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Perth: (The Conversation) Last week, three tiny Australian satellites from Curtin University's <keyword id="23932163" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Binar-Space-Program" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Binar Space Program" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Binar Space Program">Binar Space Program</keyword> burned up in Earth's atmosphere. That was always going to happen. In fact, Binar means "fireball" in the Noongar language of the First Nations people of Perth. When a satellite is in low Earth orbit (2,000km or less), it experiences orbital decay as it drags closer and closer to the surface, eventually burning up. But these cube satellites (<keyword id="21533654" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CubeSats" source="keywords">CubeSats</keyword>), known as Binar-2, 3 and 4, entered the atmosphere much sooner than originally planned. They only lasted for two months - a third of what was expected. This significantly reduced valuable time for science and testing new systems. The reason for their untimely demise? Our Sun has kicked into high gear, and the Binar satellites are far from the only casualty. Recent high <keyword id="20792842" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Solar-activity" source="keywords">solar activity</keyword> has been causing an unexpected headache for satellite operators in the last few years, and it's only increasing. <h2>Why is the Sun so active? </h2> Solar activity includes phenomena such as sunspots, solar flares and solar wind - the stream of charged particles that flows toward Earth. This activity is a product of the Sun's ever-changing magnetic field, and approximately every 11 years, it completely flips. At the midpoint of this cycle, solar activity is at its highest. While this cycle is known, specific solar activity is challenging to predict - the dynamics are complex and solar forecasting is in its infancy. In the last few months, indicators of solar activity were more than one and a half times higher than predictions for this point in the current cycle, labelled <keyword id="22712826" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="solar-cycle-25" source="keywords">solar cycle 25</keyword>. <h2>The impact of <keyword id="20087207" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-weather" source="keywords">space weather</keyword> </h2> Space weather refers to the environmental effects that originate from outside our atmosphere (mostly the Sun). It affects us on Earth in a variety of noticeable and unnoticeable ways. The most obvious is the presence of auroras. In the past few months, auroras have been visible far more intensely and closer to the equator than in the last two decades. This is a direct result of the increased solar activity. Space weather, and solar activity in particular, also creates additional challenges for satellites and satellite operators. Higher solar activity means more solar flares and stronger solar wind - resulting in a higher flux of charged particles that can damage or disrupt electrical components on satellites. It also means an increase in ionising radiation, resulting in a higher dose for astronauts and pilots, and potential disruptions to long-distance radio communications. But for satellites in low Earth orbit, the most consistent effect of solar activity is that the extra energy gets absorbed into the outer atmosphere, causing it to balloon outward. As a result, all satellites less than 1,000km from Earth experience a significant increase in <keyword id="23473319" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="atmospheric-drag" source="keywords">atmospheric drag</keyword>. This is a force that disrupts their orbit and causes them to fall towards the planet's surface. Notable satellites in this region include the International Space Station and the Starlink constellation. These satellites have thrusters to counteract this effect, but these corrections can be expensive. Low Earth orbit also contains many university satellites, such as the Binar CubeSats. Cube satellites are rarely equipped with tools that can adjust their altitude, so they're entirely at the mercy of space weather. <h2>What happened to Binar? </h2> The Binar Space Program is a satellite research program operating out of Curtin University. It aims to advance our understanding of the Solar System and lower the barrier for operating in space. The program began operations with its first satellite, Binar-1, in September 2021. This was less than a year into solar cycle 25 when solar activity was relatively low. In these conditions, the ten-centimetre cube satellite started at an altitude of 420km and survived a full 364 days in orbit. The program's follow-up mission - Binar-2, 3, and 4 - were three equally sized CubeSats. However, they were expected to last approximately six months owing to the extra surface area from new deployable solar arrays and a forecast increase in solar activity. Instead, they only made it to two months before burning up. While cube satellite missions are relatively cheap, the premature ending of a mission will always be costly. This is even more true for commercial satellites, highlighting the need for more accurate space weather forecasting. The good news is the Sun will calm down again. Despite the current unexpectedly high solar activity, it will likely slow down by 2026, and is expected to return to a solar minimum in 2030. While this was not an explicit goal of the mission, the Binar Space Program has now poignantly demonstrated the dramatic effects of solar activity on space operations. While the untimely loss of Binar-2, 3 and 4 was unfortunate, work has already begun on future missions. They are expected to launch into far more forgiving space weather. (The Conversation).

Right now, the Sun is far more active than predicted - and small satellites are paying the price

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Donald Trump wants to divide US rivals Russia and China.</li><li>An area of tension is China's new assertiveness in Central Asia.</li></ul>At the Valdai forum last week, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/six-telling-moments-putin-speech-valdai-congratulated-trump-china-ukraine-2024-11">Russian President Vladimir Putin</a> was keen to tamp down rumors of simmering tensions with his closest global ally, China's leader <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/xi-jinping-painful-road-ahead-rainy-days-new-stimulus-china-2024-10">Xi Jinping.</a>The source of the perceived tension is <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-plan-divide-china-russia-axis-is-likely-fail-2024-11">China's growing assertiveness in Central Asia</a>. The region is the latest area in which Xi has launched an audacious bid to increase his political and economic authority and cement its dominance in rare-earth minerals."What is happening in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/turkmenistan-what-life-is-like-inside-secretive-dictatorship-2019-10">Central Asia? </a>Many expected it to be a site of conflict or clash between China and Russia," Putin told the forum. "This has not happened."But the reassurances will not convince everyone, and among those <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-plan-divide-china-russia-axis-is-likely-fail-2024-11">on the lookout for signs of division</a> between Putin and Xi is President-elect Donald Trump. The Republican, days before his election, criticized the Biden Administration for allowing China and Russia, the US' two most powerful adversaries, to draw closer together and said that when he takes office, he'd be seeking to drive them apart. The power grab over rare-earth minerals in Central Asia could be among the issues he will seek to exploit.<h2 id="421107c0-1c53-4350-b648-36a082b91bd8">A power struggle over rare-earth minerals </h2>At stake for the US in Central Asia is not just political power but access to the region's reserves of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-rare-earth-minerals-stockpile-mystery-opacity-worries-experts-2024-6">rare-earth minerals</a> such as uranium, lithium, and tantalum.Rare-earth minerals are needed to make all sorts of products, from F-35 stealth fighters and smartphones to internet <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://www.sciencenews.org/article/rare-earth-elements-properties-technology">fiber-optic cables</a> and MRI machines."If rare earth elements are the crude oil of the 21st century, then Central Asia and Mongolia may be the Saudi Arabias of these strategic minerals," <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://thediplomat.com/2023/12/central-asias-rare-earths-may-fuel-energy-transition/">wrote</a> Wilder Alejandro Sánchez, an analyst at consulting firm Second Floor Strategies."Just like the Middle East, the region is subject to intense and divergent political pressures. Russia and China border the region, each exercising their influence at the other's expense and eager to keep the West out."<div type="image" title="Putin - Xi" height="683" width="1024" msid="115221998" hostid="261" sizebytes="62066"></div>China has the biggest global reserves of these materials. It produces around 60% of the world's rare-earth minerals and processes nearly 90%, according to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/what-chinas-ban-rare-earths-processing-technology-exports-means">the Center for Strategic and International Studies.</a>To cement its dominance, China is also <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/xi-china-putin-russia-frenemies-limits-power-sphere-influence-2024-7">spending billions on infrastructure in Central Asia</a> and brokering new trade and security deals.At the same time, Western leaders are seeking to strengthen their influence in the area and secure access to its resources. France's President Emmanuel Macron visited Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan last November and Germany's Chancellor Olaf Scholz visited the region in September.'It would be a blow to our interests if either China or Russia established overwhelming influence there," John Herbst, who served as US Ambassador to Uzbekistan between 2000-2003, told Business Insider. "The key, of course, are Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.""Rare earths, especially in Kazakhstan, are one more reason to establish closer relations in the region and especially its two principal nations."Stefan Wolff, a professor of international security at the University of Birmingham in the UK told BI that Trump could seek to broker a deal with Putin to gain better US access to developing Central Asia's rare-earth mineral resources — and exclude China."There are rare-earth minerals worth exploring/exploiting, and if the US/EU could strike a major deal with [Kazakhstan's capital] Astana, this would certainly contribute to breaking China's monopoly," said Wolff."So, the incentive is clearly there to regain a foothold in Central Asia."<div type="image" title="Xi, Kazakhstan" height="683" width="1024" msid="115222002" hostid="261" sizebytes="38170"></div><h2 id="ba868742-2b53-45b0-8d95-8cef1355430c">Central Asian nations seek autonomy from the Kremlin </h2>China's growing presence in Central Asia is likely enraging the Kremlin, say observers. But Russia is so indebted to China for its diplomatic and economic support in Ukraine, that it's in no position to protest. "There are clearly tensions between Russia and the Central Asian successor states of the Soviet Union," Wolff said.He pointed to recent tensions between Kazakhstan and Russia. The Central Asian<a target="_blank" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-bans-vegetables-from-kazakhstan-after-country-refuses-to-join-brics/"> nations refused to join the BRICS </a>alliance, which Russia has sought to expand as a bulwark against the US. In October, Russia banned some agricultural exports to Kazakhstan in response.Despite Putin's bid to portray the relationship with China in Central Asia as part of a mutually beneficial "no limits" partnership, tensions remain between them.For now, Xi and Putin are determined to supplant the US as the world's dominant powers."But if one of them decides that working against the US damages their international position, their partnership will wither away because even today there are tensions in their relationship," said Herbst."Even today, China has not hidden its long-term revanchist ambitions over Russian, Kazakhstani, Kyrgyz, and Tajikistani territory."<h2 id="b5d0c707-0b3e-4b5e-9154-35b569ac4c2d">Russia and China have too much to gain</h2>For now, dismantling China and Russia to gain more US access to Central Asia seems like a long shot.Russia and China have too much to gain from excluding the US from Central Asia, regardless of how much Trump may seek to exploit tensions between Putin and Xi."It is unlikely that as long as Putin considers the US its main adversary, Russia would break with China. That would not change because of some American initiative in Central Asia," said Herbst.Putin sees in Xi a more predictable partner than the mercurial Trump, said Wolff."Putin and his regime are simply more likely to survive in partnership with Xi. I don't think that Putin sees Trump as a dependable partner in any potential deal," he said. "That's not to say that there won't be a transactional improvement in relations between Washington and Moscow, but it will not derail the relationship between Beijing and Moscow."

How Trump could exploit a looming global struggle for rare-earth minerals

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Boeing's Starliner spacecraft has safely returned to Earth — but without its astronauts.</li><li>The spacecraft had suffered a number of issues with its thrusters and helium leaks.</li></ul>Boeing's Starliner spacecraft returned to Earth uncrewed after a three-month flight test to the International Space Station (ISS), <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-boeing-welcome-starliner-spacecraft-to-earth-close-mission/">NASA said on Saturday</a>.The spacecraft successfully landed at the White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico on September 6.The Starliner launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida on June 5 with NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams on board, in what was intended to be a short eight-day mission dubbed the "Crew Flight Test."The mission was Starliner's final flight test and aimed to "validate the transportation system," with the astronauts checking its operational capabilities.But the Starliner craft ran into problems before it even reached the ISS, with NASA and Boeing identifying helium leaks and issues with its thrusters as it approached the space station."Following weeks of in-space and ground testing, technical interchange meetings, and agency reviews, NASA made the decision to prioritize safety and return Starliner without its crew," NASA said. "Wilmore and Williams will continue their work aboard station as part of the Expedition 71/72 crew, returning in February 2025 with the agency's SpaceX Crew-9 mission."Having long finished their primary tasks, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nasa.gov/missions/station/commercial-crew/starliner-faq/">NASA</a> said Wilmore and Williams have now turned to helping the other ISS crew with maintenance tasks, science experiments, and station research."Some of the science they've recently completed includes new ways to produce fiber optic cables and growing plants aboard the orbiting complex," NASA said.It added that the station was "well-stocked with everything the crew needs, including food, water, clothing, and oxygen" and that Wilmore and Williams "understood the possibilities and unknowns," of their mission, "including being aboard station longer than planned."Ken Bowersox, an associate administrator at the Space Operations Mission Directorate, said of the Starliner's return: "Even though it was necessary to return the spacecraft uncrewed, NASA and Boeing learned an incredible amount about Starliner in the most extreme environment possible."

Boeing Starliner spacecraft returns uncrewed to Earth as stranded NASA astronauts turn their hands to new tasks on the ISS

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Time can appear to move faster or slower to us relative to others in a different part of space-time. </li><li>That means astronauts on the International Space Station age slower than people on Earth.</li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronauts-speak-out-boeing-starliner-spaceship-issues-space-station-2024-7">Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams</a> are stuck in space on the International Space Station until February, but it's not the worst that could happen.There are a lot of perks to spending time in space from the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-astronaut-photos-from-the-international-space-station-this-year-2022-11">epic views</a> to the company. The one that you rarely hear about, though, is the aging effect.Astronauts age more slowly than people on Earth. The difference isn't noticeable though — after spending six months on the ISS, astronauts age about <a href="https://x.com/esa/status/1761346288824528913?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1761346288824528913%7Ctwgr%5E4f4d17cad38b975a9eb2c223018f61dfa14b3fdd%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&amp;ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Fexplained-why-astronauts-age-slightly-slower-in-space-5143360" target="_blank" rel="noopener">0.005 seconds</a> less than the rest of us.So after spending about <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-stranded-astronauts-return-nasa-boeing-starliner-spacex-crew-dragon-2024-8">9 extra months in space</a>, Williams and Wilmore will be about 0.0075 seconds younger than if they'd returned to Earth in June as scheduled. <div type="image" title="photo of Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams smiling at the camera from inside the white interior of a spaceship" height="640" width="1280" msid="113468405" hostid="261" sizebytes="54814"></div>There are a couple of scientific reasons for why this happens, and it all starts with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cosmic-glitch-makes-scientists-rethink-einstein-greatest-theory-2024-5">Albert Einstein's theory of relativity</a>. <h2>At first, it seems like astronauts should age faster, not slower</h2>We've all heard the phrase that "time is relative," but it can be difficult to wrap our minds around what that actually means.The phrase came from Einstein's theory of relativity that joined space and time and created the idea of a fabric that permeates the whole universe: "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/einstein-concept-space-time-theorist-brian-greene-science-physics-2016-11">space-time.</a>"We all measure our experience in space-time differently. That's because space-time isn't flat — it's curved, and it can be <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/black-hole-warps-space-astronomers-see-light-behind-it-2021-8">warped by matter</a> and energy.<div type="image" title="Illustrations of Earth warping a blue grid in space that's the fabric of space-time" height="1055" width="2111" msid="113468408" hostid="261" sizebytes="488476"></div>This effect leads to something called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/crazy-physics-to-understand-interstellar-2014-11">gravitational time dilation</a>. Time appears to move slower near massive objects because the object's gravitational force bends space-time.Technically, that means a watch strapped to your ankle will eventually fall behind one strapped to your wrist because your feet are nearer to Earth's center of gravity than your hands. But the effect is so minuscule that you'd never notice.Astronauts aboard the ISS, on the other hand, are much farther from Earth's center of gravity than the rest of us — about 260 miles farther. So, in that case, astronauts actually age slower.But time is weird, and there's another phenomenon called relative velocity time dilation that usurps gravity's effect.<h2>Why astronauts age slower</h2>Relative velocity time dilation is where time moves slower as you move faster.The classic example of this is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/albert-einstein-thought-experiments-2023-10">the twin scenario</a>. One twin blasts off in a spaceship traveling close to the speed of light, and one twin stays behind on Earth. When the space-traveling twin returns to Earth, she's only aged a couple of years, but she's shocked to find that her Earth-bound sister has aged over a decade.Of course, no one has performed that experiment in real life, but there's evidence that it's real. When scientists <a href="https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/02/jila-atomic-clocks-measure-einsteins-general-relativity-millimeter-scale">launched an atomic clock</a> into orbit and back — while keeping an identical clock here on Earth — it returned running ever so slightly behind the Earth-bound clock. It's the same effect for astronauts on the ISS.<div type="image" title="The International Space Station (ISS) photographed by Expedition 56 crew members from a Soyuz spacecraft after undocking, October 4, 2018." height="4032" width="5376" msid="113468406" hostid="261" sizebytes="908558"></div>The space station is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-spend-355-days-orbit-international-space-station-2022-9">whizzing around Earth</a> at about five miles per second (18,000 mph), according to NASA. That means time moves slower for the astronauts relative to people on the surface.Now, it's not as slow as it could be because gravitational time-dilation is actually making them age a smidge faster compared to the rest of us on Earth. But their velocity time dilation has a bigger effect than their gravitational time dilation, so in the end, astronauts age slightly slower while in space.<h2>Astronaut's telomeres also grow longer while in space </h2>Unrelated to the physics of space-time is another <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-twin-study-new-results-mark-scott-kelly-2017-10">peculiar phenomenon astronauts experience</a> that suggests an anti-aging effect. A couple of preliminary studies in recent years have found that astronauts' telomeres grow longer while in space. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nobel-prize-winning-elizabeth-blackburn-telomere-effect-how-to-slow-down-aging-effects-2017-1">Telomeres are caps</a> at the ends of your chromosomes that protect against damage. As you age, your telomeres shorten. <div type="image" title="illustrations of x-shaped blue chromosomes with white capped telomeres" height="1322" width="1762" msid="113468409" hostid="261" sizebytes="41396"></div>But when astronaut Scott Kelly spent a year in space, he came back with telomeres that were longer than when he left. The <a href="https://cvmbs.source.colostate.edu/new-research-spaceflight-susan-bailey/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">same was found true</a> for four commercial astronauts who were part of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-final-members-of-the-all-civilian-inspiration4mission-revealed-2021-4">2021 SpaceX Inspiration4 spaceflight</a>. Interestingly, they only spent three days in space.It's unclear if <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anti-aging-longevity-trends-shock-testosterone-2023-3">longer telomeres are linked to a longer life</a>, though. Research is ongoing in that field of work.Moreover, aging fractions of a second slower due to the quarks of space-time isn't going to make a difference either. That's not why we go to space. We go to space because, "space exploration unites the world to inspire the next generation, make ground-breaking discoveries, and create new opportunities," according to NASA.So the next time you find yourself wishing the weekend would last longer, stay low to the ground and move really fast. It won't feel like your weekend got any longer, but technically you may gain a teeny, tiny fraction of a fraction of a second. Remember, time is relative.An earlier version of this story was published on January 1, 2023, and it was most recently updated on September 18, 2024.

Here's why astronauts age slower than the rest of us here on Earth

Boeing's Starliner spacecraft is set to detach from the orbiting <keyword id="19985509" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="International-Space-Station" source="keywords">International Space Station</keyword> on Friday (local time) and return to Earth, without the astronauts <keyword id="21544825" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sunita-Williams" source="keywords">Sunita Williams</keyword> and Butch Wilmore as per the US space agency <keyword id="19935155" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="NASA" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="NASA" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="NASA">NASA</keyword>. The unscrewed spacecraft is targeting a landing at the White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico on Saturday. NASA astronauts Barry "Butch" Wilmore and Sunita "Suni" Williams launched aboard Boeing's Starliner spacecraft on June 5 for its first crewed flight, arriving at the space station on June 6. It was expected that the two astronauts would have returned in the same flight. As Starliner approached the orbiting laboratory, NASA and Boeing identified helium leaks and experienced issues with the spacecraft reaction control thrusters. For the safety of the astronauts, NASA announced on August 24 that Starliner will return to Earth from the station without a crew. Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams finished packing Starliner with cargo and configuring its cabin for return. The duo closed Starliner's hatch for the final time on Thursday afternoon readying the spacecraft for its uncrewed departure, NASA said. Wilmore and Williams will remain aboard the International Space station and return home in February 2025 aboard the <keyword id="19905255" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SpaceX" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="SpaceX" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="SpaceX">SpaceX</keyword> Dragon spacecraft with two other crew members assigned to NASA's SpaceX Crew-9 mission. "Starliner is scheduled to autonomously undock from the space station at approximately 6:04 pm EDT Friday, September 6, to begin the journey home, weather conditions permitting. NASA and Boeing are targeting approximately 12:03 am, Saturday, September 7, for the landing and conclusion of the flight test," NASA said. SpaceX and Boeing are the two commercial vendors who have been tasked by NASA to send American-launched astronauts to the ISS. Both Williams and Wilmore are not expected to use the Crew Dragon spacecraft of Crew-9 the next SpaceX astronaut mission for NASA that is set to launch later this month of a ISS half year mission. To make space for the <keyword id="21541868" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Boeing-Starliner" source="keywords">Boeing Starliner</keyword> astronauts who are now on the ISS, Crew 9's Crew Dragon will launch from earth with only two astronoauts instead of the planned four. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/india-beats-the-us-to-emerge-as-the-second-biggest-market-for-5g-smartphones/articleshow/113095322.cms">India beats the US to emerge as the second-biggest market for 5G smartphones</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/apple-iphone-16-to-launch-on-september-9-design-specs-and-everything-we-know-so-far/articleshow/113091114.cms">Apple iPhone 16 to launch on September 9 – design, specs and everything we know so far</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/webstories/shree-tirupati-balajee-agro-trading-ipo-price-band-to-risk-factors-all-you-need-to-know/slidelist/113082663.cms">Shree Tirupati Balajee Agro Trading IPO – Price band to risk factors, all you need to know</a>

Boeing's Starliner to return to Earth from ISS without Sunita Williams

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A pioneering project in <keyword id="20060502" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Peru" source="keywords">Peru</keyword> is giving $2.30 a day to people in <keyword id="20360813" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="indigenous-communities" source="keywords">Indigenous communities</keyword>.</li><li>Reducing poverty removes a lot of the incentives for <keyword id="20657663" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="deforestation" source="keywords">deforestation</keyword>, the organizers told BI.</li></ul>Groups backing a basic-income trial in Peru are hoping that unconditional payments to Indigenous communities will help preserve the <keyword id="21095716" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Amazon-rainforest" source="keywords">Amazon rainforest</keyword>. Since November, 188 people living in three Amazonian reserves in central Peru have received <keyword id="21274590" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cash-transfers" source="keywords">cash transfers</keyword> equivalent to 8.6 Peruvian Soles, or about $2.30, a day. The project — developed by climate action NGO <keyword id="23150686" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Cool-Earth" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Cool Earth" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Cool Earth">Cool Earth</keyword> in conjunction with female-led Indigenous groups — is due to run for two years, with payments totaling about $310,000. <div type="image" title="Three people of a Peruvian Amazonian community viewed from the knees down, wearing red robes and sandals, as they walk along a dirt track." height="667" width="1000" msid="112744186" hostid="261"></div>The idea is that providing a guaranteed income will remove some of the incentives to become involved in activities that destroy the rainforest. Poverty in these communities is one of the main drivers of deforestation in the region, Isabel Felandro, Cool Earth's head of programs, told Business Insider. "Those communities face a lot of challenges in terms of threats like illegal deforestation that goes on around the territories, drug cartels, illegal mining," Felandro said. They can end up "selling the forest, or engaging in other activities that are not very sustainable because they have this financial worry," she said. Communities are often faced with agonizing decisions, Felandro added. "If you don't have the money to send your kid to a hospital, what do you do? <h2></h2><h2><keyword id="22441332" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="basic-income" source="keywords">Basic income</keyword> — for the rainforest</h2> <div type="image" title="An aerial view of Asháninka territory in the Peruvian Amazon, showing mist-shrouded forest and a cluster of small huts." height="667" width="1000" msid="112744187" hostid="261"></div>$2.30 a day wouldn't go far in the US or Europe. But in these communities, it can have a huge impact, Felandro said. With the income, "a whole family can eat for a day," she said. She added that people have been using the money to complement their diets, or have clubbed together to hire a van to take their kids the long distances to school. Numerous basic-income trials have proliferated worldwide, but most are focused on social and economic outcomes. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/universal-basic-income-ubi"></a> In the US, cities like <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/los-angeles-guaranteed-basic-income-pilot-ubi-partner-violence-employment-2024-7">Los Angeles</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chicago-basic-income-helped-mother-rent-an-apartment-ubi-gbi2024-5">Chicago</a>, Denver, and Atlanta have offered participants direct cash payments, no strings attached. But Cool Earth believes theirs is among the first to aim at a positive <keyword id="20224419" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="environmental-impact" source="keywords">environmental impact</keyword>. The NGO has run numerous cash transfer projects over the last 17 years, sending money to communities in the Amazon, New Guinea, and Congo rainforests, who band together to decide how to spend it. But this latest pilot — where every person over the age of 18 receives money independently — is seen as an even more direct way to get money working for the rainforest. <div type="image" title="A thatched hut in the Peruvian Amazon, surrounded by lush greenery." height="667" width="1000" msid="112744188" hostid="261"></div>The impact and efficacy of basic-income programs are still being investigated, and Johan Oldekop, an academic specializing in the environment and development at the UK's University of Manchester, sounded a note of caution when commenting on this project to The Guardian. Oldekop praised the goal of supporting Indigenous communities, who are leaders in preserving rainforests. But, he added, there is "little and mixed evidence on the environmental effects of cash transfers around the world." Some data shows that these programs can actually lead to deforestation because families can use the cash to expand their agricultural businesses, and chop down trees to do so, he said. Felandro told BI that this is a fair concern, but added that here "the scale is very minor." Families often only have small plots of land that they use primarily to feed themselves. "We're not talking about large-scale production of cacao or coffee," she said. Communities that participated in Cool Earth's prior cash transfer projects saw up to 46% less deforestation compared to similar neighboring communities, Felandro added. Correction: August 28, 2024 — An earlier version of this story incorrectly described the project. It provides basic income to a select group of participants; it is not a universal-basic-income program.

A $2.30-a-day basic income trial is trying to save the Amazon rainforest

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Housing costs are the big factor keeping inflation high, according to the July CPI reading.</li><li>Shelter costs posted a surprise jump, rising 0.4% compared to a 0.2% increase in June.</li></ul>Wednesday's consumer price index report showed <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inflation-consumer-price-index-in-july-fed-interest-rates-2024-8">inflation is decisively cooling in most areas of the economy</a>, but one area remains particularly stubborn: housing.There was much for investors to cheer in the latest consumer price index. Major stock averages rose broadly after the data, with the Dow up more than 200 points shortly after midday. The good news was that goods prices fell yet again, with previously sticky areas like new and used auto inflation declining from the prior month. The other bright spot was in core services inflation, which Bank of America analysts note remains elevated but is definitely slowing. The final piece of the puzzle seems to be housing. July shelter costs posted a surprise jump, rising 0.4% compared to a 0.2% increase in June, and the shelter index has risen over 5% since July of last year."Heading into this report, the key factor for us was whether last month's deceleration in shelter would hold. The July CPI report indicated it did not," the BofA analysts wrote. That rise has an outsize impact on the overall inflation reading, with the shelter index accounting for 90% of the rise in core CPI, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said Wednesday."[Shelter inflation] will offset some of the good news we saw from July PPI data on medical care services inflation when it comes to the PCE inflation report later this month," the BofA analysts wrote, referring to the release of the Fed's preferred inflation gauge on August 30. Shelter costs account for 36% of the overall CPI, a far greater share than that of food or energy.Yet, analysts say that since shelter costs have such an outsized impact and tend to lag behind actual real estate trends, the most recent shelter data may be keeping the CPI reading artificially high. "[S]helter costs are also notoriously hard to measure accurately and are often perceived to move with a lag," Jim Baird, CIO of Plante Moran Financial Advisors, said in a Wednesday note.In June, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell said that when market-based rents increase sharply, there's a slower rollover for existing tenants than for new tenants, creating the delay."We've found now that there are big lags," he explained, adding that it may take years for the housing inflation index to reflect changes in the real estate market."There's a bulge of high past increases in market rents. It has to get worked off, and that may take, you know, several years," he said.Even as housing inflation remains stubborn, inflation slowed last month, with overall CPI rising 2.9% year-over-year in July. It was the first time the rate has been below 3% since March 2021.Analysts say that data will give the Fed <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/inflation-cpi-report-stock-market-today-fed-rate-cuts-outlook-2024-8">further confidence to cut rates in September</a>, though it may not warrant as dramatic of a cut as previously expected."With supercore inflation up from last month and a sustained deceleration in shelter inflation still elusive, a gradual reduction in policy rates may be all the Fed can provide at this time - and all that it needs to deliver," Seema Shah, chief strategist at Principal Asset Management, said.

Housing costs are the final obstacle to inflation falling back to earth

Washington DC: <keyword id="19935155" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="NASA" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="NASA" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="NASA">NASA</keyword> astronauts Sunita 'Suni' Williams and Barry 'Butch' Wilmore will put a call to Earth and participate in a press conference aboard the <keyword id="19985509" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="International-Space-Station" source="keywords">International Space Station</keyword> in low Earth orbit, the US space agency said. The space call is scheduled at 2:15 p.m. EDT (local time) on September 13 to the newsroom at NASA's Johnson Space Centre in Houston. The pair had launched aboard Boeing's Starliner spacecraft on June 5 for its first crewed flight, arriving at the space station on June 6. A decision was made to return Starliner to Earth without its crew and the spacecraft successfully returned on September 6 after more than three months in space. It made a safe landing at White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico. Both astronauts <keyword id="21544825" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Sunita-Williams" source="keywords">Sunita Williams</keyword> and Butch Wilmore called down to flight controllers to thank teams for their support before the uncrewed Starliner spacecraft returned to Earth. "You guys it's time to bring Calypso home. We have your backs and you have got this. Bring her back to Earth," Sunita Williams said in the radio message referring to the spacecrafts nickname. Both the astronauts will remain on the international space station as part of the Expedition 71/72 crew and return home in February 2025 aboard the <keyword id="19905255" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SpaceX" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="SpaceX" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="SpaceX">SpaceX</keyword> Dragon spacecraft with two other crew members on NASA's SpaceX Crew-9 mission. Meanwhile, crew of the Polaris Dawn the Elon Musk-led private charted spaceflight created history when they completed the first commercial spacewalk. Donning newly-designed SpaceX extravehicular activity (EVA) suits, the crew began their approximately two-hour operation at 3:12 a.m. EDT while traveling at 17,500 miles per hour in an elliptical orbit of 190 x 700 km above the EarthThe spacewalk represents an important milestone of the Polaris Program, a developmental program designed to further the advancement of human spaceflight. After opening the hatch, the Polaris Dawn crew became the first four astronauts to be exposed to the vacuum of space at the same time, the company said in a statement. Over approximately twenty minutes, Commander Jared Isaacman and Mission Specialist Sarah Gillis egressed the vehicle, completed a series of tests designed to evaluate the suit's mobility, thermal systems and the Dragon mobility aid "Skywalker" before returning to the cabin and closing the hatch. Mission Pilot Scott "Kidd" Poteet and Mission Specialist and Medical Officer Anna Menon supported Isaacman and Gillis throughout the entire operation monitoring vital support systems. Once the hatch was closed, Dragon was re-pressurized, cabin oxygen and pressure levels confirmed. Reflecting on his experience, mission commander and billionaire Isaacman, who financed the mission reflected on the experience: "SpaceX, back at home we all have a lot of work to do, but from here, Earth sure looks like a perfect world." NASA Administrator Bill Nelson relayed good wishes to SpaceX and the Polaris Dawn crew in a statement on X. "Congratulations @PolarisProgram and @SpaceX on the first commercial spacewalk in history!" Nelson wrote. "Today's success represents a giant leap forward for the commercial space industry and @NASA's long-term goal to build a vibrant U.S. space economy." The Polaris Dawn mission targeted splashdown off the coast of Florida, however SpaceX has not yet released details about the upcoming landing.

NASA astronaut Sunita Williams to address Earth from orbiting international Space Station

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Baiju Bhatt, the cofounder of trading app Robinhood, has a new space startup.</li><li>Aetherflux aims to launch a constellation of satellites to transmit solar power to Earth using infrared lasers.</li></ul>When Baiju Bhatt co-founded the stock trading app <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/robinhood-collapse-what-happened-retail-investing-meme-stocks-future-finance-2022-2">Robinhood</a> in 2013 with his college best friend, Vlad Tenev, the aim was to "democratize finance for all."Robinhood's no-fee, gamified approach to investing made capital markets more accessible than ever before, leading to an IPO in 2021.After over a decade at the company, Bhatt stood down as Robinhood's chief creative officer in March to pursue what was described at the time as "other entrepreneurial interests."In October, Bhatt announced he was launching Aetherflux, a Silicon Valley-based space startup.Aetherflux aims to create a constellation of satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) that will collect solar power and beam it down to receptors on Earth using infrared lasers.Just as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-starlink-spacex-satellite-internet-business-constellation-fleet-elon-musk-mars">Elon Musk's Starlink</a> constellation has transformed communications, Bhatt hopes Aetherflux will revolutionize energy, he told Business Insider in an interview.The receptors will be just 10 meters in diameter, Bhatt said, meaning they can be placed virtually anywhere and theoretically provide power to remote locations that would otherwise be too expensive or dangerous to reach."If we succeed, we unlock a renewable energy source for humanity that can be delivered virtually anywhere," he wrote in a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/allow-me-re-introduce-myself-baiju-bhatt-nu1ic/?trackingId=xecx1MNjQxGa6fapJvT2fA%3D%3D">LinkedIn post</a> announcing Aetherflux.If it works, far more solar power can be captured in orbit than through the atmosphere at ground level, and there would be no nighttime or weather disruptions to the power source. It would also free up land used for solar farms on Earth.Aetherflux plans to start by powering military operations in remote locations or remote mining operations, Bhatt said.<div type="image" title="A profile of Baiju Bhatt smiling in a black t-shirt in front of a beige background." height="3553" width="5324" msid="114432481" hostid="261" sizebytes="611312"></div>Bhatt hopes that a single receptor will one day be able to capture enough power for a small neighborhood of homes. He added that they'd need around 100 satellites to provide continuous power to one location.The idea of space-based solar power has existed for decades, but theories have generally rested on large constructions being sent into orbit and using microwaves to transmit energy.In January 2023, the California Institute of Technology launched a solar space-power demonstrator satellite into orbit for a yearlong mission to test out a range of potential approaches.Caltech's president, Thomas F. Rosenbaum, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/space-solar-power-project-ends-first-in-space-mission-with-successes-and-lessons">said the project</a> had shown them that solar power beamed from space "is still a future prospect" but that it "should be an achievable future."Aetherflux wants to do things differently by using infrared lasers and a modular approach.The science has already been demonstrated; it's just going to be an engineering and economic feat to prove it can be done from space, Bhatt said.To begin with, Aetherflux plans to send a single satellite into orbit by the first quarter of 2026 to demonstrate that solar energy transmission is possible.<h2 id="f76e6857-d783-49d8-94bf-ab950b9759df">The right time to be in space</h2>Though the career jump from finance to the space industry may seem unusual, Bhatt said space has been his "lifelong calling."NASA was a part of Bhatt's childhood. His father moved to the US from India to pursue physics and got a job at NASA's Langley Research Center in the 1990s studying atmospheric sciences.With a bachelor's in physics and a master's in mathematics, both from Stanford, Bhatt thought he'd be a physicist too. So, Robinhood was a "bit of a detour," he told BI.He is still a board member but has stepped back from day-to-day operations.One lesson Bhatt said he learned from running the trading app was how powerful capitalism could be in accelerating innovation."If you can take a problem that's been stagnating and you can create a capitalist system around it where people can make money doing something, you'll see the rate of progress really speed up," he said.<div type="image" title="Baiju Bhatt (right) and Vlad Tenev, founders of the online brokerage Robinhood." height="4160" width="6240" msid="114432476" hostid="261" sizebytes="601100"></div>After meeting with people working on power for DARPA at the beginning of this year and seeing the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-spacex-starship-launch-five-huge-deal-space-travel-2024-10">timeline Starship is on</a>, Bhatt decided that the best opportunities were now in space.Since 2009, the sum of private investments in space startups has soared from essentially nothing to $327.3 billion, according to the latest "<a target="_blank" href="https://spacecapital.docsend.com/view/9d69zpfz4ddms3ry">Space Investment Quarterly</a>" report published by venture capital and angel-investment firm Space Angels.The industry's value is expected to continue booming. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/aerospace-and-defense/our-insights/space-the-1-point-8-trillion-dollar-opportunity-for-global-economic-growth">McKinsey</a> estimates that the global space economy will be worth $1.8 trillion by 2035, accounting for inflation, up from $630 billion in 2023."It's hard to find something more exciting and impactful than space," said Matthew Weinzierl, a professor of the economics of space at Harvard Business School and coauthor of the upcoming book "Space to Grow.""This really is a new frontier, one where technological innovation can create new markets and solve real problems, often in ways we haven't thought of before," he said.Weinzierl said that in the past two decades, the US government has created pathways for commercial players, enabling market forces to take hold."Prices to orbit have dropped, launch availability has soared, and a wave of entrepreneurs are finding new ways to create value," he said.<div type="image" title="SpaceX's Super Heavy booster as it returned to its launch site, with the sun rising in the background." height="1031" width="1920" msid="114432482" hostid="261" sizebytes="52022"></div>With so many more commercially available products, space has <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/starship-launch-success-elon-musk-vision-cheap-space-travel-closer-2024-3#:~:text=%22With%20Starship%2C%20SpaceX%20is%20poised,in%20an%20email%20on%20Thursday.">never been cheaper</a>.Aetherflux is an example of how companies are using off-the-shelf solutions to speed up development. Its satellites are purchased readymade from satellite bus provider <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/palmer-luckey-anduril-apex-defense-tech-space-satellite-surveillance-2024-10">Apex</a>, the high-powered lasers it plans to use are commercially available, and it'll be using <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-launch">SpaceX</a> as a launch partner for its 2026 mission."The part that we're building is the actual optical design, the control systems, and the power transmission link, as well as the ground station," said Bhatt.<h2 id="5dda5318-030a-431a-91ff-f205b537a068">The future of Aetherflux</h2>When he spoke with BI, Bhatt had just moved into a lab facility in the Bay Area. With a team of 10 employees, he will begin iterating ground tests, developing the system design, and working with regulators.He's self-funding the project "completely," he told BI. As one of Robinhood's cofounders, Bhatt's net worth spiked after its IPO in 2021. He is worth around $1.7 billion, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/baiju-bhatt/">Forbes reports.</a>Although access to space has become more routine and affordable, Weinzierl said there is still a lot of uncertainty around the industry. Some of the ideas and businesses being developed today won't survive, but they'll be "the foundation that tomorrow's entrepreneurs will learn from and build on," he said.A self-proclaimed science nerd, Bhatt named his startup after a 19th-century theory about a pervasive medium called the aether, which physicists believed light traveled through."Einstein came along in 1905 and was basically like, nah, that stuff's all wrong. Light is the same in every reference frame," said Bhatt.So Aetherflux is named after a disproven scientific theory? Yes, Bhatt agreed with amusement. But he's "laser-focused" on the first mission and adamant that Aetherflux won't fall into the same bracket as its namesake."Space is hard," he admitted, "but we're committed to demonstrating this and making it happen."

Robinhood's cofounder has joined the rapidly growing commercial space race, and wants to beam solar power from satellites to earth

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/worlds-largest-carbon-removal-plant-iceland-climeworks-2024-5">carbon dioxide removal</a> company Equatic has begun designing its largest plant yet.</li><li>The project will be North America's first commercial-scale CDR plant, scheduled to go online by 2027.</li></ul>The oceans are our planet's largest <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-first-commercial-carbon-capture-facility-opens-2023-11">carbon sink</a>, naturally absorbing about 25% of the carbon dioxide that humans emit. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) companies like Equatic are trying to harness that natural process to absorb even more."We take what the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/oceans-absorb-carbon-emissions-climate-change-2018-10">ocean does already</a> and amplify that," Edward Sanders, COO at Equatic, told Business Insider.On June 18, Equatic <a target="_blank" href="https://www.equatic.tech/articles/equatic-to-build-north-americas-first-commercial-scale-ocean-based-carbon-removal-facility">announced</a> it started engineering designs for the world's first commercial-scale, ocean-based CDR plant, Sanders said. The plant could remove carbon dioxide at a rate that's 99,000 times as fast as the oceans.Equatic is one of about a dozen <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pitch-deck-ebb-carbon-carbon-emissions-ocean-acidification-20-million-2023-4">marine CDR companies</a> that have sprouted in recent years in an effort to accelerate the ocean's natural capacity to absorb more CO2. A <a target="_blank" href="https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26278/a-research-strategy-for-ocean-based-carbon-dioxide-removal-and-sequestration">report</a> from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine estimates that marine CDR could remove billions of tons of CO2 from the atmosphere.The technology is still in its infancy and it's unclear what the environmental impacts will be — especially at a large scale. But CDR is a necessary step in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-government-launches-largest-ever-carbon-removal-initiative-2023-8">mitigating climate change</a>; reducing greenhouse gas emissions is no longer enough to limit global warming to 1.5 °C to 2 °C by the end of the century, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.<h2 id="5b2c67a2-8fb9-4510-8523-f3ad8fbfa636">How Equatic is sucking CO2 from the air</h2><div type="image" title="illustration of Equatic's first commercial-scale carbon dioxide removal plant with hydrogen storage tanks on the left and removal technology on right" height="4320" width="7680" msid="111293591" hostid="261" sizebytes="3507668"></div>There are a lot of different ways to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-steel-carbon-capture-does-it-work-reduce-emissions-controversial-2024-4">absorb CO2</a> from the atmosphere. Equatic's technology, for example, uses something called seawater electrolysis. It takes seawater and runs an electric current through it, which splits the water into hydrogen, oxygen, and two separate fluids: one acid and a base."The process stores carbon that was dissolved in the water as a solid, similar to the material that makes up seashells, and creates an alkaline slurry that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere via a cooling tower," Sanders told BI over email.As an added bonus, the hydrogen can be converted into <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/clean-hydrogen-fuel-reserves-could-be-hiding-underground-2024-3">clean hydrogen fuel</a>, which Equatic can either reuse to power its CDR plants or sell. Companies including Boeing and payment service provider Stripe have signed contracts with Equatic for its hydrogen.<h2 id="9b9ca663-632c-46dc-a908-bbc835176666">Equatic has proven its technology can work</h2><div type="image" title="Photo of an industrial plant emitting gases into the atmosphere with a wind farm in the background." height="1499" width="1999" msid="111293592" hostid="261" sizebytes="61620"></div>Equatic already has two small pilot plants to validate its technology — one in LA and a second in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sc/why-singapore-is-the-choice-location-for-firms-support-global-carbon-markets">Singapore</a>.The company is also building a larger plant scheduled to go online in Singapore later in 2024, which will absorb about 4,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide annually and lay the groundwork for the company's first commercial-scale plant. That plant will launch in 2026 or 2027 in partnership with Canadian carbon removal project developer Deep Sky.Researchers estimate that by 2050, it will cost between $230 and $540 to remove one ton of CO2 from the atmosphere. But Equatic offsets the cost of CDR by producing and selling green hydrogen. The company predicts the new plant could achieve CDR at less than $100 per ton by 2030.Ultimately, Sanders envisions a global fleet of these CDR plants."Once we get to that point, we're not talking about a hundred thousand tons, we're not talking about millions of tons, we're talking about <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/richest-americans-income-creates-outsized-emissions-climate-crisis-2023-8">hundreds of millions of tons</a> because this technology can be replicated in many countries," Sanders said.<h2 id="c8463862-6d69-476c-82bf-0067e2bc4893">Questions remain about CDR's economic and environmental impact</h2><div type="image" title="Photo of a shoreline with bright blue blooms of algae nad other sealife in the water." height="1414" width="2121" msid="111293593" hostid="261" sizebytes="637988"></div>Since there are no commercial-scale, ocean-based CDR plants online yet, practically nothing is known about their impact on the environment and local economies.In general, ocean-based CDR techniques manipulate seawater in ways that could potentially disrupt sea life."You're going to be pulling in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/giant-plankton-bloom-thailand-sea-bright-green-fish-kill-environment-2023-9">phytoplankton</a> and bugs and other potential living creatures from the ocean and filtering those out can have some environmental impacts," Jessica Cross, an earth scientist with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory who specializes in CDR for the oceans, told BI.Exactly <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/increasing-carbon-emissions-ocean-acidification-2014-9">what those impacts</a> are depends on where a CDR operation is and what organisms are involved.Sanders told BI that Equatic closely monitors discharge from its CDR plants to ensure they comply with legal pollution standards. Its upcoming plant in Singapore will also filter seawater to remove sea life before water enters the plant.<h2 id="1277f18c-6649-4f95-ae1f-933feb3495ab">We can't fully rely on CDR to mitigate climate change</h2>Because CDR is expensive and limited in scale, we can't abandon decarbonization and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/carbon-emissions-2022-record-renewables-growth-solar-wind-iea-2023-3">emissions reduction efforts</a>, Cross said.The benefits of this technology are "far in the future, whereas the risks of initiating this industry and this infrastructure development are local, short-term, and much more immediate," Cross said."Figuring out how to balance, again, this sort of diffuse global benefit with this local risk that happens, it is something that responsible researchers should be grappling with," she said.

A new carbon removal plant will absorb carbon dioxide 99,000 times faster than Earth's oceans 

The <keyword id="19900449" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="government" source="keywords">government</keyword> has scrapped the <keyword id="19930589" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="auction" source="keywords">auction</keyword> of three critical <keyword id="19999692" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mineral-blocks" source="keywords">mineral blocks</keyword>, including a <keyword id="19973461" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lithium" source="keywords">lithium</keyword> mine in <keyword id="19900657" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jammu-and-Kashmir" source="keywords">Jammu and Kashmir</keyword>, under the third tranche of sale of mines due to a lower-than-required number of bidders. The <keyword id="19930589" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="auction" source="keywords">auction</keyword> is a part of the <keyword id="19900449" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="government" source="keywords">government</keyword>'s push towards <keyword id="22575422" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cleaner-alternatives" source="keywords">cleaner alternatives</keyword> and <keyword id="19922488" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="self-reliance" source="keywords">self-reliance</keyword> in critical mineral supplies. The three blocks are Salal-Haimna <keyword id="19973461" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lithium" source="keywords">Lithium</keyword>, Titanium and Bauxite (Aluminous Laterite) Block in <keyword id="19900657" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jammu-and-Kashmir" source="keywords">Jammu and Kashmir</keyword>, Muskaniya-Gareriatola-Barwari Potash block in Jharkhand and Kurunjakulam Graphite block in Tamil Nadu. The auction was annulled as the "required number of bids as per the mineral auction rules have not been received", according to a notice by the <keyword id="19999695" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mines-Ministry" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Mines Ministry" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Mines Ministry">Mines Ministry</keyword>. The ministry, on March 14, put on sale seven critical <keyword id="19999692" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mineral-blocks" source="keywords">mineral blocks</keyword> in the third round of auction. The blocks that received less than three bids in the first tranche were notified under this round. These seven blocks pertain to <keyword id="19978839" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="critical-minerals" source="keywords">critical minerals</keyword> such as Glauconite, Graphite, Nickel, PGE, Potash, Lithium, and Titanium and are spread across the states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Last month, the government cancelled the auction of 14 blocks of <keyword id="19978839" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="critical-minerals" source="keywords">critical minerals</keyword> launched in the second tranche. In the first tranche of sale, the Centre had cancelled the auction for 13 of the 20 blocks put on sale due to a lukewarm response. The Centre last month launched the fourth round of auctions of critical and strategic mineral blocks offering 21 mines in several states including Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. Out of these 21 blocks, 11 are new, spanning Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. These blocks contain a variety of minerals including Graphite, Glauconite, Phosphorite, Potash, Nickel, PGE, <keyword id="22575423" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="phosphate-and-rare-earth-elements" source="keywords">Phosphate and Rare Earth Elements</keyword> (REE).

You Searched For "new earth" and got 11 results

Right now, the Sun is far more active than predicted - and small satellites are paying the price

PTI

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