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<ul class="generic-article__summary--ul content--ul"><li class="generic-article__summary--li content--li">Consuming pagpag leads to stunted growth in children, and heightens the risk of acquiring hepatitis A, <keyword id="6375416" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="cholera">cholera</keyword> and typhoid</li><li class="generic-article__summary--li content--li">Despite the government’s incremental success at reducing poverty, eating and selling pagpag is a way of life in slums like <keyword id="8014290" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Payatas">Payatas</keyword></li></ul> Morning traffic rattles through the slum district of Payatas in Quezon City, just north of Metro Manila. It is 9am but over 30 degrees Celsius and climbing. A truck pulls over and workers unload the morning’s collection of rubbish, depositing it behind the corrugated iron gates of Joe’s Junk Shop. Payatas is a sprawling shanty town built on a landfill, and these junk shops are an integral part of the local economy. Inside, it is a hive of activity. The space is piled four metres high in parts with sacks bulging with waste; sweaty, black sausages that split their skin in the heat, detritus spilling out to be sorted and separated. Joe Bolon, the owner, pays 6 pesos (10 US cents) for a kilogram of waste. Deliveries begin arriving before dawn. Once pulled out and stripped of packaging by Bolon’s team of wiry young men in plastic sandals, recyclables get sold for 18 pesos per kilogram. Myrna Salazar is the only woman working there. She is 40 years old, but looks more weathered. She moved to Manila from Samar 30 years ago and has been “collecting” in Payatas for two decades. Her eyes skim the sea of refuse for anything worth salvaging; her hands move almost as fast, deftly avoiding jagged objects concealed beneath the surface. One of the men hacks apart a hollowed-out watermelon shell with a machete, adding to the pile of fruit rinds and gristle that will be bundled as pig feed and sold for 150 pesos (US$3) per sack. Other scraps – <keyword id="62613" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chicken">chicken</keyword> and pork deemed edible – are set aside in a white ice-cream tub to be washed, cooked and sold in the neighbourhood. This is pagpag – “shake off the dirt” in Tagalog. Discarded food still fit for hungry mouths in slums like Payatas. <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;">DUMPSTER DINING</h3>After many years of scavenging, Salazar insists she can identify spoiled meat, which she leaves. “If the food is as soft as this, it can’t be eaten,” she says, pinching meat that has gone bad. “But if the pork or chicken is as hard as this, this is the pagpagmeat we collect,” she continues, holding up a chicken breast to demonstrate. “We’re used to eating it. We clean the meat thoroughly to remove the smell and so that it will taste good. We cook it or fry it and later my kids will also eat this.” An employee at Joe’s Junk Shop sorts through the waste for recyclables. Photo: SCMP Pictures Salazar has no concerns about the health risks of eating pagpag. Nor does she see any need to visit the market, five minutes’ drive away, where vendors have stalls filled with goat meat and fresh fruit. “If you have a strong immune system, it’s rare for you to get sick,” she says. “We don’t need to spend money to buy our food in the market. Sometimes we find rice, cooking oil and soy sauce in the garbage, all for free.” Discarded food, known as pagpag, is cleaned and cooked before being served. Photo: SCMP Pictures Salazar has four children and her husband also works at Joe’s Junk Shop, sorting recyclables. The couple can earn 1,000 pesos (US$20) a day – sometimes more, depending on the volume of waste, although there are lean days when they earn less. Payatas takes its name from the phrase payat sa taas (“thin at the top”) because the soil is no good for rice crops. It is a community scarred by generations of hardship and struggle. <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;"><a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/3013513/whats-behind-philippine-obsession-beauty-queens" class="link-text">What’s behind the Philippine obsession with beauty queens? </a></h3>In 2000, a landslide of rubbish in one part of Payatas known as Lupang Pangako – or “Promised Land” – killed 218 people, according to official figures. The real death toll was probably much higher, but the authorities could not verify how many people lived in the area. The Promised Land, where combustible substances within the rubbish would erupt unpredictably into geysers of flame, was shut down with untold hundreds buried below. More recently, Payatas became one of the bloodiest focal points in Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte’s crackdown on drugs. Residents recall too many people turning up dead during the height of the purge in 2016-17, casualties of police operations or vigilantes licensed to kill. Myrna Salazar cooks pagpag at Joe’s Junk Shop in Payatas. Photo: SCMP Pictures Bolon, the owner of Joe’s Junk Shop, moved to Payatas from Masbate. The 59-year-old used to work as an industrial painter – cars mostly – but bought the junk shop at his wife’s urging. The rubbish stays for no more than two days, he says, and the local government regularly sends workers to fumigate the site. He lives close by, his employees all live in Payatas, and although he acknowledges the effects of Duterte’s crackdown on the area – previously, taxi drivers would refuse fares there – Bolon grows cautious when pressed for details. “You hear stories of people in the neighbourhood,” he says, trailing off. “Before Duterte became president, there was a lot of crime – burglary, people involved in drugs. Since the war on drugs, that has reduced.” <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;"><a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/3008815/there-are-filipinos-alaska-theyre-called-alaskeros-and-theyve" class="link-text">There are Filipinos in Alaska – they’re called Alaskeros </a></h3>Salazar begins preparing the pagpag. In a small kitchen to one side of the shop, she washes the meat before mixing the adobo seasoning of onion, garlic, peppers and soy sauce. She uses kindling to light a stove and heats a pan with oil before ladling in the meat and adding salt. Next to the kitchen, on the other side of a chicken coop inhabited by a noisy rooster, two signs hang alongside piles of rubbish. The first asks staff to “Clean as you go”. The second is a reminder for would-be thieves: “When you leave, show everything you are carrying.” In Payatas, life may be cheap but nothing is free. An employee at Joe’s Junk Shop sorts through the waste for recyclables. Photo: SCMP Pictures <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;">THE SAD REALITY</h3>According to Cristopher Sabal, a senior technical officer at the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC), pagpagconsumption is merely one expression of a multifaceted problem. “A lot of our urban poor settlers are living near these dump sites, in informal settlements,” he says. “They are living in the most vulnerable areas, the danger zones. They don’t have access to basic necessities … They are primarily the victims of drug abuse and dependency. They don’t have security in their tenure in their house – [the houses] get demolished and they will be moved somewhere. There is that sense of insecurity in their lives. They don’t have access to livelihoods which would support them … enough to purchase the food requirements for the family. That’s the sad reality.” For all Sabal’s sympathy for the plight of those surviving on pagpag, he does not tolerate claims it can be eaten “safely”, that unsanitary meat can be avoided or a strong immune system suffices. “You cannot see bacteria, you cannot see how dirty the food is, just by looking at it,” he says. “Pagpag is not nutritious … We can definitely say it has an impact in the stunting of growth in children. Aside from that, they would be at risk of acquiring critical diseases like hepatitis A, cholera, typhoid.” A bowl of pagpag. Photo: SCMP Pictures In coordinating poverty-reduction programmes, the NAPC links federal initiatives with implementation at the level of local government – the barangay. “The fight against poverty does not happen in the boardroom but at the grass roots, where people can really feel the government is doing something to lift them out of poverty,” Sabal says. The Philippine government has also cast Duterte’s crackdown on drugs as part of its mission to alleviate poverty by first eradicating drug crime and dependency. Earlier this month, <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3017656/rodrigo-dutertes-war-drugs-produces-systematic-abuses" class="link-text">Amnesty International released a report</a> , entitled “They Just Kill”, chronicling the “climate of total impunity” and systematic abuses that have become hallmarks of the campaign.Amnesty’s East Asia director Nicholas Bequelin described the war on drugs as “nothing but a large-scale murdering enterprise for which the poor continue to pay the highest price”. <h2 style="margin-top: 1.14286rem; margin-bottom: 0.428571rem; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.21429rem; font-family: Merriweather, serif; vertical-align: baseline;">People have been doing it for so long, it has been embedded in the subculture of the slums that eating pagpag is OK, Cristopher Sabal, National Anti-Poverty Commission</h2> Sabal, however, insists that “by addressing the problem of drugs, it has a ripple effect in the lives of poor Filipino people”. “It brought back trust in the government at the barangay level. Now they trust that whoever leads them, they are not narco politicians,” he says. “It brought back peace and security – if you go out at night, nothing will happen to you. “The crackdown on drugs did not only result in murders or extrajudicial killings – it also captured a lot of syndicates, big ones and also small street peddlers. We also rehabilitated a lot of poor fathers and mothers who were dependent on drugs.” Sabal cites incremental success: poverty nationwide has fallen, from 27 per cent in 2015 to 21 per cent last year. The <a href="https://www.scmp.com/topics/philippines" class="link-text">Philippines</a> is committed to the UN goal of eradicating malnutrition in children. There are financial subsidies for families whose children remain in school, and this year Duterte signed the Magna Carta of the Poor, guaranteeing access to basic services for impoverished Filipinos. <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;"><a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/3013510/philippine-cinderella-domestic-helper-miss-universe" class="link-text">A Philippine Cinderella: from domestic helper to Miss Universe </a></h3>The NAPC officer, however, acknowledges the intractability of Philippine food poverty: 2.4 million families still suffered moderate to extreme hunger last year. And pagpag consumption has become so entrenched it cannot be treated as a purely economic phenomenon. “There is a danger in sitting in an ivory tower, looking at the problem, being detached from it,” Sabal says. “Hunger is a reality in the Philippines. “People have been doing it for so long, it has been embedded in the subculture of the slums that eating pagpag is OK. Without the government interceding, the cycle will not be broken.” Children in Payatas. Photo: SCMP Pictures <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;">‘LIFE IS HARD HERE’</h3>In the afternoon, Salazar finishes work, wraps her remaining pagpag and carries it to the residential area of Payatas. The houses are an improvised patchwork of timber, cement, cinder block and chipboard, with tarpaulins covering the gaps. The school term has not started, so the narrow pavements echo with children’s high-pitched chatter and the steady thwack of basketballs hitting concrete. The central quadrangle bears the chalk outline of a hopscotch court, where some girls have fashioned a skipping rope by tying together dozens of elastic bands. This is where residents used to stage cockfights on weekends, but not any more – not in the new era of law and order. Salazar makes her rounds. Bags sell for about 30 pesos, each containing an evening meal for four or five people. Susana Abrera, 60, is a regular customer. She buys enough to prepare dinner for her husband, who works gathering sheet metal, as well as Chuchai, 12, and Mariane, 10. The girls are two of Abrera’s 17 grandchildren. She moved to Payatas in 1990 and has been eating pagpag regularly since. Susana Abrera heats pagpag in a wok in her home. Photo: SCMP Pictures “I wash it three times then sauté the pagpag,” she says, heating a wok in the middle of her home. “Then I add more water to cook it well. We are cautious … If pagpag tastes and smells sour it means the meat is already spoiled and we better give it to the pigs and dogs. If we feel sick, we go to the health centre and they can detect our ailment. Mostly, it’s liver disease – that’s why they advise us to cook the food well.” Abrera says she prepares pagpag four days a week. If there is no pagpag, they eat fried fish and vegetables, although vegetables are more expensive as she must buy other ingredients separately. Chuchai (left) and Mariane in Payatas. Photo: SCMP Pictures Chuchai and Mariane light up at the mere mention of Manny Pacquiao – the champion Philippine boxer who inspires nationwide devotion. Both girls attend school, either walking for 30 minutes or catching a motorised tricycle. Their father drives a truck and their mother sells slippers at a shopping centre. Pagpag with chicken is Chuchai’s favourite, but she insists: “I don’t like vegetables – they make me sick.” Mariane is 10 but small enough to pass for seven or eight. She likes school and learning to read and write, but wants to work in <a href="https://www.scmp.com/topics/south-korea" class="link-text">South Korea</a> as a helper to “send money to my parents”. She has seen South Korea on television and says being “a helper is the easiest job you can find”.When the pagpag is ready, they eat swiftly and silently. Once finished, Chuchai burps proudly, immensely pleased with herself. <h3 style="margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.71429rem; line-height: 2.35714rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;"><a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2183272/philippines-dutertes-drug-war-finds-new-target-9-year-olds" class="link-text">In Philippines, Duterte’s drug war finds a new target: nine-year-olds </a></h3>Abrera recalls how dangerous the area was before Duterte’s crackdown, and then the “police raids and shooting everywhere”. “We always hid in our homes because of fear of the police presence,” she says. “There were a lot of drug users and sellers before. When they got killed, our area became more peaceful.” Still, she yearns for her grandchildren to improve their circumstances, to leave behind Payatas and its mortal desperation and the meals scavenged from its junk shops. “Life is hard here. I want them to work overseas. We’re getting old and no one can help them when we’re gone,” Abrera says, overcome with the thought, tears rolling down her cheeks as Chuchai and Mariane stare awkwardly at their feet. “I want them to have a good life far from our lives here. I tell them to study hard … and some day not eat pagpag.” ■

In Philippine slums, meat scavenged from dumpsters feeds those short of meals and hope

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The <keyword id="11938567" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="philippines" source="Orion">Philippines</keyword>' presidential <keyword id="11944709" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="election" source="Orion">election</keyword> is set for May, and all candidates have filed for the race.</li><li>The candidates include boxer <keyword id="11922195" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="manny-pacquiao" source="Orion">Manny Pacquiao</keyword>, the son of a reviled dictator, and a former teen actor.</li></ul>With the deadline for candidacy elapsing on November 15, we compiled a list of the front-runners who have emerged in the lead-up to the Philippines' May presidential election.Perhaps the most notable among them are the son of a former dictator, a teen actor turned senator, the senator and champion boxer Manny Pacquiao, and an ex-police general once on Interpol's most-wanted list.Campaigning isn't set to start until February, but the theatrics have already begun. President <keyword id="12130581" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="rodrigo-duterte" source="Orion">Rodrigo Duterte</keyword> has joined in, saying in a recent speech that a candidate "who might win hands down" <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-duterte-says-cocaine-user-among-presidential-election-candidates-2021-11-18/">used cocaine</a>. When reporters asked him whom he was referring to, <a href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/duterte-on-cocaine-sniffing-presidential-bet-im-telling-the-truth">he demurred</a>.The country's constitution blocks <keyword id="12658617" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="duterte" source="Orion">Duterte</keyword> from running for president again. As his six-year term — characterized by his hardhanded style and controversial war on drugs — comes to an end next year, the nation is watching keenly for who will replace him.The Philippines has long struggled with political corruption and instability in the wake of a 1986 revolution that deposed the dictator Ferdinand Marcos. It ranked <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1389549/ph-drops-to-115th-place-in-global-index-on-corruption-perception">115th out of 180 countries in the 2020 Corruption Perception Index run by Transparency International</a> and has for decades consistently charted well below the <a href="https://govdata360.worldbank.org/indicators/hb0673e03?country=PHL&amp;indicator=376&amp;viz=line_chart&amp;years=1996,2020">World Bank's</a> median for political stability.And unlike in the US, Philippine political parties are generally weak, and politicians can switch sides with little consequence, experts told Insider.Here are five notable and leading candidates for the May election in the Philippines.<h2>The dictator's son: Ferdinand 'Bongbong' Marcos Jr.</h2><div type="image" title="Ferdinand &quot;Bongbong&quot; Marcos Jr. speaks at a press conference in 2017" height="2644" width="4000" msid="88061893" hostid="261"></div>Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr. is the son of the dictator Marcos Sr., who ruled the Philippines for 25 years until he was ousted by an uprising in 1986. After years of <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/asa350191977en.pdf">torturing, killing, and displacing thousands of Filipinos under martial law</a>, Marcos Sr. went into exile in Hawaii with his family, where he died three years later.After his father died, Marcos was permitted to return to the Philippines, where he later served as a governor and a senator. He ran for vice president in 2016 — endorsed by his mother, Imelda — but was beaten by the lawyer Leni Robredo, who's also running for president in the upcoming election."His family has spent quite a lot in rehabilitating their image and promoting revisionist versions of Philippine history and the legacy of the late dictator," professor Maria Ela Atienza, the chair of the department of political science at the University of the Philippines, told Insider.He commands a cultlike following in the Philippines, especially among younger voters who may not have had as much direct contact with his father's government, professor Jorge Tigno, who also teaches political science at the University of the Philippines, said.Tigno considers him one of the race's strongest candidates."He may not get a majority, but he can, at least, at this point, get a plurality to win," the professor said.<div type="image" title="This photo taken on November 9, 2021 shows Sara Duterte (L), mayor and daughter of outgoing Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte, posing for a selfie with city hall employees in Davao city, on the southern island of Mindanao." height="3000" width="4500" msid="88061894" hostid="261"></div>Marcos has benefited from one of the biggest twists so far in the race: Sara Duterte-Carpio, the current president's daughter, who was thought to be a powerhouse candidate for the presidency, <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20211116-duterte-s-daughter-joins-son-of-late-dictator-marcos-on-philippines-presidential-ticket">announced on November 16</a> that she would be Marcos' running mate as vice president.The vice president and president are elected separately in the Philippines, but the alliance allows both sides to tap each other's voter bases — Marcos is popular in the northern part of the country, while the Dutertes are favored in the south.Human-rights groups decried Marcos' candidacy and <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1509615/petition-to-cancel-coc-of-bongbong-marcos-filed-before-comelec">filed a petition</a> to stop him from running, but there has been no result. As to how he got his nickname, Atienza said: "Bongbong" is a common name given to people named after their fathers.<h2>The boxing champion: Manny 'PacMan' Pacquiao</h2><div type="image" title="Manny Pacquiao gestures after his latest loss — a 12-round decision to Yordenis Ugas on Saturday, August 21." height="1464" width="2000" msid="88061895" hostid="261"></div>In September, the world-champion boxer Pacquiao put down his gloves for good, announcing his retirement in a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_A2RKIty2B0">YouTube video that transitions into a hip-hop music video</a>.Pacquiao lived on the streets and worked construction as a young teenager but is now worth $26 million, <a href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/manny-pacquiao/?sh=42d038ab1d71">according to Forbes</a>. His rag-to-riches story has earned him folk-hero status among Filipinos, but Tigno said he lacked a serious political network and largely relied on giving out cash to sway voters."I don't even think his own supporters are that serious in making sure he wins," he said. "They just want a slice of his boxing winnings."And Pacquiao has a poor political track record. He was the <a href="https://www.manilastandard.net/news/national/350350/carpio-absentee-pacquiao-not-fit-for-presidency.html">most absent member of the Senate</a>."Beyond populist promises like jailing corrupt officials, he lacks concrete programs and policies," Atienza said. Duterte once saw Pacquiao as a prospective successor and close friend, but the <a href="https://www.insider.com/pacquiao-duterte-feud-fight-before-potential-presidential-runs-2021-7">pair had a falling out</a> after the latter criticized Duterte's pandemic response and relationship with China. That led the <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-duterte-lands-insulting-blow-boxer-pacquiao-2021-07-01/">president to publicly scold</a> the boxing champ.Overall, Tigno and Atienza said the boxing icon didn't stand much of a chance at winning the election.<h2>The teen actor: Francisco Domagoso, aka Isko Moreno</h2><div type="image" title="Francisco Domagoso aka &quot;Isko Moreno&quot; speaks at the state of the city address" height="2680" width="4020" msid="88061896" hostid="261"></div>Francisco Domagoso is serving his first term as the mayor of Manila, the Philippines' capital. But Domagoso, who goes by the stage name Isko Moreno, was also a teen actor who came from humble beginnings, growing up in the slums like Pacquiao did. As a teen, Domagoso hosted the popular Filipino variety show "That's Entertainment" and appeared in several films. During the 1990s, Domagoso starred in what Filipinos called "<a href="https://www.pep.ph/lifestyle/13128/actor-turned-vice-mayor-isko-moreno-pursues-his-true-calling-">titillating films</a>," a "mature" genre popular at the time. He moved into <keyword id="11893346" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="politics" source="Orion">politics</keyword> in '98 and got his start as a city councilor. He was elected as Manila's mayor in 2019.As mayor, he has focused on reviving <a href="https://tribune.net.ph/index.php/2020/11/14/manila-readies-grand-tourism-plan/">Manila's tourism industry</a> and image, which has earned him the favor of the capital's residents, Atienza said.He's been branded as a "Duterte-lite" figure because he employed the same campaign team as Duterte and is campaigning off his record as a mayor, while aligning with populist ideologies, she added.But Tigno said he believed running may be a mistake. With only one mayoral term under his belt, Domagoso's reputation isn't as well-established as it could be."He could have run for another two terms and solidify his hold on the city, as well as on the national psyche, but he instead chose to run for a national position," Tigno said.He added: "His popularity at this time is simply no match to the cult status enjoyed by Marcos Jr. And while he may be able to command a significant portion of his Manila constituents, I don't think it would be enough."<h2>The police general: Panfilo 'Ping' Lacson</h2><div type="image" title="Panfilo Lacson gestures during a press conference in Manila" height="1872" width="2950" msid="88061897" hostid="261"></div>Panfilo "Ping" Lacson has been serving on and off in the Philippines Senate since 2001. Before that, he served as the director general of the police from 1998 to 2001.Hailed as an enforcer who spurned bribes and cracked down on corruption, Lacson gained a celebritylike status for his reforms, such as <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/962374/small-belly-should-be-a-must-for-new-cops-lacson">requiring cops to trim their waistlines to 86 centimeters</a> and posting corrupt officers to dangerous areas with high levels of rebel presence.A movie was even made about him in 2000, titled "<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0347777/">Ping Lacson: Super Cop</a>." After he retired from police work and was elected to the Senate in 2001, Lacson was accused by the military-intelligence chief Victor Corpus of laundering <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/reviews/out?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB99834320068779113">$700 million for then-President Joseph Estrada</a>. He has denied the allegations and since been outspoken for stricter laws against money laundering.Lacson was also accused of involvement in the killings of 11 gang members in 1995, as well as the slaying of a well-known publicist and his driver, with the latter allegation putting him on <a href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/02/11/10/lacson-placed-interpol-wanted-list">Interpol's "red-notice" wanted list in 2010</a>.But in 2013, the <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/368301/sc-dismisses-kuratong-murder-raps-vs-lacson">Supreme Court of the Philippines dismissed the gang-killing case against Lacson</a> with finality. He was also taken off the red-notice list in 2011 after the <a href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-fugitive-senator-back-as-philippines-drops-warrant-2011mar26-story.html">Philippines dropped charges for the publicist's killing</a> because it found that the main witness against Lacson was "unreliable."Lacson, having one failed a presidential bid from 2004, now hopes to win the race with promises of <a href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/lacson-sotto-anti-illegal-drug-campaign-claims-no-tokhang/">curbing illegal drugs, criminality, and corruption</a>, which mirrors Duterte's 2016 campaign.Once an outspoken proponent of bringing the death penalty back to the Philippines, he's now changed his mind and wants to build a <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1521086/lacson-pushes-alcatraz-jail-for-hardened-criminals">prison for criminals like the one on Alcatraz Island</a>. He said that "prevention, rehabilitation, and correction" were a better route for combating criminal behavior, <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1521086/lacson-pushes-alcatraz-jail-for-hardened-criminals">according to the local outlet Inquirer.net</a>Recent <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1506986/lacson-unfazed-by-ranking-in-surveys">polls</a> indicate Lacson hasn't generated the popularity he needs to contest Marcos or other front-runners, said Tigno. <h2>The vice president and Duterte's nemesis: Leni Robredo</h2><div type="image" title="Leni Robredo poses with her daughters after filing her bid for presidency" height="2667" width="4000" msid="88061899" hostid="261"></div>Leni Robredo is the vice president of the Philippines, serving alongside Duterte. But she's also been a <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20211007-duterte-nemesis-and-drug-war-critic-leni-robredo-to-run-for-philippine-presidency">fierce critic of his</a>, regularly slamming his war on drugs and his pandemic response. In return, Duterte tried to <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/850512/robredo-quits-as-housing-chief-leaves-duterte-cabinet">exclude her from Cabinet meetings</a> and pressured her to resign.The daughter of a regional-court judge, Robredo passed the bar in 1997 and worked in the public attorney's office before being elected to Congress in 2013. She supported <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=leni+robredo+anti+discrimination+bill&amp;oq=leni+robredo+anti+discrimination+bill&amp;aqs=chrome..69i57l3j69i59j0i271l2j69i60l2.3456j0j7&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8">antidiscrimination</a> and <a href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/09/03/1848321/robredo-urges-govt-reconsider-fuel-excise-tax-fix-nfa">anti-poverty movements</a> and a <a href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/654464/leni-robredo-urges-adoption-of-house-foi-bill-version">Freedom of Information Act</a> that increased public transparency of government funding and transactions.The presidential hopeful has been the target of several fake-news campaigns by other politicians and social-media influencers.One such incident was a doctored photo of politicians having dinner while appearing to laugh at her as she was on TV. <a href="https://factcheck.afp.com/http%253A%252F%252Fdoc.afp.com%252F9R62Q2-1">Agence France-Presse has since debunked</a> the image. And a <a href="https://factcheck.afp.com/http%253A%252F%252Fdoc.afp.com%252F9QB3VQ-5">fake viral video</a> claimed she had been disqualified from the presidential race after she broke election rules."Robredo's numbers at the moment are not that high, but they are rising," Tigno said. "With a constant campaign movement behind her, she may end up matching, if not outrunning, Marcos Jr."Robredo has experience as a politician and vice president, but whether voters will appreciate those achievements is another thing altogether, he added."People want immediate positive results, and I don't think Robredo is able to make that kind of promise to people," he added. "She is too sincere with herself to allow herself to lie and twist the truth to people. That can be a problem for her in the end if she loses."But if she wins, it can mean a new lease on life for Philippine democracy."

The Philippines' presidential election heats up with boxer Manny Pacquiao and the former dictator's son among 5 surprising candidates duking it out for control

<keyword id="927991" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="The-Brihanmumbai-Municipal-Corporation">The BrihanMumbai Municipal Corporation</keyword>'s 'Chase the Virus' strategy in Dharavi -- Asia's biggest slum -- has found a new fan in the <keyword id="1193333" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Philippines-government">Philippines government</keyword>. as the Southeast Asia nation also grapples with the Covid-19 pandemic, a top official said here on Tuesday. "The Philippines government will follow and implement the Dharavi Model for containing Covid in densely populated slums" an elated BMC Municipal Commissioner I.S. Chahal told IANS. The BMC has already shared details of the 'Chase the Virus' policy with the Philippines' Department of Health (DOH). A news portal, Inquirer.net on Tuesday, has quoted the Philippines DOH which declared that it would follow the <keyword id="9780178" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="dharavi-mumbai">Dharavi-Mumbai</keyword> campaign conceptualized by BMC's Assistant Municipal Commissioner Kiran Dighavkar which earned all round praise. The Philippines, with a population of around 10.1 crore crammed in an area of nearly 2.98 lakh sq.km, is slightly smaller than Maharashtra with 3.07 lakh sq. km area and a population close to 11.5 crore. However, the archipelagic country currently ranks 22nd on the Corona Worldometer with 169,213 cases and 2,687 fatalities compared to Maharashtra's 604,358 cases and 20,265 deaths. Like Mumbai, around 30-lakh people live in congested slums in Manila, besides other cities in the Philippines. The high population density of Dharavi posed a huge challenge to the BMC and state health authorities to tackle the Corona spread. Civic officials said that the city succeeded in achieving what was earlier considered virtually a "mission impossible", especially in Dharavi, earning the BMC and Maharashtra government a pat from <keyword id="2555741" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="The-World-Health-Organisation">the World Health Organisation</keyword> in early July. Chahal said that as a result of its strategy, there are only 17,704 'active cases' in Mumbai, of which around 5,338 symptomatic patients are currently in hospitals. The city - which last week came down to the second worst-hit city (after Pune district moved to the top slot) in terms of Covid cases - is witnessing an average of less than 1,000 new cases daily, the recovery rate is 80 percent, doubling rate of cases is 86 days, and infection rate is 0.8 percent - among the lowest anywhere. The situation has eased to the extent that since late June, the BMC started moving out of Dharavi, and later shut down several small or medium quarantine facilities in the city. Patients are now being referred to the jumbo facilities at NSCI, Mahalaxmi Race Court, <keyword id="102951" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bandra-Kurla-Complex">Bandra Kurla Complex</keyword> and in Dahisar and Mulund to ensure centralised care. Amid apprehensions of patients unable to get beds, the current bed strength is 16,075 for complicated or serious cases, 23,437 for mild and asymptomatic patients besides 10,525 oxygen beds, 1,844 ICU beds and 1,096 ventilator beds. Of these, nearly 14,548 are vacant, but ready for operationalisation whenever required, besides 330 vacant in ICUs, giving a very comfortable position, said Chahal. Buoyed by the success of the 'Chase the Virus' game, the state government is now implementing it in Thane, Palghar, Raigad, Pune, Aurangabad, Solapur, Nashik, Jalgaon and other upcoming hotspots even as the Mumbai Corona crisis has practically been 'chased' away. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/how-much-deloitte-kpmg-ey-and-pwc-accountants-and-consultants-make-from-entry-level-to-executive-roles/articleshow/77533447.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">How much Deloitte, KPMG, EY, and PwC accountants and consultants make, from entry level to executive roles</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/dream11-wins-ipl-2020-sponsorship-indias-first-gaming-unicorn-bags-the-rights-for-250-crore/articleshow/77609909.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Dream11 wins IPL 2020 sponsorship – India’s first gaming unicorn bags the rights for ₹222 crore</a>

Philippines government to follow India's ‘Dharavi model’ to fight coronavirus

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Manila, the capital of the Philippines, is <a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/05/these-are-the-world-s-most-crowded-cities/">one of the most crowded</a> cities on Earth. An <a href="https://www.wired.com/2017/03/bernhard-lang-manila-aerials/">estimated 200,000 people</a> live in a single square mile in some neighborhoods&#xa0;- nearly three times the density of Manhattan.In 2017, German photographer <a href="http://www.bernhardlang.de/">Bernhard Lang</a> set out to capture the overpopulation crisis from above. The images show the residents'&#xa0;living conditions as they are rarely seen. Lang shared some photos from <a href="http://www.bernhardlang.de/Website/AV_Manila_All.html">his series</a>&#xa0;with us. You can check out more of his work&#xa0;on <a href="https://www.instagram.com/blangphoto/">Instagram</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Photography-Bernhard-Lang-251075035099935/">Facebook</a>.

A photographer captured these shocking photos of one of the world's most densely populated slums

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Ezra AcayanPhilippine President Rodrigo Duterte points to a paper containing a list of personalities he alleges are involved with the drug trade, during a speech in Manila, December 19, 2016.</div></div></div>Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte's rhetoric on a number of issues has zig-zagged during his six months in office.He has vacillated on his stance toward US-Philippine ties, alternately <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/philippines-rodrigo-duterte-swears-at-journalist-during-anti-us-rant-2016-11" target="_blank">repudiating</a> the Obama administration and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/philippines-rodrigo-duterte-donald-trump-profanity-laced-phone-call-2016-12" target="_blank">embracing</a> the incoming Trump administration.Domestically, he has gone <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/president-rodrigo-duterte-martial-law-habeas-corpus-philippines-2016-11" target="_blank">back and forth on the issue of martial law</a>, repeatedly suggesting imposing it before backing off.Duterte returned to the subject this week, bemoaning the constitutional limits on how the Philippine president could deal with security threats like war."If you have martial <keyword id="6355470" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Law">law</keyword>, only one person should be in control," Duterte <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">said</a> during a visit to the northern Philippines on Thursday."If there's invasion or war and I declare martial law, I cannot proceed on and on to deal with the trouble as I still have to go to Congress, go to the Supreme Court," he added, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">according</a> to AFP. "That's why that needs to be replaced."<h2>'Trial balloon'</h2>Under current Philippine law, the president can declare martial law for up to 60 days, but within 48 hours he or she would have to submit a report to the congress, which could then revoke it. The Supreme Court can review the declaration's legality and must issue a decision within 30 days.Those restrictions were put in place with a new constitution <a href="http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/" target="_blank">written in 1987</a>, a year after millions of Filipinos went into the streets to demand dictator Ferdinand Marcos be removed from power in a movement called the "People Power" revolution.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Romeo RanocoDemonstrators give a thumbs-down sign during a protest denouncing the burial of late dictator Ferdinand Marcos at the Libingan ng mga Bayani (Heroes' cemetery), at Luneta park, metro Manila, Philippines, November 25, 2016.</div></div></div>Marcos imposed martial law from 1972 to 1981 to fight crime and a communist insurgency, but governments since have <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">said</a> thousands were killed and tortured during Marcos' reign.The Marcos legacy makes martial law an incendiary topic in the Philippines, and Duterte - who has repeatedly <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/president-rodrigo-duterte-martial-law-habeas-corpus-philippines-2016-11" target="_blank">inveighed against a wave of crime</a> and said <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/r-duterte-says-if-islamic-state-comes-to-philippines-forget-human-rights-2016-11" target="_blank">human rights would be an afterthought</a> if ISIS arrives in the Philippines - has raised alarm by flirting with it.In March, then-President Benigno Aquino <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/president-rodrigo-duterte-martial-law-habeas-corpus-philippines-2016-11" target="_blank">said</a> Duterte's campaign promises would put him a step away from being a dictator. Duterte <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/president-rodrigo-duterte-martial-law-habeas-corpus-philippines-2016-11" target="_blank">repudiated that charge</a> by invoking his mother's experiences under Marcos.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Erik De CastroIncoming President Rodrigo Duterte, left, listens as outgoing President Benigno Aquino talks to him before Aquino leaves the Malacanang Palace in Manila, Philippines, June 30, 2016.</div></div></div>Bonifacio Ilagan, who was jailed and tortured during Marcos' martial-law period, told AFP that Duterte's references to martial law could be a "<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">trial balloon</a>" in order to assess public opinion as a prelude to making moves to amend the constitution.Duterte has allies who control the country's congress.They have backed his proposal to bring together a "constitutional assembly" to change the centralized government to a federal one prior to the end of his term in 2022, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">according</a> to AFP.Ilagan <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">said</a> that assembly would have the power to amend the president's martial-law powers, but he cast doubt on how that would be received."I honestly believe the people will resist," he <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">said</a>.<h2>'Now he says something else'</h2>Despite the controversial context of Duterte's martial-law musings, they have mostly remained in the background amid his ongoing battle against the drug trade in the Philippines.Since he took office in July, about 6,000 people have been slain in drug-related killings - only about two-thirds have been in police operations, raising fears of vigilante activity or of an extrajudicial-killing campaign.The vicious crackdown Duterte has inspired and the harassment his critics have faced lead some to suggest that while there is no de jure declaration of martial law, it exists in de facto status.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Damir SagoljAn investigator takes notes next to the body of a man killed in a shoot-out with police in Manila, Philippines, early on October 21, 2016. According to the police, sachets containing substance believed to be the drug shabu (metamphetamine hydrochloride) were found in the man's pockets.</div></div></div>"It is not necessary that you have a declaration of martial law to have martial law," Bishop Broderick Pabillo, who works in the northwest Manila slum of Tondo, where many drug suspects have been killed, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">told</a> AFP.Duterte may back off his Thursday comments in the coming days, as he has done <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/president-rodrigo-duterte-martial-law-habeas-corpus-philippines-2016-11" target="_blank">several times</a> in the recent past. But his wavering is no comfort for some of his countrymen."He said a few days ago that martial law was stupid and didn't work, and yet now he says something else," Sen. Francis Pangilinan, a critic of Duterte, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-philippine-critics-alarmed-by-dutertes-martial-law-talk-2016-12" target="_blank">told</a> AFP. "His lack of clarity is a serious cause for concern." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/rodrigo-duterte-congratulates-donald-trump-victory-philippines-president-election-barack-obama-crackdown-2016-11">Philippines president Rodrigo Duterte congratulates Trump on a 'well-deserved victory'</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="ExNDVuNzE6sAYHmHTIEVRycm96baVWBE" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

The Philippine president is sending ominous signals about the rule of law in his country

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image">Thomson ReutersA man assisted motorcyclist after he fell along main road after strong winds brought by Typhoon Rammasun, locally called Glenda, battered capital, metro Manila</div></div></div>MANILA (Reuters) - A typhoon killed at least 10 people as it churned across the Philippines and hit the capital, prompting the evacuation of almost 150,000 people and shutting financial markets, government offices and schools, rescue officials said on Wednesday.
The eye of Typhoon Rammasun, the strongest storm to hit the country this year, passed to the south of Manila on Wednesday after cutting a path through eastern islands, toppling trees and power lines and causing electrocutions and blackouts.
It brought storm surges to Manila Bay and prompted disaster officials to evacuate slum-dwellers on the capital's outskirts.
Richard Gordon, chairman of the Philippine National Red Cross, said there was minimal damage in the capital but staff were trying to rescue people trapped by fallen debris in Batangas City to the south where two people were electrocuted.
"We have not received reports of major flooding in Metro Manila because the typhoon did not bring rain, but the winds were strong," he said.
Parts of the Philippines are still recovering from Typhoon Haiyan, one of the biggest cyclones known to have made landfall anywhere. It killed more than 6,100 people last November in the central provinces, many in tsunami-like sea surges, and left millions homeless.
Rhea Catada, who works for Oxfam in Tacloban, which suffered the brunt of Haiyan, said thousands of people in tents and coastal villages had been evacuated to higher ground since Monday.
"They are scared because their experiences during Haiyan last year are still fresh," she said. "Now they are evacuating voluntarily and leaving behind their belongings."
Tropical Storm Risk, which monitors cyclones, labeled Rammasun a category-two storm on a scale of one to five as it headed west into the South China Sea. Super typhoon Haiyan was category five.
A 25-year-old woman was killed when she was hit by a falling electricity pole as Rammasun hit the east coast on Tuesday, the Philippine disaster agency said. A pregnant woman was killed when a house wall collapsed in Lucena City in Quezon province south of the capital.
Nearly 150,000 people have been evacuated from their homes in low-lying and coastal areas. More than 60 international and domestic flights have been canceled over the past two days.
Trading at the Philippine Stock Exchange and Philippine Dealing System, used for foreign exchange trading, were suspended after government offices were ordered shut.
(Reporting by Rosemarie Francisco, Karen Lema and Manny Mogato; Editing by Nick Macfie)

The City Of Manila Shuts Down As Typhoon Rages

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">SevereStudios.com via APDamage from Hurricane Michael at Mexico Beach, Florida in October 2018.</div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>On Tuesday, 28 commissioners and 17 countries around the world banded together to form the Global Commission on Adaptation.</li><li>Their task for the next year will be to figure out the best ways to both fight and cope with the dramatic, disastrous effects of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ipcc-climate-change-report-why-2-degree-warming-is-dangerous-2018-10">life on a hotter planet</a>.</li><li>The program is led by Bill Gates, Ban Ki-moon, and World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva.</li><li>The commission also includes 25 other leaders from around the globe, including the mayors of Miami and Paris, as well as China's environment minister.</li><li>The 17 countries on board include big players in the world's energy economy, like Canada, Mexico, China, India, Germany, and the UK. (The US is not on the list.)</li><li>Scroll down for a full list of who's involved.</li></ul>The bad <keyword id="6355005" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news">news</keyword> about our planet <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ipcc-climate-change-report-why-2-degree-warming-is-dangerous-2018-10">released last week</a> from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggests that time is running very short to get serious about the threat of disastrous floods, storms, fires, droughts, and extreme poverty that could soon hit as a result of climate change.The news is so dire, it's prompted a new last-ditch effort to help the world better deal with these coming disasters.Dubbed the Global Commission on Adaptation, it will be led by philanthropist Bill Gates, former UN secretary general Ban Ki-moon, and World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva."We are at a moment of high risk and great promise," Gates said in a release, before the commission was announced Tuesday in The Hague."We need policies to help vulnerable populations adapt, and we need to ensure that governments and other stakeholders are supporting innovation and helping deliver those breakthroughs to the people and places that need them most."<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Jemal Countess/Getty ImagesBill Gates and Melinda Gates with United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon at the United Nations on September 25, 2015 in New York City.</div></div></div>To that end, his new commission is beginning a two year plan: first, they will spend approximately one year researching and developing the best ways to deal with life in a warmer world.Next September, they'll present their best ideas from that brainstorm at the 2019 United Nations Secretary General's Climate Summit.Then, begins the second "year of action," where those ideas are put into practice around the world. "If everyone does their part, we can reduce carbon emissions, increase access to affordable energy, and help farmers everywhere grow more productive crops," Gates said.In some of the hottest zones around the equator, that might mean adopting new farming techniques for crops, like growing corn or coffee designed to be more drought-resistant.Georgieva suggested some places might want to switch from consuming chickens to breeding and eating more ducks, because ducks can swim through a flood.Other coastal areas might plant more mangrove trees, to help <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/r-mangroves-coral-reefs-could-cut-flood-insurance-premiums-lloyds-2017-6">reduce the impact of devastating floods, while saving cash on seawalls</a>.In cities, the commission may suggest ways to better regulate emissions through stricter building code rules."We are the last generation that can change the course of climate change," Georgieva said. "And we are the first generation that has to live with its consequences." <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/40238275@N02/3979119182/in/photolist-74C2v9-hyEgxU-gdDifG-fHkuTT-fHkzdg-fHCkzy-fHkDi6-fHCaDY-fHC6VQ-eMNbmu-7y7Cjg-fHCec1-gdDwrm-gdDbJo-gdE2pD-dVQzmY">Steve Shattuck/Flickr</a>Natural adaptations like mangroves are around 30 times cheaper than manmade seawalls, according to a recent report from Lloyd's of London.</div></div></div>That means that we must both adapt to our rapidly warming world, and try to reduce emissions that will heat the planet up further, all at the same time.The commission assumes that it's probably too late to stop or reverse dangerous, damaging effects of climate change altogether, but their plan aims to both mitigate those effects, while also reducing pollution and saving money.Georgieva estimates that every one dollar spent on this kind of climate resilience, could save $4 to $7 in damages later. Humans have already heated things up more than one degree Celsius since preindustrial times, and recently <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hothouse-earth-climate-change-tipping-point-2018-8">scientists warned that we could be on track to hit a dangerous tipping point</a>, triggering an unprecedented temperature spike around the world.Already, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hurricane-florence-how-climate-change-affects-rainfall-2018-9">we're getting a glimpse of</a> life on a warmer planet: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hurricanes-and-rain-getting-stronger-2018-6">wetter rainstorms</a>, more intense heat waves, and rising seas.Currently, the commission argues there's a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/french-president-emmanuel-macron-global-finance-climate-business-2018-9">lack of decent incentives</a> to invest in new ideas about how to deal with these problems, and the ideas that are out there aren't getting shared quickly and efficiently enough.The commission is worried that if swift action isn't taken now, we could have problems finding enough food, water and energy to stay alive in the coming decades, especially in the developing world."Decisions are still being made with short-term risk, not long-term risk in mind," Moon said on the call. <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pennymaycock/14333442687/">Flickr / babar141</a>Ducks may be a smarter food source than chickens in the near future, the commission suggests, because they can swim through a flood, if needed.</div></div></div>Ironically, those who will be at greatest risk of losing their homes, businesses, and lives to climate change are the ones who've contributed the least to warming the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels like coal and gas for energy."Our estimate is that most likely we would see some hundred million people falling back in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gates-foundation-goalkeepers-2018-report-ceo-sue-desmond-hellman-2018-9">extreme poverty</a> by 2030 as a result of climate change," Georgieva said during a press call before the commission was announced. Moon said the commission will aim to help some of those "poorest and most vulnerable" living in some of the hottest zones of the world adapt to climate change with new kinds of climate-related insurance.Here's the full list of the countries and commissioners that have signed on to participate in the initiative so far.<h2>Countries:</h2><ul><li>Argentina</li><li>Bangladesh</li><li>Canada</li><li>China</li><li>Costa Rica</li><li>Denmark</li><li>Ethiopia</li><li>Germany</li><li>Grenada</li><li>India</li><li>Indonesia</li><li>Marshall Islands</li><li>Mexico</li><li>Netherlands</li><li>Senegal</li><li>South Africa</li><li>United Kingdom</li></ul><h2>Commissioners:</h2><ul><li>Ban Ki-moon, former Secretary-General of the United Nations </li><li>Bill Gates, co-chair of the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation </li><li>Kristalina Georgieva, CEO, World Bank </li><li>Hilda Heine, President, Marshall Islands </li><li>Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister, Grenada </li><li>Akinwumi Adesina, President, African Development Bank </li><li>Elhadj As Sy, Secretary General, IFRC (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies) </li><li>Michelle Bachelet, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights </li><li>Patricia Espinosa, Executive Secretary, UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) </li><li>Christiana Figueres, Former Executive Secretary, UNFCCC </li><li>Li Ganjie, Minister of Ecology and Environment, China </li><li>Anne Hidalgo, Mayor, Paris </li><li>Emma Howard Boyd, Chair of the Environment Agency, UK </li><li>Naoko Ishii, CEO and Chairperson, Global Environment Facility </li><li>Peter Damgaard Jensen, CEO, PKA Ltd. </li><li>Agnes Kalibata, President, AGRA </li><li>Loren Legarda, Chair, Senate Finance Committee, Philippines </li><li>Strive Masiyiwa, Founder and Chairman, Econet Wireless </li><li>José Antonio Meade, Former Finance Minister, Mexico </li><li>Gerd Müller, Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany </li><li>Muhammad Musa, Executive Director, BRAC </li><li>Cora van Nieuwenhuizen, Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management, Netherlands </li><li>Sheela Patel, Chair, Slum/Shack Dwellers International </li><li>Feike Sijbesma, CEO, Royal DSM </li><li>Francis Suarez, Mayor, Miami </li><li>Shemara Wikramanayake, CEO, Macquarie Group Ltd </li><li>Erik Solheim, Executive Director, UN Environment </li><li>Andrew Steer, President and CEO, World Resources Institute </li></ul> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/is-activated-charcoal-safe-for-eat-drink-teeth-whitening-2018-9">What activated charcoal actually does to your body</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

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