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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Oil majors posted record profits for 2022, benefiting from the energy-market turmoil triggered by Russia's invasion of Ukraine.</li><li>US President Joe Biden thinks it's 'outrageous', saying the firms invested too little of such profits to boost output.</li></ul>The biggest oil companies of the West saw their combined profit swell to a whopping $221 billion last year, with the latest earning reports capturing many firsts in the businesses' histories. "Have you noticed Big Oil just reported its profits? Record profits," U.S. President Joe Biden said in his State of the Union speech on Tuesday. "Last year, they made $200 billion in the midst of a global energy crisis. I think it's outrageous," he said, referring to the top five firms.<a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/billionaire-tax-president-biden-share-buybacks-state-union-sotu-speech-2023-2?_gl=1*gz2gyl*_ga*NTQwNTIzMjY5LjE2NzM5NjU3NzI.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTY3NjAxOTEyNi4xMTIuMS4xNjc2MDIxMTYxLjAuMC4w">Biden criticized the oil majors</a> for using their record profits "to buy back their own stock, rewarding their CEOs and shareholders" instead of investing enough of the gains to cap gas prices by ramping up production to meet soaring demand. Global energy prices surged after Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, hitting multi-year highs in March, and then retreating over the subsequent quarters to reach pre-war levels in recent weeks. Last year's jump in energy prices, combined with major cost cuts implemented during the pandemic, helped propel the oil giants' profits to unprecedented peaks. Here's a list of the 2022 full-year profits of the seven American and European names among the world's 10 biggest oil companies, along with some analyst comments: <ol><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/xom-stock">Exxon Mobil</a> led the pack with $55.7 billion in profit for 2022, setting a record for the company and the West's petroleum industry as a whole. The oil giant's head financial officer Kathryn Mike told <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/exxon-smashes-western-oil-majors-earnings-record-with-59-billion-profit-2023-01-31/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reuters</a> that the significantly high earnings "came really from a combination of strong markets, strong throughput, strong production, and really good cost control."</li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/rydaf-stock">Shell</a> raked in $39.9 billion, more than doubling what it booked a year ago and slightly topping analyst expectations. It is the UK giant's biggest annual profit ever, <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/shell-earnings-profit-stock-buyback-record-oil-price-russia-ukraine-2023-2?_gl=1*1xrgc5r*_ga*NTQwNTIzMjY5LjE2NzM5NjU3NzI.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTY3NTk1MTIxNi4xMTAuMS4xNjc1OTUzMjcwLjAuMC4w">thanks to a strong fourth-quarter performance by its natural-gas business.</a></li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/ttfnf-stock">TotalEnergies</a> recorded $36.2 billion, a two-fold increase from a year before. CEO Patrick Pouyanne <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/totalenergies-ceo-russia-sanctions-are-creating-grey-oil-market-2023-02-08/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said Wednesday</a> that sanctions against Russia are creating a "grey market for oil" that is no longer unified. Unlike some of its rivals, the French oil major has maintained some of its investments in Russia. </li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/cvx-stock">Chevron</a> posted $35.5 billion, more than doubling the $15.6 billion it made in 2021. </li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/bp_1-stock">British Petroleum </a>booked a record of $27.7 billion, more than twice the amount from a year before. BP is <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/bp-stock-outlook-oil-gas-energy-news-renewable-spending-fuel-2023-2?_gl=1*xzf5o2*_ga*NTQwNTIzMjY5LjE2NzM5NjU3NzI.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTY3NTk1MTIxNi4xMTAuMS4xNjc1OTUzNDMxLjAuMC4w">shifting away from its renewables goals</a> to capitalize even more on the profitability of its investments in oil and gas. </li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/mpc-stock?miRedirects=1">Marathon Petroleum Corp.</a> recorded $14.5 billion, nearly 5 billion more than the U.S. refiner booked last year. Some analysts say the company's buybacks are creating more value for investors by a "wide margin" compared to its bigger rivals like Exxon and Chevron who also have sizable programs. </li><li><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/vlo-stock">Valero Energy Corp.</a> posted <a href="https://investorvalero.com/news/news-details/2023/Valero-Energy-Reports-2022-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-Results/default.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$11.5 billion,</a> beating the $930 million it made a year before. </li></ol>Saudi Aramco, the world's largest oil company by profit, will announce its full year 2022 earnings in March. China Petroleum &amp; Chemical Corp., known as Sinopec, and PetroChina are also on the top 10 list.

ExxonMobil, Shell lead Big Oil's eye-watering $221 billion profit binge that Biden has slammed as 'outrageous'

<ul><li>Sensex dropped nearly 115 points in early trade on Thursday. </li><li>Weak rupee and persistent foreign capital outflows impacted domestic equity market sentiments, traders said. </li><li><keyword id="6912" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="maruti" source="Orion">Maruti</keyword> was the top loser in the Sensex pack, shedding 1.31%, followed by <keyword id="42747" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="tata-motors" source="Orion">Tata Motors</keyword>, <keyword id="85462" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="bajaj-finserv" source="Orion">Bajaj Finserv</keyword>, SBI, Bharti Airtel, <keyword id="6407278" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="kotak-bank" source="Orion">Kotak Bank</keyword>, Axis Bank and Reliance Industries.</li></ul>Mumbai, Equity benchmark Sensex dropped nearly 115 points in early trade on Thursday tracking losses in index heavyweights Maruti, Tata Motors and Reliance industries amid mixed global cues. Besides, a weak rupee against major rivals and persistent foreign capital outflows impacted domestic equity market sentiments, traders said. In a volatile trade, the 30-share BSE index was trading 113.77 points or 0.19 per cent lower at 60,550.02 in early deals. Similarly, the broader <keyword id="372424" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nse-nifty" source="Orion">NSE Nifty</keyword> slipped 63.70 points or 0.36 per cent to 17,808. Maruti was the top loser in the Sensex pack, shedding 1.31 per cent, followed by Tata Motors, Bajaj Finserv, SBI, Bharti Airtel, Kotak Bank, Axis Bank and Reliance Industries. On the other hand, L&amp;T, <keyword id="111876" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="bajaj-finance" source="Orion">Bajaj Finance</keyword>, Infosys, PowerGrid and <keyword id="6357150" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="tcs" source="Orion">TCS</keyword> were the major gainers. Meanwhile, shares of Adani Power fell 5 per cent to 172.90 apiece on BSE in early deals, after the company on Wednesday reported a 96 per cent decline in consolidated net profit at Rs 8.77 crore for the December quarter. Edible oil major Adani Wilmar Ltd edged lower by 1.79 per cent to 411.85 per scrip, despite the company reporting a 16 per cent increase in its consolidated profit to Rs 246.16 crore for the third quarter ended December 2022. <keyword id="6367820" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="adani-group" source="Orion">Adani Group</keyword>'s flagship Adani Enterprises was trading 5.56 per cent down at Rs 2038.55 apiece on BSE. According to the RBI, domestic banks' exposure to the Adani Group is "not very significant", and the system is strong and large enough to not get impacted by a single case. Meanwhile, France's TotalEnergies has put on hold a planned investment in Adani Group's USD 50 billion hydrogen project pending results of an audit launched following allegations by a US short-seller, chief executive Patrick Pouyanne said on Wednesday. On Wednesday, the 30-share BSE Sensex rose by 377.75 points or 0.63 per cent to close at 60,663.79 and the broader Nifty of the NSE spurted by 150.20 points or 0.85 per cent to settle at 17,871.70, after the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) hiked the repo rate by 25 basis points. Elsewhere in Asia, bourses in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Seoul were trading with gains in mid-session deals while the Tokyo market closed in the negative territory. Equities on Wall Street ended significantly lower in the overnight trade. Meanwhile, the international oil benchmark Brent slipped 0.11 per cent to USD 85 per barrel. Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) were net sellers in capital markets as they offloaded shares worth Rs 736.82 crore on Wednesday, according to exchange data. RBI projected India's economic growth at 6.4 per cent for 2023-24, broadly in line with the estimate of the Economic Survey tabled in Parliament last week. It also estimated retail inflation to ease to 5.3 per cent in the next fiscal from 6.5 per cent this year on assumptions of lower imported inflation, even though core inflation remains sticky. The RBI's decision to hike the repo rate by 25 basis points was on expected lines but the policy focuses more on inflation despite the recent moderation in the number, bankers said on Wednesday. Analysts are of the view that after delivering the seventh hawkish policy on Wednesday, the central bank may pause after delivering a likely 25 basis points increase in the April review.

Sensex drops 115 points in early trade tracking losses in RIL, Maruti, & Tata Motors

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Oil prices will continue to stay high as production constraints look to keep crude supplies tight, according to the world's top energy giants.</li><li>"There is more upside than downside when it comes to the oil price," Shell's CEO said.</li></ul>Oil prices will continue to stay high as production constraints look to keep crude supplies tight, according to CEOs of the world's top energy giants.That should sustain massive profits at oil companies, with second-quarter earnings reports so far showing record hauls for the sector. Although oil prices have seen a downtrend in the past few months <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/oil-prices-fall-russian-shut-gas-supply-recession-fears-2022-7">due to recession fears</a>, crude staged a rally over the last week and West Texas Intermediate is still up more than 30% for the year. "There is more upside than downside when it comes to the oil price," Shell Chief Executive Ben van Beurden said in an <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-07-28/shell-ceo-sees-risk-of-even-higher-oil-prices-on-tight-supply">interview Thursday with Bloomberg TV</a> after his company's quarterly report. "Demand hasn't fully recovered yet, and supply is definitely tight."He noted OPEC and US shale companies have limited capacity for additional oil production, while Western sanctions on Russian oil have yet to fully kick in. The European Union's partial embargo will take effect by the end of the year, potentially removing another 2.2 million barrels from the market.TotalEnergies CEO Patrick Pouyanne said Thursday that global markets will struggle to develop spare production capacity for oil and liquefied natural gas in the coming year."This implies medium term support for high prices," he said on a conference call. Exxon Mobil CEO Darren Woods also pointed to production constraints as he sized up the oil price outlook on Friday. It takes about three to five years for investments to translate to additional supply, <a href="https://twitter.com/SquawkCNBC/status/1552992093282385923">he told CNBC</a>. Meanwhile, there are still no signs of significant demand destruction for fuel."Clearly, to lower prices, the industry needs to increase investment and catch up to recovering demand. Unfortunately, this will take time," Wood said on an earnings conference call Friday.ConocoPhillips CEO Ryan Lance also told an industry group earlier this month that OPEC and US producers are limited in how much more oil they can pump."Ultimately, demand will go back to pre-pandemic levels," he said, according to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/conocophillips-ceo-warns-oil-supply-shortages-price-volatility-2022-07-19/">Reuters</a>. "There is a supply crunch coming."

Oil prices will stay high as production constraints keep supplies tight, top CEOs say

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="11894337" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="russia" source="Orion">Russia</keyword> has said it will temporarily block foreign companies from exiting investments in the country.</li><li><keyword id="11894370" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="bp" source="Orion">BP</keyword>, <keyword id="12026194" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="shell" source="Orion">Shell</keyword> and other major companies have said they'll cut ties to Russia over the war in Ukraine.</li></ul>Russia plans to temporarily block Western companies from exiting their investments in the country, as the government steps up the defense of its troubled economy and BP and others scramble to cut ties there.Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin told a government meeting Tuesday that Moscow is preparing a presidential decree that would temporarily limit the ability of foreign investors to sell Russian assets.The move came after the US and its allies imposed tough new <keyword id="12754126" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="sanctions" source="Orion">sanctions</keyword> on Russia's banks and central bank that have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-western-sanctions-affecting-russian-economy-ukraine-central-bank-putin-2022-2">piled the pressure</a> on the country's financial system and on Western companies with Russian links."In the current situation of sanctions, foreign entrepreneurs are forced to work based, not on economic concerns, but under political pressure," Mishustin said, according to Bloomberg's translation. He did not provide further details on the temporary ban.Western companies have rushed for the exit after Russia invaded Ukraine last Thursday, unleashing what could become Europe's bloodiest war since 1945.<a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/bp-stock?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">BP</a> is set to sell its almost 20% stake in oil exploration company Rosneft, potentially <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bp-dumps-stake-in-russian-oil-giant-rosneft-ukraine-attack-2022-2?r=US&amp;IR=T&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">racking up a $25 billion loss</a>. Fellow oil giant <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/rydaf-stock?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">Shell</a> and Norwegian state energy company Equinor have also said they'll exit joint ventures in Russia. France's TotalEnergies said it would no longer provide capital for new projects in Russia, according to a <a href="https://twitter.com/PPouyanne/status/1498598308633358336">tweet</a> from chief executive Patrick Pouyanne. It was unclear what effect the Russian move would have on the companies as of Tuesday morning.Major financial index provider MSCI said it's considering cutting Russian assets from its benchmark indices, which could cut the amount of investment in the country.Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/investing-strategies-hawkish-fed-tight-money-policy-russia-ukraine-invasion-2022-2?r=US&amp;IR=T" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">A Wall Street veteran weighs in on why escalating Russia-Ukraine tensions are unlikely to delay the Fed's hawkish campaign to raise rates — and shares 3 commodity-based strategies to leverage in this environment</a>Russia's plans to temporarily block the selling of assets further complicates the picture for investors, however.The decision by the US and its allies to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-close-swift-ban-more-eu-countries-support-ejection-2022-2?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">cut certain Russian banks off</a> from the SWIFT global payments messaging system had already raised concerns that it would be very difficult to sell domestic assets.On top of that, the Moscow stock exchange has been <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/russia-stock-market-closed-ukraine-conflict-sanctions-univestable-bonds-ruble-2022-3">shut for Monday and Tuesday</a> as authorities try to limit financial damage. The country's stock market plunged <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/russia-bans-short-selling-stock-market-plunge-ukraine-invasion-putin-2022-2?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">as much as 50%</a> in a day last week.London-listed Russian assets have been pulverized in recent days. Russia's biggest bank, Sberbank, fell as much as 77% Monday in London and was down <a href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/SBER/sberbank-of-russia/company-page">more than 94%</a> since the start of the year as of Tuesday. Energy company Gazprom's London shares were down <a href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/OGZD/pjsc-gazprom/company-page">more than 70%</a> over the same period.

Russia will ban Western companies from exiting investments as BP and others dash for the door

Ahmedabad, Deepening its <keyword id="116175" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="strategic-alliance">strategic alliance</keyword> in India's sustainable energy space, French energy major Total proposes to acquire 20% minority interest in Adani Green Energy Ltd. (AGEL). The deal will be completed with Total acquiring shares held by the Adani Promoter Group in AGEL. The transaction marks the deepening partnership between the <keyword id="6367820" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="adani-group">Adani Group</keyword> and Total -- in the transition and green energy fields in India. The investment in AGEL is another step in the strategic alliance between Adani Group and Total, across various businesses and companies of the Adani Group, covering investments in LNG terminals, gas utility business, and renewable assets across India. In 2018, Total and Adani embarked on the energy partnership with investment by Total in <keyword id="5214668" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-Gas-Limited">Adani Gas Limited</keyword>, city gas distribution business, associated LNG terminal business and gas marketing business. Total acquired 37.4% stake in Adani Gas Limited and 50 per cent stake in Dhamra LNG project. During the development of this partnership, it was further agreed that Total and Adani shall continue this alliance into the wider sustainable energy space. Total and Adani agreed the acquisition of a 50 per cent stake in a 2.35 GW portfolio of operating solar assets owned by AGEL and a 20 per cent stake in AGEL for a global investment of $ 2.5 Billion. India has set a policy target of setting up 450 GW of renewable power capacity by 2030. In this context, Adani Group and Total have joined hands to develop green power sources at affordable prices and to deliver transformational energy solutions. AGEL, started in 2015 with the world's largest single location solar power project located in Kamuthi, Tamil Nadu (648 MW) has come a long way to be ranked as the number one global solar power generation asset developer by Mercom Capital. As on date, AGEL has over 14.6 GW of contracted <keyword id="4400882" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="renewable-capacity">renewable capacity</keyword>, with an operating capacity of 3 GW and another 3 GW under construction and 8.6 GW under development. The company aims to achieve 25 GW of renewable power generation by 2025. Speaking on the occasion, Adani Group Chairman, Gautam Adani, said, "We are delighted to deepen our strategic alliance with Total, a global energy major, and welcome them as a significant shareholder in <keyword id="4543956" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="adani-green-energy-limited">Adani Green Energy Limited</keyword>. We have a shared vision of developing renewable power at affordable prices to enable a sustainable energy transformation in India. We look forward to working together towards delivering India's vision for 450 GW renewable energy by 2030." Speaking on the occasion, Total CEO, Patrick Pouyanne, said, "This agreement is an important step in our alliance with the Adani Group in India and our common vision and goals with respect to the importance of access to low carbon energy in India. Our entry into AGEL is a major milestone in our strategy in the renewable energy business in India put in place by both parties, which began with our first joint venture 2.3GW of renewable capacity. Given the size of the market, India is the right place to put into action/to deploy our energy transition strategy based on two pillars: renewables and natural gas." The Adani Promoter Group was represented by Clifford Chance and Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas. Total was represented by Latham &amp; Watkins and AZB Partners. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/how-rakesh-jhunjhunwala-backed-nazara-technologies-is-preparing-for-its-big-ipo-debut/articleshow/80321946.cms">The startup behind Chhota Bheem, Motu Patlu and Shikari Shambhu is back with an IPO plan ⁠⁠— after a series of acquisitions and fundraisings</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/heres-what-analysts-have-to-say-about-the-4634-crore-indian-railway-finance-corporation-irfc-ipo/articleshow/80323479.cms?upcache=2">The ₹4,600 crore IPO from IRFC is ‘attractive,’ and the best thing about the borrowing arm for Indian Railways is the assured margin</a>

French energy major Total proposes to acquire 20% stake in Adani Green Energy

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Christophe Petit Tesson/Pool via REUTERSNotre-Dame will never be the same.</div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>France's super-rich have pledged to donate millions to help rebuild the Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris after <a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/notre-dame-cathedral-fire-photos-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a devastating fire.</a></li><li>The donors include billionaires LVMH chairman and CEO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-bernard-arnault-richest-person-in-europe-lvmh-life-photos-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bernard Arnault,</a> Kering founder <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/francois-pinault-kering-art-collection-gucci-house-christies-net-worth-2019-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">François-Henri Pinault</a>, the <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/16/business/francois-henri-pinault-bernard-arnault-notre-dame-donation/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bettencourt Meyers family</a>, which controls L'Oreal, and many other French companies.</li><li>Apple CEO <a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/apple-will-help-rebuild-notre-dame-cathedral-tim-cook-says-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tim Cook said his company will also donate</a> but didn't give a specific amount.</li><li>At least $728 million has been pledged so far.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit BusinessInsider.com for more stories</a>.</li></ul>France's super-rich have stepped in and pledged to donate millions to help rebuild Notre-Dame, one of the most iconic sights in Paris, after the centuries-old cathedral was devastated by a fire.<a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/notre-dame-cathedral-paris-fire-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The fire toppled the cathedral's iconic spire</a> and led to the collapse of the roof, but the two bell towers and much of the shell of the structure were saved.Read more: <a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/notre-dame-cathedral-fire-photos-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Heartbreaking photos show the 800-year-old Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris burning to the ground</a>French president <a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/notre-dame-cathedral-paris-fire-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Emmanuel Macron has vowed to rebuild the cathedral</a>, and it seems he'll have the help of millions of dollars from some of France's wealthiest citizens.At least $728 million has so far been pledged <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/notre-dame-rebuild-fund-donations-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">to help rebuild the beloved cathedral.</a><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">REUTERS/Gonzalo FuentesThe Notre-Dame Cathedral the day after it was devastated by a fire.</div></div></div>LVMH chairman and CEO and France's richest person <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-bernard-arnault-richest-person-in-europe-lvmh-life-photos-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bernard Arnault</a>, Kering founder <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/francois-pinault-kering-art-collection-gucci-house-christies-net-worth-2019-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">François-Henri Pinault</a>, and the <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/16/business/francois-henri-pinault-bernard-arnault-notre-dame-donation/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bettencourt Meyers family</a>, which controls L'Oreal, are among the major donors so far. Together, the billionaires behind the three French luxury groups pledged $565 million.Here are all the people who've <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/notre-dame-rebuild-fund-donations-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pledged donations</a> so far:<ul><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-bernard-arnault-richest-person-in-europe-lvmh-life-photos-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bernard Arnault</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/lvmh" target="_blank" rel="noopener">LVMH</a> chairman and CEO: $226 million</li><li><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-notredame-loreal-idUSKCN1RS1B9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bettencourt Meyers family</a>, owners of L'Oreal: $226 million</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/francois-pinault-kering-art-collection-gucci-house-christies-net-worth-2019-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">François Pinault</a>, owner and founder of <a href="https://www.kering.com/en/">Kering</a> luxury group: $113 million</li><li><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/16/notre-dame-fire-louis-vuitton-and-gucci-owners-give-over-300-million.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Patrick Pouyanne</a>, CEO of French energy company Total: $113 million</li><li><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-notredame-donations-factbox/factbox-donors-pledge-over-700-million-euros-to-rebuild-notre-dame-cathedral-idUSKCN1RS1K1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Marc Ladreit de Lacharriere</a>, CEO of French investment group Fimalac: $11.3 million</li><li><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-notredame-vinci/french-construction-group-vinci-urges-peers-to-join-notre-dame-repair-effort-idUSKCN1RS0R3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Martin Bouygues</a>, CEO of French telecom company Bouygues, and brother Olivier: $11.3 million</li><li><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/16/notre-dame-fire-louis-vuitton-and-gucci-owners-give-over-300-million.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">JCDecaux</a>, French advertising group: $11.3 million</li><li><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/16/notre-dame-fire-louis-vuitton-and-gucci-owners-give-over-300-million.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Societe Generale</a>, French financial services company: $11.3 million</li><li><a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/notre-dame-rebuild-fund-donations-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Crédit Agricole</a>, French bank: $5.6 million</li><li><a href="https://www.thisisinsider.com/apple-will-help-rebuild-notre-dame-cathedral-tim-cook-says-2019-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tim Cook, Apple CEO</a>: unknown amount</li></ul>The cause of the fire that ravaged the 850-year-old cathedral is still unknown. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vegan-restaurant-college-kid-chef-fried-chicken-brooklyn-nyc-2019-3">Meet the 22-year-old college kid with her own vegan restaurant</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

Here are all the people and companies who have collectively pledged nearly $730 million so far to help rebuild Notre-Dame after the disastrous fire

Thomson ReutersUkrainian President Petro Poroshenko speaks with UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres in Kiev.Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko and NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg met in Kiev on Monday and discussed the prospect of Ukraine joining the alliance."Today we clearly stated that we would begin a discussion about a membership action plan and our proposals for such a discussion were accepted [by Stoltenberg] with pleasure," Poroshenko <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-nato-idUSKBN19V12V" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">told</a> reporters while standing next to the NATO chief."We are also here to demonstrate NATO's solidarity with Ukraine and our firm support for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of your country," Stoltenberg <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-nato-says-it-supports-ukraine-against-russias-aggressive-actions-2017-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">told</a> reporters.The majority of Ukrainians want their country to join NATO too. A poll by the Democratic Initiatives Foundation in June <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-nato-idUSKBN19V12V" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">found</a> that about 69% of Ukrainians favor joining. The Ukrainian parliament also passed a resolution that month in support of becoming the 30th member of NATO.Ukraine must still pass a number of economic and anti-corruption reforms before becoming a member. Poroshenko acknowledged this on Monday, pledging to "<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ap-ukraine-says-it-will-focus-on-reforms-not-nato-membership-2017-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">build a genuine program of reforms</a>" and "<a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-nato-idUSKBN19V12V" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">have a clear schedule of what must be done by 2020 to meet the NATO membership criteria</a>."But John Herbst, former US ambassador to Ukraine and current director of the Atlantic Council's Eurasia Center, told Business Insider that "2020 is an optimistic scenario."Herbst said Ukraine probably wouldn't be able to join for another 10 years or more because the European NATO members "are anxious about provoking Moscow."Alexei Druzhinin/RIA Novosti/Kremlin /ReutersRussian President Vladimir Putin at a meeting with chief executive officer of France's Total, Patrick Pouyanne, at the Bocharov Ruchei state residence in Sochi, November 28, 2014.In order to join NATO, Ukraine also cannot have any territorial disputes, which it does in Crimea and the Donbass, an eastern area of the country where Kiev has been battling Russian-backed separatists since 2014.Nevertheless, if Ukraine became a member, "you can't rule out additional aggression by Moscow," Herbst said. But at the same time, "Moscow would be limited in how it would respond" because its aggression is already causing it "probems in terms of sanctions and international isolation" - such as their <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">removal</a> from the G8 in 2014.Russia has been using <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/us-special-ops-looking-counteracting-russias-hybrid-warfare-2017-5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hybrid warfare</a> techniques against the former Soviet satellite since the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.At least 13 high-profile assassinations in Ukraine have been <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-ukrainian-officer-killed-car-bomb-was-investigating-russia-2017-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">linked</a> to Russia in the last three years, and Ukraine has also been the victim of multiple cyberattacks thought to be perpetrated by the Kremlin, most recently the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/petya-cyberattack-hit-64-countries-no-kill-switch-2017-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Petya</a> attack on June 27.Daniel Brown/Business InsiderA Ukrainian soldier smokes a cigarette as gunfire and shellfire rain down in Avdiivka, Ukraine, in April 2017.The US and NATO have already begun to help Ukraine defend against such attacks.Stoltenberg <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ap-nato-were-supplying-new-cybersecurity-equipment-to-ukraine-2017-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pledged</a> on Monday that NATO would give Ukraine more hardware to defend against cyberwarfare attacks. Members of the Oklahoma National Guard are helping <a href="https://www.stripes.com/news/us-soldiers-ukrainian-forces-train-to-hold-ground-1.462224" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">train</a> Ukrainian troops, and the US recently <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/r-us-army-gear-could-be-made-in-ukraine-under-new-defence-deals-2017-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">announced</a> that it would help provide Ukraine with more defense military equipment.This is the kind of support - equipment, military training, intelligence - that would be increased, Herbst said, if the war ended and Ukraine joined NATO.But, he said, "Russia's behavor in Ukraine suggests they're willing to do extreme things to achieve their ends." And until Russia has a "less beligerent president," Herbst added, Ukraine may not become a NATO member. <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-politicians-parliament-russia-oleh-lyashko-vladimir-putin-yuriy-boyko-kiev-kremlin-crimea-2016-11">Watch 2 Ukrainian politicians brawl after one is accused of working with Russia</a></h3> Please enable Javascript to watch this video

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