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<ul><li>Netaji <keyword id="100207" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Subhas-Chandra-Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</keyword> was born 123 years before on this same day. </li><li>He is India’s most famous as well as controversial freedom fighter who founded Azad Hind Fauz. </li><li>He continues to intrigue curious minds after his mysterious disappearance on a cold winter morning. </li></ul>Netaji Subhas Chandra <keyword id="6371315" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bose">Bose</keyword> is the creator of the slogan, Jai Hind which has become a popular Indian chant today. And, he was born 123 years before on January 23. He is India’s most famous as well as controversial freedom fighter who founded Azad Hind Fauz. He continues to intrigue curious minds after his mysterious disappearance on a cold winter morning. Kabir Khan’s The Unforgettable Army Azaadi Ke Liye on Amazon Prime Video which will be released on January 24, will pay homage to his heroics. The story will revolve around the formation of Bose’s National Army after British failed to defeat Singapore in World War II. Here’s a look back at his life: Bose had always been a fighter — he quit a lucrative job to liberate India 
 
 
 
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 Bose was born in Cuttack, Odisha on January 23, 1897. He was a brilliant student who went to England to study — where he was also preparing for Indian Civil Services. He got selected in the ICS in 1920, but chose not to work for an alien government. He came back to India at the time when the country was fighting for freedom against the British government. He met Deshbandu Chitranjan Das, the editor of newspaper ‘Forward’, and Bose became the editor later. For Bose, the meaning and purpose of life was very simple: to seek freedom from bondage of every kind. From journalist to congress president 
	
 
 
 
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 Credits: IANS After becoming the editor of Forward, apart from writing against the Raj, he organised a boycott in Calcutta during Prince of Wales’ visit. This landed him in prison. A year later, he criticised Mahatma Gandhi for cancelling the non-co-operation movement after the Chauri Chaura incident. During the incident, Indians set fire to a police station killing many Indians and Britishers alike. Bose kept moving from jail to jail between 1924 and 1938. In 1930, Bose became the mayor of Calcutta even as he was jailed. He was released after he got sick and needed to travel abroad for treatment. That is when he took his call for freedom to other shores. The most controversial political leader of his time 
 
 
 
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 In January 1938, he became the president of the Indian National Congress. And at Tripuri session 1939, he defeated Gandhi’s candidate, Patabi Sitharam Iyer, to win a second term. However, he distanced himself from Congress after the party’s ideology didn’t match his own. He formed the Forward Bloc to carry on his struggle. He started looking for allies outside India — and for that he escaped his house arrest in Calcutta and fled to Europe again. He met a Nazi leader who is known to have promised him assistance to weaken the British in India. Bose believed India could attain freedom if they fought against Britain during World War II. Following his idea, he freed several Indian freedom fighters in Europe to form a Mukti Sena. The Azad Hind Fauj and Bose 
 
 
 
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 The Azad Hind Fauz was formed in 1941 in Berlin and comprised of Indian prisoners of war from Europe and North Africa. In December, Japan marked the beginning of World War II in Asia after it attacked Pearl Harbour. The fall of Singapore during that time shook the foundation of British Raj across the world. Meanwhile, the Indian freedom struggle was at its final round after Gandhi called for the Quit India Movement in 1942. In 1943, Bose became the commanding officer for Azad Hind Fauz — the army which attacked Britishers a year later. His army was able to free several Indian areas including Parel and Tihim from the British. In September 1944, his famous dialogue “Tum mujhe khoon do mein tumhe azadi dunga” (Give me your blood, I’ll give you your freedom) triggered a new wave of patriotism. He established a provisional government of Azad Hind in 1944 with a slogan ‘Chalo Delhi’. Mysterious death and controversy behind it 
 
 
 
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 Amidst all this melee, just a few years before India became independent, Bose vanished. Japanese Domei news agency said Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose died on August 18 in a plane crash at the Japanese-controlled Matsuyama military airport in Taihoku (now Taiwan). The incident left many Indians in a state of shock and disbelief. Even after 75 years, the controversy surrounding the death of Bose refuses to die down. A few believe that he did not die during the accident. Other theories say that he spent his last days in Uttar Pradesh while some say he lived abroad. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/thelife/personalities/news/delhi-chief-minister-arvind-kejriwal-achievements-ahead-of-delhi-elections-2020/articleshow/73145839.cms">Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal⁠— the man with a knack for Carpe Diem</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/savitribai-phule-19th-century-indian-feminist-didnt-just-educate-women-she-helped-rape-victims-and-pregnant-women/articleshow/73071238.cms">This 19th century Indian feminist didn't just educate women— she helped rape victims and pregnant women</a>

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the mystery of his death lives even after 75 years

Yesterday, it was proved beyond fact that Modi and Twitter will have a ‘long long’ relationship. After setting a Guinness world record by leading the yoga day celebrations at Rajpath, <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> has created another social revolution through Twitter. Though <keyword id="2923780" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="SelfieWithDaughter">#selfiewithdaughter</keyword> was started by Bibipur village panchayat as a campaign to fight against female foeticide and child marriage (the first such Khap campaign!), it was Narendra Modi who turned it into a worldwide revolution through his ‘Mann ki Baat’. From pictures to tweets about daughter to cherishing the wish of a daughter, the world celebrated birth of girl child like never before. From among the millions of tweets, we take you on a ride through the album that would remain ever colourful in the history of independent democratic India. 
1. 

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en">
	 1970s :: PM <keyword id="6354478" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indira-Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</keyword> With Grand Daughter Priyanka <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SelfieWithDaughter?src=hash">#SelfieWithDaughter</a> <a href="http://t.co/jvMX1O4To1">pic.twitter.com/jvMX1O4To1</a>
	— indianhistorypics (@IndiaHistorypic) <a href="https://twitter.com/IndiaHistorypic/status/615185675843833856">June 28, 2015</a></blockquote>
 
2. 
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en">
	
	 1918 :: <keyword id="6360386" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jawaharlal-Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</keyword> With Little Indira <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SelfieWithDaughter?src=hash">#SelfieWithDaughter</a> <a href="http://t.co/oKR1YUKxy7">pic.twitter.com/oKR1YUKxy7</a>
	— indianhistorypics (@IndiaHistorypic) <a href="https://twitter.com/IndiaHistorypic/status/615144924032315393">June 28, 2015</a></blockquote>
 
 
3. 
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en">
	
	 1940s :: <keyword id="1814971" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Emilie-Schenkl">Emilie Schenkl</keyword> (Wife of <keyword id="164738" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Netaji-Subhas-Chandra-Bose">Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose</keyword> ) with Daughter Anita <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SelfieWithDaughter?src=hash">#SelfieWithDaughter</a> <a href="http://t.co/l1MikmnohF">pic.twitter.com/l1MikmnohF</a>
	— indianhistorypics (@IndiaHistorypic) <a href="https://twitter.com/IndiaHistorypic/status/615128922091450368">June 28, 2015</a></blockquote>
 
 
4. 
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en">
	
	
		1890 :: Rabindranath Tagore with Daughter Madhurilata <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SelfieWithDaughter?src=hash">#SelfieWithDaughter</a> <a href="http://t.co/GzEu5HS7uW">pic.twitter.com/GzEu5HS7uW</a>
	— indianhistorypics (@IndiaHistorypic) <a href="https://twitter.com/IndiaHistorypic/status/615118561346916352">June 28, 2015</a></blockquote>
 
 
5. 
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en">
	
	
		Ooo👍 <a href="https://twitter.com/narendramodi">@narendramodi</a> "<a href="https://twitter.com/RawAgentNo1">@RawAgentNo1</a>: <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SelfieWithDaughter?src=hash">#SelfieWithDaughter</a> Feel for this Braveheart Col Munindra Rai and his daughter! <a href="http://t.co/AxOr4qgFPv">pic.twitter.com/AxOr4qgFPv</a>"
	— ® Urvi Raval ® (@Ru11Urvi) <a href="https://twitter.com/Ru11Urvi/status/615206243859173376">June 28, 2015</a></blockquote>
 
 
 
Many an ages have passed by, many a dream born and many a dream lost, many a history defeated and many a history made, many a women tortured and many a women saluted. These images stand as the everlasting testimony to it. 
 
 
(image credits: Twitter, northeasttoday)

5 best #SelfieWithDaughter from the pages of history

The files of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose that have been declassified by the Government of West Bengal recently have unveiled some important documents about the life and times of the forgotten hero. 
 
While it’s taking quite sometime to analyse the 12,000 plus pages of the files, it surfaced yesterday that British intelligence officials snooped on the day-to-day happenings and gathered information about war rumours that circulated in Kolkata even during the Second World War. It also provides a glimpse over 'Gandhi group' and 'Bose group' of Indians, as identified by the Japanese. 
 
A file called ‘war rumours’ has a chapter on how Indians, especially those who supported Bose, were built against the British. In 1942, an intelligence report said: "It is being disseminated that the Japanese are treating the Indians very kindly, and even helping them with money. They ask the Indians if they are 'Gandhi Man' or 'Bose Man' or pro-British. Those who claim to be the members of 'Bose group' or 'Gandhi group' were paid money... The general idea is that the Japanese are very kind to Indians - even generous - if they are not resisted by the Indians." 
 
 
"Lila Roy and Suresh Majumdar have been influencing minor members of the Forward Bloc to circulate rumors of pro-Japanese nature. These two are also trying to undermine the position of the right wing Congress,” read a report. 
 
The intelligence branch also received a letter called 'First Warning' dated February 17, 1942. The letter read, "White Satan, you impress upon the Viceroy of India to declare Independence of India within March 25, 1942. Else Indian soil would be made red with white blood." The letter was undersigned by 'Nazi Ger man Japan Independence Association of India' and it was forwarded to the highest authority of government. 
 
Opening and reading letters, maintaining dossiers, pulling up councillors (of Calcutta Corporation), examining the editors of newspapers for publishing war and airstrikes related news, all were part of the intelligence gathering mechanism.

Netaji Files: The Japanese were in favour of ‘Bose group’ during WW-II

The <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/Netaji-files-declassified-So-Bose-could-have-been-alive-till-as-recently-as-1964/articleshow/49010628.cms">Netaji files declassified in Kolkata</a> by the West Bengal government haven’t been able to shed much light over the mystery of the disappearance of the hero of India’s freedom struggle as of yet. While analysing all the files, consisting 12,000 plus pages would need some time, a few twists in the probe would be beneficial meanwhile. 
 
As per a recent analysis, it is being assumed that Freedom fighter <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=netaji">Netaji Subash Chandra Bose</a> was "alive" and "somewhere in Manchuria, China" in 1948. In the dossier, file no. 22 contains some information on this from Bose’s trusted aide, Deb Nath Das. 
 
An extract dated August 9, 1948, says: "Deb Nath Das, an ex-INA leader who is actively engaged in anti-Congress propaganda, is preaching in political and party circles that Netaji Subash Chandra Bose is alive and is somewhere in Manchuria, China at present." 
 
"To rouse the curiosity and even belief of the people, he (Das) says that Netaji told him before the plane-crash that the possibility of a third world war would emerge in the wake of the Second World War." 
 
On August 22, 1945, Tokyo Radio announced the "death" of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in an air crash in Formosa (now Taiwan) on August 18, 1945, en route to Japan. However, the crash theory has been rejected by scores of Bose's followers and admirers and claims of the revolutionary leader resurfacing continue to intrigue and divide Indians over the years. 
 
Adding to the controversy, the extract further states that Das had asserted that in 1948 Bose was keeping tabs on the international as well as national scenario. 
 
"Das adds that Netaji is watching both the international and national situation, vis-A-vis India, to find out as to which among the foreign powers was her friend or enemy. There is a talk that Deb Nath Das may contest the by-election from south <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=kolkata">Calcutta</a> constituency of the West Bengal Assembly." 
 
Das, according to a declassified 1948 confidential diary page of the Calcutta police, was known to give "fiery lectures" against the then Indian government. 
 
"Except for the meetings attended or presided over by Das, in which he always gave fiery lectures against the government of India, nothing else could be known of his anti-Congress activities." 
 
<a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=west+bengal">West Bengal government</a> on Friday has made public 64 files to help unravel the mystery behind Bose's disappearance. 
 
Bose, once the Congress president, made contact with the Axis powers during World War II. He formed the Indian National Army in Singapore, with the help of the Japanese, and fought the British Indian Army. 
 
Ex-INA leader Das was a key member of the provisional government-in-exile formed by Bose in 1943.

Netaji was alive even a year after India’s Independence and in China!

His mysterious death has always been a hot topic of discussion when Indians sit together to discuss patriotism. Blaming the govt for neglecting investigation in his death case and cursing the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=World+War+%E2%80%93II+">World War –II</a> for the loss of the hero, Indians in general and Bengalis in particular have always been a bit emotional and sentimental about Netaji <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=subhas+chandra+bose">Subhas Chandra Bose. </a> 
 
His death has always been a mystery. Some say he was killed in a plane crash in <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Taiwan">Taiwan</a> in 1945, while many believe he was alive years after India’s independence. 
 
And almost 68 years after India’s independence, the government of West Bengal decides to make the secret files about Bose’s disappearance public, thanks to the chief minister <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Mamata+Banerjee">Mamata Banerjee’s</a> endeavour. 
 
The secret files on Bose have been declassified at Maniktala Police Museum in Kolkata this morning by the Police Commissioner S Purakayastha. While the dvd of the files have been given to Bose’s family members, the police haven’t mentioned when will it be accessible for the public. 
 
People aware of the files believe Netaji was alive till 1964. 
 
In 1960s , an intelligence report prepared by the US indicated that Bose returned to India in the February of 1964. Without mentioning Russia, Netaji researchers believe American intelligence units had learned about his imminent return from Russia via China 
 
"The report was prepared by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the US intelligence agency formed during World War II that later metamorphosed into Central Intelligence Agency or CIA. Remember, it was in 1949 that Netaji's elder brother Sarat Bose wrote an article: 'Netaji in Red China'. I believe this is conclusive proof that Netaji did not die in 1945," Netaji researcher Jayanta Chowdhury told The Times of India. Chowdhury had concluded before Justice Manoj Mukherjee Commission that the Taihoku plane crash hadn't happened. 
 
Among the contents of the 64 files, US intelligence reports on Netaji's escape from house arrest on January 16, 1941. 
 
While history records that Bose, disguised as a Sikh, was driven away by his nephew Sisir, the CIA report - declassified and published 50 years later in the early 1990s - states that five Sikhs had arrived at 38/2 Elgin Road and all five had left in a wagon. One of them was Bose. But there is no mention of a relative. Intelligence Bureau records contain names of visitors to the Netaji residence on that date. 
 
Another indicator that the Allied powers did not believe Netaji died in a plane crash on August 18, 1945, is the sixth volume of the Transfer of Power document published in the UK after the War. It explored several options about how to deal with Subhas Bose - considered a war criminal for his alignment with Axis powers Germany and Japan - including court martial, deportation to a Sicilian island and a suggestion that he wouldn't be made to surrender or tried "if he stays where he is". 
 
 
Gumnami Baba - the ascetic of Faizabad, who some believe was Netaji - had told his followers, including former INA veterans, about the difficulties he and the country would face from superior powers if his presence became public. 
 
However, the most important file that could have contained definitive evidence on Netaji after 1945 has been destroyed. Only the front page of File No. 12(226)/56-PM regarding 'Investigation into the circumstances leading to the death of Subhas Chandra Bose' is left. The rest of the file was destroyed in 1972 when Congress was in power in West Bengal and Siddharth Shankar Ray was chief minister. 
 
"I believe some historical missing link may be obtained if successive state governments haven't already tampered with the files. While Congress had every reason to distort facts, so do Communists whose role as secret service agents in India during the Freedom movement is clear in the contents," said Chowdhury, adding that there is also a file on role of chief ministers in the Netaji mystery.

​Netaji files declassified: So Bose could have been alive till as recently as 1964?

<ul><li>Weak external demand and uncertain global environment would be a drag on domestic growth prospects, said RBI governor <keyword id="6359111" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="shaktikanta-das" source="Orion">Shaktikanta Das</keyword>. </li><li>‘According to our surveys, manufacturing, services and infrastructure sector firms are optimistic about the business outlook,’ he said </li><li>‘<keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> has the inherent strength, an enabling policy environment, and strong macroeconomic fundamentals and buffers to deal with the future challenges.’ </li></ul>The Indian economy is projected to grow at 6.4% in 2023-24, said the <keyword id="6354335" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="reserve-bank-of-india" source="Orion">Reserve Bank of India</keyword> (RBI) on Wednesday. The real GDP growth rate projected by the RBI measures the growth in gross domestic product adjusted for inflation or deflation. India’s Economic Survey 2022-2023 released on January 31, a day before the Union Budget, cast a wide net for FY23 GDP growth projection between 6-6.8%. However both RBI and the Survey estimate India’s FY23 growth at 7%. RBI governor Shaktikanta Das, in his speech after the <keyword id="6375120" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="monetary-policy-committee" source="Orion">Monetary Policy Committee</keyword> meeting on Wednesday, said that while domestic factors seem to show resilience in the economy, the situation remains fluid and uncertain due to weak external demand and the uncertain global environment – factors which would be a drag on domestic growth prospects. In FY24, he projects first quarter growth at 7.8%, second quarter growth at 6.2%, third quarter growth at 6%, and fourth quarter growth at 5.8%. “According to our surveys, manufacturing, services and infrastructure sector firms are optimistic about the business outlook. On the other hand, protracted geopolitical tensions, tightening global financial conditions and slowing external demand may continue as downside risks to domestic output,” Das said as he <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/rbi-hikes-interest-rates-by-25-basis-points-to-6-5-says-core-inflation-remains-sticky/articleshow/97716217.cms">increased base interest rate by 25 basis</a> points to 6.5%. What do international agencies expect? The International Monetary Fund (IMF) <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/indian-economy-retains-its-crown-as-a-bright-spot-imf-report/articleshow/97472027.cms">said recently that it expects the</a> Indian economy to grow by 6.1% in 2023, 70 basis points lower than the 6.8% growth it projected for 2022. The agency measures economic growth by calendar year instead of financial year. Last November, <keyword id="6361649" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="goldman-sachs" source="Orion">Goldman Sachs</keyword> slashed its India GDP growth projects to 5.9% for 2023. It had projected 2022 GDP growth rate at 6.9%, a tad higher than that of the IMF’s. It said that India’s growth momentum will be affected by fading effects of post-Covid reopening, coupled with higher borrowing costs. “Growth will likely be a tale of two halves, with a slower first half as the reopening boost fades, and monetary tightening weighs on domestic demand. In the second half, growth is likely to re-accelerate as global growth recovers, drag from net exports diminishes, and investment cycle picks up,” said Goldman Sachs according to<a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/indicators/goldman-sachs-slashes-indias-gdp-forecast-for-2023-to-5-9/articleshow/95651040.cms"> a Bloomberg report</a>. Many agencies including CRISIL and S&amp;P had downgraded their growth projections on the Indian economy as the rate of growth had started slowing down after the first two quarters. In fact, RBI itself had changed its estimates twice on how much India will grow in FY23. Das, who said that the world economic situation is not as grim as it was a few months ago, is confident about the Indian economy, which has emerged stronger after having suffered multiple major shocks in the last three years. “India has the inherent strength, an enabling policy environment, and strong macroeconomic fundamentals and buffers to deal with the future challenges. I am reminded here of the words of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: Never lose your faith in the destiny of India,” said Das. SEE ALSO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/rbi-hikes-interest-rates-by-25-basis-points-to-6-5-says-core-inflation-remains-sticky/articleshow/97716217.cms">RBI hikes interest rate by 25 bps to 6.5%, says core inflation remains ‘sticky’</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/budget/news/indian-economy-projected-to-grow-between-6-6-8-in-fy24-says-economic-survey-2023/articleshow/97489284.cms">Indian economy projected to grow between 6-6.8% in FY24; private capex necessary for job creation: Economic Survey 2023</a>

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Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the mystery of his death lives even after 75 years

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Netaji was alive even a year after India’s Independence and in China!

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Netaji files declassified: So Bose could have been alive till as recently as 1964?

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You Searched For "netaji subhas" and got 6 results

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the mystery of his death lives even after 75 years

Preeti Soni

5 best #SelfieWithDaughter from the pages of history

Usha Rani Das

Netaji Files: The Japanese were in favour of ‘Bose group’ during WW-II

BI India Bureau

Netaji was alive even a year after India’s Independence and in China!

BI India Bureau

​Netaji files declassified: So Bose could have been alive till as recently as 1964?

BI India Bureau

India to grow at 6.4% in FY24 says RBI, projects FY23 growth rate at 7%

Katya Naidu

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Netaji files declassified: So Bose could have been alive till as recently as 1964?