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Union Minister for <keyword id="15939248" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="science-and-technology-dr-jitendra-singh" source="Orion">Science and Technology Dr Jitendra Singh</keyword> on Sunday announced that the <keyword id="116095" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-space-research-organisation" source="Orion">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) is ready to launch <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword>'s first Atmanirbhar human flight "Gaganyaan" by the year 2024. The minister said that India is constantly making new achievements in the field of science and technology. Science is touching new heights under the leadership of Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="narendra-modi" source="Orion">Narendra Modi</keyword>, which is why India's first self-sufficient Gaganyaan will enter space in 2024. Giving information about the achievements being made by the government in the field of science and technology, Jitendra Singh said "The idea of taking forward the 'Gaganyaan' program was in 2022 itself but due to Covid-19 it was delayed. In the next year (2024), there will be two preliminary launchings, the first launch will be unmanned, this experiment will be done to mark the routes because if the 'Gaganyaan' rocket goes into space then it should also return safely to the same way." "In the other experiment also there will be no human, instead a robot will be there as a human replica. When both the experiments assure that we are completely ready, then in the third one we will send humans into space," the minister added. Jitendra said that 'Gaganyaan' would be India's first human flight and it will also be an excellent symbol of self-reliance as it will increase the confidence of the nation. He also said that Indian origin <keyword id="191001" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="rakesh-sharma" source="Orion">Rakesh Sharma</keyword> went to space, but he went under a Soviet mission of space, so this mission will mark Indian origin in space. "This will be a historic initiative in itself because our space journey started very late compared to America and Russia but today the same country is doing our research with our knowledge and taking lessons and moving forward," the minister said. Jitendra Singh said, "The way PM Modi has given respect to science in the last 8 years, this has motivated the Indian scientists and has given a respectable place to them. Rules have been simplified, for example, space has been opened for private public participation, today the result is that private rockets are being launched from there and as soon as this year ends, you will get a wonderful kind of enthusiasm across the country." "While we will be fully prepared to launch "Gaganyaan" which will be the first human flight which will work to take an Astronaut of Indian origin to space of Indian origin, it will be the first mission of this type and hence also a pride for us. It will be a matter of confidence that this work of increasing our self-esteem will work because even though our space journey started late in comparison to America or Russia, today we are in a position where our research findings are similar to those of America and Russia. Countries work to advance their research by making it available," he added.

India ready to launch its first Atmanirbhar human space flight Gaganyaan by 2024

<ul><li>India's maiden human space-flight mission '<keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword>' is likely to be launched in 2024.</li><li>The first trial will be unmanned, and the second trial will include a female robot named ‘<keyword id="8621396" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="vyommitra" source="Orion">Vyommitra</keyword>’.</li><li>India has also planned a new moon mission, <keyword id="8011274" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-3" source="Orion">Chandrayaan-3</keyword> and a mission to Venus, Shukrayaan.</li></ul>In December 2021, the Union Minister for State in the Department of Space, <keyword id="52861" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="jitendra-singh" source="Orion">Jitendra Singh</keyword>, said in Rajya Sabha that India would become the fourth nation in the world to launch a human spaceflight mission after Russia, China, and the USA. The Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>) had planned the human space flight for 2021 but it got delayed due to the COVID- 19 pandemic, said Jitendra Singh. After a lot of back and forth about the launch dates and trial, the mission has finally seen the light of the day. Now, the ‘Gaganyaan’ is likely to be launched in 2024 and the development is confirmed by Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, Jitendra Singh. As per the minister, the mission was delayed as the astronauts could not be trained in Russia after the outbreak of the pandemic. According to ISRO, the Gaganyaan programme will lay the foundation for a sustained Indian human space exploration programme in the long run. Also, the objective of this mission is to demonstrate the indigenous capability to undertake human space flight. Other than these, Gaganyaan will have both tangible and intangible benefits for India, including a step toward an affordable and sustained human and robotic programme to explore space and beyond. The mission will also generate ample scope for employment opportunities in advanced science and R&amp;D activities. The mission will also carry out scientific research and experiments in the interest of the nation. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Trials to end by 2022" comment="subhead" text="Trials to end by 2022">Trials to end by 2022</cmsannotation> <div type="image" title="Vyommitra" msid="94216787" hostid="261" sizebytes="41022"></div> Under the Gaganyaan mission, ISRO may complete the first two trials of its human space mission by the end of 2022, said Union Minister of State for Space Jitendra Singh. The first trial will be unmanned and the second trial will include a female robot named ‘Vyommitra’. The robot Vyommitra has been developed by the ISRO and only after this mission is successful, humans will be sent to space. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="What is the Gaganyaan mission?" comment="subhead" text="What is the Gaganyaan mission?">What is the Gaganyaan mission?</cmsannotation> According to ISRO, the total cost of the Gaganyaan mission will be ₹9023.00 crores and if India succeeds, it will become the fourth country to have sent a human to space, following the US, Russia, and China. For the mission, ISRO will be using a GSLV Mk-III rocket along with two HS200 boosters which will supply the thrust for lift-off. The design and development of the HS200 booster is completed at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Kerala's Thiruvananthapuram, and propellant casting was completed at Sriharikota. This human space flight is expected to take about 16 minutes to reach the intended orbit. The space suits are created by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre. For the training of astronauts, ISRO and Russian government-owned Glavkosmos signed a contract for training. Further, there are some major collaborating partners for Gaganyaan like Indian Armed Forces, Defence Research Development organisation, Indian maritime agencies, Indian Meteorological Department, CSIR Labs, and more. India has also planned a new moon mission named Chandrayaan-3 and a mission to Venus, called Shukrayaan. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-collaborates-with-spinlaunch-to-test-an-innovative-mass-accelerator-launch-system/articleshow/90772382.cms">NASA collaborates with SpinLaunch to test an innovative mass accelerator launch system — a slingshot to send payloads to space</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/why-nasa-scientists-are-sending-microorganisms-around-the-moon/articleshow/93521225.cms">Here’s why Nasa scientists are sending microorganisms around the moon</a>

Robots and humans are gearing up to explore space with ISRO's Gaganyaan

<ul><li>The Department of Science &amp; Technology (<keyword id="6355529" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="dst" source="Orion">DST</keyword>) is working on launching India's first <keyword id="14921039" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="night-sky-sanctuary" source="Orion">Night Sky Sanctuary</keyword> in Ladakh. </li><li>The sanctuary is expected to be ready in the next three months. </li><li>The sanctuary will be a part of Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary. </li></ul>One of India’s most attractive tourist attractions, Ladakh is closer to bringing the country’s first Night Sky Sanctuary. The sanctuary will be set up in the famous historic village called Hanle as a part of Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary. The sanctuary work is in progress and expected to be completed by the end of this year. The officials are assuming that this development will bring a boost to <keyword id="948926" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="astro-tourism" source="Orion">Astro tourism</keyword>. It will be the world’s highest-located site. Dr Jitendra Singh said that all the stakeholders would jointly work toward preserving the night sky from unwanted light pollution and illumination, which seriously threatens scientific observations and natural sky conditions. Why is it being developed in Hanle? Hanle is considered the most suitable area for this because of its cold desert region. Being the highest-located site, Hanle is far away from populated areas, human disturbance or pollution. Minister also stated that the region is best suited because of the year-long clear sky and dry weather conditions. Also, Hanle is the hub spot for telescopes like the Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT), High Energy Gamma Ray telescope (HAGAR), the Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment Telescope (MACE) and GROWTH-India telescopes. Dr Annapurni Subramaniam, Director of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, told The Hindu, “There would be some restrictions during the evening and night to vehicles and headlights. There will be delineators on roads like you do outside observatories. People can come, park, observe the sky and stay in homestays”. Introducing Night Sky Sanctuary will be a great initiative to provide occupation opportunities for people living in Hanle village. The main idea of this development is to promote an environment-friendly area for conducting astronomical observations without any distractions. Also, this new idea will preserve the natural light of the sky. The first Night Sky Sanctuary development will attract tourists from various regions, leading to economic growth. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-pixel-7-pixel-7-pro-and-pixel-watch-to-be-launched-on-october-6/articleshow/94047138.cms">Google Pixel 7, Pixel 7 Pro and Pixel Watch to be launched on October 6</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/redmi-11-prime-5g-vs-realme-9i-5g-smartphone-comparison-of-price-and-features/slidelist/94026046.cms">Redmi 11 Prime 5G vs Realme 9i 5G</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/research/news/scientists-create-remote-controlled-cyborg-cockroaches-that-can-go-under-search-and-rescue-missions/articleshow/94022392.cms">Scientists create remote-controlled cyborg cockroaches that can go under search and rescue missions</a>

India is launching its first Night Sky Sanctuary in Ladakh to boost Astro tourism

India's '<keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword>' mission is likely to be launched by the end of 2022 or early 2023, <keyword id="6358932" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Union-minister" source="Orion">Union minister</keyword> <keyword id="52861" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="jitendra-singh" source="Orion">Jitendra Singh</keyword> said on Wednesday. The mission, originally scheduled for a launch by 2022, was delayed due to coronavirus pandemic. It aims to launch a manned mission in the Lower Earth Orbit. "We could have actually done this (launched Gaganyaan by 2022). We had planned to time it along the 75th anniversary of India's Independence, but it could not happen that way because of the inevitable delay caused due to COVID-19. "But I am sure, maybe by the end of next year or may be (by) the beginning of 2023, we would be able to do that as well," he said. Singh, the Minister of State in the Department of Space, was addressing a webinar on 'Future of India-Oceania Space Technology Partnerships' organised by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce &amp; Industry (FICCI) here. He further said a brainstorming exercise by space scientists and government officials in 2015-16 helped them understand where space technology could be used. "Space technology has a role to play, virtually, in every sector," he asserted. Space technology has come very handy in the area of disaster management, the minister said, adding that space medicine is also deeply connected in the endeavour to send three Indians to space. According to the government, four biological and two physical science related microgravity experiments from academic institutions are shortlisted for unmanned mission of the Gaganyaan programme. Singh also emphasised on the importance of reaching out to start-ups and industry players working in the arena of space. Speaking on India's collaboration with oceanic countries in the area of space, he noted that India has a "comfort level" with these countries which makes it easy to collaborate with them. "The Oceania countries such as New Zealand, Australia and the Pacific Island countries can also collaborate (with India) and work on joint space technology solutions and innovative products," the MoS added. Earlier this week, Anthony Murfett, Deputy Head, Australia Space Agency had said Australia would be supporting India's <keyword id="6827364" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan-mission" source="Orion">Gaganyaan mission</keyword> by tracking it through Cocos (Keeling) Islands. 'Mangalyaan', India's Mars Orbiter Mission, was tracked from Fiji. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/cryptocurrency/news/bitcoin-mining-isnt-just-consuming-energy-its-also-generating-272-grams-of-e-waste-with-every-transaction/articleshow/86228818.cms">Bitcoin mining isn't just consuming energy, it's also generating 272 grams of e-waste with every transaction</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/ami-organics-ipo-rewarded-investors-with-12288-profit-on-the-second-day-of-listing/articleshow/86228819.cms">Investors who had put money in this IPO made over ₹12,000 profit in 2 days</a>

Gaganyaan mission likely to be launched by 2022 end or early 2023, says Union Minister

Science and <keyword id="145107" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="Technology-Minister">Technology Minister</keyword> <keyword id="52861" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Jitendra-Singh">Jitendra Singh</keyword> said on Wednesday (July 9) that India has earned around 40 million euros launching 15 <keyword id="1031119" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="foreign-satellites">foreign satellites</keyword> from 2011 till date. Singh is also the <keyword id="6356245" type="POSITION" weightage="80" keywordseo="minister">Minister</keyword> of Earth Sciences, Department of <keyword id="123907" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="40" keywordseo="atomic">Atomic</keyword> Energy and <keyword id="245720" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Department-of-Space">Department of Space</keyword>. 
 While replying to a question in the <keyword id="6355187" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Lok-Sabha">Lok Sabha</keyword>, Jitendra Singh said that the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword>) launched 15 foreign satellites and 14 Indian satellites during fiscal years 2011-2014 and in this fiscal. The minister also said the revenue earned through launch of foreign satellites was 39.82 million euros. 
 According to Jitendra Singh, Department of Space has revealed the plan for space programme till 2020. The plan pictures development of advanced launch vehicle systems, thematic earth observational satellites with improved <keyword id="6359987" type="COMPANY" weightage="40" keywordseo="resolution">resolution</keyword>, high-power, high-throughput communication satellites, microwave multi-spectral remote sensing satellites, weather and climate studies, constellation of satellites for regional navigation, development of critical technologies for human spaceflight and satellites for space science and planetary exploration purposes. 
 The minister also added that India has spent Rs 349.9 crore on its <keyword id="6625456" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Mars-Orbiter-Mission">Mars Orbiter Mission</keyword> till March 31, of the total project outlay of Rs 450 crore. The Indian space agency ISRO had launched the Mars Orbiter (<keyword id="1506013" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="mangalyaan">Mangalyaan</keyword>) on November 5, 2013. 
(Image: ISRO)

India Earned €40 Million For Launching 15 Foreign Satellites

Here
Is What’s Gone Wrong With Delhi University’s
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By Yoshita Singh United Nations, Jul 11 () India and Japan at the UN have said that a strengthened cooperation in science, technology and innovation is key to accelerating the collective response to the COVID-19 pandemic which has infected over 12 million people and killed more than 560,000 globally. Scientific Secretary, Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Indian government Dr Arabinda Mitra, delivering a joint statement at a session on Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) here on Friday, said that Japan and India organised a series of bilateral and multi-stakeholder meetings last month. "We believe that a strengthened STI cooperation is key to accelerating our collective response to COVID-19, as well as to achieving the human security, by building on the foundations for inclusive and sustainable development," Mitra said on behalf of Japan and India at the 2020 High-Level Political Forum session STI. As the members of the global pilot programme on STI for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) roadmaps, the two countries organised the meetings. Japan and India offer to extend their collaboration in applying frontier technologies in several SDG areas, including to collaborate with the UN Interagency Task Team on STI… in supporting pilot countries from Africa and other countries in the region, in formulating and implementing their STI for SDGs roadmaps, he said. Mitra said this will be enabled by sharing of experience, knowledge and capacities in the spirit of South-South and Triangular Cooperation. India and Japan also reaffirm that STI for SDGs roadmaps is a valuable working tool to strengthen national efforts on mapping and international cooperation on knowledge sharing, technology transfer, capacity-building, governance, networks and finance for countries to better address global challenges including those posed by the COVID-19 pandemic by ensuring access, equity and inclusion. New Delhi and Tokyo call for enhanced multi-stakeholder partnerships by launching "Partnership in Action" and leveraging more dedicated and diversified financing resources, he said. "We further commit to work together to foster closer scientific and technological collaborations by integrating research (knowledge creation), with education (knowledge dissemination) and innovation (knowledge application)," Mitra said. India has played an important role in the negotiations for introduction of a UN driven Technology Facilitation Mechanism (TFM), as an inclusive and equitable tool for SDG delivery based on affordable, accessible and available technological innovation, he said. The global pilot programme on STI is inspired by the collective commitment of both the Japanese and Indian governments in harnessing the prowess of Science and Technology for promoting inclusive development, keeping in mind the needs and aspirations of people and towards delivery of a larger global good through building international partnerships, Mitra said. A global pilot programme on STI for SDGs roadmaps was announced during the high-level political forum last year, focusing on five pilot countries: Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, India and Serbia. Sources said that Japan and India, taking forward their close partnership in the area of science and technology, have agreed to extend their collaboration to the area of SDGs through the programme. The two countries have decided to leverage the Society 5.0 Plan of Japan and the Artificial Intelligence (AI) for All strategy of the Indian government to share the best practices that address the resolution of social problems through the application of technology. According to Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, the contagion has infected over 12 million people and killed more than 560,000 across the world. The COVID-19, which originated in China's Wuhan city in December last year, has also battered the world economy with the International Monetary Fund saying that the global economy is bound to suffer a "severe recession". Scientists are racing against time to find a vaccine or medicine for its treatment. YAS CPS

Strengthened cooperation in science, tech key to accelerating COVID-19 response: India, Japan at UN

The Indian sub-continent has been working in cooperation with 33 nations to ensure peaceful use of outer space, the government said on Wednesday (July 30).
 According to a written response in the <keyword id="6355187" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Lok-Sabha">Lok Sabha</keyword> by <keyword id="52861" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Jitendra-Singh">Jitendra Singh</keyword>, <keyword id="2451419" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Minister-of-State-for-Department">Minister of State for Department</keyword> of Space, India has signed cooperative arrangements are with 33 countries including Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mauritius, Mongolia, Myanmar, Republic of Korea and <keyword id="50996" type="COUNTRY" weightage="80" keywordseo="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi Arabia</keyword>. The countries which are cooperating with India are Syria, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Norway, Peru, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile and Venezuela. The minister added that India is also pursuing cooperation with other countries on peaceful uses of outer space. The areas of cooperation consist of <keyword id="2451421" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Remote-Sensing-of-Earth">Remote Sensing of Earth</keyword>, <keyword id="6358065" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Satellite">Satellite</keyword> Communication, Launch Services, Telemetry and Tracking Support, Space Exploration, Space Law and Capacity Building, said Jitendra Singh. In a bid to utilise this cooperation to optimum level, <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword>) is pursuing cooperation in advanced areas of space science and technology, said Jitendra Singh. This includes areas like: deep space navigation and communication support for space exploration missions, joint realisation of earth observation satellites with advanced scientific instruments, capacity building and disaster management support, he concluded. (Image: Thinkstock)

India Working With 33 Nations For Peaceful Use Of Outer Space

President <keyword id="6354561" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="ram-nath-kovind">Ram Nath Kovind</keyword> on Friday awarded prestigious awards to nine meritorious students of <keyword id="6359674" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="iit-roorkee">IIT Roorkee</keyword> as the premier institution held its 19th annual convocation here. This is the first time in the history of the institution that more than 300 students are being awarded their PhD degrees. Three PhD students received the award under the Engineering and Science category from President Kovind. Pulkit Singhal, B.tech, <keyword id="6603085" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mechanical-Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</keyword>, received the President Gold Medal for having the highest Cumulative Grade Points Average (CGPA). Hrituraj Singh, B.Tech, Electrical Engineering, was awarded the Institute Silver Medal for having the second highest CGPA. Tanvi Verma, B.Tech, Engineering Physics, received the Institute Bronze Medal for having the third highest CGPA. The Director Gold Medal for the best all rounder went to Sumit Kumar Yadav, B.Tech, Electronics and Communication Engineering while the Gold Medal named after former President of India Dr Shankar Dayal Sharma went to Shivam Jindal, B.Tech, Computer Science and Engineering, for excellent contribution in the field of social service among the all UG/PG students. Anant Vashistha, B.Techh, Production and Industrial Engineering won Dr Jai Krishna Gold Medal for excellent contribution in the field of Youth Leadership. The three students who won the Doctoral Excellence awards are Dr Dhiraj Raj, Department of Earthquake Engineering, Dr Yogeshkumar Manibhai Makwana, Department of Electrical Engineering and Dr Pallavi Gupta, Centre for nanotechnology. Uttarakhand <keyword id="130" type="POSITION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Governor">Governor</keyword> Baby Rani Maurya, HRD Minister Dr Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank and Chief Minister Trivendra Singh Rawat and IIT Roorkee Director Professor AK Chaturvedi were also present. Professor N P Padhy, Chairman Convocation, IIT Roorkee said that as many as 2029 students are being awarded degrees in this year's convocation. Out of the 2029 students, 1018 are undergraduate recipients, 702 Post Graduate and 309 PhD degree recipients.

Nine IIT Roorkee students get awarded by the Indian President for outstanding academic performance

As individuals, Indians are resourceful, creative and smart. In a supportive context, such as <keyword id="6357722" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="silicon-valley">Silicon Valley</keyword> they have shown that they can play critical roles in the most innovative companies. But, here in <keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword>, our innovation output is significantly below our potential. My work on innovation has focused on identifying the barriers to innovation in India, and seeking pathways at the level of both the nation and the firm to channelize our creative potential into a more systematic and sustainable innovation output. 
 
The Big Picture 
International comparative studies of innovation consistently place India far below the top of the innovation charts. In the latest INSEAD-WIPO Global Innovation Index (2013), India ranks #66. Rather than going up the ladder, India is actually sliding down – we slipped two positions in the last year and, this is in spite of the Government of India declaring this the decade of innovation! 
 
A simple way of understanding innovation output is to think in terms of supply side factors, processes and capabilities, and demand side factors. At the national level, since liberalization began over two decade ago, the demand for innovation has grown. Disposable incomes are up, the government is looking for low cost solutions to knotty public problems, and the legal systems for protection of inventors’ rights, are now better aligned with those in rest of the world. But India still faces challenges on the supply side, and in the capabilities of organizations to use the inputs available for innovative outcomes. 
 
Supply side issues include the failure of the education system to rise up to the challenge of building a well-trained work force that can undertake creative problem-solving, lack of adequate seed capital to take ideas to prototypes, and the absence of a supportive infrastructure for innovation. But, perhaps the biggest supply side problem is India’s poor research base – a recent study commissioned by India’s Department of Science &amp; Technology shows that India’s research output is not cited at a level above the global average in a single academic discipline. 
 The main agent of innovation in a capitalist <keyword id="34412" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="economy">economy</keyword> is the firm. This is the entity that links ideas with the market. Unfortunately, firms in India have been slow to develop systematic innovation capabilities, preferring to rely on traditional methods of creative improvisation such as jugaad. While jugaad may be attractive to large multinational firms whose processes have become too rigid and inflexible, Indian firms (with a few notable exceptions) face the opposite challenge – their innovation processes are too fluid and under-developed to facilitate the transformation of the creative energies of their employees into a steady stream of innovative products and services. Unfortunately, while multinational R&amp;D and engineering subsidiaries in India have the potential to do more innovative work, their innovation tends to be circumscribed by the roles mandated by their parents. 
 Why don’t Indian organizations spend more effort in developing better innovation capabilities? Family ownership appears to be a barrier, unless the family members involved in the business have a penchant for innovation (e.g. Dr. <keyword id="253203" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Anji-Reddy">Anji Reddy</keyword> and Dr. <keyword id="76415" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Parvinder-Singh">Parvinder Singh</keyword> at DRL and Ranbaxy respectively). More traditional family owners lack a deep understanding of either technology or customer needs, two of the key starting points for innovation. 
 
But there are also social and cultural forces at work that impede the creation of systematic innovation capabilities within firms. Research on management in India has shown that Indian companies’ efforts at innovation are impeded by poor teamwork; the enduring importance of upward hierarchical progression in a traditional society that leads to individuals moving out of individual contributor roles too early; a “brahminical attitude” that gives brainwork a superior position over physical work and results in ideation being lionised but experimentation looked down upon. Additionally, a weak systems and strategic orientation that results in the absence of appropriate change paradigms; a low tolerance of failure; a lack of confidence in innovation capabilities; a failure to positively reinforce innovation efforts; and a strong need for control that comes in the way of joint working with other organisations, all are impediments to innovation in India. 
 
Accelerating the Pace of Change 
Some of these factors are changing over time, but the change is slow. What can India do to accelerate the pace of change? 
I believe there are four priorities starting with a focus on the creation of a critical mass of new generation firms, started by young entrepreneurs. These youngsters would be relatively free of the baggage of our past and therefore more inclined to take on the challenge of genuine innovation. These firms need to be in sectors and application areas that go well beyond our traditional strengths like IT and services. 
The second priority is to provide the right incentives for institutions of higher education to change to become more research-oriented and more practice-oriented. 
 
The third priority is to change the nature of government’s support for research and development. The traditional model of government- owned, financed, and run research institutions needs to be replaced by competitive government grants to support R&amp;D in private institutions and small firms. The feasibility of this has already been proven by the schemes and programmes of the Department of Biotechnology, such as SBIRI and BIRAC. Such an approach needs to be extended to other sectors as well. 
 
The last but certainly not the least priority is to move India towards being a more knowledge-driven and science-intensive society. The solution to this problem lies as much with individuals as with the government. The next time your child has a project from school, get her to do it rather than doing it for her. Don’t accept superstitions and baseless rituals. Embrace the scientific method. 
 
Building Innovation Capabilities: The 8 Steps Approach The other part of the puzzle is building strong organizational innovation capabilities. Some Indian companies have already shown how this can be done. <keyword id="1643686" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vinay-Dabholkar">Vinay Dabholkar</keyword> and I have captured the essence of these practices in our 8 Steps to Innovation framework. 
 
In our interaction with Indian companies, we learnt that they faced three major problems in making innovation a sustained activity. The first is what we call the pipeline problem – the absence of a steady stream of ideas that can drive their innovation engine. Some companies told us that they have managed to create a stream of ideas, but that many of the ideas seem to get lost in the system – this is the source of a second problem that we call the velocity problem. A set of companies more mature in the innovation process told us that their challenge is different – this is the third problem that we call the batting average problem, i.e., the absence of adequate business impact of innovation. 
 
Our 8 step framework seeks to address these three big problems. Building a pipeline involves getting more people across the organization to see innovation as a part of their job and to make it easy for them to share their ideas with the company. To facilitate this, we advocate 3 steps. The first is to lay the foundation for innovation. This is achieved by designing an idea management system that is aligned with the company’s culture, conducting periodic campaigns that create excitement and involvement around innovation, and training people in creative problem solving methods to help them unleash their creative potential. The second step is to create a “challenge book” – identify the problems on which the company should focus its innovation efforts. The third step is to encourage participation in innovation. Some of the ways of achieving this are identification and recognition of innovation role models; forming communities of practice; identifying and training innovation catalysts who can help people with ideas take these ideas forward; and judicious use of rewards and recognition to get people involved. 
 
Ideas don’t move forward because they remain untried and untested. The solution to this is to encourage and support quick, low-cost experimentation to test assumptions related to need, technology, production, and commercialization. Once a proof-of-concept has been established, the barrier often shifts to the resources needed to take the innovation forward. Champions provide credibility and support and help overcome this barrier. Moving towards commercialization is helped by applying the principles of experimentation to the business model as well. 
 
Getting a bigger bang out of innovation – or enhancing the batting average as we call it – depends on two sets of actions. The first set is related to making the innovation successful, and consists of the use of innovation sandbox approaches to do intense experimentation within the tight expectations of the market; the use of platform approaches to help capture value from one innovation across multiple application areas; and sourcing ideas from outside the company (open innovation) to complement the company’s ideas and complete the innovation process. The second set relates to managing risk. Understanding the history of similar innovations, awareness of the baseline success rate of such innovations, and doing a premortem are some useful ways of managing the risk involved. Other approaches include a portfolio orientation and having a vigorous pipeline to avoid over-dependence on a single innovation. 
 We found successful Indian companies practising several of the approaches we have described above. <keyword id="6359783" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bajaj-Auto">Bajaj Auto</keyword> has been very effective at defining the right challenge book leading to market-dominating products such as the Pulsar. <keyword id="10899" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Titan-Industries">Titan Industries</keyword> has been a leader in training employees to participate in the innovation process and launching annual campaigns. Cognizant Technology Solutions has also been strong on participation, and has trained an impressive “army” of catalysts. <keyword id="42747" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Tata-Motors">Tata Motors</keyword> has used innovation sandboxes effectively, <keyword id="6354512" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Infosys">Infosys</keyword> has a portfolio of effective innovation platforms, and Eureka Forbes has used open innovation to its advantage. Clearly where there is a will, Indian companies have found a way to build their innovative capabilities. 
 
(The author of this article is Rishikesh T. Krishnan. His main areas of interest are strategy and innovation. He was a Visiting Scholar at the Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania (Fall 2008), and at the Indian School of Business (ISB), Hyderabad (2011-12). This article was contributed to Thinkers, a quarterly thought leadership magazine that features the brightest thinkers in the areas of economics and governance, philosophy and literature, science and technology, and management. To learn more about the magazine, please visit: <a href="http://www.thinkers.in/">www.thinkers.in</a> ) 
 
Image: thinkstock

Thinkers/Thinkers 50: Going beyond Jugaad, can India build a systematic innovation capability?

Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> allocated portfolios to his ministers, giving the Ministry of Finance and Defence to Arun Jaitley. <keyword id="6355111" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Sushma-Swaraj">Sushma Swaraj</keyword> was allocated the Ministry of External Affairs while <keyword id="6355121" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Rajnath-Singh">Rajnath Singh</keyword> got Home Ministry. Here is the list of ministers in Modi’s government: 
 
Cabinet Ministers 
Rajnath Singh — Home Ministry 
Sushma Swaraj — Ministry of External Affairs 
Ananth Kumar — Parliamentary Affairs and additional charge of chemicals and fertilisers 
Nitin Gadkari — Surface Transport and Shipping Ministry 
Sadanand Gowda — Ministry of Railways 
Venkaiah Naidu — Urban Development Ministry and Parliamentary Affairs 
Ravi Shankar Prasad — Telecom Ministry, Law and Justice Ministry 
Maneka Gandhi — Women and Child Development Ministry 
Najma Heptulla — Ministry of Minorities 
Smriti Irani - Human Resource Development Ministry 
Radha Mohan Singh — Agriculture Ministry 
Nirmala Sitharaman — Minister of State for Commerce 
Prakash Javadekar — Minister of State for Information &amp; Broadcasting 
Ram Vilas Paswan — Food and Civil Supplies Ministry 
Arun Jaitley — Finance Ministry and additional charge of the Defence Ministry 
Uma Bharati —Minister of Water Resources and Ganga 
Jual Oram —Minister of Tribal Affairs 
 
Ministers of State (Independent Charge) 
General VK Singh – Development of North Eastern Region (Independent Charge), External Affairs, Overseas Indian Affairs 
Inderjit Singh Rao – Planning (Independent Charge), Statistics and Programme Implementation (Independent Charge), Defence 
Santosh Gangwar – Textiles (Independent Charge), Parliamentary Affairs, Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation 
Shripad Naik – Culture (Independent Charge), Tourism (Independent Charge) 
Dharmendra Pradhan – Petroleum and Natural Gas (Independent Charge) 
Sarbananda Sonowal – Skill Development, Entrepreneurship, Youth Affairs and Sports (Independent Charge) 
Prakash Javadekar – Information and Broadcasting (Independent Charge), Environment, Forest and Climate Change (Independent Charge), Parliamentary Affairs 
Piyush Goyal – Power (Independent Charge), Coal (Independent Charge), New and Renewable Energy (Independent Charge) 
Dr Jitendra Singh – Science and Technology (Independent Charge), Earth Sciences (Independent Charge), Prime Minister Office, Personnel, Public Grievances &amp; Pensions, Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space 
Nirmala Sitharaman – Commerce and Industry (Independent Charge), Finance, Corporate Affairs 
 
Ministers of State 
GM Siddeshwara – Civil Aviation 
Manoj Sinha – Railways 
Nihalchand – Chemicals and Fertilisers 
Upendra Kushwaha - Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Drinking Water and Sanitation 
Pon Radhakrishnan – Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises 
Kiren Rijiju – Home Affairs 
Krishan Pal – Road Transport and Highways, Shipping 
Sanjeev Balyan – Agriculture, Food Processing Industries 
Mansukhbhai Dhanjibhai Vasava – Tribal Affairs 
Raosaheb Danve – Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution 
Vishnu Deo Sai – Mines, Steel, Labour and Employment 
Sudarshan Bhagat – Social Justice and Empowerment

Modi Allocates Portfolios To Ministers

President Droupadi Murmu, on Friday visited an exhibition to showcase space technologies and achievements, at Bharat Mandapam, on the maiden <keyword id="22301946" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="National-Space-Day" source="keywords">National Space Day</keyword>. Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh and <keyword id="19915124" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="ISRO" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> Chairman S Somanath were also present. <keyword id="19939985" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="President-Murmu" source="keywords">President Murmu</keyword> extended her greetings on the occasion of the first National Space Day and welcomed the decision to celebrate Space Day on the day <keyword id="19990220" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan" source="keywords">Chandrayaan</keyword> landed on the <keyword id="19899207" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="moon" source="keywords">Moon</keyword>. "It was a glorious moment for all the Indians when ISRO's Chandrayaan landed on the moon. I saw the live telecast of that moment, I was so proud that day like other Indians. To celebrate National Space Day on this occasion is a commendable step. I congratulate all of you on the first National Space Day. ISRO has achieved many feats since its inception". She also expressed her happiness with the student's participation in the event "Happy to see students' participation in this event." Highlighting the significance of <keyword id="19929542" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-exploration" source="keywords">space exploration</keyword>, she added "Space exploration has extended human's ability and help complete the imagination of humankind. Space exploration is exciting and challenging at the same time. Health, transportation, environment, energy, security and information technology are benefitted due to the growth in the <keyword id="20242397" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-sector" source="keywords">space sector</keyword>". The president termed the growth of the ISRO as extraordinary, "The growth of <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="India" source="keywords">India</keyword>'s space sector is extraordinary, be it Mangalyan mission that was accomplished through minimum resources or launching more than 100 satellites at a time. we have achieved many such feats". She also praised the introduction of private players in the space sector in the country, "Introducing of the private sector in Indian has led to the formation of many <keyword id="22829456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-start-ups" source="keywords">space start-ups</keyword> in India. This has allowed the youths of India to explore the space sector". Expressing her happiness about ISRO's plan to make <keyword id="20793131" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-mission" source="keywords">space mission</keyword> debris-free she said "I am happy that India is moving towards making India's space mission debris-free by 2030". India celebrated its first-ever National Space Day on Friday on the theme "Touching Lives While Touching the Moon: India's Space Saga". On 23 August 2023, India achieved a historic milestone when the Chandrayaan-3 lander completed a soft landing on the moon. This remarkable accomplishment made India the 4th country to accomplish this feat and the 1st to land on the lunar South Pole. In recognition of this achievement, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has declared August 23 as National Space Day.

"A glorious moment for all Indians when Chandrayaan landed on moon" says President Murmu on National Space Day

President Droupadi Murmu on Friday voiced concern over increasing <keyword id="20715750" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-debris" source="keywords">space debris</keyword> as a result of numerous satellites being placed in orbit and lauded <keyword id="19915124" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="ISRO" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> for setting itself a target to make future <keyword id="20018231" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-missions" source="keywords">space missions</keyword> debris free by 2030. Murmu was speaking at the celebration of the maiden <keyword id="22301946" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Space-Day" source="keywords">National Space Day</keyword> celebrations to mark the first anniversary of the landing of India's Chandrayaan-3 project. "Space debris can cause problems for space missions," she said during the event at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi that was attended by Union minister Jitendra Singh, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman S Somanath, engineers, ISRO scientists and representatives of the country's nascent space industry. The president appreciated the ISRO System for Safe &amp; Sustainable Operations Management facility, which ensures continuous progress of space research activities. "I am also happy to note that India is moving forward to make all its space missions debris free by 2030," Murmu said. The president presented awards to winners of the Robotics Challenge and the Bharatiya Antariksh Hackathon on the occasion. The president said ISRO had made remarkable achievements in the space sector as well as invaluable contributions to the country's social and economic development. She appreciated the dedicated scientists who placed India's space programme among the best in the world by using minimum resources. Murmu also expressed confidence that the country would make continuous progress in space science and continue to set new standards of excellence. The president said the progress of India's space sector was extraordinary. "Be it a successfully completed Mars mission with limited resources or the successful launch of more than a hundred satellites at once, we have made many impressive achievements," Murmu said. The president said space exploration had increased the capabilities of human beings and transformed imagination into reality. "But space exploration is a challenging task. Research conducted to solve the problems during space exploration accelerates the development of science and improves human life," she said. The president said many sectors, including health and medicine, transportation, security, energy, environment and information technology, had benefited from developments in the space sector. The president pointed out that with the opening of the space sector to private entities, the number of start-ups had increased at a very rapid pace. "This has not only brought progress in space research but also given new opportunities to our youth to showcase and hone their talents," Murmu said. The president said she was happy to note that just a few months ago, an Indian company successfully launched a single-piece 3D-printed semi-cryogenic engine-powered rocket, the first such achievement. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/webstories/2024-tvs-jupiter-vs-honda-activa-6g-which-110cc-scooter-should-you-buy/slidelist/112730069.cms">2024 TVS Jupiter vs Honda Activa 6G – which 110cc scooter should you buy?</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/how-to/how-to-add-music-to-instagram-profile/articleshow/112732934.cms">You can now add music to your Instagram profile – here's how</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/audi-q8-facelift-launched-in-india-with-a-1-17-crore-price-tag/slidelist/112707701.cms">Audi Q8 facelift launched in India with a ₹1.17 crore price tag</a>

President Murmu voices concern over increasing space debris

The Centre on Thursday announced the "Cervavac", <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword>'s first indigenously-developed <keyword id="24209" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="vaccine" source="Orion">vaccine</keyword> for prevention of cervical cancer, will be launched in the next few months and will be available in the price range of Rs 200-Rs 400. Cervical cancer ranks as the 2nd most prevalent cancers in India and accounts for nearly one-fourth of the world's cervical cancer deaths despite being largely preventable. As per current estimates, every year, approximately 1.25 lakh women are diagnosed with cervical cancer, and over 75,000 die from the disease in India, and 83 per cent of invasive cervical cancers are attributed to HPVs 16 or 18 in India, and 70 per cent of cases worldwide. Announcing the scientific completion of the quadrivalent Human Papilloma Virus (qHPV) vaccine in presence of Adar C. Poonawalla, CEO, <keyword id="95879" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="serum-institute-of-india" source="Orion">Serum Institute of India</keyword> and other prominent scientists and dignitaries, Union Science &amp; Technology Minister Jitendra Singh said that this affordable and cost-effective vaccine marks an important day for the DBT and the BIRAC as it takes India a step closer to PM Narendra Modi's vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat. He noted that the most promising intervention for preventing cervical cancer is vaccination against human papillomavirus (<keyword id="102327" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="hpv" source="Orion">HPV</keyword>). It is estimated that HPV types 16 and 18 (HPV-16 and HPV-18) together contribute to approximately 70 per cent of all invasive cervical cancer cases worldwide. The first indigenously developed Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus vaccine (qHPV) vaccine will be launched in few months, Poonawalla said, adding that the vaccine will be available to the people in an affordable price range of Rs 200-400. Poonawalla, in his brief address, said that the wellbeing and protection of mother and child is the core philosophy of <keyword id="242973" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="serum-institute" source="Orion">Serum Institute</keyword> as only a healthy India can be a productive India. Jitendra Singh pointed out that within a year of implementation, the Mission Covid Suraksha demonstrated major achievements such as development of the world's first DNA vaccine for Covid-19 by Cadila Healthcare which received Emergency Use Authorisation on August 20, 2021, and supporting the development of the nation's first mRNA Vaccine and intranasal vaccine candidate against Covid-19. He said that "Cervavac" is an outcome of a partnership of the DBT and the BIRAC with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, supported by Serum Institute of India for the indigenous development of quadrivalent vaccine through its partnership programme 'Grand Challenges India'

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Thinkers/Thinkers 50: Going beyond Jugaad, can India build a systematic innovation capability?

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