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The introduction of imaginary numbers was a surprising moment for many of us in school. Dealing with regular maths daily was already challenging, but now we had to grasp the concept of the truly incomprehensible.<br /><br />Astronomers, who are known for their penchant for tackling challenging problems, grapple with this concept regularly. Their journey to unveil the secrets of the cosmos often leads them to confront <keyword id="86041" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="dark-matter" source="Orion">dark matter</keyword>, a theoretical form of matter that is essentially unobservable!<br /><br />However, one should not underestimate the significance of this. According to scientific models, dark matter constitutes 26% of the universe, which is more than five times the amount of ordinary matter that we can see. This enigmatic substance has existed since the dawn of time, influencing the universe's structure and the creation of galaxies.<br /><br />Remarkably, there are entire galaxies predominantly composed of dark matter. In 2016, astronomers discovered the Dragonfly 44 <keyword id="19277695" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="ultra-diffuse-galaxy" source="Orion">Ultra Diffuse Galaxy</keyword> (<keyword id="4565800" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="udg" source="Orion">UDG</keyword>). Dragonfly 44 is as massive as our <keyword id="67503" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="milky-way" source="Orion">Milky Way</keyword>, but it lacks the usual bright stars and galactic structure. Further investigation revealed that most of this galaxy's mass comes from dark matter.<br /><br />Throughout history, scientists have encountered dark galaxies when they observed simple gas clouds exerting an inexplicable gravitational force on other celestial structures. While confirming a dark galaxy is challenging, there are several candidates that meet the criteria.<br /><br />Moreover, there are galaxies that, while not entirely dark, come close to that definition due to their limited luminosity. These "near-dark galaxies" are rare and typically contain a substantial amount of dark matter. Scientists may have just identified the largest one to date!<br /><br />The "<keyword id="19277697" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nube" source="Orion">Nube</keyword>" galaxy, which is 10 billion years old, was found through an analysis of data from the IAC Stripe 82 Legacy Project, a focused study of a specific region of the sky imaged by the SDSS <keyword id="81842" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="telescope" source="Orion">Telescope</keyword>. With a half-mass radius (an imaginary boundary where the galaxy encompasses half of its estimated mass) of 22,500 light years, it is three times larger than a typical UDG!<br /><br />Additionally, its very low optical emissions give it a surface brightness of only 26.75 mag/arcsec2, which is ten times fainter than regular UDGs, already among the dimmest galaxies in the observable universe. To put it in perspective, deep-sky objects above 22 mag/arcsec are considered faint, with a completely dark sky having a surface brightness of 21.8 mag/arcsec.<br /><br />Nube also has a stellar mass of approximately 390 million times that of our <keyword id="24879" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="sun" source="Orion">Sun</keyword>, meaning the Milky Way, with all its luminosity, is about 3,800 times more massive than this near-dark galaxy. However, comparing these two distinct galaxy types may not be entirely fair, given that even typical UDGs typically have only 1% as many stars as our home galaxy.<br /><br />The discovery of Nube has sparked intriguing discussions about the origin and nature of such galaxies: did these peculiar properties emerge during its formation, or did something occur later? Exciting discoveries are on the horizon!<br /><br />The results of this research have been published in a preprint journal and can be accessed <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.12231" data-type="tilCustomLink">here</a>.

Darker than the night sky: Scientists discover biggest "near-dark" galaxy ever!

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>A chemical explosion at a warehouse in Spain has caused a toxic, orange cloud to spread over two towns outside Barcelona, <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/12/chemical-explosion-spain_n_6668360.html">the AP reports</a>.&#xa0;<p>Firefighters are urging the 40,000 residents of the towns of both Igualada and Odena to stay inside until the cloud disappears.&#xa0;</p><p>The explosion occurred when nitric acid and ferric chloride being delivered to a warehouse in Igualada mixed, exploded, and set a truck on fire.&#xa0;</p><p>The AP reports that two people were slightly injured.&#xa0;</p><p>The cloud's unnatural hue looks incredibly eerie:&#xa0;</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer">&#xa0;The AP reports that the towns' water systems are also being checked:</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer">&#xa0;The Spain Report tweeted that the orange cloud has spread into a "fine mist":</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer">This woman tweeted her concern for the impacts on the environment:</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer">&#xa0;This woman refers to it as the "magic cloud":</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer">&#xa0;"I am not able to go outside" this woman tweets:</p><div><div></div></div><p class="embed-spacer"></p><p class="embed-spacer"></p><p class="embed-spacer"></p><p class="embed-spacer"></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mark-cuban-on-fame-and-being-rich-2014-12">Mark Cuban: Here's The Hardest Part Of Being A Billionaire</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="tyNnJhcjoaSxvcEHLlRH-szrtKmLvy3S" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

A terrifying orange cloud spreads over two Spanish towns after a chemical explosion

<p>A self-proclaimed spiritual guru in <keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> has sparked outrage with his callous remarks about the gang <keyword id="39493" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Rape">rape</keyword> of a 23-year old in India who succumbed to her injuries on December 26.</p>
<p><a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Delhi-gang-rape-victim-as-guilty-as-her-rapists-Asaram-Bapu-says/articleshow/17922913.cms">The Times of India</a> quotes Asaram Bapu's speech to his devotees:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">"Only 5-6 people are not the culprits. The victim is as guilty as her rapists... She should have called the culprits brothers and begged before them to stop... This could have saved her dignity and life. Can one hand clap? I don't think so."</p>
<p><a href="http://ibnlive.in.com/news/asaram-joins-girls-are-responsible-for-rape-bandwagon-stirs-a-row/314437-3.html">CNN IBN reports</a> that his spokesperson Neelam Dube has since come out to say that he has been misrepresented by the press and that he was just warning his female devotees to be careful. "His statement is being misquoted...he just said that the victim is 1 per cent to be blamed," Nube said. "She shouldn't have taken that bus. He was just asking his female devotees to be careful, media is misquoting him."</p>
<p>India's ruling Congress Party has since called on him to withdraw his comments. Many have blamed misogynistic views and moral policing on the part of many <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/delhi-gang-rape-friend-breaks-silence-2013-1">Indian policemen</a> and policymakers for India's horrible record on sexual violence against women.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, five of the six accused in the gang rape and murder of the 23-year old were brought to Delhi's Saket District Court for trial but a <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-20930101">ruckus created by lawyers</a> that denounced a lawyer representing the accused delayed the court proceedings. It also forced the court to allow an <a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Delhi-gang-rape-case-Court-orders-in-camera-trial/articleshow/17922344.cms">in-camera trial</a> that prevents the media from reporting any of the news without the court's permission. Their next hearing is scheduled for January 10.</p>
<p>The sixth accused could face charges in a juvenile court as police still wait bone-density test results.</p>
<p>You can see Bapu make the comment in the clip <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lP6kltCk4AM">via CNN IBN</a>:</p>
<p></p>

Indian Guru Sparks Outrage By Saying Gang Rape Victim Was As Guilty As The Rapists

You Searched For "nube" and got 3 results

Darker than the night sky: Scientists discover biggest "near-dark" galaxy ever!

Ankush Banerjee

A terrifying orange cloud spreads over two Spanish towns after a chemical explosion

JILLIAN D'ONFRO

Indian Guru Sparks Outrage By Saying Gang Rape Victim Was As Guilty As The Rapists

Mamta Badkar

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