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Think Initial Public Offers (IPOs) are a sure-shot, quickfire method to make a quick buck? If so, then investing in some of India's biggest IPOs to date would have created multiple millionaires. However, if the data is to be believed, 18 out of India's top 30 IPOs by way of size have failed to deliver on the returns front. Recent data from Capitalmind PMS suggests that of all the mega IPOs India has seen in the past 2 decades, only 12 IPOs i.e. stocks of 12 companies have delivered more returns that what you would have received, had you bought and held your investments in Nifty500(which invests in biggest 500 companies by market size). Infact, Paytm (54%), <keyword id="20024191" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Reliance-Power" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Reliance Power" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Reliance Power">Reliance Power</keyword> (81%), General Insurance Corporation (2%) actually generated negative total returns to date. The only outliers in the list of top 10 IPOs were Zomato (listed in July 2021) and Coal India (listed in April, 2010), which managed to generate excess returns i.e. more than what was generated by Nifty500. While Zomato's total return to date, which is considered a comprehensive gauge of a stock's profitability, stands at 265%, Coal India total returns are a massive 443%. In these cases, had you simply bought and held the Nifty500 index for a similar duration, your returns would've been 73%, and 435% respectively. Also, 5 of the biggest IPOs India has ever seen (Bajaj Housing Finance, Bharti Hexacom, Brainbees, Ola Electric) have come in the last 2 years. In some cases, having stayed put in your index investments would have yielded you far better returns. Consider this, FSN E-Commerce, Nykaa's parent company, listed on the exchanges on November 2021. Its total returns till date have been 2%, while had you invested in Nifty500 index, your returns would've been 53%. Similarly, the total returns to date on Bandhan Bank's stock, which listed in March 2018, was a negative 43%. But, the index has delivered a whopping 163% returns during the same time. Hits and Misses <table class="redcator-table-advance"><tbody><tr><td>Company Name</td><td>Total Returns to Date (In %)</td><td>CNX (Nifty500) Returns (In %)</td></tr><tr><td>Reliance Power (Feb 2008)</td><td>-81</td><td>961</td></tr><tr><td>Zomato (July 2021)</td><td>265</td><td>73</td></tr><tr><td>Gland Pharma (November 2020)</td><td>14</td><td>124</td></tr><tr><td>NHPC (September 2009)</td><td class="se-table-selected-cell">389</td><td>961</td></tr><tr><td>Indian Railways Finance Corporation (January 2021)</td><td>582</td><td>109</td></tr></tbody><tbody></tbody><tbody></tbody><tbody></tbody></table>Source: CapitalMind PMS <h2>Surge in IPOs? Not really </h2>It is impossible to overlook the sheer number of public offerings seen in the Indian markets over the past 2 years. Around 600 share sale offers have already hit the market since 2023. Out of these, 335 have come in this year, as of October 2024. While over Rs 50,000 crores have been raised by these share sales so far since 2023, only 22% of these funds raises have come from companies who are hitting the market for the first time i.e. bringing out their IPOs. The rest have come from already listed companies seeking to raise more funds. The biggest IPO that India has seen to date, that of <keyword id="19906087" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hyundai" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Hyundai" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Hyundai">Hyundai</keyword> Motor India, closes for subscription today. With an offer size of Rs 27,870.16 crore, it is 35% bigger than the previous biggest IPO in the country(LIC in May 2022). As of 12:30 pm today, Hyundai's offer had been 87% subscribed, with significant interest from QIBs and employees. At 0.43x, participation of retail investors remained largely subdued. Notably, an IPO is considered cancelled and withdrawn, if it fails to meet the 90% subscription threshold.

Do large IPOs guarantee large returns? Data suggests that 18 of India's biggest 30 IPOs did not generate solid returns

Market regulator <keyword id="19901201" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Sebi" source="keywords">SEBI</keyword> has issued notice to fintech firm <keyword id="20253123" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="One97-Communications" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="One97 Communications" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="One97 Communications">One97 Communications</keyword>, which owns the <keyword id="19898109" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Paytm" source="keywords">Paytm</keyword> brand, for the employee <keyword id="20410988" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="stock-options" source="keywords">stock options</keyword> (<keyword id="20043663" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ESOPs" source="keywords">ESOPs</keyword>) allocated to MD and CEO <keyword id="20004114" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vijay-shekhar-sharma" source="keywords">Vijay Shekhar Sharma</keyword>, according to the company filing on Monday. In response to a query from stock exchanges, Paytm said the notice is not a new development, and it is in regulatory contact with the market regulator to make required representations. According to Paytm's financial year 2024 annual result filing, it had issued 2.1 crore employee stock options (ESOP) to Sharma in the financial year 2022. SEBI had issued a show cause notice to Paytm on ESOP issued to Sharma. "This is not a new development, as the Company had already made relevant disclosures on this matter in its financial results for the quarter and year ended March 31, 2024, as well as the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The Company is in regular communication with the <keyword id="19970553" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="securities-exchange-board-of-india" source="keywords">Securities Exchange Board of India</keyword> (SEBI) and making necessary representations regarding this matter," Paytm said in response to a stock exchange query. The disclosure made on May 22 and July 19 said that Paytm has submitted its preliminary response and is in the process of seeking further information from the regulator in this regard. "Based on an independent legal opinion obtained by the management, it believes that the Company is compliant with the relevant regulations. Accordingly, there is no impact on the financial results for the year ended March 31, 2024," the filing said. Shares of One97 Communications Ltd, which owns the Paytm brand, on Monday dropped over 4% amid reports that SEBI has issued show-cause notices to Vijay Shekhar Sharma and board members who served during its IPO in November 2021 for alleged misrepresentation of facts. The stock tanked 4.41 % to settle at Rs 530.05 apiece on the BSE. During the day, it plunged 8.88 % to Rs 505.25. On the NSE, shares of the firm dropped 4.47 % to Rs 530. Intra-day, the stock tumbled 8.88 % to Rs 505.55. The company's market valuation declined by Rs 1,534.23 crore to Rs 33,731.56 crore. Earlier in the day, BSE sought clarification from One 97 Communications Ltd with reference to news that Vijay Shekhar Sharma, Paytm directors face SEBI show-cause notices over initial public offering (IPO) breaches, particularly on ESOPs allotted to MD and CEO Vijay Shekhar Sharma. In response to a query from stock exchanges, Paytm said the notice is not a new development, and it is in regulatory contact with the markets regulator to make required representations.

SEBI issues notice to Paytm on ESOPs given to CEO Sharma; firm says disclosure already made

<keyword id="19947542" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="One-97-Communications" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="One 97 Communications" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="One 97 Communications">One 97 Communications</keyword>, that operates popular fintech brand <keyword id="19898109" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Paytm" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Paytm" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Paytm">Paytm</keyword>, reported a 25 per cent rise in revenue at Rs 9,978 crore in the just concluded financial year 2023-24. The company attributed the growth to GMV growth, device additions, and growth in the financial services distribution business. Since its IPO, when the company went public, it for the first full year EBITDA before ESOP profitability of Rs 559 crore, its earnings results released Wednesday showed. In the January-March quarter, however, Paytm reported a revenue of Rs 2,267 crore, a modest decline of 3 per cent year-on-year. "In Q4 FY 2024, we had lower marketing spends, as we paused most of the user growth spending in the month of February and March. We expect to reinvest in these areas in the coming financial year," Paytm informed stock exchanges. "While we experienced a financial impact in Q4 due to the above disruptions, the full financial impact will be seen in Q1 FY 2025." Paytm says it is confident of seeing meaningful improvement starting from Q2 2024-25, based on restarting certain paused products and achieving steady growth in operating metrics. In Q1 of the current fiscal, its focus will be on acquiring new merchants, reactivation of inactive merchants, and redeployment of devices from inactive merchants to new merchants. "While there will be a smaller net addition of device merchants in Q1 FY 2025, we expect net additions to improve from thereon and recover to past trendlines by Q3 FY 2025." Its revenue from payment services were up 26 per cent to Rs 6,235 crore; net payment margin was up 50 per cent to Rs 2,955 crore; gross merchandise value (GMV) up 39 per cent to Rs 18.3 lakh crore. Merchant paying subscriptions for devices have reached 1.07 crore as of March 2024, an increase of 39 lakh. Revenue from financial services and others up 30 per cent to Rs 2,004 crore; value of loans distributed was up 48 per cent to Rs 52,390 crore. Further, Paytm said that the active rate and per device subscription revenue has been impacted. Merchant subscription revenue in Q4 was Rs 90 per device per month and it expects it to bottom out at Rs 80 in Q1, post which it should increase towards Rs 100 by Q4 of the current fiscal. "We continue to address our merchants' needs through innovative product launches and are backed by a large distribution and service network. We recently launched two more "Made in India" soundboxes which are customized to the needs of our merchants, with louder speakers and longer battery life." SEE ALSO:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/webstories/awfis-space-solutions-ipo-price-band-to-risk-factors-all-you-need-to-know/slidelist/110305597.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/webstories/awfis-space-solutions-ipo-price-band-to-risk-factors-all-you-need-to-know/slidelist/110305597.cms" target="_blank">Awfis Space Solutions IPO – Price band to risk factors, all you need to know</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sports/webstories/rajasthan-royals-vs-royal-challengers-bengaluru-head-to-head-record-key-players-and-more/slidelist/110298325.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sports/webstories/rajasthan-royals-vs-royal-challengers-bengaluru-head-to-head-record-key-players-and-more/slidelist/110298325.cms" target="_blank">Rajasthan Royals vs Royal Challengers Bengaluru: head-to-head record, key players and more</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/indias-pc-market-grows-by-2-6-in-q1-2024-recording-third-consecutive-quarter-with-growth/articleshow/110292150.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/indias-pc-market-grows-by-2-6-in-q1-2024-recording-third-consecutive-quarter-with-growth/articleshow/110292150.cms" target="_blank">India's PC market grows by 2.6% in Q1 2024, recording third consecutive quarter with growth</a>

Paytm registers 25% growth in revenue at ₹9,978 crore in 2023-24

New Delhi, <keyword id="20004114" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vijay-shekhar-sharma" source="keywords">Vijay Shekhar Sharma</keyword>, one of the most recognised faces of India's fintech industry, has seen a fair share of controversies. Sharma launched <keyword id="19898109" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="paytm" source="keywords">Paytm</keyword> - an acronym for 'pay through mobile' - offering mobile recharges. He launched wallet services in 2011 but the big push came with the 2016 demonetisation. He took out front-page ads in top newspapers with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's photo, calling demonetisation the "boldest decision in the financial history of independent India". With fewer currency notes in circulation, Paytm was on a roll. Sharma made a splash in 2018 by getting USD 300 million investment in Paytm from <keyword id="19921921" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="warren-buffett" source="keywords">Warren Buffett</keyword>'s Berkshire Hathaway. *Controversies* Paytm was mired in controversies with its Chinese connection following huge investments from Alibaba Group. The Chinese internet firm became the biggest shareholder in Paytm with a 34.7 per cent stake before the company's initial public offer. Alibaba group firm Antfin sold around 5 per cent shares to lower its stake below 25 per cent to comply with regulatory requirements at the time of IPO. To shed its Chinese-owned entity image, Paytm in August 2023 announced that founder and CEO Vijay Shekhar Sharma would acquire a 10.3 stake in Antfin through his overseas entity Resilient Asset Management BV which will make him the largest stakeholder in the company with 19.42 per cent stake. In return, Resilient issued a debt instrument --optionally convertible debentures, to Antfin thereby maintaining the economic interest of Alibaba group firm. With this transaction, Antfin's direct stake in Paytm was reduced to 13.5 per cent. Antfin further sold 3.6 per cent in Paytm to bring its shareholding to less than 10 per cent and at present holds 9.89 per cent of the fintech firm. The company's market cap has eroded drastically since the time of its listing. The company's IPO opened on November 8, 2021, in the price band of Rs 2,080-2,150 per share. The Paytm IPO made history with over Rs 18,300 crore share sale 'making it the largest public issue in India's corporate history. But the company's stock made a weak debut in the market on November 18 and hit a lower circuit after recording about 20 per cent decline during trading hours. It finally closed at Rs 1,560, down by about 27 per cent, compared to its issue price of Rs 2,150. Since then, Paytm shares have not been able to cross even half the mark of the issue price. After the <keyword id="19899808" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rbi" source="keywords">RBI</keyword>'s January 31 move, One97 Communications shares tanked around 40 per cent to close at Rs 487.05 on BSE on Friday. Billionaire businessman <keyword id="19952201" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="warren-buffet" source="keywords">Warren Buffet</keyword>'s Berkshire Hathaway sold its stake in Paytm at a loss of 31 per cent per share in November 2023. Berkshire Hathaway had invested in Paytm for about Rs 1279 per share but sold it for Rs 877.29 apiece. At present, Cayman Island-registered SAIF III Mauritius Company Limited is the single largest direct shareholder in Paytm with a 10.83 stake followed by Sharma's Resilient Asset Management BV with a 10.29 per cent stake. SAIF Partners is led by Chinese-origin entrepreneurs with Andrew Y Yan as its managing partner. *Paytm run-ins with RBI* RBI on June 19, 2018, prohibited Paytm Payments Bank from opening any new account and wallet with effect from June 20, 2018, on account of supervisory concerns, which were lifted by RBI on December 27, 2018, with effect from December 31, 2018. The Office of Banking Ombudsman issued a show-cause notice dated March 6, 2019, for Paytm Payments Bank's failure to monitor a certain account maintained with it which had shown a sudden increase in the velocity of daily transactions involving immediate transfer to other banks. The actions were found to be in the violation of RBI's provisions on KYC. RBI rejected Paytm Payments Services Ltd's (PPSL) application to operate as a payment aggregator on November 25, 2022. The banking regulator asked the firm to re-submit applications within 120 days after it gets government approval on investment made by OCL into PPSL as per FDI guidelines. The regulator asked PPSL to continue operations with the condition that no new merchants should be onboard. After completion of 120 days, RBI again granted PPSL an extension but without removing the bar on new merchant onboarding. RBI issued a show cause notice to PPBL on July 29, 2021 for submitting false information to RBI confirming completion of the transfer of the Bharat Bill Payment Operating Unit ("BBPOU") by OCL to PPBL on August 28, 2017. The actual transfer of the BBPOU business by the Company to PPBL was completed only by March 31, 2021. RBI on October 1, 2021, imposed a penalty amounting to Rs 1 crore on PPBL for a contravention of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007. RBI imposed a penalty of Rs 5.93 crore on PPBL on October 10, 2023, after it found several non-compliances including banks failure to identify beneficial owners in respect of entities on-boarded by it for providing payout services. RBI found that PPBL did not monitor payout transactions and carry out risk profiling of entities availing payout services, breached the regulatory ceiling of end of the day balance in certain customer advance accounts availing payout services. The banking regulator found that PPBL reported a cyber security incident with delay and failed to implement device binding control measures related to 'SMS delivery receipt check'. PPBL video-based customer identification process infrastructure failed to prevent connections from IP addresses outside India.

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Do large IPOs guarantee large returns? Data suggests that 18 of India's biggest 30 IPOs did not generate solid returns

Ira Alok Puranik

SEBI issues notice to Paytm on ESOPs given to CEO Sharma; firm says disclosure already made

PTI

Paytm registers 25% growth in revenue at ₹9,978 crore in 2023-24

ANI

Vijay Shekhar Sharma: The controversies of the architect of fintech

PTI

Here’s what analysts have to say about India’s biggest IPO ever from Paytm

BI India Bureau

Here’s what analysts have to say about India’s biggest IPO by Paytm

Business Insider India

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