whether herd immunity can stave off COVID-19 infections in the future. Here’s why herd immunity can’t be taken for granted <div type="image" title="Dharavi" msid="77238726" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A child walks holding his grandfather&amp;#39;s walking stick at Dharavi&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> “We have to be very careful with the concept of allowing people to get infected with this virus to develop natural (herd) immunity. This approach does not seem to work (in this case). This is a very contagious infection, and it is clear that the virus can be devastating to those over the age of 60 or with underlying medical conditions,” said Issac Bogoch from the University of Toronto, Canada <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/herd-immunity-doesnt-seem-to-work-for-covid-19-need-to-be-careful/articleshow/77218380.cms">said in an interview with IANS</a>. The other downside of living in the hope of herd immunity is that it could put a lot of vulnerable people at risk. “Asymptomatic carry the same viral load as a symptomatic patient and they are not protected. An asymptomatic carrier is as lethal and as vulnerable as symptomatic. One asymptomatic can spread it to 217 people if the person is in a closed/family range, ” Prof. Dr. Sanjeev Bagai, the chairperson of Nephron Clinics, told Business Insider India Many of these people who get the virus passed on to them could be older people and those with co-morbidities like diabetes, Hepatitis and heart diseases to name a few. India has been the third-worst affected country and has reported 1.5 million cases. And even if a person does develop antibodies to fight COVID-19, they may not stay in the body forever. Research studies across the world have shown that the immunity drops 8 weeks or so after contracting COVID-19, according to Bagai. Even Ranney, who hopes that there will be herd immunity someday, warns against lowering the guard too soon. “We do not know the period of time this immunity lasts. We could see a repeated infection in the same individual (recovered patients). A King’s College study in London was suggestive that the immunity drops quite significantly,” <a href="https://twitter.com/BiIndia/status/1288331087832182786">Dr. Ranney </a>said. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/mahindra-and-mahindra-finance-managing-director-gets-candid-about-the-rights-issue/articleshow/77212386.cms">EXCLUSIVE: M&amp;M Financial Managing Director gets candid about the rights issue, the bleak prospects for this year and why there should be no more loan moratorium</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/india-stock-brokers-hit-by-sebi-direct-market-access/articleshow/77198064.cms">India's broking industry just got the shock of its life – SEBI may soon allow investors to trade directly on the exchanges</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/these-10-indian-colleges-have-produced-indias-most-funded-startup-owners/slidelist/77140792.cms">These 10 Indian colleges have produced India’s most funded startup owners</a>

The slums in India's financial capital are showing signs of herd immunity but it is too soon to conclude

<ul><li>As many as 15,000 people from four age groups participated in the survey -- around 25 percent of them below 18, 50 percent between 18 and 50, and the rest aged above 50.</li><li>A prevalence rate of 34.7 percent was found among the participants aged between 5 and 17, the survey results show.</li><li>As many as 31.2 percent of the people aged above 50 have recovered from COVID-19, it shows. </li></ul>Minors aged between 5 and 17 are most exposed to the novel <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> in Delhi, according to a serological survey conducted in the city this month. Conducted between August 1 and August 7, the survey, second in the city, showed that 29.1 percent of the population in the national capital has now developed antibodies against SARS CoV-2. As many as 15,000 people from four age groups participated in the survey -- around 25 percent of them below 18, 50 percent between 18 and 50, and the rest aged above 50. A prevalence rate of 34.7 percent was found among the participants aged between 5 and 17, the survey results show. As many as 31.2 percent of the people aged above 50 have recovered from COVID-19, it shows. Among those in the 18-50 age group, 28.5 percent people have developed antibodies against the virus. Indian Council of Medical Research data suggests that people aged between 21 and 50 account for 61.31 per cent of the COVID-19 cases recorded in India till August 21. Experts say children could be contracting the infection from adults in their family and domestic helps. Dr Mahesh Verma, the head of a Delhi government committee tasked with strengthening the preparedness of hospitals to battle coronavirus, said, "It is difficult to keep children and youngsters home-bound. Even if they are not going to school, they might be going out to play... or they might have contracted it through an indirect route. But it's just a prediction and needs to be studied." "It's still very complex how people are getting infected. I know a couple of families that are not stepping out but their members have still contracted COVID-19," he added. Dr Gauri Aggarwal, the founder of Seeds of Innocence and Genestrings Lab, New Friends Colony, said, "Children might have contracted the virus from someone in their house who was regularly stepping out. The schools are closed and there are very few people who are organizing gatherings where children are also present." It is possible that they got infected while going to parks or through domestic helps. There are lots of cases where domestic helps have spread the infection, she said. SLB/GVS TIR SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/future-retail-shares-tank-as-a-crucial-payment-deadline-expires/articleshow/77713123.cms">Kishore Biyani-led Future Retail averts a default — settles $14 million interest payment to investors</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/the-who-just-released-specific-mask-guidance-for-kids-as-they-gear-up-to-return-to-school-children-12-and-older-should-wear-them-as-adults-do/articleshow/77706822.cms">The WHO just released specific mask guidance for kids as they gear up to return to school: children 12 and older should wear them as adults do</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/education/news/more-than-half-the-parents-will-not-send-their-children-to-school-even-if-they-reopen-says-survey/articleshow/77720284.cms">More than half the parents will not send their children to school even if they reopen, says survey</a>

Minors, between 5 and 17 years, are most exposed to coronavirus in Delhi: Sero Survey

<ul><li>The survey had 1,664 respondents (all above 18 years) from the citys five wards whose population is 3.66 lakh</li><li>Pune divisional commissioner Saurabh Rao said the survey was not comprehensive and two more sero surveys will be conducted with a larger sample size. </li><li>Dr Aurnab Ghose, associate professor, IISER, said 52.8 per cent men and 50.1 per cent women were found to have seroprevalence of antibodies. </li></ul> Pune's first sero survey has found that 51.5 per cent of the 1644 respondents from five highly- affected wards in the city have seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes COVID-19 infection. A serological survey is done to detect the presence of specific antibodies, and is used to assess the prevalence of a disease in the population. Data from the Pune sero survey was released on Monday. The survey had 1,664 respondents (all above 18 years) from the citys five wards whose population is 3.66 lakh. The survey was conducted by the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) in collaboration with Pune Municipal Corporation, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute at Faridabad, and Christian Medical College, Vellore. Pune divisional commissioner Saurabh Rao said the survey was not comprehensive and two more sero surveys will be conducted with a larger sample size. Dr Aurnab Ghose, associate professor, IISER, said 52.8 per cent men and 50.1 per cent women were found to have seroprevalence of antibodies. The survey found that people living in huts and tenements had higher sero-positivity than those residing in apartments and bungalows, he said. He said blood samples were collected from 1,664 people who were either asymptomatic or symptomatic but undetected (not tested) from areas like Yerwada, Kasba Peth, Rasta Peth, Lohiya Nagar (Kasewadi) and Navipeth (Parvati) which are high-incidence wards of the Pune Municipal Corporation. Blood samples were collected between July 20 and August 5. The survey also indicated a higher prevalence of sero-positivity in users of shared toilets (62.3 per cent) compared to users of independent toilets (45.3 per cent). "We found the presence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This indicates past infection but does not necessarily suggest immunity from subsequent infection," he said. Pune district reported 1,829 new coronavirus cases on Monday, taking the tally to 1,27,026. The death toll reached 3,104 with the death of 82 more patients. SPK NSK VT VT VT

In Pune, half of the surveyed respondents from five highly-affected wards had COVID-19 antibodies

Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan on Sunday cautioned that the ICMR's Sero survey report should not create a sense of complacency in people, as the Indian population is not even close to achieving herd immunity. His warning, in the third episode of the 'Sunday Samvaad' weekly interaction he has been holding with his social media followers every Sunday for the last three weeks, comes on the day when the World Health Organisation (WHO) also advised against any attempts to achieve herd immunity or to hope that it will eventually save people. "Herd immunity or natural population immunity is not an option. Let's put our energy, focus, workforce, actions into what works," said Maria Van Kerkhove, WHO's <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19">Covid-19</keyword> Technical Lead. Harsh Vardhan noted that the first sero-survey conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in May revealed that the nationwide prevalence of novel coronavirus infection was only 0.73 per cent. "Even the soon-to-be-released second sero-survey's indications are that we are far from having achieved any kind of herd immunity which necessitates that all of us should continue following Covid-appropriate behaviour," he added. On the emerging evidence that the disease not only impacts the lungs but other organ systems too, especially cardiovascular and renal, the Minister said that the Union Health Ministry has already set up committees of experts to look into these facets. Besides, he informed that that states and Union Territories have been advised to lower the prices of Covid tests. "In the early days of the pandemic, as the kits were imported, the price tended to be high. But now, supplies of testing kits have also stabilised, and domestic production of these kits have also commenced," Harsh Vardhan said, adding that his ministry has written to states and UTs to engage private laboratories at mutually agreeable lower rates. The minister also informed that he had spoken personally to several state Health Ministers regarding the reduction of prices of testing in their respective states. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/president-ram-nath-kovind-approves-all-three-farm-bills-which-have-been-the-reason-for-farmers-protests-across-the-country/articleshow/78350824.cms">President Ram Nath Kovind approves all three farm bills which have been the reason for farmers' protests across the country</a>

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Mumbai sero surveillance round 2 to begin from August 10

IANS

The slums in India's financial capital are showing signs of herd immunity but it is too soon to conclude

BI India Bureau

Minors, between 5 and 17 years, are most exposed to coronavirus in Delhi: Sero Survey

PTI

In Pune, half of the surveyed respondents from five highly-affected wards had COVID-19 antibodies

PTI

Indian population is not even close to achieving herd immunity, warns Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan

IANS

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