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After the famous <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/ALS-Ice-Bucket-Challenge-Comes-To-India/articleshow/40477546.cms">Ice Bucket Challenge</a> and India’s very own <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/Indias-Own-Version-of-the-ALS-Ice-Bucket-Challenge-Its-Called-Rice-Bucket-Challenge/articleshow/40868223.cms">Rice Bucket Challenge</a>, here is another challenge making its rounds on social media: The <keyword id="2499648" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Book-Bucket-Challenge">Book Bucket Challenge</keyword>. If you have seen your friends either nominating or being nominated for telling the world about 10 books that have been with them for a while, you know what the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/BookBucketChallenge">Book Bucket Challenge</a> is. 
 
However, there is more to it than what meets the eye. Not many of us know that The Book Bucket Challenge is a drive started by <a href="http://olpv.org/">One Library per Village</a>, an NGO based in Kerala. The mission of this NGO is to create awareness and share the latest tools, services and resources that add value to digital libraries, enrich user experiences and enhance associated people’s career development and learning activities. 
 Just like the <keyword id="2473792" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Ice-Bucket-Challenge">Ice Bucket Challenge</keyword> and the <keyword id="2488469" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="rice-bucket-challenge">Rice Bucket Challenge</keyword>, this challenge also requires that you do something in the name of charity. Unlike what is coming across on Facebook, this challenge is not only about nominating your friends for listing ‘10 books that have stayed with them for a while’. Instead, you have to make a list of the books you are willing to donate to libraries or needy people. 
 
Now that you know what the real Book Bucket Challenge is, how about taking it up and giving some needy people the gift of knowledge. After all, that is the greatest gift of all, right?

What The Book Bucket Challenge Is All About

Indians are known to take inspirations and break new grounds with that. In the wake of the recent <keyword id="2473792" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Ice-Bucket-Challenge">ice bucket challenge</keyword> wave that swept the whole world, an Indian journalist based in Hyderabad, Manju Latha Kalanidhi, came up with its ‘desi’ version by the name of <keyword id="2488469" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="rice-bucket-challenge">Rice Bucket Challenge</keyword>. 
 
“Indian version for Indian Needs, Lets challenge our friends to take up the #RiceBucketChallenge,” says the description in the Facebook page of the social campaign. 
 
This challenge is a way to encourage charity for the poor. Under this challenge, the participants need to donate one bucket of cooked or raw rice to a poor household. 
 
Even though the challenge was started only this Sunday and is still in its early stages, it has come as a fresh change. This new challenge is gearing up for a huge welcome. The official Facebook page has more than 10,000 likes in less than two days of its beginning. 
 
Just like the Ice Bucket Challenge asks for a donation of $100 to the ALS association, for the Rice Bucket Challenge you can donate Rs 100 to a nearby hospital for the treatment of any poor patient. 
 
“It’s local, desi and a practical solution to issues in the vicinity. Instead of wasting water on ice bucket challenge, save water and feed the hungry,” said the Facebook account of this ‘desi’ challenge.

India’s Own Version of the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge, It’s Called Rice Bucket Challenge

Feed the Polls is trying to make waiting in line to vote on November 3rd more bearable for Americans — and much tastier

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Courtesy of SanivationA woman demonstrates how to use Sanivation's blue box toilets.</div></div></div>It's easy to take something as ubiquitous as a toilet for granted when you live in a developed nation like the US.But for many people around the world, lack of proper waste disposal and sanitation systems can cause widespread disease and even death.To help solve this problem, Andrew Foote and Emily Woods started <a href="http://www.sanivation.com/">Sanivation</a> - No. 55 on the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/top-100-business-visionaries-changing-the-world-for-the-better-2016-6">BI 100: The Creators -</a> a sanitation startup that installs in-home toilets in East Africa and turns the waste into briquettes of sustainable, environmentally friendly fuel.Foote and Woods came up with the idea for turning waste into fuel as undergraduate students at Georgia Tech University in 2011. The pair developed a thermal treatment system for human feces as a research project and later entered their work into <a href="http://startupchile.org/">Start-Up Chile</a>, a business accelerator in South America.While in Chile, they explored the sanitation space, encountering several startling statistics about developing countries, including the fact that 90% of waste is disposed of without treatment and that <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/">diarrhoeal disease is the second-leading cause of death</a> of children under the age of 5. From there, Foote and Woods decided to go all in with the business.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Courtesy of SanivationThe storefront for blue box toilets.</div></div></div>Sanivation set up shop in Naivasha, Kenya, in 2013 with Foote as CEO and Woods as chief technology officer. Today, the company serves 650 people in the community there.Foote and Woods knew from the beginning that to succeed they'd need to cover the entire system from start to finish. The lack of existing infrastructure in some parts of Kenya means that providing toilets or a treatment system wouldn't make much of a difference; both must exist to effect systemic change.So instead of providing one component of the waste-treatment business, Sanivation operates an end-to-end service. It installs private, container-based toilets in homes, and they are maintained for a $7 monthly fee. The waste collected from the toilets is taken to a processing plant, where it's turned into fuel briquettes that work as an alternative to charcoal. This full-circle model takes a necessary system and elevates it into something sustainable and useful."People always joke that we're running not one business but 10 businesses," Woods says. "As a startup, it's complicated, it's logistically difficult. But we haven't found anyone to reliably source any one component of this to. Right now, if we want it done right, we have to do it ourselves."<h2>Getting toilets into homes</h2>The concept of in-home toilets was a hard sell to locals, much less an entire system."How do you market something that people feel uncomfortable talking about?" Woods says.In Naivasha, where outdoor pit latrines are the norm, the mention of an in-home toilet led many to immediately picture an open latrine inside their home - not a preferable alternative to the outdoor version. So Sanivation branded their version as "blue boxes" to dispel the negative connotations potential people had with the word "toilet."<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Courtesy of SanivationBurning briquettes.</div></div></div>On top of that, Sanivation had to convince clients, many of whom can't count on a steady monthly paycheck, that paying the monthly fee for the toilet was a worthwhile expense.Training customer-service representatives and maintaining communication with clients proved to be another challenge, especially once the team realized that many homes in Naivasha don't have addresses. Undeterred, they developed an address system themselves.In the end, these bumps in the road, and a host of others, helped Sanivation improve its product. The company thrives on client feedback, constantly seeking constructive criticism directly from their customers."If we're not doing a good job, our client is not going to pay the next month," Foote explains. "By being beholden to our clients and delivering quality services to them, we always learn that keeping good, open communication channels is really important."<h2>From feces to fuel: how it works </h2>No existing toilet system meant that no existing treatment plant existed in Naivasha, so Sanivation designed and built one from the ground up. Led by Woods as CTO, the team developed a parabolic mirror treatment system themselves, harnessing the natural energy from the sun to heat up waste and kill germs.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Courtesy of SanivationManufacturing briquettes.</div></div></div>Sanivation combines two waste streams in a metal bucket - human excrement and carbonized agricultural biomass waste, which comes from things like sugarcane gas, corn cobs, rose farms, and rice husks - and heats it to a temperature that neutralizes harmful pathogens and allows the waste to be transformed into a briquette of fuel.The briquettes have been a hit with local businesses, which purchase them directly from the Sanivation team."Our charcoal briquettes outperform traditional charcoal," Foote says. "So we're actually selling them at a higher price than traditional charcoal per kilogram, and we're saving our clients money because they burn longer and have less smoke."Sanivation sells 7,000 kilograms, or 15,400 pounds, of the alternative fuel each month and consistently empties its stock."We need more poop to be able to keep up with demand," Woods says.The entire treatment process demonstrates a core aspect of Sanivation's business model: relentless innovation. With no outside infrastructure to rely on, Woods and Foote must adapt and change almost daily to meet needs and advance their mission.<h2>Looking to the future</h2>Going forward, Sanivation's biggest goal is also its biggest hurdle: scaling the company.Sanivation operates 100 toilets in Naivasha and plans to expand to more than 500 by the end of 2016. The company is also working with refugee camps to build customized systems and train residents to operate them on their own.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Courtesy of SanivationSanivation cofounder Foote explains the blue box toilets.</div></div></div>Though a few other businesses are attempting similar container-based sanitation systems, none have reached a large scale yet, which leaves the space open for innovation and growth.Woods says the company is going to have to change to be able to reach the scale it wants.Sanivation may still be small, but it's already affecting people's lives. Foote recalls an older customer coming up to him one day and bending over with her hands pressed together in a salute of gratitude."You could just see that the toilet had so much more impact than as a public-health thing," he says. "This lady typically had to squat over some feces and urine-laced slab, and now she had a nice, comfortable way to go to the bathroom. And she was so thankful for that."

This sanitation startup in Kenya turns poop into a sustainable source of fuel

Why fears of a Bernie Sanders nomination obliterating Democrats' control of the House are overblown

There's a lot to be learned from a person's Google searches.&#xa0;
Real estate <a href="http://blog.estately.com/2014/12/heres-what-each-state-googled-more-than-any-other-state-in-2014/">listings site Estately</a> looked at Google Trends data to determine what people, stories, and controversies residents of each state cared about most.
The map they compiled using the data shows not what each state searched for the most overall, but what they Googled more than any other state.
While New Yorkers were wondering what a selfie is, Californians and Nevadans took to Google for more information on bitcoin. The protests in Ferguson were a major interest for &#xa0;people in Missouri, and Malala Yousafzai had some big fans in Connecticut.

Here's the complete list of <a href="http://blog.estately.com/2014/12/heres-what-each-state-googled-more-than-any-other-state-in-2014/">what Estately found</a> during their analysis.&#xa0;
ALABAMA: Jameis Winston
ALASKA: Malaysian Airlines Flight 370 (tied w/ Wyoming), How to DIY, 4chan, legalize marijuana, domestic violence
ARIZONA: &#xa0;Mexico-United States Border, "Wilfred"
ARKANSAS: &#xa0;Mike Huckabee, "Dancing with the Stars"
CALIFORNIA: FIFA 2014 World Cup, Malaysian Airlines, Kim Kardashian, Iggy Azalea, Donald Sterling, Renee Zellweger, Tom Perkins, Joe the Plumber, Jamie Dornan, Steve McQueen, Charles Manson, James McAvoy, Ellen Page, James Franco Instagram, How to get rid of acne?, What is BB cream?, How to minimize pores?, How to shape eyebrows?, Nexus 6, iPad 3, Bitcoin, Kate Middleton butt, Chia seed, Uber
COLORADO: Marijuana
DELAWARE:&#xa0;&#xa0;(nothing)
FLORIDA: &#xa0;Michael Sam kiss, Michael Douglas, John Travolta, Carmen Carrera, Obamacare, Jeb Bush&#xa0;
GEORGIA: Kerry Washington, Ruby Dee, Michael Sam boyfriend, "Here Comes Honey Boo Boo," Center for Disease Control, "The Arsenio Hall Show"
HAWAII: &#xa0;Robin Williams, Jennifer Lawrence, Joan Rivers, Melanie Griffith, Jan Hooks, Theo James, Kate Upton leaked, A.L.S. Ice Bucket Challenge, I.S.I.S, Hello Kitty, iPhone 6, Apple Watch
IDAHO: How to craft, Bowe Bergdahl
ILLINOIS: &#xa0;Harold Ramis, Jenny McCarthy
INDIANA: Tony Stewart, &#xa0;Shirley Temple, Ann B. Davis, "Two and a Half Men," "Community"
IOWA: Flappy Bird, Richard Dawkins
KANSAS: (nothing)
KENTUCKY: &#xa0;What is A.L.S.?, &#xa0;"Sons of Anarchy," Betty White dead?, Billy Gilman
LOUISIANA: "True Blood," Laurence Fishburne
MAINE: "Between Two Ferns," Affordable Care Act
MARYLAND: Pharrell Williams hat, Ray Rice, Roger Goodell, Chelsea Manning, Piers Morgan, Paula Patton, Executive order, Bill Cosby
MASSACHUSETTS: &#xa0;Kate Middleton, Scottish referendum, Scottish independence, "True Detective," "The Good Wife," "The Newsroom," Patton Oswalt, Ira Glass, Tom Magliozzi, Jonathan Gruber, Bill Simmons, "Serial," "The Imitation Game," Emma Watson UN speech
MICHIGAN: Macualay Culkin dead, Kate Upton photos, Ted Nugent, George Will, Mary T. Barra
MINNESOTA: Joan Rivers death, Adrian Peterson, "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson"
MISSISSIPPI: Flappy Bird cheat, Ciara, Ciara baby, Ciara pregnant, Cee Lo Green, Robin Thicke, Raven-Symone, The Ultimate Warrior
MISSOURI: &#xa0;Ferguson, Casey Kasem
MONTANA: &#xa0;National Rife Association
NEBRASKA: &#xa0;Keystone Pipeline
NEVADA: &#xa0;Mila Kunis pregnant, Bitcoin price, What is Bitcoin?, Cliven Bundy, Bill O'Reilly, Jose Canseco, Mickey Rooney
NEW HAMPSHIRE: &#xa0;Hilary Clinton, Bode Miller, net neutrality, "Philomena"
NEW JERSEY: &#xa0;Tracy Morgan, Ansel Elgort, Alfonso Ribeiro, Idina Menzel, Kim Novak, Tim Howard, Oscar Pistorious trial, Bridgegate, War on women, Immigration reform, Frozen costume
NEW MEXICO: &#xa0;Zombies, LG G3 phone
NEW YORK: &#xa0;Philip Seymour Hoffman, Peaches Geldof, Lauren Bacall, Terry Richardson, Jared Leto, Macaulay Culkin, Margot Robbie, Kerry Washington, Laverne Cox, Donald Trump, Drake, Leslie Jones, Conchita Wurst, "Girls," Samsung Galaxy S5, How to apply foundation?, Gaza and Israel, What's a selfie?
NORTH CAROLINA: &#xa0;Maya Angelou, The Benham Brothers, What is transgender?
NORTH DAKOTA: &#xa0;Jay Leno, U.S. National Hockey Team, Kaley Cuoco, "Dumb and Dumber To"
OKLAHOMA: &#xa0;Ebola, Ebola Symptoms, I.S.I.L, Jennifer Lawrence photos, Renee Zellweger, Betty White, Lea Thompson, Tommy Chong, Mila Kunis baby, Carrie Underwood, Carrie Underwood pregnant, Benghazi, Hobby Lobby, Selfie, Sarah Goldberg, James Garner, Chelsea Handler, Kim Kardashian butt, What is a switch?
OREGON: &#xa0;Ukraine, Motorola Moto G, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Avril Lavigne, Syria news
PENNSYLVANIA: &#xa0;Macaulay Culkin dead?, 2016, 2016 Presidential election, marriage equality, "The Millers"
RHODE ISLAND: &#xa0;Woody Allen, Pope Francis, "The League"
SOUTH CAROLINA: &#xa0;Hazing
SOUTH DAKOTA: &#xa0;"The Dr. Oz Show"
TENNESSEE: &#xa0;Who is I.S.I.S.?, Kevin Sharp
TEXAS: &#xa0;Flappy Bird download, Johnny Manziel, Join I.S.I.S., Carrie Underwood baby, How to get rid of stretch marks?, James Avery, Are zombies real?, "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles"
UTAH: &#xa0;"Frozen," "Hunger Games: Mockingjay, Part 1," "How to Train Your Dragon ," "Captain America: The Winter Soldier," same sex marriage, Shailene Woodley, Glenn Beck, How to kiss?, Anita Sarkeesian, Emma Watson nude, "The Mentalist," "The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies"
VERMONT: &#xa0;Lena Dunham, Seth Rogen, Pete Seeger, Feminism, kale, 2014 Winter Games, climate change, "The Colbert Report," "The Grand Budapest Hotel," Amy Schumer
VIRGINIA: &#xa0;Tucker Carlson, Boko Haram, White House security, upskirt pics
WASHINGTON: &#xa0;Gamergate, marijuana store, Richard Sherman, Amanda Knox, Macklemore, minimum wage, rape culture, "Interstellar," school shooting, Amazon Fire phone, Rosetta Space Probe
WEST VIRGINIA: &#xa0;Maroon 5, Charles Manson, Brad Paisley
WISCONSIN: &#xa0;What is Tinder?, Pabst Blue Ribbon
WYOMING: &#xa0;Malaysian Airlines Flight 370 (tie with Alaska)

Here's What Each State Googled More Than Any Other State This Year

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A warmer world will change how we eat, how we travel, and where we live. What far fewer of us have considered is how dramatically climate change will alter the way we die.
Even after we adjust our lifestyles to accommodate a less hospitable planet, harsher conditions mean that far more of us can expect to develop mental illnesses, suffer from severe allergies, and contract infectious diseases. Many of us - our children or grandchildren - won't survive.
The BMJ <a href="http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g5945">urged the World Health Organization</a> this week to declare climate change a public health emergency. "Deaths from Ebola infection, tragic and frightening though they are, will pale into insignificance when compared with the mayhem we we can expect for our children and grandchildren if the world does nothing to check its carbon emissions," <a href="http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g5945">wrote BMJ editor Fiona Godlee in the editorial</a>.
Earlier this week, the BMJ <a href="http://press.psprings.co.uk/bmj/october/climateanalysis.pdf">published a paper</a> intended to educate doctors on the basic <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> of climate change, in an effort to prepare them to treat the worsening conflagration of conditions and diseases that will become far more common in a warmer world. The new dilemmas that don't kill us will still, in many cases, make daily life more uncomfortable, whether we are contending with <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1480488/">a longer</a> <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17195993">allergy season</a>, <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/28/climate-change-bad-expensive-coffee-ipcc">foods that are suddenly</a> <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/blue-marble/2014/08/climate-change-ruining-your-breakfast">out of reach</a>, or a host of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/effects-of-climate-change-2014-6">environmental catastrophes</a>.
But some of the most memorable effects of climate change will be the most personal, those that change not only how we live but how we die. These are some of the most surprising health challenges we'll face.
<h2>1. Anxiety and PTSD</h2>
In the days and weeks after a wildfire consumes your home or a flood destroys your neighborhood, it's common to experience temporary periods of anxiety, depression, and stress. Depending on the nature and severity of the disaster, however, those feelings can linger for years. In the past five decades, <a href="http://ipcc-wg2.gov/SREX/images/uploads/IPCC_SREX_fact_sheet.pdf">human-induced climate change has fueled</a> increases in the number of heavy rains, prolonged periods of excessively high temperatures, and in some regions, severe flooding and droughts. In the US, those changes <a href="http://ipcc-wg2.gov/SREX/images/uploads/IPCC_SREX_fact_sheet.pdf">have been felt</a> as heat waves, hurricanes, and heavy winter storms.
In 2006, a team of psychologists <a href="http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=482512">visited</a> thousands of victims of Hurricane Katrina - six months after the original event. They diagnosed nearly half of the residents they visited with a serious anxiety disorder. One in six, the doctors said, had post-traumatic stress disorder, and many suffered from both illnesses. Over time, these disorders can lead to suicidal thoughts and, in some cases, suicidal behaviors.
In the years after Hurricane Katrina, scientists assumed people would gradually recover and their symptoms would disappear (as is usually the case for natural disasters). But something strange happened. As time passed, more and more people showed signs of mental illness. More troubling still, more began to contemplate or attempt suicide.
In 2008, mental health workers returned to New Orleans. To their surprise, the number of people regularly contemplating suicide <a href="http://www.nature.com/mp/journal/v13/n4/full/4002119a.html">had risen significantly</a>, as had the number of people with diagnosable serious mental illness. Even in 2009, the number of suicides in New Orleans Parish <a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129482180">remained double</a> its pre-Katrina levels.
Because cases of mental illness and suicidal behavior increased in general in the years after the recession, which happened to coincide with the occurrence of Hurricane Katrina, it's impossible to pinpoint Katrina as the sole driving force behind the huge uptick in mental illness here. However, the pattern of increases in depression and anxiety after any severe natural disaster is well documented: The mental health infrastructure in Haiti <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335115/">nearly collapsed</a> in the wake of the 2012 earthquake there; Typhoon Haiyan, the <a href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140122-noaa-extreme-weather-2013-climate-change-drought/">strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded</a> to hit land, <a href="http://wfpusa.org/blog/post-typhoon-trauma-and-recovery-one-psychologists-experience-philippines">led to a spike</a> in incidences of post-traumatic stress disorder among victims in the Philippines; and the 2011 East African drought in Somalia, Kenya, and Ethiopia <a href="http://www.who.int/diseasecontrol_emergencies/publications/who_hse_gar_dce_2011_3.pdf">caused existing psychosocial support networks in the region to crumble</a>.
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<h2>2. Heat Stroke - but not for the reason you'd think</h2>
Having a psychiatric illness like depression can more than <a href="http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/11339/">triple</a> your risk of dying during a heat wave.
First, depression can make it harder to take the necessary steps to protect oneself from changes in the environment. People with depression already experience difficulties with <a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08964289.2012.708682#.VCxzsyldVg8">self-care</a>, such as staying hydrated, maintaining personal hygiene, and taking their medications consistently. High temperatures can make these activities especially taxing.
Worse still, people who take medications to treat mental illness are especially susceptible to heat stroke, a serious condition that results when the body overheats, because many mental health medications <a href="http://dwb.unl.edu/teacher/nsf/c01/c01links/www.science.mcmaster.ca/biology/4s03/thermoregulation.html:">interfere with our body's natural ability to regulate its temperature</a>. Antipsychotics like Abilify and Risperdone, for example, block brain cells from communicating with the body's thermostat, the hypothalamus. Anticholinergics, such as Cogentin and Enablex, inhibit sweating and make it easier to overheat.
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<h2 class="p2">3. Infectious Diseases</h2>
Increased heat will expand the range of pests carrying deadly disease. In the past few years, mosquitoes carrying malaria <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/06/us-malaria-climate-idUSBREA251V620140306">have already begun</a> creeping up mountains to recently-warmed, higher-altitude elevations, where they spread malaria to areas never previously exposed to the disease.
Since they've never been exposed before, people living in these areas will have zero protective immunity from the disease. As a result, malaria will be deadlier than ever.
In <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/">2013</a>, malaria infected more than 200 million people, killing about 630,000 (mostly in sub-Saharan Africa). Those numbers will likely rise quickly as areas close to the equator bear the brunt of the rise in heat.
Mosquitoes, which thrive in warmer climates, also carry diseases like <a href="http://www.oxitec.com/oxitec-video/dengue-fever-a-growing-problem/">dengue</a> and <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/">yellow fever</a>, which collectively kill more than 50,000 people each year. As temperatures rise, <a href="http://agadapt.ucdavis.edu/pestsdiseases/">more and more areas around the globe</a> will become increasingly hospitable to the pests.
Bacteria, too, will take advantage of their newly-welcoming habitats.
Vibrio cholerae, the comma-shaped bacteria responsible for cholera, prefers to nest in warm, coastal seawaters. As recently as last year, however, the bacteria were <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863721/">discovered</a> floating in usually cooler Baltic Sea that separates Central and Northern Europe. Cholera now <a href="http://www.who.int/topics/cholera/en/">kills between 100,000 and 130,000 people</a> worldwide each year, almost entirely in <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs107/en/">areas where there is a lack of clean water</a>. Warming waters means that the bacteria can live longer and spread to more locations. At one site in Bangladesh, cholera risk rose <a href="http://www.nsf.gov/news/speeches/colwell/rc040214aaascholera.htm" target="_blank" title="">two to four fold in the six weeks after a 9-degree Fahrenheit spike</a> in water temperature?.
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<h2>4. Starvation</h2>
Climate change is projected to drive down global food production by <a href="http://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/report/">2% every ten years</a>, even as the demand for food increases by 14%. Across Africa and South Asia - regions where much of the world's food is produced - yields of wheat, corn, and millet will fall nearly 10% by mid-century. As a result of this rocky imbalance, the price of rice and corn will skyrocket, likely <a href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1909928">doubling by 2050</a>.
With the <a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/4/044003/article">exception of a few</a>, the majority of the world's crops will be ravaged by the new pests and diseases that take advantage of warmer temperatures.
Water scarcity is another emerging threat. Severe droughts have already begun plaguing the west coast of the US. In Tulare County, just north of Sacramento, Calif., the board of supervisors has <a href="http://tularecounty.ca.gov/county/index.cfm/county-news/county-proclaims-local-emergency-due-to-drought/">declared a state of emergency</a>. People can't flush toilets, wash clothes, fill cups, or bathe <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/03/us/california-drought-tulare-county.html">without buckets of bottled water that are driven in</a> from elsewhere.
In other parts of the world, where crops that feed the rest of the globe depend on a steady stream of slowly-melting glacier water, water scarcity is an even more serious problem. The Himalayan glacier, for example, presently supplies 25% of the world's cereal crop. If it melts too quickly, however - as some estimates <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/climate-change-melting-glaciers-bring-energy-uncertainty-1.14031">suggest</a> it has already begun doing - it will become nearly <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02411.x/abstract">impossible</a> to meet the needs of a growing, hungrier planet.
<h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="WFP" title_caption="" class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/542d5ce46da811eb36701309-960/screen shot 2014-10-02 at 10.09.22 am.png"></a><a href="http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp229182.pdf">WFP</a></div></div></div></h3>
<h2>5. Respiratory Disorders</h2>
Ever wonder why smog always seems so much worse on a hot, sunny day? Your eyes aren't playing tricks on you. The chemical reactions that form <a href="http://www.epa.gov/groundlevelozone/health.html">ozone</a> - one of smog's main components - happen faster at higher temperatures.
The warmer it is outside, the more ozone gums up the air. Ozone doesn't just dirty the horizon, though. The toxin also exacerbates a host of respiratory conditions (from asthma to bronchitis and emphysema) by irritating the delicate tissue lining the lungs.
In recent years in some parts of the US, ground-level ozone has reached <a href="http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/7/7/2866">dangerous levels</a>. Overall, though, the US is a partial success story for the pollutant: Ozone levels <a href="http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/ozone.html">started to decline</a> for the first time here in the 1980s.
Ozone levels are still on the rise in <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL060930/abstract">other parts of the world</a>, however, leading to more complications and even deaths from respiratory conditions that could have previously been treated. In India, levels of the pollutant were so high in 2014 that <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL060930/abstract">scientists estimated it killed enough crops</a> to feed close to 100 million people in poverty.
Already, 43 million Americans live in <a href="http://www.epa.gov/airquality/greenbook/popexp.html">counties that exceed the EPA's health standards</a> for a certain type of pollution produced by burning fossil fuels called particulate matter.
<a href="http://www.epa.gov/pm/">Particulate matter</a> consists of tiny particles so small that <a href="http://www.epa.gov/pm/graphics/pm2_5_graphic.jpg">several thousand could fit</a> on the period at the end of this sentence. The particles travel deep into the lungs, where they make breathing difficult, and irritate the eyes, nose, and throat. Particulates also damage blood vessels, <a href="http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/121-a282/">worsening heart disease</a>. Even short-term exposure to particulate matter has been <a href="http://www.baaqmd.gov/Divisions/Planning-and-Research/Particulate-Matter.aspx">linked</a> with heart attack, decreased lung function, and premature death.
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