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A potentially hazardous giant asteroid is set to zoom past <keyword id="6359982" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="earth" source="Orion">Earth</keyword> with a 37,400 km/h speed on Thursday, according to <keyword id="6360409" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword>. The asteroid, named 418135 (2008 AG33), has an estimated diameter between 350 to 780 metres, revealed NASA's <keyword id="13734975" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="centre-for-near-earth-object-studies" source="Orion">Centre for Near Earth Object Studies</keyword> (CNEOS). NASA defines any space object that comes within 193 million km of Earth as a "near-Earth object" (NEO) and any fast-moving object within 7.5 million km as "potentially hazardous". According to the Centre, as they orbit the <keyword id="24879" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="sun" source="Orion">Sun</keyword>, the NEOs can occasionally approach close to Earth. However, it explained that a "close" passage astronomically can be very far away in human terms: millions or even tens of millions of kilometres. Asteroid 418135 is thus expected to skim past our planet without any risk of impact, <keyword id="1274891" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="live-science" source="Orion">Live Science</keyword> reported. At its closest point, the asteroid, travelling at more than 30 times the speed of sound, will come within about 3.2 million kilometres of Earth, which is roughly eight times the average distance between Earth and the Moon. Asteroid 418135 was first discovered on January 12, 2008, by asteroid surveyors at the Mt. <keyword id="13734974" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="lemmon-skycenter" source="Orion">Lemmon SkyCenter</keyword> observatory in Arizona and last zipped past Earth on March 1, 2015, according to CNEOS. The asteroid swings by our planet roughly every seven years, with the next close flyby predicted to come on May 25, 2029. But it may not be the biggest space rock to hurtle past Earth. Another asteroid, named 467460 (2006 JF42) is touted to be the biggest so far to zoom past Earth, the report said. The space rock has an estimated diameter between 380 to 860 metres and will be travelling at roughly 40,700 km/h when it passes Earth on May 9. Several space agencies are already working on ways to possibly deflect asteroids flying straight at Earth. Last November, NASA launched a spacecraft as a part of its Double Asteroid Redirection Test mission, which plans to redirect a non-hazardous asteroid by ramming it off course. China is also in the early planning stages of an asteroid-redirect mission. By slamming 23 Long March 5 rockets into the asteroid Bennu, the country says it would be able to divert the space rock from a potentially catastrophic impact with Earth, the report said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/ola-may-be-rushing-into-electric-cars-when-scooters-continue-to-underperform/articleshow/91141264.cms"></a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-will-now-allow-users-to-remove-personal-information-from-their-search-results/articleshow/91142502.cms">Google will now allow users to remove personal information from their Search results</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/adani-enterprises-sets-up-a-wholly-owned-media-arm/articleshow/91128727.cms"></a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/skywatching-on-april-30-venus-and-jupiter-will-look-like-they-are-about-to-collide/articleshow/91145254.cms">Skywatching on April 30: Venus and Jupiter will look like they are about to collide</a>

Potentially hazardous giant asteroid to skim past Earth on Thursday: NASA

Bengaluru, The <keyword id="16816527" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="propulsion-module" source="Orion">Propulsion Module</keyword> (PM) of Chandrayaan-3 has been moved from an orbit around the Moon to an orbit around Earth, <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword> has said, terming the operation a unique experiment. The primary objective of the <keyword id="15331763" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="chandrayaan-3-mission" source="Orion">Chandrayaan-3 mission</keyword> was to demonstrate a soft landing near the lunar south polar region and perform experiments using the instruments on the 'Vikram' lander and the 'Pragyan' rover. The spacecraft was launched on July 14, 2023, on board the LVM3-M4 vehicle from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC-SHAR). On August 23, the Vikram lander made its historic touchdown on the Moon and subsequently, the Pragyan rover was deployed. The scientific instruments in the lander and rover were operated continuously for one lunar day as per the defined mission life. "The mission objectives of Chandrayaan-3 have been completely met," the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) said in a statement. For the Propulsion Module, the main objective was to ferry the lander module from the Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) to the final lunar polar circular orbit and separate the lander, it said. After the separation, the Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload in the PM was also operated, the space agency said. The initial plan was to operate this payload for about three months during the mission life of the PM. The precise orbit injection by LVM3 and optimal earth or lunar burn manoeuvres resulted in the availability of over 100 kg of fuel in the PM after over one month of operations in the lunar orbit, it added. ISRO said that it was decided to use the available fuel in the PM to derive additional information for future lunar missions and demonstrate the mission operation strategies for a sample return mission. To continue the SHAPE payload for earth observation, it was decided to re-orbit the PM to a suitable earth orbit. This mission plan was worked out considering collision avoidance such as preventing the PM from crashing onto the Moon's surface or entering into the Earth's Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) belt at 36,000 km and orbits below that, the statement said. Considering the estimated fuel availability and the safety of the GEO spacecraft, the optimal earth return trajectory was designed for October 2023. The first maneuver was performed on October 9, 2023, to raise apolune altitude to 5,112 km from 150 km thus increasing the period of orbit from 2.1 hours to 7.2 hours. Later, considering the estimate of available propellant, the second manoeuvre plan was revised to target an Earth orbit of 1.8 lakh x 3.8 lakh km. The Trans-Earthinjection (TEI) maneuver was performed on October 13, 2023. In the post-TEI manoeuvre realised orbit, the PM made four Moon fly-bys before departing the sphere of influence (SOI) of the Moon on November 10. Currently, the PM is orbiting Earth and crossed its first perigee on November 22 with an altitude of 1.54 lakh km. The orbit period is nearly 13 days with a 27-degree inclination. The perigee and apogee altitude vary during its trajectory and the predicted minimum perigee altitude is 1.15 lakh km, ISRO said. "Hence as per current orbit prediction, there is no threat of close approach with any operational Earth-orbiting satellites," it said. As per the plan, the SHAPE payload is being operated whenever Earth is in its field of view. Also, a special operation of the SHAPE payload was carried out on October 28, 2023, during a solar eclipse. The SHAPE payload operations will continue further, the statement added. "UR Rao Satellite Centre/ISRO's flight dynamics team has developed an analysis tool from first principles for this operation which is being validated through the return maneuvers carried out for the Chandrayaan-3 PM," ISRO said. According to ISRO, the following are the main outcomes of the return manoeuvres carried out on the PM related to future missions: Planning and execution of trajectory and manoeuvres to return from the Moon to Earth; development of a software module to plan such a manoeuvre and its preliminary validation; planning and execution of a gravity-assisted fly-by across a planet or celestial body; and avoiding uncontrolled crashing of the PM onto the Moon's surface at the end of life of the PM thus meeting the requirements of no debris creation.

ISRO moves Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module to orbit around Earth in unique experiment

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Time can appear to move faster or slower to us relative to others in a different part of space-time. </li><li>That means astronauts on the International Space Station age slower than people on Earth.</li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronauts-speak-out-boeing-starliner-spaceship-issues-space-station-2024-7">Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams</a> are stuck in space on the International Space Station until February, but it's not the worst that could happen.There are a lot of perks to spending time in space from the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-astronaut-photos-from-the-international-space-station-this-year-2022-11">epic views</a> to the company. The one that you rarely hear about, though, is the aging effect.Astronauts age more slowly than people on Earth. The difference isn't noticeable though — after spending six months on the ISS, astronauts age about <a href="https://x.com/esa/status/1761346288824528913?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1761346288824528913%7Ctwgr%5E4f4d17cad38b975a9eb2c223018f61dfa14b3fdd%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&amp;ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Fexplained-why-astronauts-age-slightly-slower-in-space-5143360" target="_blank" rel="noopener">0.005 seconds</a> less than the rest of us.So after spending about <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-stranded-astronauts-return-nasa-boeing-starliner-spacex-crew-dragon-2024-8">9 extra months in space</a>, Williams and Wilmore will be about 0.0075 seconds younger than if they'd returned to Earth in June as scheduled. <div type="image" title="photo of Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams smiling at the camera from inside the white interior of a spaceship" height="640" width="1280" msid="113468405" hostid="261" sizebytes="54814"></div>There are a couple of scientific reasons for why this happens, and it all starts with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cosmic-glitch-makes-scientists-rethink-einstein-greatest-theory-2024-5">Albert Einstein's theory of relativity</a>. <h2>At first, it seems like astronauts should age faster, not slower</h2>We've all heard the phrase that "time is relative," but it can be difficult to wrap our minds around what that actually means.The phrase came from Einstein's theory of relativity that joined space and time and created the idea of a fabric that permeates the whole universe: "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/einstein-concept-space-time-theorist-brian-greene-science-physics-2016-11">space-time.</a>"We all measure our experience in space-time differently. That's because space-time isn't flat — it's curved, and it can be <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/black-hole-warps-space-astronomers-see-light-behind-it-2021-8">warped by matter</a> and energy.<div type="image" title="Illustrations of Earth warping a blue grid in space that's the fabric of space-time" height="1055" width="2111" msid="113468408" hostid="261" sizebytes="488476"></div>This effect leads to something called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/crazy-physics-to-understand-interstellar-2014-11">gravitational time dilation</a>. Time appears to move slower near massive objects because the object's gravitational force bends space-time.Technically, that means a watch strapped to your ankle will eventually fall behind one strapped to your wrist because your feet are nearer to Earth's center of gravity than your hands. But the effect is so minuscule that you'd never notice.Astronauts aboard the ISS, on the other hand, are much farther from Earth's center of gravity than the rest of us — about 260 miles farther. So, in that case, astronauts actually age slower.But time is weird, and there's another phenomenon called relative velocity time dilation that usurps gravity's effect.<h2>Why astronauts age slower</h2>Relative velocity time dilation is where time moves slower as you move faster.The classic example of this is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/albert-einstein-thought-experiments-2023-10">the twin scenario</a>. One twin blasts off in a spaceship traveling close to the speed of light, and one twin stays behind on Earth. When the space-traveling twin returns to Earth, she's only aged a couple of years, but she's shocked to find that her Earth-bound sister has aged over a decade.Of course, no one has performed that experiment in real life, but there's evidence that it's real. When scientists <a href="https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/02/jila-atomic-clocks-measure-einsteins-general-relativity-millimeter-scale">launched an atomic clock</a> into orbit and back — while keeping an identical clock here on Earth — it returned running ever so slightly behind the Earth-bound clock. It's the same effect for astronauts on the ISS.<div type="image" title="The International Space Station (ISS) photographed by Expedition 56 crew members from a Soyuz spacecraft after undocking, October 4, 2018." height="4032" width="5376" msid="113468406" hostid="261" sizebytes="908558"></div>The space station is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-spend-355-days-orbit-international-space-station-2022-9">whizzing around Earth</a> at about five miles per second (18,000 mph), according to NASA. That means time moves slower for the astronauts relative to people on the surface.Now, it's not as slow as it could be because gravitational time-dilation is actually making them age a smidge faster compared to the rest of us on Earth. But their velocity time dilation has a bigger effect than their gravitational time dilation, so in the end, astronauts age slightly slower while in space.<h2>Astronaut's telomeres also grow longer while in space </h2>Unrelated to the physics of space-time is another <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-twin-study-new-results-mark-scott-kelly-2017-10">peculiar phenomenon astronauts experience</a> that suggests an anti-aging effect. A couple of preliminary studies in recent years have found that astronauts' telomeres grow longer while in space. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nobel-prize-winning-elizabeth-blackburn-telomere-effect-how-to-slow-down-aging-effects-2017-1">Telomeres are caps</a> at the ends of your chromosomes that protect against damage. As you age, your telomeres shorten. <div type="image" title="illustrations of x-shaped blue chromosomes with white capped telomeres" height="1322" width="1762" msid="113468409" hostid="261" sizebytes="41396"></div>But when astronaut Scott Kelly spent a year in space, he came back with telomeres that were longer than when he left. The <a href="https://cvmbs.source.colostate.edu/new-research-spaceflight-susan-bailey/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">same was found true</a> for four commercial astronauts who were part of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-final-members-of-the-all-civilian-inspiration4mission-revealed-2021-4">2021 SpaceX Inspiration4 spaceflight</a>. Interestingly, they only spent three days in space.It's unclear if <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anti-aging-longevity-trends-shock-testosterone-2023-3">longer telomeres are linked to a longer life</a>, though. Research is ongoing in that field of work.Moreover, aging fractions of a second slower due to the quarks of space-time isn't going to make a difference either. That's not why we go to space. We go to space because, "space exploration unites the world to inspire the next generation, make ground-breaking discoveries, and create new opportunities," according to NASA.So the next time you find yourself wishing the weekend would last longer, stay low to the ground and move really fast. It won't feel like your weekend got any longer, but technically you may gain a teeny, tiny fraction of a fraction of a second. Remember, time is relative.An earlier version of this story was published on January 1, 2023, and it was most recently updated on September 18, 2024.

Here's why astronauts age slower than the rest of us here on Earth

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="19895159" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Russia" source="keywords">Russia</keyword> and <keyword id="19894886" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="China" source="keywords">China</keyword> are investigating ways to disable <keyword id="21403350" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="US-satellites" source="keywords">US satellites</keyword>, raising defense concerns.</li><li>China is testing <keyword id="21403351" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="satellite-grappling-technology" source="keywords">satellite grappling technology</keyword> that can move objects in space without debris.</li></ul>Russia and China appear to be actively looking into ways to watch and potentially incapacitate US satellites in space, and defense analysts are concerned. "China and Russia are both operating satellites that attempt to better understand high-value U.S. government satellites" and engaging in other alarming activities, analysts at the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies said in the think tank's 2024 <a target="_blank" href="https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2024-04/240417_Swope_Space_Threat_0.pdf?VersionId=DDeJ0EkYnF5W7POfMJHVGjkxEVeTx3o0">Space Threat Assessment</a> report. "These developments are concerning and will likely continue in the coming years." "Both Russia and China routinely <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-conducts-space-based-anti-satellite-weapons-test-2020-7">maneuver their satellites near Western government and commercial satellites</a>, sometimes remaining close by for months at a time," the report's six expert authors said. China has been testing technology and mechanisms that allow satellites to grapple onto other satellites. Analysts at CSIS drew this conclusion after it was reported that China successfully used its SJ-21 satellite to grapple and direct an inoperative satellite to a new location in orbit. The potential grappler satellites China could be testing have an "unfriendly" connotation as they are capable of hijacking and moving objects like satellites in space "without generating any debris." In a February hearing, US Space Command leader Gen. Stephen Whiting described the pace of<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/space-race-anti-satellite-china-russia-war-us-2017-07"> China's space expansion</a> as "breathtaking." Beijing, Whiting <a target="_blank" href="https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/whiting_statement.pdf">said</a>, is "growing its military space and counterspace capabilities at breathtaking pace to deny American and Allied space capabilities when they so choose." Russia likely has at least two satellites conducting "an espionage mission but may also perform other functions." Experts also believe that at points within the past decade, Russia has tested projectile weapons to be used in Low Earth orbit. "All of these unfriendly behaviors in space have become commonplace," the analysts wrote. And earlier this year, the White House sounded alarms about a Russian system that US officials told reporters involved putting some sort of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-could-blind-us-with-nuclear-space-weapon-ex-cia-director-2024-2">nuclear capability into outer space</a>. Security experts have often said that China and Russia would <a target="_blank" href="https://www.economist.com/international/2024/01/31/america-china-and-russia-are-locked-in-a-new-struggle-over-space?utm_medium=affiliates.content.pd&amp;utm_source=Skimbit%20Ltd.&amp;utm_campaign=16002&amp;utm_content=Online%20Tracking%20Link&amp;irclickid=0mlX%3AH0zGxyKU3LyIL0hGyY4UkHWe6VvgwKm0g0&amp;channel=Impact&amp;irgwc=1">take down</a> satellites as their first course of action in the event of war. The US currently has thousands of satellites in space. Some are capable of tracking ballistic missile threats, some serve commercial endeavors, others provide critical GPS services, and others gather intelligence. These satellites serve US economic and national security interests, and in a great power conflict, these space assets are critical. But they're at risk as rivals China and Russia advance their respective counterspace capabilities. A senior Marine Corps officer in information, Lt. Gen. Matthew Glavy, warned last year that the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-must-control-space-in-future-wars-top-marine-general-2023-12">US has to be ready for challenges in space</a>. "I'm telling you right now: We don't win the space domain? Don't even bother," he said. "No space, no chance."

US satellites could face threat from Russia and China's 'unfriendly' space behavior, warn defense analysts

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/comet-heading-earth-bright-outshine-stars-scientists-c-2023-a32023-3">Comet A3, or Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS</a>, is visible in the Northern Hemisphere this October.</li><li>The comet takes 80,000 years to orbit the sun, so Neanderthals were among the last people to see it.</li></ul>A rare comet is gleaming in our skies this October, it's your only chance to ever see it, and it might be <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/saw-northern-lights-surprising-photos-misleading-2024-5">visible to the naked eye</a>.Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, or Comet A3, is a dusty ball of ice from the Oort Cloud that takes about 80,000 years to orbit the sun. That means some of the last people to see it were <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/last-neanderthal-thorin-unique-dna-help-explain-species-extinction-2024-9">Neanderthals</a>.This is the best opportunity in years, and possibly in a decade, to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/green-comet-ztf-viewing-where-when-how-see-2023-1">see a bright comet in the sky</a>. Experts are hopeful that Comet A3 will be "highly memorable" and "a real crowd pleaser," according to Dan Bartlett, an astrophotographer who tracks comets.But you <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tried-see-green-comet-fail-2023-2">need to be prepared</a>."It's just hard to make the time to be in the right place, to have the right experience," Teddy Kareta, a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronomer-animations-reveal-solar-system-physics-2021-10">planetary scientist</a> who specializes in comets at the Lowell Observatory, told Business Insider.When Kareta has talked to people who have <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/devil-comet-visible-during-total-solar-eclipse-how-see-2024-4">seen a truly great comet</a>, though, "there's just nothing like it," he said.Here's everything you should know to be in the right place at the right time and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-when-to-see-green-comet-mars-together-night-sky-2023-2">spot the comet</a>.<h2 id="11d1e1ae-eb70-4e43-aa3a-ab5cb2a93f24">How bright is Comet A3?</h2>Nobody is certain about how bright this comet will be, but Kareta says it has the potential to be the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-see-green-comet-nishimura-2023-9">brightest comet</a> in a decade.The last big, bold comet was <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/comet-neowise-surprise-appearance-earth-unprepared-for-asteroids-2020-7">NEOWISE in 2020</a>. It was visible to the naked eye and produced stunning photos like this:<div type="image" title="comet neowise belarus" height="1911" width="3000" msid="113849897" hostid="261" sizebytes="285386"></div>Astronomers are divided about whether Comet A3 will shine as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/comet-neowise-passing-close-to-earth-dazzling-photos-videos-2020-7">bright as Comet NEOWISE</a>.In recent weeks, A3 has at times been brighter than predicted and at other times matched predictions, according to the BBC's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/beginners-guide-comet-c-2023-a3">Sky at Night Magazine</a> and Robert Massey, the deputy executive director of the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mGtE7282Q&amp;ab_channel=RoyalAstronomicalSociety">Royal Astronomical Society</a>.From a dark-sky vantage point at Mono Lake, California — tucked into the Sierra Nevadas — Bartlett says he can see the comet with binoculars already.But comets can change quickly, in a matter of hours. That's because their brightness depends on what type and amount of gas or dust they're emitting, and that can change on a dime.For example, in 2007 Comet Holmes suddenly flared up and became 500,000 times brighter in just two days because a pocket of gas inside it had breached its surface, according to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.space.com/20347-comet-brightness-predictions-difficult.html">Space.com</a>."Sometimes people will say that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/comet-everest-sky-how-to-see-it-12p-pons-brooks-2024-3">predicting comets</a> is kind of like playing the lottery," Kareta said.<h2 id="f9be457b-ee58-4abd-b650-c3903d50bfb8">When and where to see Comet A3</h2>Weather permitting, everyone in the Northern Hemisphere should be able to see Comet A3 in October.There are two windows to catch it, one from now through October 2 and another from October 12 to 30, according to a press release from Massey.During the first window, the comet appears above the eastern horizon during a 15-minute window that begins one hour before sunrise, according to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.space.com/comet-tsuchinshan-atlas-brightening-perihelion-how-to-see">Space.com</a>.However, the best opportunity to see the comet, when it's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.astronomy.com/observing/comet-tsuchinshan-atlas-may-soon-become-bright/">closest to Earth</a>, is during the second window. After sunset, it will shine in the west, just to the left of the Big Dipper's handle, making for a more schedule-friendly viewing time.<h2 id="f584376a-e5c8-4cf2-9b77-2d6434dabfc3">Where to go and what to bring</h2>For the best viewing, you should drive far from the city and gaze into a very dark sky. Check Business Insider's list of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/darkest-skies-by-state-watch-space-events-stargazing">dark-sky spots in each state</a>.<div type="image" title="night sky with meteors shooting stars bright white streaks and one extra bright fireball above a rocky hillside of evergreen trees" height="681" width="1024" msid="113849895" hostid="261" sizebytes="82586"></div>If that's not an option, though, find a relatively dark spot outside the worst of the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-dark-skies-look-like-how-many-more-stars-than-cities-suburbs">city lights</a> — maybe on a hill or just outside the city — where you can face away from any major light sources to look toward Comet A3."Even if you live in an area with lots and lots of street lights, lots of smog, lots of smoke, lots of whatever, you still ought to go for it," Kareta said.Check the weather before you go. If it will be cloudy all night, for example, you may want to plan for another evening. Bring warm layers and a chair or blanket to lay back on. Without support, you might be surprised how quickly your neck gets tired of craning back to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-see-exploding-star-nova-nasa-says-expect-soon-2024-3">look at the stars</a>.If you have binoculars or a telescope, bring them. There's no guarantee of naked-eye visibility. In some cities, you can check out binoculars or a telescope from your local library.Especially if you're a beginner, you may want to download a skywatching app like Sky Safari ($4.99 in the App Store) or pull up a website like Stellarium (free) on your phone. Once you're on the ground, that will help you pinpoint where the comet is in the sky.<h2 id="b4523206-0dfd-4a5e-acaf-d6a8ee9de2a4">How to look for the comet</h2>Finding a comet in the sky is harder than you might think. You'll need to know a few tips and techniques.Once you reach your comet-watching spot, it can help to open your skywatching app to identify exactly where the comet is in the sky, near a constellation you recognize — like the Big Dipper.Then give your eyes at least 30 minutes to adjust to the dark. Try not to look at your phone. Even a small burst of blue light is enough to reset your eyes.If the comet doesn't immediately jump out to you, try scanning around the area. Your peripheral vision is more sensitive to faint objects, so you might spot it in the corner of your eye.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/green-comet-ztf-what-look-like-see-photos-2023-1">You're looking for</a> a smudge, slightly bigger than a star. It won't twinkle like the stars do, and it will look a bit blurrier, with less defined borders. It might appear elongated because of the comet's tail, which is dust and gas flowing off its icy body."If you look at it and it looks like it's behaving differently than some of the stars nearby, that's a really good sign that you've picked up on the right thing," Kareta said.If you're still not sure, try taking a long-exposure photo with your phone. This is built into most phone cameras' nighttime settings. (Hint: Turn your brightness down to protect your eyes.)The long exposure will provide a clearer image of the comet than your eyes can.If you can't find Comet A3 at all, Kareta recommends trying again a few days later."Go one night out, and then take a night off, and go back out. You'll know better how to time it, how to get ready," he said.<h2 id="4dc3ee16-f7a1-4a12-9138-5ef798a3a762">How to photograph the comet</h2>If your phone isn't picking up the comet, a DSLR camera might do the trick. Massey recommends taking a series of exposures.You can also hold your phone camera up to the lens of your binoculars or telescope to take a picture through it. That method can be tricky, so it helps to practice a bit in advance.After this, Comet A3 won't return for tens of thousands of years. "See it now or lose your chance," Kareta said.

How to see Comet A3, which could be the best comet in a decade. Neanderthals walked the Earth last time it flew by.

An <keyword id="6549794" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="asteroid">asteroid</keyword> the size of an airplane is set to cross the Earth's orbit on Wednesday, according to <keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> which expects that the space rock will not cause any harm to our home planet. As it crosses Earth's orbit, the near-Earth asteroid named 2020 RK2 will be about 38,30,238 kilometres from Earth. In terms of size, the asteroid is about 80 metres wide (which can be as big as Boeing 747) and travelling at 6.68km every second. NASA last month announced a new memorandum of understanding with the US Department of Defence that commits the two organisations to broad collaboration in areas including human spaceflight, US space policy, space transportation, standards and best practices for safe operations in space, scientific research, and planetary defence. "NASA is tasked with discovering and tracking near-Earth #asteroids. <keyword id="1710347" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Deep-Space">Deep space</keyword> survey and tracking technology is an area of collaboration between @NASA and @SpaceForceDOD," NASA Asteroid Watch, the Planetary Defence Coordination Office of the US space agency, said in a tweet. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/tcs-infosys-wipro-and-hcl-tech-expected-to-announce-more-deals-more-money-and-more-savings-in-second-quarter/articleshow/78507656.cms">TCS, Infosys, Wipro and HCL Tech expected to announce more deals in the second quarter</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/policy/economy/news/mpc-to-meet-tomorrow-as-new-external-members-come-on-board/articleshow/78510248.cms">MPC to meet tomorrow as new external members come on board</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/cinema-halls-to-reopen-from-october-15-these-are-the-guidelines-and-sops-to-be-followed-at-all-cinema-halls-/articleshow/78508895.cms">Government issues guidelines for re-opening cinema halls — 50% capacity, one-seat distance, compulsory masks and other measures</a>

Airplane-size asteroid to cross Earth's orbit tomorrow

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Scientists have debated for years about what's going on with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earths-mysterious-core-is-a-lot-weirder-than-you-think-2023-9">Earth's inner core.</a></li><li>A new study offers compelling evidence that the inner core reversed direction and is slowing down. </li></ul>One of the key questions plaguing Earth scientists this past decade is "What's going on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-core-encased-by-ancient-ocean-mountains-taller-everest-2023-9">down there</a>?"Below your feet, about 3,400 miles down, is Earth's inner core. It's nearly as large as the moon, as hot as the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sun-images-reveal-creepy-threads-holes-light-bridge-solar-surface-2023-5">surface of the sun</a>, and helps maintain the planet's magnetic field that shields us from cell-obliterating cancer-inducing space radiation.In the last decade, scientists have been getting some unusual data about the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rare-element-arctic-lava-suggest-earth-core-may-leaking-2023-10">inner core's behavior</a> — data that suggests its rotation is going a little haywire.The data implies that in 2010, the inner core reversed its rotational direction compared to the Earth's surface — a phenomenon called backtracking. Now, the inner core is rotating more slowly than before the shift.There's no risk of a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-asteroid-impact-simulation-experts-fear-congress-would-delay-action-2024-6">cataclysmic disaster</a> of dead birds falling from the sky or skin-blistering sunburns in seconds, like in the 2003 blockbuster "The Core." The most we might experience on the surface is a minuscule lengthening in our days as rotation slows, but the change would be so small — we're talking milliseconds — that we probably wouldn't even notice.<h2 id="3dff27bf-3ba3-4516-bba9-4fa9180b0310">New study may settle backtracking debate</h2>Scientists aren't even sure what's really going on down there. It's not like we can <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earths-core-may-be-coated-in-layer-of-crystals-study-2023-12">crack the planet</a> open and examine it.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-inner-core-may-have-stopped-spinning-reversed-direction-study-2023-1">Backtracking</a> also hasn't happened in the last 40 years, so the possibility of such a massive object undergoing such an extreme change has been more a topic of debate than a scientific certainty.But a recent study offers a new way of looking at the data that could help settle the debate. The research team behind the study even goes so far as to say they have the "most definitive evidence" yet that the inner core is, indeed, backtracking and moving more slowly."We're showing that it really does happen when about half the community didn't believe any of these studies for a while," John Vidale, a researcher involved with the study and dean's professor of Earth sciences at the University of Southern California, told Business Insider.<h2 id="2c70bf33-5319-450f-b395-ef64760e165d">Proving the inner core is backtracking</h2><div type="image" title="scientist john vidalewith grey hair sits in a red button-up shirt at his desk with a globe on the right and plants in the background" height="3840" width="5760" msid="111438214" hostid="261" sizebytes="486334"></div>The research team analyzed and compared <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/map-reveals-earthquake-risks-us-north-america-2020-4">seismograms</a> from over 100 repeating earthquakes that occurred between 1991 and 2023 in the South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-mexico-earthquakes-science-2018-2">Repeating earthquakes</a> are seismic events with nearly identical magnitudes that occur in almost the exact same location, along the same fault. Seismic energy is one of the few ways we can study the inner core because the energy waves can travel from the surface, through the mantle, to the core, and back again, where scientists can detect and measure it.Vidale and the team looked at how well the seismograms from repeating earthquakes correlated with one another."We can see changes in the waveforms of the seismograms as the inner core moves," Vidale told BI.Their approach offers "the most definitive evidence so far," that backtracking is happening, the team reported in a <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=7a1af1a330bff4b29e0dbbc53dd5b2e83f69fcddf3e6453573aa44d3c41afab9&amp;postID=667efb2e85b49b35b285b69c&amp;postSlug=earth-inner-core-slowing-down-first-time-in-decades-2024-6&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41586-024-07536-4">paper</a> published June 12 in the peer-reviewed journal Nature.Typically, scientists measure the time differences between seismic waves and how long it takes them to travel to the core and back. This can help map the core's position and how it changes over time. But it comes with a lot of guesswork around the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-inner-core-ball-butter-gooier-than-hard-metal-study-2023-10">inner core's structure</a>, "and we don't really know the structure down there that well," Vidale told BI.The team's new method doesn't require that kind of guesswork because they were simply looking at how well the seismograms matched up.However, even if we can say with more certainty that the inner core is backtracking and slowing down, it's difficult to calculate an exact speed of rotation or what's causing the shift in the first place.More likely than not, the inner core's behavior has to do with some sort of drag or friction with the outer core or gravitational influence from Earth's mantle, the researchers reported in the paper.Whatever the reason, there's still a lot we have to learn about the massive object churning beneath our feet.

Earth's inner core reversed direction and is slowing down, and scientists don't know why

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The Bluewalker 3 satellite now outshines nearly every star in the night sky.</li><li>The object's brightness could impede the study of the skies, according to a group of astronomers.</li></ul>A new satellite now outshines nearly every star in the night sky. With more such objects due to be launched soon, the night sky could be irreversibly changed, scientists warn.This finding was part of a study published on Monday in the journal <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=a265c16f94920a88e83890d2e26429572e47abe425c859ed5593c500b617e975&amp;postID=651b8d1623b6903d6ac901aa&amp;postSlug=manmade-object-satellite-outshines-nearly-every-star-night-sky-space-2023-10&amp;site=in&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41586-023-06672-7%23Sec3">Nature</a>.According to the report, a group of astronomers found that the newly launched Bluewalker 3 satellite now outshines every celestial body in the night sky other than seven stars, the Moon, Jupiter, and Venus.The study's authors — who observed Bluewalker 3 for 130 days — wrote that large constellations of bright and artificial satellites in low Earth orbit could impede the study of the skies.The Bluewalker 3 satellite was <a target="_blank" href="https://ast-science.com/2022/09/13/ast-spacemobile-confirms-successful-launch-of-bluewalker-3-into-orbit/">launched in September</a> last year by telecommunications company AST SpaceMobile — in collaboration with Vodafone, AT&amp;T, and Nokia — and <a target="_blank" href="https://ast-science.com/2023/09/19/ast-spacemobile-achieves-space-based-5g-cellular-broadband-connectivity-from-everyday-smartphones-another-historic-world-first/">enables 5G connectivity</a> between phones without the use of a cell tower.Patrick Seitzer, an emeritus astronomer at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, told Nature that if more companies were to launch fleets of large satellites like AST SpaceMobile, "then the night sky will be irreversibly changed."That's because the Bluewalker 3 satellite can be hundreds of times brighter than the maximum recommended level by the International Astronomical Union, a professional body of astronomers."These results demonstrate a continuing trend towards larger, brighter commercial satellites, which is of particular concern given the plans to launch many more in the coming years," <a target="_blank" href="https://www.iau.org/news/announcements/detail/ann23034/">wrote</a> Siegfried Eggl, one of the study's co-authors and an assistant professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, in a separate report. AST SpaceMobile <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=d4cf3e93642e92cd36e3332e10e9bc703fff08d43682a7f90c4c011e85e474a1&amp;postID=651b8d1623b6903d6ac901aa&amp;postSlug=manmade-object-satellite-outshines-nearly-every-star-night-sky-space-2023-10&amp;site=in&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fd41586-023-03054-x">told Nature</a> that it was working with NASA and astronomy groups to address the concerns raised in the study.However, this isn't the first time scientists have sounded the alarm over satellites interfering with the study of space.In March, scientists wrote in a series of articles for Nature that large fleets of satellites like the ones utilized by Elon Musk's SpaceX <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="c-link c-link--focus-visible" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/mar/20/light-polluting-mass-satellite-groups-must-be-regulated-say-scientists">should be regulated</a> to safeguard our ability to study the skies.It's a long-running concern that dates back to 2019 when some scientists called attention to Starlink satellites having the potential to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-starlink-satellites-risks-astronomy-space-junk-2019-11">blot out the stars</a>.AST SpaceMobile and the study's authors did not immediately respond to Insider's requests for comment, sent outside regular business hours.

A manmade object now outshines nearly every star in the night sky and that could be a problem, astronomers say 

<ul><li>In a rare event, two asteroids are going to whiz past Earth within hours of each other. </li><li>They’re not the biggest objects on the Asteroid Watch List but they’re two of the closest asteroids to pass by the planet.</li><li>Asteroid 2019 OU1 will be a mere 1 million kilometers from the Earth’s core as it flies past Earth.</li></ul>Asteroids whiz past Earth on a regular basis but it’s rare to see two of them gunning for the planet on the same day. <a href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2019%20QS">2019 QS</a> will be the first asteroid to make an appearance today and it’s around the same size as Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio De Janeiro or the Japan Tsunamis that stretched to 40 meters high. It will be followed by another asteroid dubbed <a href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2019%20OU1">2019 OU1</a>, which is over twice the size of its partner — making it almost as big as a football field at 98 meters. Both of them are going to flying past Earth within a couple of hours of each other. Neither of these two asteroids are as huge some others which are going to fly past the planet this year. But, they’re still on National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) <a href="https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/">Asteroid Watch List</a> of <keyword id="3106647" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="near-earth-objects">Near Earth Objects</keyword> (NEOs) that could pose a risk to the planet. That’s because they’re going to be flying in particularly close. It’s about the distance Most asteroids, regardless of size, are normally at least 3 million kilometers to the Earth’s core as they fly past. But 2019 QS, on the other hand, will come as close as 2 million kilometers. And, 2019 OU1 will be even closer — merely 1 million kilometers away. According to NASA’s Asteroid Watch, any NEO that’s within 7.5 million kilometers of Earth could be ‘potentially hazardous’. When space objects fly this close to the Earth, if external or internal factors were to change their trajectory even to a small degree — they could <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-city-killer-asteroid-got-scarily-close-to-earth-yesterday-and-astronomers-didnt-know-about-it-until-it-was-just-days-away/articleshow/70404032.cms">collide </a>with the planet. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/Astronomers-Are-Planning-Dramatic-Ways-To-Stop-An-Asteroid-Collision/articleshow/21343800.cms">Yarkovsky effect</a>, for instance, is the simple result of sunlight pushing an asteroid and changing the way that it rotates. A gravitational keyhole — gravity from other objects or planets in space — is another factor that could cause asteroids to change direction. The bigger the asteroid, the bigger the risk — like the asteroid that nearly <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/an-asteroid-nearly-half-the-size-of-mount-everest-might-be-on-a-collision-course-for-earth-in-less-than-a-year/articleshow/70698774.cms">half the size of Mount Everest and might be on a collision course for Earth in less than a year.</a> See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-happens-when-an-asteroid-actually-hits-earth/articleshow/70732006.cms">What happens when an asteroid actually hits Earth</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-is-asteroid-meteorite-and-meteor/articleshow/70654013.cms">An asteroid only turns into a meteor if it falls to Earth</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-last-major-asteroid-to-hit-earth-destroyed-500-square-kilometers-and-it-could-have-been-much-worse/articleshow/70782507.cms">The last major asteroid to hit Earth destroyed 500 square kilometers — and it could have been much worse</a>

Two asteroids bigger than the Japan tsunamis are coming eerily close to Earth today

<ul><li>The Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) predicts that a 4 kilometer wide asteroid is going to fly awfully close to the Earth in 2020. </li><li>The asteroid 1998 OR2 could also get pushed into a collision course directly for Earth because of the Yarkovsky effect and gravitational keyholes. </li><li>The massive asteroid could have devastating effects if it were to fall to Earth. </li></ul>An asteroid that stretches for four kilometers, half the of Mount Everest’s height, could be on a collision for Earth in less than a year. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies (<a href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?des=1998%20OR2">CNEOS</a>) estimates that the asteroid, dubbed at 1998 OR2, will be around 6.3 million kilometers from the Earth’s core when it passes by on 29 April 2020. But, there’s a chance that it will be much closer — and even on a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-is-asteroid-meteorite-and-meteor/articleshow/70654013.cms">direct collision course</a> with Earth — if there’s any nudge to the asteroid’s current trajectory. What can push the asteroid to Earth? There are two main factors in space that can <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-city-killer-asteroid-got-scarily-close-to-earth-yesterday-and-astronomers-didnt-know-about-it-until-it-was-just-days-away/articleshow/70404032.cms">affect the orbit</a> of an asteroid — one, the Yarkovsky effect and two, a gravitational keyhole. And, both, could either push the asteroid closer to Earth or, if one is lucky, further away. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/Astronomers-Are-Planning-Dramatic-Ways-To-Stop-An-Asteroid-Collision/articleshow/21343800.cms">Yarkovsky effect</a>, simply put, is when an asteroid gets pushed around by sunlight. The effect of light hitting an asteroid is minute, but as it happens over a longer period of time — it tends to add up. The shorter the wavelength, the more energy it has and thus the bigger the resulting push. When it comes a gravitational keyhole, on the other hand, the change in an asteroid’s orbit is more immediate. But unlike the Yarkovsky effect, where sunlight is all around, gravitational keyholes only occur in tiny regions of space. If the 1998 OR2 were to pass through a gravitational keyhole — any spot in space where the asteroid’s orbit could get affected by the gravity of a nearby planet — it has the potential to push the asteroid into a direct collision course with Earth. The point of concern is that if the asteroid is to hit Earth, there’s <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/neil-degrasse-tyson-and-other-scientists-believe-asteroids-will-eventually-hit-earth/articleshow/70644547.cms">very little</a> that anyone can do about it. As of now, most space agencies around the world are still working on their <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/astronaut-says-a-neglected-telescope-is-nasas-best-chance-of-defending-earth-from-city-killer-asteroids-for-gods-sake-fund-it/articleshow/66910270.cms">planetary defense strategies.</a> See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/neil-degrasse-tyson-and-other-scientists-believe-asteroids-will-eventually-hit-earth/articleshow/70644547.cms">It might not be 'dinosaur destroying' but it's only a matter of time before an asteroid hits Earth</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-is-asteroid-meteorite-and-meteor/articleshow/70654013.cms">An asteroid only turns into a meteor if it falls to Earth</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/an-asteroid-was-supposed-to-hit-earth-in-september-but-astronomers-cant-seem-to-find-it/articleshow/70270747.cms">An asteroid was supposed to hit Earth in September — but astronomers can’t seem to find it</a>

An asteroid nearly half the size of Mount Everest might be on a collision course for Earth in less than a year

<ul><li>The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has confirmed that an ‘unambiguously’ interstellar space object is going to visit our solar system. </li><li>The comet-like object now has an official name — 2I/Borisov. </li><li>2I signifies that it's the second <keyword id="5933698" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Interstellar-object">interstellar object</keyword> to be spotted and Borisov is the name of the astronomer who first spotted the object — Gennady Borisov. </li></ul>Earlier this month, astronomers spotted a new <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-second-mysterious-object-from-interstellar-space-may-be-about-to-fly-through-our-solar-system/articleshow/71089009.cms">mysterious interstellar object</a> which will visiting our solar system. It’s only the second such object to be spotted after <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-bizarre-interstellar-object-called-oumuamua-continues-to-perplex-astronomers-a-year-after-it-vanished-heres-why-a-few-scientists-still-wonder-if-it-was-alien-/articleshow/67809058.cms">Oumuamua</a>, last year. Now it officially has a name — 2I/Borisov. The 2I represents that it’s the second interstellar object to be spotted in our solar system.It is named after the astronomer who first spotted the object on 30 August 2019, Gennady Borisov. Aside from naming the object, the International Astronomical Union (<a href="https://www.iau.org/news/pressreleases/detail/iau1910/">IAU</a>) also confirmed that the object is ‘unambiguously’ interstellar in its origin. More time with the comet Astronomers currently believe that Borisov is a comet since it has a condensed body and a short tail as per the images captured by the <a href="https://www.iac.es/en/outreach/news/gran-telescopio-canarias-obtains-visible-spectrum-c2019-q4-borisov-first-confirmed-interstellar-comet">Gran Telescopio Canarias</a> — one of the largest telescopes in the world. If it is a comet, it has the most hyperbolic orbits that has ever been observed. <div type="image" title="borisov orbit_edited" msid="71286898" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;2I Borisov&amp;#39;s hyperbolic orbit&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 It’s Borisov’s trajectory and velocity that led astronomers to conclude that it is a visitor to our solar system. It’s difficult to ascertain the exact size of the comet because its nucleus is embedded in the coma — the surrounding dust and ice. But, based on how brightly it shines, IAU estimates that its at least a few kilometers in diameter. <div type="image" title="borisov_brightness" msid="71286886" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The estimated diameter of 2I Borisov based on its brightness&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 It’s also going to be visiting for a lot longer than Oumuamua. Astronomers only had a few days to observe the first interstellar object but Borisov will be staying on till January giving scientists months to record its behaviour. It will be the closest to Earth on 7 December 2019 at a distance of about 3 million kilometers. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-second-mysterious-object-from-interstellar-space-may-be-about-to-fly-through-our-solar-system/articleshow/71089009.cms">A second mysterious object from interstellar space may be about to fly through our solar system</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-bizarre-interstellar-object-called-oumuamua-continues-to-perplex-astronomers-a-year-after-it-vanished-heres-why-a-few-scientists-still-wonder-if-it-was-alien-/articleshow/67809058.cms">A bizarre interstellar object called 'Oumuamua continues to perplex astronomers a year after it vanished. Here's why a few scientists still wonder if it was alien.</a>

You Searched For "near earth objects" and got 11 results

Potentially hazardous giant asteroid to skim past Earth on Thursday: NASA

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