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Monkeypox uncovered: Essential facts and insights

Days ago, a 26-year-old, infected by the clade-2 variant of <keyword id="20134986" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="keywords">Monkeypox</keyword>, became India's first confirmed case of the viral infection that is currently wreaking major havoc in African nations. A month after the WHO (World Health Organization) declared Monkeypox clade-1 a global public health emergency, neighbor <keyword id="19899252" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pakistan" source="keywords">Pakistan</keyword> already has 5 confirmed cases. Three weeks ago, <keyword id="19913659" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="thailand" source="keywords">Thailand</keyword> had also confirmed the first case of Monkeypox's newer variant (clade 1b) in <keyword id="19915288" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="asia" source="keywords">Asia</keyword>, which is considered far more deadly than its previous counterpart. Common symptoms of this viral infection include rashes on face, hands, feet and mouth. <keyword id="20965747" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="mpox" source="keywords">Mpox</keyword> is generally characterised by pus-filled blisters, which generally last about 2-4 weeks. Other symptoms of this infection also include fever, headache, muscle aches and swollen lymph nodes. While it is not deadly, Mpox is highly infectious and spreads on close contact. Since July 2022, India has reported 30 cases of Monkeypox. But with the outbreak of infection now looming larger than ever, here's a concise guide on navigating through your insurance, in case you or your loved ones are afflicted by Monkeypox. Note that at present, there are no separate insurance add-ons or riders for Mpox, unlike Covid-19. But since it is a viral infection, coverage for Mpox hospitalization, diagnostic tests and treatment is already present in your standard health insurance policy. But remember that hospitalization, and even recovery expenses for infectious diseases such as Mpox can be enormous, especially in private hospitals and urban centers. That is why, not only should you have an adequate insurance cover, but you should also make sure you are comprehensively covered when it comes pre and post hospitalization expenses, ICU charges, room rent etc. Since Mpox demands complete isolation of the patient, it is important to ensure that there are no limits on the room you opt for, while being hospitalised. Mahesh Yelapure, Head of Health Underwriting &amp; Health Claims, Go Digit General Insurance also cautions that you should confirm with your respective insurers, if there are any recent changes in terms, conditions of insurance policies, when it comes to Mpox treatment. Additionally, you should also be aware of any deductibles, sub-limits, or co-payment options of your policy. Deductibles is minimum amount you will have to pay before your insurer starts footing the bill for a particular disease or illness, while sub-limits refer to the maximum amount your policy will offer as coverage for a particular condition. This varies, depending on the policy and insurer, so always undertake thorough research to get yourself the best deal. <h2>Insure your travels</h2>If you are planning to travel abroad, be sure to buy a travel insurance policy ahead of your trip. Your travel insurance policy will typically includes medical coverage, which can help cover the costs of hospitalization for conditions like Mpox and other diseases. Keep the policy document handy, and also add a nominee, in case any extraordinary situation arises. If you require medical treatment for Mpox and require stay in a hospital for more than 24 hours, your policy may provide financial assistance, especially in a foreign country, where the cost of medical treatment might be super high. However, Yelapure also advises to look out for government-issued travel advisories before planning any travel. "If the government issues a travel advisory prohibiting citizens to travel to certain countries where the number of confirmed cases of Mpox is high, and one anyway decides to travel despite the issued advisory, and one contracts the disease, the claim may get rejected by the insurer", he says. As of last month, cases of Mpox Clade 1b virus have been skyrocketing in 13 countries, which include <keyword id="67854" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Congo" source="Orion">Congo</keyword>, Burundi, Kenya, South Africa, Liberia, South Africa, Cameroon, <keyword id="20027571" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="uganda" source="keywords">Uganda</keyword>, <keyword id="20218680" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rwanda" source="keywords">Rwanda</keyword> and Nigeria. In Asia, apart from Pakistan and Thailand, Mpox cases have also been reported in Singapore, Philippines and Malaysia.

Mpox outbreak: Understand what your insurance covers for Mpox treatment

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Danish monkeypox-vaccine maker Bavarian Nordic surged as much as 17% on Thursday.</li><li>The company's two-day gain extended to 31% at highs after the WHO declared mpox a public health emergency.</li></ul>Danish monkeypox-vaccine maker <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/bvnkf">Bavarian Nordic</a> surged as much as 17% on Thursday amid rising alarm over the virus.The company extended its two-day gain to 31% at intraday highs after the World Health Organization declared the virus a public health emergency of international concern, citing the rising risk that its outbreak in Africa could spread globally.<a target="_blank" href="https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/lifestyle/who-declares-monkeypox-a-global-emergency/jvln09g">Reports emphasize</a> the need for vaccinations to combat this fast-spreading disease, though supply appears to be constrained.In an <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-08-14/bavarian-nordic-says-it-can-meet-mpox-shot-demand-awaits-orders">interview with Bloomberg</a>, Bavarian Nordic CEO Paul Chaplin noted that the company will be able to meet the challenge among African nations, and pledged to provide 10 million mpox doses to the region by the end of 2025."We have inventory and we have the capabilities. What we're missing are the orders," he said Wednesday, noting that 300,000 doses are ready for shipping.During <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-how-the-us-handled-its-first-ever-monkeypox-outbreak-2022-5">2022's outbreak</a>, Bavarian Nordic was <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-17/monkeypox-vaccine-maker-no-longer-certain-it-can-meet-demand">the only company</a> approved to create a mpox vaccine. However, overwhelming demand forced it to consider outsourcing production.Momentum around the latest emergency announcement has also swept up other firms. In Japan, medical tools supplier Precision System Science rocketed as high as 39% on Wednesday.Chinese firms focused on virus detection products also gained, with Shanghai ZJ Bio-Tech rising as much as 8.4%. Others, such as Daan Gene and Assure Tech Hangzhou, beat the benchmark CSI 300 index.Even before the WHO's declaration, alarm bells have been ringing over the mpox strain that first appeared in September. According to Bloomberg, its broken out in at least six African nations, infecting 15,000.In June, a University of Rwanda lecturer <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-monkeypox-mpox-virus-global-outbreak-risk-2024-7">called it</a> "undoubtedly the most dangerous of all the known strains of mpox."

Danish monkeypox-vaccine maker surges 17% after global health emergency declared

Sydney, Aug 15 (The Conversation): The <keyword id="19896311" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="World-Health-Organization" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="World Health Organization" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</keyword> (<keyword id="19895006" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="WHO" source="keywords">WHO</keyword>) has declared <keyword id="20965747" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="mpox" source="keywords">mpox</keyword> a public health emergency of international concern, after rising cases in the <keyword id="22796094" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo" source="keywords">Democratic Republic of the Congo</keyword> and the potential for further spread. This now triggers a coordinated international response to an extraordinary event and the mobilisation of resources, such as vaccines and diagnostic testing, to curb the spread of this infectious disease. But WHO has not declared mpox a <keyword id="19913581" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pandemic" source="keywords">pandemic</keyword>. Rather, the measures it has triggered are designed to prevent it from becoming one. <h2>What triggered this latest alert?</h2> Mpox, once known as monkeypox, is a viral infection closely related to <keyword id="22362924" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="smallpox" source="keywords">smallpox</keyword>. Initial symptoms include a fever, headache, swelling of the lymph nodes and muscle ache. A typical rash follows, mainly on the face, hands and feet. The spread of mpox through certain African countries led the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention to declare earlier this week mpox a public health emergency of continental security. This is the first time the organisation has issued such an alert since it was established in 2017. The situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in central Africa has been particularly worrying for more than a year. There are two types or clades of mpox. Clade II, which originates in west Africa, is less severe. It has a fatality rate of up to 1 per cent (in other words, roughly one in 100 are expected to die from it). But clade I, from central Africa, has a fatality rate of up to 10 per cent (up to one in ten die). This compares to a 0.7 per cent fatality rate for the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is seeing large epidemics of the more deadly clade I mpox. Mpox is endemic in some parts of central and west Africa, where the virus exists in animals and can spread to humans. Outbreaks have been increasing, with more human-to-human spread, since 2017. This is partly due to very low levels of immunity to the mpox virus, which is related to the virus that causes smallpox. Mass vaccination against smallpox ceased more than 40 years ago globally, resulting in minimal immunity in populations today against mpox. The WHO designation announced this week relates to the clade I. Not only does this have a higher fatality rate, it has new mutations that enhance spread between people. These changes, and the global lack of immunity to mpox, makes the world's population vulnerable to the virus. <h2>There are two different epidemics</h2> In 2022, an epidemic of mpox swept through non-endemic countries, including beyond Africa. This was a variant of clade II originating from Nigeria, called clade IIb. This was sexually transmitted, predominantly affecting men who have sex with men, and had a low fatality rate. That epidemic peaked in 2022, with vaccines made available to people at risk in high-income countries, but there has been an uptick in 2024. At the same time, large clade I epidemics were occurring in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but with far less attention. Vaccines were not available there, even in 2023, when there were 14,626 cases and 654 deaths. Mortality was 4.5 per cent, and higher in children. In fact, most cases and deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been children. This means most transmission there is non-sexual and is likely to have occurred through close contact or respiratory aerosols. However, in 2023 an <keyword id="20877025" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="outbreak" source="keywords">outbreak</keyword> in a non-endemic part of the country, South Kivu in the east, appeared to be by sexual transmission, indicating more than one epidemic and different transmission modes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. By mid-2024, there were already more cases in the country than all of 2023 - more than 15,600 cases and 537 deaths. Testing capacity is low in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, most cases are not confirmed by lab testing, and the data we have are from a small sample of genomic sequences from the Kamituga region of South Kivu. This show mutations to the clade I virus around September 2023, to a variant termed clade Ib, which is more readily transmissible between people. We do not have much data to compare these viruses with the viruses causing cases in the rest of the country. <h2>Mpox is spreading internationally</h2> In the past month, the virus has spread to countries that share a border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo - Rwanda and Burundi. It has also spread to other east African countries, such as Kenya and Uganda. None of these countries have had mpox cases previously. In an interconnected, mobile world, cases may spread to other continents, as mpox did in 2018 from Nigeria to the United Kingdom and other countries. A few travel-related cases between 2018 and 2019 may have led to the large multi-country 2022 clade IIb epidemic. <h2>We have vaccines, but not where they are needed</h2> As the mpox virus and smallpox viruses are related (they are both orthopoxviruses), smallpox vaccines offer protection against mpox. These vaccines were used to control the 2022 clade IIb epidemic. However, most of the world has never been vaccinated, and has no immunity to mpox. The newer <keyword id="19959412" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vaccine" source="keywords">vaccine</keyword> (called Jynneos in some countries and Imvamune or Imvanex in others) is effective. However, supplies are limited, and vaccine is scarce in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. WHO's declaration of mpox as a public health emergency of international concern will help mobilise vaccines to where they are needed. The Africa Centres for Disease Control had already begun negotiations to secure 2,00,000 doses of vaccine, which is a fraction of what is required to control the epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <h2>What happens now?</h2> Ultimately, a serious epidemic anywhere in the world is a concern for all of us, as it can spread globally through travel, as we saw with the COVID pandemic. Controlling it at the source is the best measure, and WHO's latest declaration will help mobilise the required resources. Surveillance for spread of this more serious version of mpox is also essential, bearing in mind that many countries do not have the capacity for widespread testing. So we'll have to rely on "suspected cases", based on a clinical definition, to keep track of the epidemic. Open-source epidemic intelligence - such as using AI to monitor trends in rash and fever illness - can also be used as an early warning system in countries with weak health systems or delayed reporting of cases. A further complication is that 20-30 per cent of people with mpox may simultaneously have chickenpox, an unrelated infection that also causes a rash. So an initial diagnosis of chickenpox (which is easier to test for) does not rule out mpox. Effective communication and tackling push-back against public health measures and disinformation is also key. We saw how important this was during the COVID pandemic. Now, WHO will coordinate the global mpox response, focusing on equity in disease prevention and access to diagnostics and vaccines. It is up to individual countries to do their best to comply with the International Health Regulations, and the protocols for how such a global emergency are managed.

WHO has declared mpox a global health emergency. What happens next?

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A new strain of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/er-doctor-monkeypox-patients-are-getting-misdiagnosed-with-other-conditions-2022-8">monkeypox virus</a> is "the most dangerous" yet and could be a global threat, experts say.</li><li>The new clade Ib virus emerged in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and spread to Rwanda's border.</li></ul>A deadly and fast-spreading new strain of mpox, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/monkeypox-pictures-patient-shares-images-describes-intense-pain-2022-8">the disease caused by the monkeypox virus</a>, has global health officials ringing alarm bells.The new virus is "undoubtedly the most dangerous of all the known strains of mpox," John Claude Udahemuka, a lecturer at the University of Rwanda, said in a press briefing on June 25. He said the virus has caused miscarriages and blindness.An earlier, milder form of mpox — called clade IIb — circulated worldwide in 2022, ultimately <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-how-the-us-handled-its-first-ever-monkeypox-outbreak-2022-5">infecting more than 32,000 people in the US</a> and killing 58 of them. It prompted the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency, which ended last year.The new virus is called clade Ib, since it's a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/woman-hiv-had-coronavirus-216-days-virus-mutated-2021-6">mutation</a> of an even earlier form of mpox. It first appeared in a remote region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in September and has spread to towns along the Rwanda border, near Burundi and Uganda.The new clade Ib virus could cause a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bird-flu-avian-influenza-outbreak-us-h5n1-wiping-out-everything-2023-4">global outbreak</a>, experts fear, though they stopped short of warning of a pandemic."The pandemic question is difficult," Trudie Lang, director of the Global Health Network at Oxford University, said in the briefing."I think we need to be really vigilant now and move to try and contain this as quickly as possible in this region," she added. "There's definitely the opportunity for this to get on an airplane."<h2 id="ef566fbb-abea-4b10-aabf-9d64faaf238f">The new mpox strain spreads easily </h2>Mpox spreads through close contact, especially skin-to-skin contact. It can cause flu-like symptoms and a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/monkeypox-rash-pictures-when-to-get-checked-2022-5">painful or itchy rash</a> that develops into puss-filled blisters, lesions, and eventually scabs.<div type="image" title="Monkeypox palm of hands" height="459" width="700" msid="111468793" hostid="261" sizebytes="24580"></div><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/monkeypox-man-hospitalized-couldnt-swallow-spit-feared-death-symptoms-2022-7">Previous strains of the virus</a> have had limited transmission abilities. The clade I virus that's long circulated in the DRC has been mostly associated with spread through families and within households, Land said. The clade IIb virus that went global was mostly sexually transmitted and mostly affected men who have sex with men.The new clade Ib strain seems to do it all.It began spreading through sexual transmission, via the local sex work industry, according to the researchers. However, they said the new virus has also spread within households, between mothers and their children, and there have even been cases of person-to-person spread outside households and without sexual contact.That's "incredibly worrying," Lang said. That's because it has more opportunities to spread than previous strains did.The clade I form of the virus, from which the new strain has emerged, is also more deadly than clade II. According to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/about/index.html">WHO</a>, some outbreaks have killed up to 10% of sick people.<h2 id="b8b424dd-af4a-4193-a5ac-002f109faf5a">Researchers only see 'the tip of the iceberg'</h2>It's not yet clear just how deadly the new clade Ib virus is, because researchers aren't sure how many cases there are.Leandre Murhula Masirika, a research coordinator in the local DRC health department, said in the briefing that they had identified more than 600 cases so far."These are the severe cases that make it to hospital, so this will be the tip of the iceberg," Lang said.The WHO's technical lead for mpox, Rosamund Lewis, also raised the alarm last week, saying "There is a critical need to address the recent surge in mpox cases in Africa," according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-scientists-warn-mpox-strain-congo-2024-06-25/">Reuters</a>.The researchers said they need to better understand the virus to identify the right safety measures and vaccines to contain its spread."We need to first carry out studies of serology and immunology in order to see what kind of vaccination we can propose," Murhula Masirika said.He added that, in the meantime, he wants to give the smallpox vaccine to local sex workers and healthcare workers in hopes that it will confer some immunity to mpox.

Experts are racing to contain 'the most dangerous' monkeypox virus yet before it causes a global outbreak

Some 13 African countries have reported 6,883 <keyword id="13971396" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="monkeypox-cases" source="Orion">monkeypox cases</keyword> since the start of 2022, the <keyword id="9260976" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="africa-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention" source="Orion">Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</keyword> (<keyword id="12925" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="africa" source="Orion">Africa</keyword> <keyword id="6379474" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="cdc" source="Orion">CDC</keyword>) has disclosed. According to data released by the Africa CDC, 173 deaths and a case fatality ratio of 2.5 per cent have also been registered during the same period. The continental health agency noted that out of the 6,883 cases, 5,992 are suspected cases while 891 are confirmed cases, Xinhua news agency reported. The <keyword id="7616951" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="Orion">monkeypox</keyword> cases were reported from eight endemic and five non-endemic countries. The eight endemic countries are Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Liberia and Nigeria; the five non-endemic countries are Egypt, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa and Sudan, according to the Africa CDC. Following the announcement by the <keyword id="43588" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organization" source="Orion">World Health Organization</keyword> that declared monkeypox a global public health emergency of international concern in July this year, the Africa CDC has been calling on African countries to strengthen laboratory diagnostic capacities and genomic sequencing capacity for monkeypox. The continental health body also called on African states to develop and distribute both general and tailored risk communication messages for communities and vulnerable population groups. Monkeypox, first detected in laboratory monkeys in 1958, is assumed to transmit from wild animals such as rodents to people, or from human to human. It is a rare viral disease usually transmitted through body fluids, respiratory droplets and other contaminated materials. The infection usually results in fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/musk-is-now-twitter-boss-fires-indian-origin-ceo-agrawal-other-top-execs/articleshow/95134427.cms">Musk is now Twitter boss, fires Indian-origin CEO Agrawal, other top execs</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/meet-the-first-indian-first-lady-of-uk-akshata-murty/articleshow/95095250.cms">Meet the first Indian first lady of UK - Akshata Murty</a>

African countries have reported 6,883 Monkeypox cases, 173 deaths in 2022

The <keyword id="619512" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="bihar-health-department" source="Orion">Bihar Health Department</keyword> detected a suspected case of <keyword id="7616951" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="Orion">monkeypox</keyword> in Patna's Gurhatta locality on Tuesday. The victim is a woman and a team of health officials have collected her samples for testing. According to an official, the woman has all symptoms of monkeypox and is currently under home isolation. "We have taken the samples of the patient and sent them for testing. She is under home isolation now and a team is monitoring her health," he said. Previously, one case of monkeypox had been detected in <keyword id="66" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="delhi" source="Orion">Delhi</keyword> and three in <keyword id="28504" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="kerala" source="Orion">Kerala</keyword>. Therefore, the Bihar's Health Department is on high alert and has asked medical and nursing staff, ANMs (auxiliary nurses and midwifes), and Asha workers to be prepared. The nureses, midwives and Asha workers were specially asked to keep a tab on high density areas and inform the department as soon as symptoms of the disease is detected in any patient. The <keyword id="6356311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organisation" source="Orion">World Health Organisation</keyword> has declared monkeypox a global health emergency after over 16,000 cases of the infection appeared across 65 countries. Monkeypox is either transmitted from animals to humans or from human to human. The virus generally enters the human body through mouth, nose, eyes and skin lesions of an infected person. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/sensex-nifty-slide-nearly-1-pc-on-losses-in-it-banking-shares/articleshow/93138579.cms">Sensex, Nifty slide nearly 1 pc on losses in IT, banking shares</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/delhi-mumbai-bengaluru-asia-pacifics-most-expensive-property-markets-set-to-get-pricier/articleshow/93138823.cms">Delhi, Mumbai &amp; Bengaluru — Asia-Pacific’s most expensive property markets, set to get pricier</a>

Suspected case of monkeypox in Patna

Ulcer at the corner of mouth has now been documented by scientists as the first sign of infection with monkeypox virus. Recent infection with monkeypox virus can initially present with very few pronounced clinical symptoms and lacking signs of infection, and only few skin vesicles may be visible. German researchers have now presented the case of a 51-year-old HIV-positive patient, whose ulcer at the corner of his mouth occurred as the first sign of infection with monkeypox virus. According to <keyword id="15498104" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="stefan-schlabe" source="Orion">Stefan Schlabe</keyword>, University Hospital of Bonn, Department of Medicine, and colleagues, the patient presented to his general practitioner with a vesicle at the left corner of the mouth that had appeared the day before.A "He had no clinical signs of infection; his HIV infection had been well controlled for years, both virologically and immunologically, with antiretroviral therapy," said the study published in the journal <keyword id="15498103" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="deutsches-arzteblatt" source="Orion">Deutsches Arzteblatt</keyword> international. Initially, the patient's ulcer was treated with a topical combination ointment. Within a few days, he developed a painful ulcer at the left corner of his mouth and went back to his general practitioner. A swab was taken from the ulcer. "Testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed monkeypox virus. Subsequently an increase in monkeypox vesicles was noted on the skin, but also on the palate," the researchers noted. With growing swelling of the base of the tongue and muffled speech, it was decided to admit the patient to hospital for antiviral treatment with tecovirimat, they added. The monkeypox outbreak continues to be a global health emergency, which is the highest level of alert as per the <keyword id="43588" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="world-health-organization" source="Orion">World Health Organization</keyword> (WHO). There have been nearly 80,000 cases so far recorded across 106 countries, with 36 deaths. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/grey-market-premium-what-is-it-and-where-is-it-coming-from/articleshow/95454371.cms">Grey market premium – what is it and where is it coming from</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/buy-on-dips-say-analysts-as-indian-markets-bounce-back-smartly-in-october/articleshow/95454116.cms">Buy on dips, say analysts, as Indian markets bounce back smartly in October</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/infosys-hcl-tech-tcs-stocks-rally-on-cooling-us-inflation-data/articleshow/95451014.cms">Infosys, HCL Tech, TCS stocks rally on cooling US inflation data</a>

Ulcer at mouth's corner first sign of monkeypox infection, say scientists

<keyword id="7616951" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="Orion">Monkeypox</keyword> infections may not be limited among men who have sex with men, as seen currently, but may spread beyond the community, a <keyword id="43588" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organization" source="Orion">World Health Organization</keyword> (WHO) official has warned. Men who have sex with men are currently deemed at highest risk of infection. A study in the <keyword id="401051" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="new-england-journal-of-medicine" source="Orion">New England Journal of Medicine</keyword> last week, which looked at infections across 16 countries between April and June, found that 98 per cent of cases were in gay or bisexual men. According to Dr. <keyword id="9793147" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="catherine-smallwood" source="Orion">Catherine Smallwood</keyword>, senior emergency officer at the WHO, there is little evidence to suggest that the disease will remain confined to gay and bisexual communities, <keyword id="5601" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nbc" source="Orion">NBC</keyword> reported. More severe cases could become apparent if the virus spreads to more immunologically vulnerable groups like young children, pregnant women and the immunocompromised, <keyword id="300073" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="smallwood" source="Orion">Smallwood</keyword> was quoted as saying. She cautioned against complacency in the rapidly escalating monkeypox outbreak, which has so far caused more than 16,000 cases in about 75 countries and five deaths in Africa. "At the moment, cases continue to be reported among men who have sex with men for the most part, but we should not expect that to remain as such," Smallwood said. "If it does spread to other groups, particularly to people who are vulnerable to severe monkeypox disease, which we know there are certain groups that are more prone to severe illness, then we might see increased public health impact," she added. It is not uncommon for a virus outbreak to start in one particular group or setting before spreading more widely in the general population, Smallwood said, noting that health authorities could take cues from the early findings. "This really might be the canary in the mine that's alerting us to a new disease threat that could spread to other groups," she continued. While several countries have already stepped up vaccination programmes for people most at risk, the vaccines are designed primarily for treating smallpox, said Smallwood adding more information is needed to determine their efficacy as the monkeypox virus continues to spread. "We don't have full information on how effective and how efficacious these vaccines are against monkeypox," she said. The WHO has activated its highest alert level for the escalating outbreak, declaring the virus a public health emergency of international concern. This would now draw more attention to the outbreak and, as a consequence, research on vaccines and other modes of treatment, Smallwood said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/indian-company-rolls-out-rt-pcr-test-kit-for-monkeypox/articleshow/93130578.cms">Indian company rolls out RT PCR test kit for Monkeypox</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/enterprise/news/artificial-intelligence-has-the-potential-to-change-healthcare/articleshow/93130054.cms">‘Artificial intelligence has the potential to change healthcare’</a>

Monkeypox may not be limited to gay, bisexual men, can spread to others: WHO

<keyword id="6355311" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="japan" source="Orion">Japan</keyword>'s <keyword id="46535" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="health-ministry" source="Orion">health ministry</keyword> has approved the use of a smallpox vaccine believed to be effective against monkeypox. The smallpox vaccine approved by the ministry is thought to be 85 per cent effective against monkeypox, health officials said. The move came after Japan confirmed two cases of the disease in late July in men in their 30s, who had both travelled overseas, and the government announced preemptive measures to prevent the spread of the disease. As for treatment, the health ministry is looking into a medication called tecovirimat, which is an oral medication also used to treat smallpox, <keyword id="106387" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="xinhua-news-agency" source="Orion">Xinhua news agency</keyword> reported. Symptoms of the tropical disease, spread through close physical contact, are similar to those of smallpox and include fever, extensive rashes, skin lesions and swollen lymph nodes, following an incubation period of five to 21 days, health officials here said. The health ministry also said it is creating a system whereby local health authorities will be able to test for monkeypox and is urging further domestic cases of the disease to be promptly reported. Whether to provide vaccinations for medical staff, laboratory personnel and health centre workers requesting to be vaccinated will also be discussed by officials, the ministry said. The <keyword id="6356311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organisation" source="Orion">World Health Organisation</keyword> has declared monkeypox a global health emergency amid a global outbreak of the disease. As for Japan's supply of the smallpox vaccine, the ministry said it is currently sufficient. A task force to deal with the outbreak of monkeypox has been formed in Japan. It is headed by Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary for <keyword id="90429" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="crisis-management" source="Orion">Crisis Management</keyword> <keyword id="14626010" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="takashi-murata" source="Orion">Takashi Murata</keyword>. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/adani-transmission-is-now-the-12th-biggest-listed-entity-other-adani-cos-are-not-far-away/slidelist/93317527.cms">Adani Transmission is now the 12th biggest listed entity; other Adani cos are not far away</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sustainability/news/ruchira-kamboj-becomes-the-first-woman-to-take-over-as-indias-permanent-representative-to-the-un/articleshow/93316786.cms">Ruchira Kamboj Becomes the First Woman to Take Over as India's Permanent Representative to the UN</a>

Japan approves smallpox vaccine to prevent monkeypox

A 30 year-old man, who came to <keyword id="28504" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="kerala" source="Orion">Kerala</keyword> from UAE last month, has tested positive for <keyword id="7616951" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="Orion">monkeypox</keyword>, making him the fifth case of the virus from the southern state. Health Minister <keyword id="3296362" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="veena-george" source="Orion">Veena George</keyword> on Tuesday said the man had arrived at the Calicut Airport on July 27 and was undergoing treatment at a hospital in Malappuram district. His health condition is stable, she said. Those who were in close contact with him, including his parents, are being closely monitored. It is the fifth case of Monkeypox reported in the state, she said. The first case of monkeypox, a rare but potentially serious viral illness, was reported from <keyword id="6357351" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="kollam" source="Orion">Kollam</keyword> district on July 14 and the patient was discharged from the hospital last week. The second confirmed case of the infection was reported in Kannur district on July 18 and the third case was reported in neighbouring Malappuram on July 22. All of them, tested positive for the disease, had arrived in Kerala from abroad. The Kerala government, on Monday, had confirmed that the 22-year-old man, who died on July 30, tested positive for monkeypox making the fatality the first such one in the country. According to the <keyword id="6356311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organisation" source="Orion">World Health Organisation</keyword>, monkeypox is a viral zoonosis (a virus transmitted to humans from animals), with symptoms similar to those seen in the past in smallpox patients, although it is clinically less severe. With the eradication of smallpox in 1980 and subsequent cessation of smallpox vaccination, monkeypox has emerged as the most important orthopoxvirus for public health. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/entertainment/news/jai-bhim-gangubai-badhaai-do-top-noms-at-melbourne-indian-film-fest/articleshow/93294018.cms">'Jai Bhim', 'Gangubai', 'Badhaai Do' top noms at Melbourne Indian film fest</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/upgrad-acquires-noida-based-test-prep-provider-exampur/articleshow/93291933.cms">upGrad acquires Noida-based test prep provider Exampur</a>

Kerala reports its fifth case of monkeypox

Oropharyngeal swabs (OPS), nasopharyngeal swabs (<keyword id="118491" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="nps" source="Orion">NPS</keyword>) and urine samples should be considered as critical specimens for monkeypox diagnosis in cases with no active skin lesions, an <keyword id="6364396" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="icmr" source="Orion">ICMR</keyword> study said. It said the first fatal case of monkeypox in India from <keyword id="28504" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="kerala" source="Orion">Kerala</keyword> highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion to diagnose the viral disease in those presenting with atypical manifestations, exanthematous fever with epidemiological linkage from endemic or outbreak countries. The study, 'A fatal case of monkeypox virus infection from Kerala, India, 2022' has been published as pre-print on September 14 and has not been peer reviewed. So far, 11 cases of monkeypox have been reported in India -- five from Kerala and six from Delhi. A 22-year-old apparently immunocompetent male with no significant past medical history was admitted in an unconscious state to a private hospital in Kerala following a single episode of acute onset generalised tonic-clonic seizures, the study stated. The patient developed fever and headache on July 15 while in the UAE, followed by development of painful right inguinal lymphadenopathy with pus discharge, for which he had sought medical care on July 19. He was partially relieved of his symptoms and returned from the UAE to Kerala on July 21. He played football on July 23, which led to worsening of pain in right inguinal area for which he consulted a surgeon on July 25 in Kerala and was diagnosed to have hidradenitis suppurutiva. He continued to report fatigue and low-grade fever which was not associated with persistent headache, alteration of sensorium, loss of appetite or weight. On July 26, he had a fever spike followed by generalised tonic clonic seizure. Serological tests for HIV, <keyword id="65371" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="hepatitis-b" source="Orion">Hepatitis B</keyword>, Hepatitis C and syphilis were negative. At presentation, he had neutrophilic leucocytosis with normal hepatic and renal function. Over the next 48 hours he developed coagulopathy and acute kidney injury, the study said. On July 28, the patient developed features of worsening cerebral edema and was intubated and mechanically ventilated. Despite anti-cerebral edema measures, he progressed to brainstem dysfunction and succumbed on July 30. Just before his death, his relatives obtained a test result from the UAE, which showed that he had tested positive for <keyword id="14203806" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="mpxv" source="Orion">MPXV</keyword> in the UAE on July 19, the study stated. "This is the first fatal case of monkeypox reported from India. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion to diagnose MPXV in those presenting with atypical manifestations, exanthematous fever with epidemiological linkage from monkeypox endemic or outbreak countries. "The OPS/NPS specimen as well as possibly urine specimens should be considered as the critical specimens for MPXV diagnosis in cases with no active skin lesions. In conclusion, the overall findings of the case and the history confirm the case to be monkeypox," the study stated. A total of 15 fatalities have been reported globally from endemic and non-endemic countries in 2022, it said. The current outbreak of monkeypox had been largely limited to the community of men who have intercourse with men primarily with multiple bisexual or homosexual partners, the study stated. The vast majority of the cases infected with monkeypox had recovered and the complications like sepsis and encephalitis had been reported in the immunocompromised individuals. The mortality in Brazil and Mexico were primarily in the immunocompromised individuals, while in Spain the fatal cases were immunocompetent with no underlying conditions. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/self-employed-males-earn-2-5-times-more-than-females-oxfam/articleshow/94218585.cms">Self-employed males earn 2.5 times more than females: Oxfam</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/delhi-is-looking-to-roll-over-70-lakh-unsold-liquor-bottles-to-the-current-excise-regime/articleshow/94218430.cms">Delhi is looking to roll over 70 lakh unsold liquor bottles to the current excise regime</a>

Oral, nasal, urine samples necessary for monkeypox diagnosis: ICMR

The condition of a young woman of African origin, who is the sixth reported case of <keyword id="7616951" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="monkeypox" source="Orion">monkeypox</keyword> in Delhi, is stable, sources said. The patient is admitted to the <keyword id="6394484" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="lnjp-hospital" source="Orion">LNJP Hospital</keyword> here. "A total of six cases of monkeypox have been reported in Delhi so far. The latest is a young woman of African origin. Her condition is stable at present," a source said. The six cases comprise three men and three women. "The early five cases have been treated and discharged," a senior doctor said. Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease having common symptoms such as fever, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, headache, muscle aches, exhaustion, chills or sweats and sore throat and cough. According to a study done recently by the Lok Nayak Jai Prakash Narayan Hospital (LNJP) and the <keyword id="6364555" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-council-of-medical-research" source="Orion">Indian Council of Medical Research</keyword> (<keyword id="6364396" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="icmr" source="Orion">ICMR</keyword>), all the first five cases had presented with "mild to moderate grade intermittent fever, myalgia (muscle pain) and lesions on the genitals, groins, lower limb, trunk and upper limb". Four cases had non-tender firm lymphadenopathy (swelling of lymph nodes). No secondary complications or sexually transmitted infections were recorded in these cases except for Hepatitis B in one case, it had said. In Delhi, the first case of monkeypox was reported on July 24. Delhi government-run LNJP Hospital has been made the nodal facility to treat patients with this viral infection. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/exams-results-major-cause-of-anxiety-among-school-students-ncert-survey/articleshow/94041766.cms">Exams, results major cause of anxiety among school students: NCERT survey</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/tamilnad-mercantile-bank-ipo-is-subscribed-1-53-on-day-2-grey-market-premiums-fall/articleshow/94032064.cms">Tamilnad Mercantile Bank IPO is subscribed 1.53% on day 2, grey market premiums fall</a>

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