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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Plant-based diets are popular for longevity, and there's good science backing the strategy.</li><li>But a new study suggests being 100% vegetarian may not be best for aging brains.</li></ul>In Loma Linda, California, there's a group of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/loma-linda-blue-zone-longevity-secrets-of-seventh-day-adventists-2023-11">Seventh-Day Adventists who tend to live and thrive</a> for up to 10 extra years beyond their fellow Americans. Not all of them <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/woman-celebrating-100-shares-her-tricks-for-longevity-salad-faith-2024-8">make it to 100</a>, but they do tend to enjoy relatively good health for longer than most people in the US. That's why it's known as a "<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/blue-zone-location-common-factors-traits-diet-lifestyle-2023-8">Blue Zone</a>."A big part of the winning Adventist strategy seems to be the food. Adventists prioritize plants in their diet like <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-improve-longevity-supplements-vs-exercise-and-diet-2024-3">beans, vegetables, and whole grains</a>, and generally don't eat a ton of meat or junk food.But a new study of more than 88,000 of Adventists across North America adds a caveat. The new research suggests that while vegetarian diets are generally good for a person's overall health, they may not be the best deal for an aging brain."Even though the vegetarian diet is doing a lot of good things, once it delivers people up into their 80s, it looks like some improvement is possible," Gary Fraser, an Adventist cardiologist and public health researcher who lives in Loma Linda, told Business Insider. "It may not be the meat of course, but it just could be."Fraser's new <a target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S000291652400652X">study</a> showed that vegetarian Adventists living into their 80s and beyond suffered slightly higher rates of strokes, dementia, and Parkinson's disease than other Adventists who ate some meat.He has developed a two-part weekly plan for his own brain health based on his own research. It includes one daily supplement and one repeat menu item.<h2 id="c9cfc248-40a6-4359-b1db-e2f2e8b33c74">Being vegetarian is good for you in your early years</h2><div type="image" title="chickpea salad" height="2889" width="4333" msid="113604499" hostid="261" sizebytes="822814"></div>Vegetarian and vegan diets — especially bean- and whole grain-forward ones — are great at lowering the risks of life-threatening illnesses."We are kind of used to the vegetarians doing well at everything," Fraser said. "We have very good evidence that, generally speaking, vegetarian diets are very good at preventing a substantial number of what we might call 'premature deaths' in the 50s, 60s, maybe early 70s."Even in old age, a good <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/loma-linda-blue-zone-lifestyle-habits-heart-health-inflammation-2023-10">anti-inflammatory</a> vegetarian diet can lower the odds of renal failure, infectious disease, type 2 diabetes, or heart disease, Fraser's latest study found.So eating ultra-processed red meat or poultry every single day isn't a longevity solution. <a target="_blank" href="https://aaic.alz.org/releases-2024/processed-red-meat-raises-risk-of-dementia.asp">Research suggests</a> that for most of us, the reverse is true: swapping a few portions of bacon here and there or regular hot dogs for some beans and whole grains would boost our cognitive health.Fraser suspects that what's going on with the aging brain and meat consumption data may come down, at least in part, to an absorption issue. As we age, our body becomes less efficient at turning essential nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids from nuts or oil that we consume into the brain food we need to thrive."The lack of the long chain omega-3s in the very elderly may be part of the problem," he hypothesized.This doesn't mean that the average meat-eater's diet is a boon for brain health. Fraser's team only studied Adventists, people who (generally speaking) have a healthier, more nutrient-dense diet than most people.Overall, it's still hard to argue with the existing body of evidence suggesting that leaning into more vegetarian items including <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-salad-greens-are-good-for-brain-health-aging-2024-7">leafy greens</a>, lots of colorful vegetables, and a generous dollop of olive oil, is all <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/foods-that-boost-brain-health-neuro-nine-list-plants-2024-7">great for brain health</a>, and certainly better than what researchers refer to as the SAD "standard American diet," which is high in ultra-processed cakes, snacks, and sugary beverages, but <a target="_blank" href="https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/micronutrient-inadequacies/overview">low in nutrition</a>.<h2 id="3ce4e939-e0dc-48de-bf43-3e7cf1e6d6ee">This doctor's winning weekly routine includes fish and one supplement — the same pill longevity fiends love</h2><div type="image" title="Vitamin D supplements" height="1414" width="2121" msid="113604497" hostid="261" sizebytes="65494"></div>At home in California, Fraser, a practicing Adventist in his late 70s, follows a fairly straightforward weekly routine. It doesn't tend to include much of any red meat <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/blue-zone-doctor-loma-linda-california-diet-milk-cheese-2023-9">or milk</a>, but there are two core components he points to that are aimed at preserving brain health.First, there is the fish. Fraser recommends aiming for around two meals a week that include some kind of fatty fish, with plenty of omega-3s in it. His personal favorite?"Salmon is the one I like the best," he said. But sardines, herring, anchovies, and trout are also <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.seafoodnutrition.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/New-Omega-3-Seafood-Chart.pdf">nice choices</a>.Salmon is a great source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for keeping our brains healthy. Previous research has already suggested there are strong connections between omega-3 consumption and better cognition. One <a target="_blank" href="https://news.uthscsa.edu/study-links-omega-3s-to-improved-brain-structure-cognition-at-midlife/">2022 study</a> found that middle-aged adults who consume omega-3s regularly tend to have better abstract reasoning and that the areas of their brain responsible for learning and memory are physically bigger.Fatty fish, meat, and eggs are also rich in the nutrient choline. Choline keeps our cells healthy, and helps with memory, mood, and overall brain function. While there is a <a target="_blank" href="https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Choline-HealthProfessional/">good dose</a> of it in soybeans and potatoes, it tends to be most abundant in meatier items like chicken, beef, eggs, and fish."Choline is another very important chemical in brain tissues," he said. "And again, vegetarians don't get much of that."In addition to the regular fish portions, Fraser also takes a whopping 4000-5000 IUs of vitamin D per day — more than five times the daily <a target="_blank" href="https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-Consumer/">recommended</a> dose for his age group (800 IU). Many other longevity physicians and public health experts, including Dr. Anthony Fauci, also say they <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vitamin-d-and-longevity-anti-aging-2023-9">pop big doses of vitamin D</a>. Fraser says he feels comfortable with such a colossal dose because he knows that our ability to absorb vitamin D from the sun wanes with age. Plus, in addition to being good for bone health, there is <a target="_blank" href="https://tellus.ars.usda.gov/stories/articles/consumption-vitamins-d-and-k-may-keep-memory-diseases-away">some evidence</a> that vitamin D is good for preserving brain function.But Fraser says generally speaking, people under 70 don't need to worry so much about all this. As we age, the way the body works and absorbs nutrients changes.It's still not totally clear why, but Fraser says: "by the time you reach the age of let's say 75 or so, you'd be wise to add some fish until we know better."

What a Blue Zone heart doctor eats every week for brain health — including 1 supplement

In humanity's relentless quest to find <keyword id="21578132" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="life-beyond-Earth" source="keywords">life beyond Earth</keyword>, the key lies in discovering a world capable of hosting water. Excitingly, scientists may have pinpointed a <keyword id="46100" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="planet" source="Orion">planet</keyword> beyond our solar system that harbours vast oceans of this life-sustaining liquid! While thousands of exoplanets (worlds outside our solar system) have been identified so far, only a rare few lie within the ‘<keyword id="22426573" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Goldilocks-zone" source="keywords">Goldilocks zone</keyword>’—an area neither too hot, nor too cold, and thereby perfect to allow <keyword id="19997618" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="liquid-water" source="keywords">liquid water</keyword> to exist. Among these, <keyword id="22376712" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="LHS-1140-b" source="keywords">LHS 1140 b</keyword> stands out. Since its discovery in 2017, it has been subject to extensive examination. Located 48 light years (about 450 trillion kilometres) away from Earth, LHS 1140 b is relatively nearby in astronomical terms. This <keyword id="20349430" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="exoplanet" source="keywords">exoplanet</keyword> is 1.7 times larger than Earth and boasts 5.6 times its mass. Originally, scientists classified LHS 1140 b as a "mini-Neptune," a small gas giant with an atmosphere too thick in hydrogen and helium to support life. However, recent observations from the <keyword id="19899749" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="James-Webb-Space-Telescope" source="keywords">James Webb Space Telescope</keyword> (JWST) have revealed a surprising truth: LHS 1140 b is a rocky "super-Earth," altering our understanding of its potential to support life. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="The most promising ocean world candidate" comment="subhead" text="The most promising ocean world candidate">The most promising <keyword id="22426572" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="ocean-world" source="keywords">ocean world</keyword> candidate</cmsannotation> The <keyword id="20951574" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Webb-telescope" source="keywords">Webb telescope</keyword> recently achieved a breakthrough by analysing the planet's atmosphere during its transit across its star. The absence of hydrogen and helium signatures led to the conclusion that the planet is not a mini-Neptune. Instead, the planet's density suggests it houses large quantities of water, as per study co-author Martin Turbet from France's CNRS research centre. Lead study author Charles Cadieux, a PhD student at the University of Montreal, remarked that among all known temperate exoplanets, LHS 1140 b is possibly the most promising candidate for confirming liquid water on the surface of an alien world. Approximately 10 to 20 percent of the exoplanet's mass is estimated to be water. In stark contrast, Earth's oceans account for a mere 0.02 percent of its mass. The state of this water, whether liquid or ice, hinges on the planet's atmospheric composition, with gases like carbon dioxide playing a crucial role. One encouraging factor is the planet's gentle warming by its red dwarf star, which is only one-fifth the size of our Sun. This stellar relationship suggests that the exoplanet's surface temperature is likely comparable to that of Earth and Mars. One hypothesis is that the planet's surface is predominantly ice, but with a substantial liquid ocean in areas most exposed to the star's heat. This ocean could span approximately 4,000 kilometres in diameter, covering about half the surface area of the Atlantic Ocean, according to models. Alternatively, the liquid water might be concealed beneath a thick ice shell, similar to the icy moons orbiting Jupiter and Saturn. Webb's instruments have detected indications of “the presence of nitrogen,” Cadieux noted, emphasising that further research is required to confirm this finding. Nitrogen, ubiquitous on Earth, is considered another potential life-supporting ingredient. The researchers aim to secure additional observation time with the Webb telescope to gather more data on LHS 1140 b. They estimate it will take at least a year to determine whether the exoplanet has an atmosphere, and an additional two to three years to detect the presence of carbon dioxide. The study was recently published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters and can be accessed <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15136" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">here</a>.

Using the Webb telescope, scientists may have found the ‘best bet’ for an ocean world outside our solar system!

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Kamala Harris says she wants to 'cut red tape' to boost the housing supply and reduce costs.</li><li>There's new evidence out of Zurich that reducing restrictions on housing construction boosts supply.</li></ul>As part of her housing policy agenda, Democratic presidential nominee Kamala Harris has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-kamala-harris-plans-to-build-3-million-new-homes-2024-8">promised to</a> "cut red tape and needless bureaucracy" to build millions of additional homes and bring down costs.Economists and urban planners say that to make housing more abundant and affordable, we need to loosen zoning regulations in many neighborhoods and legalize the construction of denser, taller housing, such as duplexes, townhomes, and apartment buildings.A few countries have already figured out how to do that.Zurich, Switzerland offers the latest model. As a small, mountainous country with limited buildable land and high demand, Switzerland has long been sensitive to urban sprawl. Starting in the mid-1990s, Swiss citizens voted to densify various parts of the Canton of Zurich, one of the country's 26 states and home to its biggest city.<div type="image" title="Apartment buildings are pictured behind farm houses in Affoltern, just outside Zürich." height="837" width="1280" msid="113149723" hostid="261" sizebytes="224202"></div>The canton didn't uniformly alter its zoning laws. The citizens of each municipality voted on various proposals to "upzone" or allow more housing units by loosening zoning restrictions. The process was slow and staggered, and the average upzoning was quite incremental — think of a home with three floors that can add one extra floor. Much of the rezoning took place in neighborhoods surrounding Zurich's medieval city center, which is protected by historic preservation.Twenty-five years into this process, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094119024000597#sec2">a new study by Swiss researchers</a> has found that upzoning boosted living space and housing units by a significant amount — about 9% in the subsequent five to 10 years — while keeping rent growth under control. The study found that areas that were hungriest for new housing were the most responsive to the policy changes. Areas with high demand, evidenced by high rents and home prices and already constrained by limits on housing, saw the most new construction. And the more density allowed, the more impactful the effect.One of the study's key findings is, "if you upzone, upzone a lot," said Simon Büchler, coauthor of the study and an assistant professor of finance at Miami University. "Give people the incentive to build."It provides more evidence that supply and demand can be harnessed to keep housing prices in check. Another example comes from New Zealand, where Auckland's upzoning measures legalizing the construction of medium-density housing <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/america-lower-rents-home-prices-build-more-houses-new-zealand-2023-8">slowed down skyrocketing housing costs</a>. And <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w29440/w29440.pdf">a study of São Paulo's upzoning</a> found similarly positive impacts.Zurich shows that upzoning is necessary but not sufficient. Allowing for more housing boosts affordability, but it takes time. There are a slew of other necessary fixes to bring housing costs down — from building-code changes to long-term expansion of services, infrastructure, and amenities."People think they're going to upzone and they're going to solve the affordability crisis in a couple of years. They're wrong," Büchler said. "This is a long-term solution, but it is a solution that's necessary and that works."<div type="image" title="Homes in the town of Küsnacht on the banks of Lake Zurich in Switzerland." height="696" width="1280" msid="113149727" hostid="261" sizebytes="131134"></div><h2 id="8d4a990d-dceb-46a3-a92c-5f7d590f5db3">Knee-capping NIMBYism</h2>There are a few elements of Swiss law and society that make parts of the country more welcoming to development and resistant to NIMBYism, or "Not In My Backyard" anti-development sentiment, that cripples so much new construction in the US.Unlike most American cities, Zurich is a society of renters rather than homeowners. More than 70% of households are tenants. While property owners are incentivized to oppose additional housing in their neighborhoods that would boost supply and depress their home values, renters tend to be much more supportive of development that keeps rents affordable.It also helps that European cities are generally more accomodating of higher-density living. A whopping <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ft.com/content/dca3f034-bfe8-4f21-bcdc-2b274053f0b5">64% of Swiss residents live in apartments</a>, compared to just 28% of US residents, and the country also has an especially comprehensive and well-connected public transportation network. While Zurich's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.zh.ch/de/soziales/bevoelkerungszahlen.html?keyword=einwohner#/home">population has grown significantly</a> over the last quarter century, European cities tend to have more restrictive immigration laws than their counterparts in Canada, the US, and New Zealand."This evidence from Europe is important as it shows that upzoning can increase supply even in places where density is relatively more common and accepted, and overseas migration is less of a factor," Matthew Maltman, an Australian economist who's closely studied New Zealand's housing reforms, told Business Insider.There's also a lot of certainty around how regulations function in Zurich, as opposed to in the US or New Zealand, which include more veto points in the building process, Maltman said. While developers can't apply to local authorities to bypass zoning regulations, local residents also can't lobby to stop a project from happening if it abides by the rules.At the government level, municipalities are incentivized to welcome new residents because they disproportionately rely on income taxes for revenue, Büchler noted. Property taxes in Switzerland are very low, so the more density a city or town allows, the more income tax they can collect.Büchler plans to investigate how rent changes in Zurich compare with other parts of Switzerland to get a better sense of the price impacts of upzoning. Ideally, deregulating zoning would bring prices down. But Büchler considers it a win that rents were unchanged in Zurich, when adjusted for housing quality, even as the canton's population and demand for housing grew. "It doesn't mean that upzoning didn't help. What it means is that without the upzoning, we would have seen even more rent increases than what we've seen," he said.Zurich's example is crucial in informing policy change in places like the US because real-world evidence of the effects of upzoning can help convince governments and voters to act."Economists have argued the case for zoning reform based upon other evidence — usually based upon economic theory or sophisticated economic models," Maltman said. "It can be easier to sell the public on place X implemented policy Y and it had Z effect."

A Swiss city cut red tape and ended up with many more homes. It's a model for the US.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The US Navy's counter-Houthi mission has been described as its most intense combat since World War II.</li><li>The captain of a destroyer that deployed to the Red Sea said it surpasses the dangerous Tanker War.</li></ul>The US Navy has spent months battling Houthi missiles and drones threatening warships and civilian vessels alike in a high-tempo operating environment that has been described as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://apnews.com/article/us-navy-yemen-houthis-israel-war-7a9997f9d84ac669fae69ecf819913fb">the most intense combat</a> the sea service has seen in nearly eight decades.One American warship very familiar with the Houthi threat is the destroyer USS Mason, which just returned to its homeport after a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-warship-saved-tanker-crew-pirate-attack-under-missile-threat-2024-7">restless, monthslong deployment</a> protecting key shipping lanes in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.The Mason's crew, like those of other ships of the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-carrier-strike-group-fighting-houthis-fired-hundreds-munitions-2024-5">Dwight D. Eisenhower Carrier Strike Group</a> that left the region a few weeks ago, has been deeply involved in the counter-Houthi mission, and they have <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-warship-red-sea-battle-houthis-helped-navy-prepare-2024-7">scored intercepts</a> against threats like one-way attack drones and anti-ship ballistic missiles. They also "escorted and saved" more than two dozen merchant vessels as they navigated dangerous waters, the Navy <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/3825345/uss-mason-returns-to-mayport-from-combat-deployment/">said this month</a>.Cmdr. Justin Smith, the Mason's commanding officer, told Business Insider in a recent interview that the deployment was "highly successful," noting that it involved "unprecedented sustained combat operations" that have been "unmatched since World War II.""I am extremely proud of my crew's performance and the resiliency throughout the entire deployment," he added.<h2 id="ae7cfc1c-ea6f-43eb-87e4-8d6cb377c4a3">Different threat environments</h2>The Navy has seen plenty of combat since 1945 — including Korea, Vietnam, and conflicts in the Middle East — but much of it was power projection ashore rather than intense combat at sea between ships and even fleets as WWII had seen. One rare exception to this was the Tanker War that was a part of the larger Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s.<div type="image" title="USS Mason sails in the Gulf of Aden Nov. 25, 2023." height="3573" width="5359" msid="111886923" hostid="261"></div>The Tanker War, the spillover from their brutal land war, saw several years of Iranian and Iraqi attacks on merchant vessels in the Persian Gulf. US warships eventually deployed to the region from 1987 to 1988 <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/operation-praying-mantis-risks-of-us-iran-conflict-persian-gulf-2023-8">to provide escort</a> for Kuwaiti tankers reflagged as American vessels that Tehran had been targeting, an operation that has similarities with the US-led task force trying to defend merchants from Houthi attacks.The American warships faced a difficult threat environment that consisted of mines and also anti-ship missiles. One such missile that was fired by an Iraqi fighter jet hit the frigate USS Stark, killing more than three dozen Navy personnel. Iraq called it an accident as the Iranians celebrated; the US cut off ties with Iran in 1980 after its revolution and provided some support to Iraq during the conflict.The Tehran-backed Houthis have fired anti-ship cruise missiles in their ongoing campaign just like Iran did during the conflict in the 1980s. But the rebels have introduced other weapons as well. The group became the first group to use <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-learning-battles-houthi-anti-ship-ballistic-missiles-commanders-2024-2">anti-ship ballistic missiles</a> in combat and have routinely fired these weapons into the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. One attack on a merchant vessel <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/houthis-fatal-anti-ship-ballistic-missile-attack-2024-3">killed several civilians</a>.The commanding officer of another destroyer deployed to the Red Sea, USS Carney, described anti-ship ballistic missiles to BI as a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-warships-fight-missiles-new-combat-faster-other-threats-2024-5">challenging threat</a> because they're so fast and dynamic. In this conflict, the US Navy scored <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-learning-battles-houthi-anti-ship-ballistic-missiles-commanders-2024-2">the first successful interceptions</a> of ballistic missiles fired towards ships.Smith, the Mason captain, said the Navy is facing a different operating environment in the Red Sea than it did in the Persian Gulf back in the 1980s.<div type="image" title="The USS Dwight D. Eisenhower conducts flight operations in the Red Sea on Feb. 23." height="2976" width="4464" msid="111886927" hostid="261"></div>"You are facing higher-end threats, you are facing being inside of a weapons engagement zone for days and months at a time," Smith said.One Navy sailor who served in the combat-information center on the destroyer USS Gravely during its deployment told BI that the crew <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sailors-us-navy-gravely-destroyer-have-seconds-respond-houthi-missiles-2024-2">might only have seconds to respond</a> to an incoming missile depending on its speed.The Houthis are an unpredictable enemy, and missile launches can happen at any moment. In this environment, sailors have had to maintain a high-readiness state around the clock as they scanned radar and other sensors for signs of incoming attacks.Beyond anti-ship missiles, the Houthis have also demonstrated their effectiveness at using <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/houthis-getting-smarter-red-sea-attacks-ships-paying-the-price-2024-6">drone boats packed with explosives</a> to strike merchant vessels. These vessels are largely defenseless, unlike the US warships in the area, which so far haven't been hit despite some close calls."I think the difference between the Tanker War and what we are doing in the Red Sea is that longer, enduring threat and the ability to be inside of a larger area — always having that risk of being targeted or having an engagement that's going to have to take place," Smith said."The challenges — from detection and the sustainment, and the watch teams and the readiness — is a lot higher," he said. "And that's why I compare that more so to World War II than, I'd say, even outpacing what was seen during the Tanker War."<h2 id="9f094dbc-b006-4bbb-82f5-0b0463276f84">Intense air-defense battles</h2>Archer Macy, a retired Navy admiral who served on the amphibious transport dock USS La Salle during the Tanker War, emphasized the high level of readiness required of the American warships in the Red Sea.<div type="image" title="FILE - This Sept. 21, 1987 file photo shows mines aboard the Iranian ship Iran Ajr being inspected by a boarding party from the USS Lasalle in the Persian Gulf. Mysterious attacks on oil tankers near the strategic Strait of Hormuz show how susceptible one of the world's crucial chokepoints for global energy supplies remains, 30 years after the U.S. Navy and Iran found themselves entangled a similarly shadowy conflict. (AP Photo/Mark Duncan, File)" height="2069" width="3000" msid="111886920" hostid="261"></div>"They have to be ready to shoot on a moment's notice," Macy, now a senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Missile Defense Project, explained. "It's a very high state of readiness, and you have to maintain it."Specifically from the perspective of the almost non-stop air-defense engagements, the Red Sea fight has definitely been more intense than anything the US Navy has seen since World War II, including the Tanker War, he said.The Second World War was much more intense given the fleets that were facing off. "What the guys were facing in World War II off of Okinawa with the Kamikazes was a lot more than we have faced in the Gulf," Macy said.The same can't necessarily be said about air combat or sea operations, though. The Tanker War, for example, included <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/operation-praying-mantis-shows-destruction-of-potential-us-iran-war-2021-4">a sea battle</a> in which the US Navy sank three Iranian vessels and damaged five more in what was its largest naval action since WWII.US aircraft have <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-us-navy-aircraft-carrier-tactics-shift-houthi-missiles-drones-2024-2">carried out a number of strikes</a> inside Yemen, targeting rebel facilities, radar sites, weapons, and other assets. But they have done so relatively uncontested and at a slower pace than what was seen during the Vietnam War, where naval aviators flew intense bombing campaigns under the threat of Soviet-made surface-to-air defenses."Certainly, it's the most intense air-defense challenge we've encountered in a long time," Macy said of the Red Sea fight. But, he added, "it does not match up to World War II."

Destroyer captain says the US Navy's Red Sea fight is more intense than even the Tanker War in the 1980s

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Lentil soup was a staple in my household growing up, and is one of my favorite soups.</li><li>Lentil soup is also popular in Blue Zones, areas of the world where people live longer.</li></ul>Growing up, my family ate lentil soup at least once a week for dinner — if not more. My sister and I would lament "not lentil soup again!"But when I went to college and actually had to cook for myself, suddenly I craved lentil soup. It's been one of my go-to meals ever since.So I was excited to find out that lentil soup is a food that could actually help me live longer, according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/blue-zones-diet-is-high-carb-healthy-for-longevity-2020-1">longevity researcher</a> Dan Buettner. With all the lentil soup I've eaten in my life, I should live to be very, very old.Lentils are apparently a common food in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/category/blue-zones">Blue Zones</a>, areas in the world where residents routinely live longer than average. Though there are several Blue Zones around the globe, people in Blue Zones tend to eat a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/eat-more-carbs-less-meat-live-longer-blue-zones-diet-2022-12">similar diet</a> that is high in complex carbohydrates and vegetables, and low in meat.According to the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bluezones.com/recipe/easy-lentil-soup/">Blue Zones</a> website, lentils are popular in many Blue Zones cultures, and for good reason — they're cheap, readily available, and healthy. One cup of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/photos-blue-zone-grocery-store-healthy-eating-easy-and-cheap-2023-10#i-tried-the-markets-popular-lentil-soup-and-was-pleasantly-surprised-at-how-well-1-small-container-sustained-me-through-the-day-8">cooked lentils</a> has about 18 grams of protein, plus they're loaded with fiber, antioxidants, and iron.I switched up my usual lentil soup recipe for a Blue Zone-approved recipe to see how it compared. The recipe is from Buettner's cookbook "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bluezones.com/2015/04/the-blue-zones-solution-secrets-of-the-worlds-healthiest-people-9-questions-for-dan-buettner/">The Blue Zones Solution: Eating and LIving Like the World's Healthiest People.</a>"<h2>The soup is loaded with fiber</h2><div type="image" title="Green lentils spread out on a table." height="3456" width="5184" msid="104756476" hostid="261" sizebytes="552746"></div>In addition to the lentils, this soup is loaded with other healthy vegetables including tomatoes, carrots, and potatoes. Like many Blue Zones foods, veggies were the stars of the show, and there was no meat to be found in the recipe.I was hopeful it would still be filling though thanks to the 19 grams of fiber per serving from the lentils and potatoes. By eating one serving of this soup alone, I'm getting <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/5-fiber-mistakes-how-to-fix-2023-9">more fiber</a> than the average American gets a day (only 10-15 grams).The soup is also rich in vitamins like vitamin C, thanks to the potatoes and tomatoes.<h2>This recipe requires some chopping</h2><div type="image" title="Ingredients for lentil soup (left) including tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, lentils, an onion, and veggie broth. Lentils spread out on a pan (right) to check for stones." height="1440" width="2160" msid="104756477" hostid="261" sizebytes="517960"></div>Chopping is my least favorite part of cooking, and I immediately noticed that this recipe called for chopped fresh tomatoes rather than canned. Fortunately, I finally have decent knives — which are necessary for chopping tomatoes, lest you end up with a goopy mess.Canned foods are often <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/diet-nutrition/is-canned-food-bad">much higher in sodium</a> — but they're also easier to use. In future, I'd probably buy no-salt-added canned tomatoes and save myself the bother of cutting fresh ones.The recipe also explicitly says to peel the carrots and the potatoes, a step I normally skip. I was actually surprised at this step, because eating vegetable peels can help <a target="_blank" href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/peeling-fruits-veggies#:~:text=Therefore%2C%20if%20you%20want%20to,you%20should%20eat%20them%20unpeeled.&amp;text=Eating%20unpeeled%20fruits%20and%20vegetables,your%20risk%20of%20certain%20diseases.">maximize the nutritional benefits</a>.Unfortunately while I have decent knives, my peeler is dull. I successfully peeled both carrots and 2 of the 5 potatoes before I got annoyed with the peeler and gave up.<h2>To be honest, this recipe was kind of bland</h2><div type="image" title="Carrots and onions cooking in olive oil on the stove." height="3024" width="4032" msid="104756479" hostid="261" sizebytes="644730"></div>I normally add at least 3 cloves of garlic and a variety of spices to my lentil soup including cumin, curry powder, thyme, black pepper, and red pepper flakes. I was surprised to see that this recipe didn't call for any spices except for bay leaves and salt.Given the lack of spices, I decided it would be a good idea to at least cook the chopped onions and carrots in olive oil for a few minutes prior to adding the other veggies — an "optional tip" from the recipe that I decided was not actually optional.<h2>Once everything is in the pot, all you have to do is wait!</h2><div type="image" title="Pot of lentil soup right after all the ingredients were added (left). Lentil soup once it has finished cooking (right). Lentils have become larger and softer as they soaked up the broth." height="1500" width="3000" msid="104756480" hostid="261" sizebytes="404150"></div>The best thing about lentil soup is that once you get through chopping, all you have to do is chuck everything into a pot and wait. This recipe recommended letting everything cook for about 45 minutes, which allows the lentils to become soft without turning into mush.To fill up my time as I waited for soup, I started rewatching Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. By the time Harry was flying on Buckbeak, my home smelled aromatic and cozy. About 15 minutes later, the timer went off, and my soup was done.<h2>Even though it had less flavor than my usual recipe, it was still tasty</h2><div type="image" title="Bowl of lentil soup with scallions on top." height="3024" width="4032" msid="104756483" hostid="261" sizebytes="687110"></div>I ladled the soup into my bowl and garnished it with scallions and olive oil as recommended by the recipe. I also added some crusty sourdough bread on the side, like the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/kitchen-tips-cook-eat-like-people-who-live-in-blue-zones-2023-9">SuperAgers of Sardinia</a>.I definitely recommend the drizzle of olive oil, a staple of Blue Zone diets, as it adds a lovely richness to the soup and adds a bit more flavor. Plus, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/blue-zones-cookbook-what-to-eat-to-live-to-100-2019-12#olive-oil-full-of-healthy-fats-is-used-in-many-blue-zone-recipes-3">olive oil</a> is filled with monounsaturated fatty acids — a type of healthy fat thought to lower "bad" LDL cholesterol and improve heart health. The scallions were a also welcome addition.While this recipe definitely isn't as flavorful as my normal recipe, it's still very tasty.The soup stores well too: I loaded up the soup into a Tupperware in the fridge overnight and had it for lunch the next day. I actually thought it was even tastier <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/what-resistant-starch-benefits-gut-health-high-fiber-foods-2023-8">reheated one day later</a>.

I tried the Blue Zones lentil soup recipe. It was full of fibrous superfoods and easy to make. 

<ul class="summary-list"><li>People living in California's Blue Zone of Loma Linda live on average 4 to 10 extra years.</li><li>Their lifestyle plays a huge role in their longevity. </li></ul>At first glance, Loma Linda doesn't look that different from any other suburb in Southern California. There are fast food joints, a few big highways, palm trees, and year-round sunshine.And yet, thousands of people living in this town manage to avoid chronic diseases that end up killing many other Americans, like chronic inflammation and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/heart-disease-attack-risk-factors-cardiologist-2022-12">heart issues</a>. If you had to pick the top two things that torpedo our odds of living long, healthy lives, naming those two culprits wouldn't be a bad idea.Heart disease is the number one killer in America, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/longevity-researcher-takes-strawberry-antioxidant-fisetin-healthy-aging-2023-5">controlling inflammation</a> is so intricately tied to how well we age that some researchers have nicknamed the damaging effects of inflammation on our bodies over time "inflammaging."But people living in America's longevity <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/raadfest-cheat-death-longevity-loma-linda-blue-zone-2023-9">Blue Zone of Loma Linda, California</a> often manage to avoid these two issues — and as a result, their rates of heart disease and age-related inflammatory conditions like diabetes are much lower than in other parts of the US.These people are not <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/100-year-old-superager-shares-her-protein-carb-diet-2023-8">genetically spectacular</a>. Rather, they believe in health, which helps them prioritize daily activities that draw down inflammation and improve circulation in the body.Insider recently visited Loma Linda to learn more from these folks about how they <a target="_blank" href="https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cncr.32571">defy the odds</a>, and live about <a target="_blank" href="https://adventisthealthstudy.org/studies/AHS-1/findings-longevity">four to ten years</a> longer than other Californians. Here are nine longevity hacks that Loma Lindans — many of them retired doctors and nurses — shared with Insider for better heart health and less chronic disease.<h2>You don't have to be vegetarian, but don't make meat a daily habit</h2>Loma Linda is a popular spot for Seventh-day Adventist Christians, who settled in this orange grove-rich, dry, hilly area in 1905 and started a nursing school.Loma Linda University Cardiologist Gary Fraser has been studying the impact of vegetable and bean-heavy Adventist diets on overall health for decades. He's discovered that even Adventists who eat meat don't have much of it — and that seems to promote their longevity."By and large, they're only eating about three servings of both poultry and red meat per week," he said.His recommendation for a healthy anti-aging diet is to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/blue-zone-doctor-loma-linda-california-diet-milk-cheese-2023-9">avoid milk</a> and meat as much as possible, but still enjoy some animal products."Kind of trending towards vegan, but a little fish, a little cheese, that's about as good as you can do," he said.<h2>Include omega 3s in your diet</h2><div type="image" title="walnuts in shells " height="1400" width="2100" msid="104507430" hostid="261" sizebytes="159484"></div>Salmon, flaxseed, canola oil, oatmeal and walnuts can all protect the heart because they are rich in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/diet-nutrition/omega-3-foods">omega-3 fatty acids</a>, which reduce the amount of fat in your blood, improve blood pressure, and slow the buildup of plaques in your arteries.Fraser, the cardiologist, likes to plop about <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/protein-what-is-best-nut-seed-proteins-vs-meat-2018-4">half a dozen walnuts</a> on his cereal in the morning, while Retired Adventist nurse Mary Reynolds recommends flaxseeds to her patients who are trying to lower their cholesterol.<h2>Socialize</h2><div type="image" title="kootsey playing pickleball" height="1667" width="2500" msid="104507431" hostid="261" sizebytes="318096"></div>Maintaining social ties helps your body control stress and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4028709/">counteract inflammation</a>."You gain some advantage with social support and maintaining connections as you get older," Fraser said.Reynolds, who worked in cardiology, said that it's important not to "hibernate" too much."Learning to interact with people and share, that's how we can grow strong," she said.Dr. David Baylink, a 92-year-old lab scientist and the head of regenerative medicine at Loma Linda University, agrees."You need to have some kind of positive feedback from society in order to get the most out of living longer," he said.<h2>Have a clear plan for stocking up on fresh foods every week</h2>Taking time each week to prioritize grocery shopping for fresh food helps Loma Linda's Adventists stick to their health-centric diets.Vegetables like leafy greens can boost circulation and blood flow, and all fresh produce has anti-inflammatory effects, due to the beneficial chemical compounds tucked naturally inside."The fruits and veggies are the ones that don't have labels, and they are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/healthy-blue-zone-vegan-chicken-salad-recipe-2023-10">loaded with a lot of nutritional value</a> and vitamins that are beneficial for health," Reynolds said. "If you have other foods, like a lot of sugar in your diet, of course you've weakened your immune system."University dining services director Greg Sullivan, who runs a meat-free cafeteria in Loma Linda, said he knows it's tough to do, but the key to healthy eating is mapping out a clear menu for your week ahead."Go shopping once a week, spend a few hours on Saturday or Sunday getting it ready," he said. "Planning helps. It's the not planning that drives you to fast food."<h2>Drink water instead of soda or alcohol</h2><div type="image" title="obland walking her dog" height="2500" width="1667" msid="104507432" hostid="261" sizebytes="232366"></div>The health effects of the Adventist diet are as much about what people don't eat, as what they do.In general, local Adventists told me they drink lots of water and avoid alcohol (there are no liquor stores or cocktail bars in Loma Linda.)Sugar-sweetened beverages are key factors in stoking inflammation-related diseases, including obesity and diabetes. In addition to the immediate <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408936/">inflammatory effects</a> it can have on the body, alcohol is also the fourth leading cause of preventable deaths in the US.Retired Adventist nurse Ethlyn Oblyn said that "drinking enough water and not harming our bodies with smoking or alcohol" is one of the big pillars of health for Adventists.Baylink, the 93 year old researcher, says he doesn't even have coffee in the morning, which isn't unusual in Loma Linda, as Adventists traditionally shun stimulants of all kinds."I just drink a lot of water and get on my bike, go to work," he said.<h2>Rest and refresh at least one day a week</h2>Adventists often take a time out from the hustle and bustle of life every Saturday and head to church.It's a tradition that's rooted in religion, but backed up <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=15ec3563075831dc5d323af2d5fa38986aabe986ba57875741f4239554f2fbb4&amp;postID=652db482cf767c5e2ea85ff9&amp;postSlug=loma-linda-blue-zone-lifestyle-habits-heart-health-inflammation-2023-10&amp;site=in&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41591-019-0675-0">by science too</a>. Chronic stress is inflammatory, so taking time to relax and unplug really is good for keeping your body young.Obland said the Adventist Sabbath is designed for rest, worship, and connection with friends and family. Often, Adventists enjoy a vegetable-centric potluck meal on Saturdays."To shut down and have a day to spend with your friends worshiping and enjoying being together," she said. "It's really kind of refreshing for one day a week to just sit back and listen to God's voice."<h2>Take a cooking class</h2>Chef Shawn "Grumpy" Wood, who plans the daily menus at <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/photos-blue-zone-grocery-store-healthy-eating-easy-and-cheap-2023-10">Loma Linda Market</a>, said seasoning is key with vegetarian food. His recipes include lots of flavorful herbs and spices, like rosemary, green onions, and hot jalapenos.Because veggies and beans don't have the same kind of juicy fats inside that give meat a savory flavor all on its own, learning how to give your meat-free dishes a good "mouthfeel" with plenty of olive oil, and spicing them up with seasonings, will help with healthier eating, Sullivan said.He recommends taking a cooking class or watching chefs on YouTube and Instagram for tips.<h2>Enjoy the scenery</h2>Mental health experts say the <a target="_blank" href="https://magazine.hms.harvard.edu/articles/walk-woods-may-boost-mental-health">benefits of being in nature</a> can help combat stressors like loneliness, which is a big driver of chronic inflammation. Adventists in sunny Loma Linda adhere to this principle every day, enjoying hiking up into the hills, nearby beach walks, and outdoor pickleball."Being outdoors and seeing the beauty of creation, seeing the birds and the trees and the flowers — we do a lot of nature walks and that really brings a completely different atmosphere to your mind," Reynolds said.Some Adventists, like Baylink, use the Sabbath to go hiking after church.<h2>Stretch out</h2>Loma Lindans like to take a few minutes to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9456560/">stretch out</a> everyday.Often, people will take an aerobics class with friends in the morning, or just stretch out at home when they wake up.That's what retired physicist and physiologist Mailen Kootsey, age 84, does."I wake up in the morning and do about 20 minutes of basically just stretching, not lifting any heavy weights or doing anything really strong, but just basically limbering up," he said.

9 lifestyle tips to reduce inflammation and protect your heart, from people in the Blue Zone of Loma Linda, California 

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Russian soldiers drove armored vehicles through the 'Red Forest' as they invaded <keyword id="12711449" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="chernobyl" source="Orion">Chernobyl</keyword>, per Reuters.</li><li>Reuters spoke to two unnamed Ukrainian staff at the decommissioned Chernobyl nuclear power plant.</li></ul>Russian soldiers drove armored vehicles through the most contaminated area of Chernobyl's <keyword id="13338709" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="exclusion-zone" source="Orion">exclusion zone</keyword> with protection, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/unprotected-russian-soldiers-disturbed-radioactive-dust-chernobyls-red-forest-2022-03-28/">two sources told Reuters</a>. The trip kicked up clouds of radioactive dust that could be damaging to the troops' health, the outlet said.One source told the outlet that the soldiers appeared to have no idea about Chernobyl's history as a nuclear disaster site.Reuters spoke to two Ukrainian workers who were on duty in the decommissioned power plant when Russian soldiers invaded the site on February 25 in the first days of the invasion of <keyword id="11985141" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ukraine" source="Orion">Ukraine</keyword>.The workers, who asked not to be named for fears about their safety, spoke to Reuters in late March.By that time they had just been allowed home after being confined to the decommissioned power plant by Russian soldiers <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-workers-stuck-chernobyl-nuclear-plant-russia-control-2022-3">for almost a month</a>.<div type="image" title="A yellow sign shows in Cyrillic indicates the limit of the red forest in Ukraine." height="890" width="1780" msid="90566730" hostid="261"></div>The workers said that Russian soldiers drove armored vehicles through the Red Forest, <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4923342.stm">1.5 square miles of pine </a>forest that died as a result of exposure shortly after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident. The Red Forest remains the most contaminated area of the zone around Chernobyl, per Reuters. "The convoy kicked up a big column of dust," one source said, per Reuters. One worker told Reuters that some of the soldiers he had spoken to in the plant "did not have a clue" about the 1986 catastrophe at Chernobyl, the world's worst nuclear disaster."They had no idea what kind of facility they were at," the worker said.The worker's accounts are in line with reports from the International Atomic Energy Agency, which said shortly after Russian troops moved into the exclusion zone that remote sensors showed the invasion <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-says-chernobyl-radiation-levels-increasing-after-russia-invasion-2022-2">had disturbed radioactive dust, raising the level of radiation around the site.</a>The plant has been under the control of Russian troops <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-troops-attack-through-chernobyl-exclusion-zone-risks-2022-2">since February 24</a>. The power plant was fully decommissioned after the 1986 nuclear accident and the remaining work at the site is mostly directed toward decontamination. An active nuclear power plant in Zaporizhzhia in the south of Ukraine has also been captured and has been operating under the control of Russian troops <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-officials-seize-zaporizhzhya-ukraines-largest-nuclear-plant-2022-3">since March 4.</a>The invasion of nuclear sites by the military caused outrage among nuclear experts.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/experts-nuclear-plant-accident-in-ukraine-war-unlikely-but-possible-2022-3">Several told Insider</a> that the risk of a catastrophic nuclear accident at either of the nuclear sites remains low, but is more likely because of the nearby fighting. The occupation of the Chernobyl site might soon be coming to an end, according to an unnamed US defense official.The official <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220330-russians-start-to-withdraw-from-chernobyl-us">told France 24 on Wednesday</a> that the Russian troops looked like they were being removed from Chernobyl and repositioned in Belarus, which has a border with Ukraine around 10 miles from the Chernobyl site.

Workers at Chernobyl site say Russian soldiers drove through the highly-radioactive 'Red Forest' with no protective gear

New Delhi, May 13 () Mobile and internet players on Wednesday suggested that red zones should be limited to ward level in municipal areas and economic activities in other parts of the district should be allowed in the next phase of lockdown. The Internet and Mobile Association of India suggested that free movement of goods and services should be allowed in and between all wards in municipality areas which are not marked as red. "Developing upon the speech by the Honourable Prime Minister yesterday that the new version of lockdown would be different from the previous ones, IAMAI has suggested that the demarcation under lockdown 4.0 should be based on wards in municipal areas and not whole districts," IAMAI said in a statement. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Tuesday said that lockdown beyond May 17 will have different rules and details will be shared before May 18. IAMAI said that the bulwark of containment is being enforced by the states and local authorities like municipality, who are better equipped to operate at ward levels given their administrative mechanisms are designed at those levels. "Restrictions at district level are too broad a canvas that severely hinders economic revival as well," the industry body said. At present, a large number of districts are in red and orange zones. Government has restricted movement of goods and services in the red zone to contain the spread of coronavirus. PRS MRMR

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