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<br /><ul><li><keyword id="1961443" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="mission-mangal">Mission Mangal</keyword> is an upcoming Bollywood movie based on India’s mission to Mars — Mangalyaan.</li><li>The film is being celebrated for having a female centric cast but that actual mission was not dominated by female scientists.</li><li>The movie’s message is also coming off a little skewed with <keyword id="2823" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Akshay-Kumar">Akshay Kumar</keyword> getting more space on the posters and the movie’s teaser highlighting makeup, <em>sindoor </em>and <em>mangalsutras.</em></li></ul><em>Mission Mangal</em>, an upcoming Bollywood movie based on India’s mission to Mars, is attempting to showcase Mangalyaan as accurately as possible — including the people who were a part of the mission. <br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="66816772_10156986660608283_8557114509213302784_n_edited" msid="70553174" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Cast of &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Mission Mangal&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



<br />The movie starring Akshay Kumar as the lead has a predominantly female star cast including <keyword id="3844" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vidya-Balan">Vidya Balan</keyword>, Sonakshi Sinha, Taapsee Pannu, Kirti Kulhari and Nithya Menon is set to release on August 15 — India's Independance Day and the the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) 50th anniversary.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/akshay-kumars-mission-mangal-could-miss-facts-about-mangalyaan/articleshow/70498232.cms"><em>Mission Mangal</em></a> is poised to showcase the role that women had to play in the mission’s success.<br /><br /><strong>Only a cloak of feminism<br /></strong><br />While it’s true that women had a lot of key contributions to Mangalyaan, the mission wasn’t as dominated by women as <em>Mission Mangal’s</em> trailer would have you believe. At the time of the launch, the <a href="https://www.firstpost.com/india/isro-scientists-who-made-mangalyaan-possible-all-you-need-to-know-about-them-1727791.html">control room</a> had as many as 14 senior male scientists present and only 3 female scientists.<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="isro-women-scientists-celebrate-mission-mangal" tempid="143684" msid="70553372" hostid="261"></div>

<br />The photo of women celebrating the Mangalyaan launch that’s recently been making the rounds is of the administrative staff, as <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-38253471">clarified by ISRO</a>, and not of female scientists at the helm of the mission. <br /><br />Only 27% of the key executive positions in the mission to Mars were held by female scientists while <em>Mission Mangal’s </em>trailer only shows one senior male scientist on a team dominated by women.<br /><br />Some people are <a href="https://www.shethepeople.tv/blog/film-mission-mangal-poster-vidya-balan">calling out</a> Kumar for using feminism as a ploy to sell more tickets to his movies rather than actually tell the story for what it was.<br /><br /><strong><em>Mission Mangal </em>belongs to the ladies</strong><br /><br />When the movie’s poster was launched it faced some criticism for giving Kumar a bigger display and then female actors. <br /><br />
	<div type="twitter" handle="janiceseq85" handlename="Janice Sequeira" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1124213290421215232/sG31bAcN_normal.jpg" favoritecount="1416" retweetcount="356" status="There are 5 leading ladies on this poster.  And one Akshay Kumar.  Guess whose face got the most mileage?… https://t.co/1jQeokV3Sx" createdat="1562244220000" id="1146761493544951808"></div>



<br />Rebuffing any misconceptions, Kumar told <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/akshay-kumar-mission-mangal-belongs-to-its-female-actors/articleshow/70288960.cms">TOI</a>, “This film belongs to these ladies and it will always belong to them.”<br /><br />But, soon after, the actor stirred another controversy tweeted a poem dedicated to women scientists that spoke mostly of makeup, bracelets and their hair touching the sky.<br /><br />
	<div type="twitter" handle="akshaykumar" handlename="Akshay Kumar" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1085067824840822785/ychTUtB8_normal.jpg" favoritecount="20404" retweetcount="2318" status="Jitna uncha ho asmaan, yeh sindoor utni door tak jaayega! Here’s celebrating the women of India who make dreams com… https://t.co/ybh72HrIcO" createdat="1564642762000" id="1156821708667441155"></div>



<br />The teaser in the tweet highlights women being ‘determined’, ‘fearless’ and ‘inspiring’ but speaks of attributes that define Hindu married woman like <em>sindoor </em>and <em>mangalsutra.</em><br /><br />Twitter users have pointed out that it’s all too common to see Bollywood — even Hollywood for that matter — using feminism as nothing more than a marketing tool to inadvertently serve the patriarchal interests of the film industry.<br /><br />But others states that the problem could lie with the audience that needs to be sold a movie that has a strong male lead because of fears that an entirely female led cast might bomb at the box office.<br /><br /><strong>See also:<br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/akshay-kumars-mission-mangal-could-miss-facts-about-mangalyaan/articleshow/70498232.cms">The truth of ISRO's Mangalyaan which Akshay Kumar's Mission Mangal could miss</a><br />

Mangalyaan was not as female centric as Mission Mangal would have you believe

<ul><li><strong>The movie based on India’s space mission to Mars was made at a budget of ₹xx crore<br /></strong></li><li><strong>Akshay Kumar's Mission Mangal crossed ₹29 crore within 24 hours of release<br /></strong></li><li><strong>It is the highest collection among all the Akshay Kumar's films. <br /></strong></li><li><strong>Mission Mangal is based on the all-women team that led India's mission to Mars. <br /></strong></li></ul>Akshay Kumar-starrer Mission Mangal crossed ₹29 crore within 24 hours of release-- that’s over 20% of the movie’s total budget of ₹140 crore. <br /><br />The movie, based on India’s space mission to Mars, has been released on a long weekend-- owing to the holiday on August 15 for Independence Day-- and that is expected to boost collections. Mission Mangal’s show witnessed an overall occupancy of 50-55% across India, <a href="https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/trends/mission-manga-l-box-office-collection-day-1-vidya-balan-akshay-kumar-movie-fabulous-start/story/372950.html">reported</a> Business Today. <br /><br />It is the highest collection among all the Akshay Kumar's films, <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/mission-mangal-vs-batla-house-box-office-day-1-akshay-kumar-s-highest-opener-mints-rs-27-cr-john-abraham-film-strong-at-rs-13-cr/story-CPZmNUipIJa2MisBbXVjyI.html">reported </a>Hindustan Times. Before this, <a href="https://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=5311">Kumar's Gold collected nearly</a> ₹23.67 crore nett on its first day. <br />
	
	
	
	<div type="twitter" handle="taran_adarsh" handlename="taran adarsh" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1440352704/profile_pic_taran_normal.jpg" favoritecount="5078" retweetcount="724" status="Akshay Kumar and #IndependenceDay releases... Day 1 biz... ⭐ 2016: #Rustom ₹ 14.11 cr [Fri; working day] ⭐ 2017:… https://t.co/U5ROPNiXl9" createdat="1565933160000" id="1162234030391099394"></div>









<br />The movie starring Akshay Kumar as the lead has a predominantly female star cast including <keyword id="3844" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vidya-Balan">Vidya Balan</keyword>, Sonakshi Sinha, Taapsee Pannu, Kirti Kulhari and Nithya Menon released on the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) 50th anniversary.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/akshay-kumars-mission-mangal-could-miss-facts-about-mangalyaan/articleshow/70498232.cms">Mission Mangal</a> has showcased the role that women had to play in the mission’s success.<br /><br />However, while it’s true that women had a lot of key contributions to Mangalyaan, the mission wasn’t as dominated by women as Mission Mangal’s trailer would have you believe. At the time of the launch, the <a href="https://www.firstpost.com/india/isro-scientists-who-made-mangalyaan-possible-all-you-need-to-know-about-them-1727791.html">control room</a> had as many as 14 senior male scientists present and only 3 female scientists.<br /><br /><strong>Movie review</strong><br /><br />However, the movie has opened with some great reviews. According to<a href="https://twitter.com/taran_adarsh/status/1161962730607300609"> the film critic Taran Adarsh,</a> Mission Mangal is ‘one of the best films of 2019’. Devansh Sharma from the First Post <a href="https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/mission-mangal-review-india-should-be-proud-of-this-riveting-and-inspiring-film-just-like-it-is-of-mangalyaan-7166291.html">writes,</a> India should be proud of this inspiring film<br /><br />John Abraham starrer Batla House that was released alongside Mission Mangal also witnessed a good opening at the box office with ₹13-15 crore. <br /><br />See also: <br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/akshay-kumar-starrer-mission-mangal-is-using-feminism-to-sell-tickets/articleshow/70553147.cms">Mangalyaan was not as female centric as Mission Mangal would have you believ</a>e<br />

Akshay Kumar-starrer Mission Mangal has covered a fifth of its budget on the first day — and it has 3 more days in the opening weekend

<br /><ul><li><keyword id="7940647" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="mission-mangalyaan">Mission Mangalyaan</keyword> is commended for being the cheapest ever <keyword id="452868" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-to-Mars">mission to Mars</keyword>, which was successful on a budget of ₹4.5 billion. <br /></li><li>Its cost was less than the budget of the upcoming movie based on the event, <keyword id="1961443" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="mission-mangal">Mission Mangal</keyword> which was produced for ₹5 billion. <br /></li><li>But its limited budget meant that it was only a technology demonstration mission for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) rather than one focused on collecting scientific data.<br /></li></ul>The upcoming Bollywood movie, <em>Mission Mangal</em>, set to release on August 15th celebrates India's successful maiden mission to Mars — Mangalyaan. An ensemble cast consisting of <keyword id="2823" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Akshay-Kumar">Akshay Kumar</keyword>, Vidya Balan and Sharman Joshi all star in a movie that showcases India's space mission. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="66816772_10156986660608283_8557114509213302784_n_edited" msid="70498336" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Cast of &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Mission Mangal &amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />Mission Mangalyaan, or the Mars Orbiter Mission (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/India-Is-Pioneering-The-Low-Cost-Mission-To-Mars/articleshow/25239899.cms">MOM</a>), is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/Mangalyaan-Makes-Its-Way-To-Times-Best-Inventions-of-2014-List/articleshow/45260385.cms">lauded</a> for being the cheapest ever mission to Mars which a budget of ₹4.5 billion (₹450 crore). <br /><br />It's also how India came to be the fourth country to land on Mars and the first one to do it successfully on its first attempt. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="mars1_edited" msid="70498480" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan captures its first image of Mars taken from a height of 7300 km&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />Ironically <em>Mission Mangal</em>'s <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/akshay-kumar-on-mission-mangal-my-film-2-0-had-a-budget-of-500-crore-india-s-mars-mission-cost-less-than-that/story-bQBoxtyvC1ewHgJXNRhYFN.html">budget</a> is more than that of the actual Mars mission at ₹5 billion (₹500 crore), according to Kumar. <br /><br />But unlike the movie, the story of Mangalyaan doesn't quite end happily ever after.<br /><br /><strong>Defying the odds<br /></strong><br /><em>Mission Mangal</em>'s trailer shows that the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) had proposed a budget ₹8 billion (₹ 800 crore) to launch Mangalyaan but were only allotted a little more than half that amount for the project.<br /><br /><div type="image" title="mom_edited" msid="70498449" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;First image of the Earth by MCC of Mars Orbiter Spacecraft taken on Nov 19, 2013&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />Innovation and <em>jugaad </em>(cheap quick fix solutions to problems) did help turn the mission. This is in spite of the fact that its ‘chances of success were less than 1%'.<br /><br />And, while <em>Mission Mangal</em> seems to highlight the obstacles that India had to overcome in order to launch Mangalyaan — it could fail to illustrate the fact that it came at a cost.<br /><br /><strong>Cost of science<br /></strong><br />In the movie, the project team worries about getting the payloads aboard the rocket. In typical movie fashion, the narrative seems to be skewed towards how they finally managed to ‘fix' it. <br /><br />In reality, ISRO had to drastically cut down on the instruments it had planned to send to Mars because it lacked a rocket with the requisite capacity. <br /><br />Technology like the ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-most-powerful-launcher-will-carry-chandrayaan-2-on-moon-mission/articleshow/70202043.cms">Bahubali</a>' GSLV-Mark III heavy launch vehicle which recently launched the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/heres-why-chandrayaan-2-is-landmark-moon-mission-for-india/articleshow/69842571.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a> mission into space wasn't available back in 2013. Instead, India used its lighter PSLV XL launch vehicle — originally built for the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-were-the-challenges-with-chandrayaan-1/articleshow/70202192.cms">Chandrayaan 1</a> and the largest available rocket at the time — to reach Mars. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="pslv-c25-23 (1)_edited" msid="70498392" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan&amp;#39;s PSLV XL C25 rocket taking off in 2013&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />A smaller rocket also meant that it could only carry so much weight. Mangalyaan's payload was only 15 kilograms and it could only take five payloads along. <br /><br />And since ISRO only had 18 months to pull the mission together, the instruments were relatively simple, and could only send back to the most basic of information. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="mars06_edited" msid="70498540" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan&amp;#39;s spacecraft undergoing EMI/EMC test at ISITE ISAC Bangalore&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />To put it in perspective, US' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had five years to work on Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (<keyword id="443648" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="MAVEN">MAVEN</keyword>) — which launched a mere 13 days after MOM. It had a capacity of 65 kilograms, carried eight payloads and cost a total of $671 million. And so, its contribution towards scientific advancement and the understanding of Mars was also much higher.<br /><br />Mangalyaan, on the other hand, the aim was just to get there. ISRO, in the past, stated that Mangalyaan was merely a technology demonstration mission to show India's capabilities in outer space technology. In that sense, it could be termed successful, yet its contribution to understanding the elusive planet, is quite less. <br /><br /><strong>See also: <br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-low-cost-chandrayaan-and-mars-missions-come-at-a-price/articleshow/70226652.cms">India's low cost space missions come at a price</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-commercial-operations-clock-in-over-60-billion-in-revenue-but-leaves-private-players-out-of-the-equation/articleshow/70375311.cms">ISRO's commercial operations clock in over ₹60 billion in revenue but leaves private players out of the equation</a><br />

The truth of ISRO's Mangalyaan which Akshay Kumar's Mission Mangal could miss

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</span></p><p class="caption">Bill Gates held up a beaker of human feces at the reinvented toilet expo in Beijing on November 6, 2018 to prove a point: unsanitary conditions are dangerous for our health.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li>Worm toilets require no traditional flushing and aren't hooked up to a sewer system - instead, worms compost human waste.</li><li>More than 4,000 such "Tiger Toilets" have been installed to date across India, in homes of people who were previously defecating in the open.</li><li>The worm toilets smell a lot better than a pit latrine, and don't breed mosquitoes either.</li><li>Here's how a $350 toilet powered by worms could <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/bill-gates" target="_blank" rel="noopener">change the world</a> and save lives. </li></ul><p>Worms may not have spines, but they're doing some back-breaking sewer work in more than 4,000 toilets across India. </p><p>Since 2015, a creative new type of toilet called the Tiger Toilet has been popping up outside homes and schools around the country. From the outside, this toilet looks like any other pit latrine. But it doesn't smell like one. Instead, it comes with a built-in population of tiger worms. </p><p>"Their natural breeding, natural habitat is in cow dung heaps, or horse sh*t heaps, that kind of thing," Ajeet Oak, director of the Tiger Toilet company, told Business Insider. "Poop. That's where they like to live."</p><p>The toilets involve no traditional flushing and aren't hooked up to a sewer system. Instead, the worms are contained in a container below the toilet, and they feast on feces. The creatures' activity leaves behind a mix of water, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of wormy compost (that's technically the worms' poo, though it's much less toxic and more nutrient-rich than ours).</p><p>The resulting water isn't clean enough to drink, but it "can go into the ground and it sort of gets filtered naturally from there on," Oak said. No wastewater treatment plant needed. </p><p>To get the worm system to market, <a href="http://www.primoveindia.com/Tiger%20Toilet%20Broucher.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</a> awarded at least <a href="https://docs.gatesfoundation.org/Documents/wsh-strategy-overview.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$4.8 million</a> in grant money to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine <a href="http://www.primoveindia.com/Tiger%20Toilet%20Broucher.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">to perfect the technology</a>. Tiger Toilets also received <a href="https://www.usaid.gov/div/portfolio/bvv-tiger" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$170,000 for initial testing in India, Myanmar and Uganda from USAID</a>. Now, after years of development and field testing around the world, the technology is finally reaching people who need it most.</p><p>"These are people who are getting toilets for the first time," Oak said, adding that before getting a Tiger Toilet, "they would go out in the field." </p><p>Bill Gates <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-wants-world-to-move-past-flush-toilets-2018-11" target="_blank" rel="noopener">recently told a crowd in Beijing</a> that he's ready to spend an additional $200 million developing technology for next-generation toilets like these that can operate without mainframe sewer systems. </p><p>"We estimate that by 2030, the opportunity here is over $6 billion a year," Gates said.</p><p><strong>Read More</strong>: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-wants-world-to-move-past-flush-toilets-2018-11" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Bill Gates is so obsessed with redesigning the world's toilets, he brought a jar of poop onstage in Beijing to prove it</em></a></p><h2>How worms clean excrement</h2><p><span>Tiger worms, or Eisenia fetida if you prefer the scientific term, are animals that love to eat waste. This makes them a perfect composting solution, and they especially love what falls into their Tiger Toilet compartment. </span></p><p><span>"These worms, they won't escape on their own, because they won't survive in just soil," Oak said. They need our human waste to live.</span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Courtesy of Bear Valley Ventures</span></p><p class="caption">These worms love eating human waste. The byproduct they create is mostly just water.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The Tiger Toilet system <span>costs about $350 USD to install and </span>requires no connection to drainage pipes or a mainline sewer.</p><p>Once a person does their business in the toilet, they send their waste down into the worm-filled compartment below using a pour-flush system, usually with a little bucket of water. (There are no handles or automatic flushing devices in the Tiger Toilet.)</p><p>The toilet's cleaning stats are <a href="https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-abstract/4/2/231/30367/Processing-of-human-faeces-by-wet-vermifiltration?redirectedFrom=fulltext" target="_blank" rel="noopener">impressive</a>: they <a href="http://www.primoveindia.com/Tiger%20Toilet%20Broucher.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">process feces, remove 99% of the pathogens, and leave behind no more than 15% of the waste</a> by weight, in the form of compost material. The rest becomes water (around 60-70%) and carbon dioxide. That's better performance than a septic tank.</p><p>Plus, the leftover byproduct makes for "excellent fertilizer," Oak said, because its mix of nitrogen, phosphorous, carbon, and potassium is good for growing plants. </p><p>Tiger Toilets (and Tiger worm-powered treatment plants, like the one pictured below) also don't breed mosquitoes or attract other flying menaces.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Tiger Toilets</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>"Users find the toilets preferable to traditional latrines," <a href="https://www.usaid.gov/global-waters/march-2015/thinking-outside-latrine" target="_blank" rel="noopener">USAID wrote of the toilets</a> during field testing in 2015. "Because the worms break down the solid waste, the toilets emit fewer odors and attract fewer flies than traditional latrines."</p><p>The earliest editions of <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278035736_The_Tiger_Toilet_From_Concept_to_Reality" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tiger Toilets</a> are now more than five years old and their worm compartments haven't needed any maintenance yet - the slimy creatures are still chomping away. Eventually, after about eight to 10 years, the company expects some toilet maintenance to be required. At that point, the worm bin, which isn't visible to toilet users, must be emptied.</p><p>It's not a terrible job - "you don't have to handle sludge," Oak said. </p><p>Simply remove the lid of the toilet, exposing the top layer of worm castings - their leftovers from years of hard work. Then shovel it out and use it in a garden as fertilizer. Then the worm population will be ready to work again. </p><h2>Why people need worm toilets</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Rohit Joshi</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>The tiny worms that make their home in filth are performing a lifesaving task for humans. </span></p><p>Across the developing world, people without a safe place to go to the bathroom can die because of unsanitary conditions. <span>Diarrhea kills 525,000 children under five annually around the world "as a result of poor hygiene," according to the </span><a href="http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease">World Health Organization</a><span>. </span></p><p><span>Improper hygiene also causes the global economy to miss out on an <a href="https://www.lixil.com/en/makeasplash/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">estimated $223 billion USD</a> per year.</span></p><p><span>Additionally, open defecation can be a dangerous situation for women. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5100257/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A 2016 study in India</a> found that women who defecate in the open are twice as likely to be sexually assaulted by a stranger as those who have a toilet in their house. </span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Gouri Thakar</span></p><p class="caption">Mangal Shirke who lives in the village of Adachiwadi celebrates outside her first at-home toilet.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>In India, millions of people relieve themselves outdoors on a daily basis - 40% of the country's population, according to the <a href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.ODFC.ZS?locations=IN" target="_blank" rel="noopener">World Bank's estimate</a> from 2015. </span></p><p><span><a href="http://sbm.gov.in/sbmReport/home.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The country has set a</a> "Swachh Bharat Mission" goal of becoming open-defecation free this year, but it's unlikely to be fully successful, since e</span>ven people who can access a toilet don't always use it. A <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2018 survey</a> of more than 9,800 people and 150 local government officials across India found that one in four people in rural northern provinces have access to latrines but don't use them. </p><p>Some people choose to relieve themselves in the open for compelling reasons. An Indian woman identified only as "Veer" told Meenakshi Dalal, a program and communications specialist with USAID/India, that men block the way to her community toilet, taunting and harassing women.</p><p>"They dress up as women, they get in line with us, they might touch us," <a href="https://medium.com/usaid-global-waters/open-defecation-vs-community-toilets-a-complicated-choice-a5cfe84dcd4d?fbclid=IwAR16gd7yzeUwFUIl_hisJi6fGlYsXlAqqkdZSZZosF5I5fR1rH2ADflSpW8">Dalal recalled Veer telling her</a>. "Every few days someone is raped. On one side of the toilet is where we live and on the other side it's jungle. They can pull us there."</p><p>Tiger toilets is testing out some options for crowded slums like Veer's - a kind of downsized, city-friendly version of the worm toilet - but they're not ready yet.</p><p>"The challenge is to have something for a family which can be put in a very small house," Oak said. "We're calling it the Urban Tiger Toilet." </p><p><span>India's government has also started offering cash incentives to people who install toilets in their homes, which makes a Tiger Toilet even more affordable for families who are getting their first toilet. </span></p><h2>Bringing worm toilets to the world</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Rohit Patankar</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Lixil Group, the parent company that owns toilet-industry giants American Standard and Grohe, is also interested in Tiger Toilets. The company recently signed a letter of intent to bring Tiger Toilets to scale.</p><p>"Eventually we want to have something that's really sleek and you can place anywhere," <span> </span>Daigo <span>Ishiyama, </span>Lixil's  <span>marketing and technology director,</span><span> told Business Insider.</span></p><p><span>But he said that will take some time: </span><span>"We're dealing with living creatures - you know, worms."</span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Rahul Aluri</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>Still, this kind of game-changing new invention - a toilet that requires no traditional sewer system - is an exciting prospect for Gates. He has even compared it to the invention of the personal computer. </span></p><p><span>"A whole new product category is being introduced here," he said.</span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/waterless-toilet-future-backed-bill-gates-foundation-2017-5">Bill Gates is backing the waterless toilet of the future - here's how it works</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

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