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Age-related hearing loss is connected to a decline in cholesterol in the inner ear, according to a new study.<br /><br />The research was led by Mara Eugenia Gomez-Casati from the Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, <keyword id="18555796" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="mauricio-martin" source="Orion">Mauricio Martin</keyword> from the Institute of Medical Research Mercedes, and <keyword id="18555797" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="martin-ferreyra" source="Orion">Martin Ferreyra</keyword> from the <keyword id="18555799" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="national-university-of-cordoba" source="Orion">National University of Cordoba</keyword> in Argentina.<br /><br />Experiments published in the open-access journal <keyword id="920583" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="plos-biology" source="Orion">PLOS Biology</keyword> reveal that phytosterol supplements can act in place of missing cholesterol and prevent sensory impairment in mice.<br /><br />Outer hair cells (OHCs), a type of sensory cell in the inner ear, lengthen sound waves to increase their volume. Age-related hearing loss is caused by the decrease of these cells' capacity to stretch in response to sound as we get older. This prevents sound amplification.<br /><br />Researchers made the hypothesis that hearing loss might be connected to a loss of cholesterol in OHCs since cholesterol is a crucial component of the stretch response and because brain cholesterol has recently been demonstrated to decline with ageing. On mice, this theory was tested.<br /><br />First, the researchers measured the amount of CYP46A1 in inner ear OHCs because this enzyme helps break down and recycle cholesterol. As expected, they found more CYP46A1 in the inner ears of older mice than in younger mice, and consequently less cholesterol.<br /><br />Next, they showed cause and effect by inducing hearing <keyword id="18555798" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="l-outer" source="Orion">l Outer</keyword> hair cells (OHCs), a type of sensory cell in the inner ear, lengthen sound waves to increase their volume.<br /><br />Age-related hearing loss is caused by the decrease of these cells' capacity to stretch in response to sound as we get older. This prevents sound amplification.oss in young mice, as indicated by abnormal inner ear-cell output, by over-activating CYP46A1 with a drug. Finally, they tested whether increasing cholesterol in the brain could counter the drug.<br /><br />Since cholesterol itself cannot actually enter the brain from the blood, the researchers used plant-based cholesterol-like compounds called phytosterols which can. The young mice who got both the CYP46A1-activating drug and 3 weeks of dietary phytosterols displayed improved OHC function.<br /><br />As phytosterols can be found in many over-the-counter supplements, they could be a convenient way to combat age-related hearing loss. However, directly testing their effects on hearing loss in older mouse models as well as in humans will be necessary before more definite conclusions can be made.<br /><br />The authors add, "In the present work we show that: 1) aging triggers cholesterol loss from sensory cells of the inner ear, 2) a retroviral treatment widely employed for HIV/AIDS patients reproduces the cholesterol loss observed in aged individuals and leads to impaired outer hair cells' function and 3) we found that these defects can be partly reversed by phytosterols supplementation. Our findings are very promising because they provide the first proof-of-principle supporting phytosterols supplementation as a possible approach for prevention or treatment of hearing loss." (ANI)<br /><br /><b>SEE ALSO:</b><br /><br /> <b><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/jio-may-soon-launch-jio-airfiber-a-fixed-wireless-access-device-to-take-on-airtels-xstream-airfiber/articleshow/102948905.cms">Jio may soon launch a fixed wireless access device to take on Airtel's Xstream AirFiber</a></b><br /><br /> <b><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/explained-how-ai-is-being-used-to-for-scams-and-what-you-can-do-to-protect-yourself/articleshow/102937587.cms">Explained: How AI is being used for scams and what you can do to protect yourself</a></b><br /><br /> <b><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/personal-finance/news/how-to-find-unclaimed-bank-deposits-using-udgam-portal/articleshow/102830161.cms">Have unclaimed bank deposits? Here’s how to find it using UDGAM portal</a></b><br />

Reduction in cholesterol linked to age-related hearing loss: Study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Celebrities performed Latin dances on Tuesday's "Dancing With the Stars."</li><li>There was a tie at the top of the leaderboard between <strong>Xochitl Gomez and Jason Mraz.</strong></li></ul><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/britney-spears-jamie-lynn-spears-apparent-feud-timeline-2021-7">Jamie Lynn Spears'</a> elimination shocked the judges on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/dancing-with-the-stars-pros-most-wins-then-and-now">"Dancing With the Stars"</a> season 32's Latin Night, which aired Tuesday. But before she said goodbye, Spears danced a cha cha that earned her a higher score than last week.</p><p>Meanwhile, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/charity-lawson-bachelorette-season-20-hair-makeup-artists-2023-6">"Bachelorette" star Charity Lawson</a> still dazzled the judges with her interim partner Ezra Sosa after her usual pro partner Artem Chigvintsev got COVID.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/how-i-met-your-mother-cast-then-and-now-photos">Alyson Hannigan </a>danced a fierce redemptive tango to a Shakira song, and fan votes carried Mauricio Umansky through to next week after he forgot some steps in his salsa with Emma Slater.</p><p>Here's a recap of the Latin Night leaderboard.</p><h2><strong>Safe: Mauricio Umansky and Emma Slater</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Emma Slater and Mauricio Umansky dancing salsa." height="1800" width="2400" msid="104166471" hostid="261" sizebytes="405406"></div><p>Umansky and Slater danced the salsa to "Quimbara" by Celia Cruz, Willie Cólon, Johnny Pacheco, and Su Charanga.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>12/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Harry Jowsey and Rylee Arnold</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Rylee Arnold and Harry Jowsey dancing salsa." height="1800" width="2400" msid="104166473" hostid="261" sizebytes="362764"></div><p>Jowsey and Arnold danced a salsa to "Arranca" by Becky G. featuring Omega.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>15/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Adrian Peterson and Britt Stewart</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Adrian Peterson and Britt Stewart dancing samba." height="1800" width="2400" msid="104166475" hostid="261" sizebytes="505788"></div><p>Peterson and Stewart danced the samba to "Taki Taki" by DJ Snake featuring Selena Gomez, Ozuna, and Cardi B.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>15/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Barry Williams and Peta Murgatroyd</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Barry Williams and Peta Murgatroyd dancing cha cha." height="2000" width="2667" msid="104166476" hostid="261" sizebytes="321316"></div><p>Williams and Murgatroyd danced the cha cha to the classic Latin hit "Oye Como Va" by Tito Puente.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>15/30</p><h2><strong>Eliminated: Jamie Lynn Spears and Alan Bersten</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Jamie Lynn Spears and Alan Bersten dancing cha cha." height="1500" width="2000" msid="104166477" hostid="261" sizebytes="345428"></div><p>Spears and Bersten danced a cha cha to Pitbull &amp; Sean Paul's version of "Shake Senora."</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>16/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Mira Sorvino and Gleb Savchenko</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Mira Sorvino and Gleb Savchenko dancing salsa." height="1500" width="2000" msid="104166479" hostid="261" sizebytes="500322"></div><p>Sorvino and Savchenko danced a salsa to "Bailando" by Enrique Iglesias.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>18/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Tyson Beckford and Jenna Johnson</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Tyson Beckford and Jenna Johnson dancing salsa." height="1800" width="2400" msid="104166480" hostid="261" sizebytes="283366"></div><p>Beckford and Johnson danced a salsa to "Aguanile" by Willie Colón &amp; Héctor Lavoe.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>18/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Alyson Hannigan and Sasha Farber</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Alyson Hannigan and Sasha Farber danced a tango." height="1500" width="2000" msid="104166481" hostid="261" sizebytes="280452"></div><p>Hannigan and Farber danced a tango to "Can't Remember to Forget You" by Shakira featuring Rihanna.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>19/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Ariana Madix and Pasha Pashkov</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Ariana Madix dancing samba." height="1500" width="2000" msid="104166482" hostid="261" sizebytes="492804"></div><p>Madix and Pashkov danced a samba to "Me Porto Bonito" by Bad Bunny and Chencho Corleone.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>20/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Charity Lawson and Ezra Sosa</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Charity Lawson and Ezra Sosa dancing cha cha." height="2250" width="3000" msid="104166483" hostid="261" sizebytes="375990"></div><p>Lawson and Sosa danced a cha cha to Ricky Martin's classic 2000s song "She Bangs."</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>21/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Lele Pons and Brandon Armstrong</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Brandon Armstrong and Lele Pons dancing samba." height="2250" width="3000" msid="104166484" hostid="261" sizebytes="304096"></div><p>Pons &amp; Armstrong danced the samba to Daddy Yankee's hit "Gasolina."</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>21/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Jason Mraz and Daniella Karagach</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Jason Mraz and Daniella Karagach dancing rumba." height="1800" width="2400" msid="104166485" hostid="261" sizebytes="286518"></div><p>Mraz and Karagach danced the rumba to Andrea Bocelli's cover of "Quizás, quizás, quizás" featuring Jennifer Lopez.</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>24/30</p><h2><strong>Safe: Xochitl Gomez and Val Chmerkovskiy</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Xochitl Gomez and Val Chmerkovskiy dancing salsa." height="2250" width="3000" msid="104166487" hostid="261" sizebytes="619902"></div><p>Gomez and Chmerkovskiy danced a salsa to the Camila Cabello song "Don't Go Yet."</p><p><strong>Score: </strong>24/30</p>

Every 'Dancing With the Stars' Latin night performance, ranked

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A wave of celebrity divorces have taken over headlines in recent months.</li><li>These high-profile splits mirror an uptick in divorce across the US, per CDC data.</li></ul><p>This year, a stream of high-profile divorces has taken over headlines.</p><p>Actress Jodie Turner-Smith filed for divorce from Joshua Jackson after tying the knot in 2019 and having a daughter in 2020, making them the latest celebrity duo to end their marriage.</p><p>Recently, <a href="https://www.insider.com/ariana-grande-dalton-gomez-separated-breakup-2023-7">Ariana Grande and Dalton Gomez</a> announced they're getting divorced after two years of marriage, citing Grande's busy overseas work schedule and saying they want to "remain best friends." <a href="https://www.insider.com/ap-ricky-martin-and-husband-welcome-baby-girl-2018-12">Ricky Martin and Jwan Yosef</a> are divorcing after six years of marriage, saying they plan to co-parent their children. And <a href="https://www.insider.com/sofia-vergara-and-joe-manganiello-are-divorcing-2023-7">Sofía Vergara and Joe Manganiello</a> are parting ways after seven years of marriage, a source saying their "different attitudes" eventually pushed them apart.</p><p>Here are the other break-ups 0f 2023:</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/joe-jonas-sophie-turner-confirm-divorce-united-decision-2023-9">Joe Jonas and Sophie Turner</a>, who wed in 2019 and <a href="https://www.insider.com/joe-jonas-sophie-turner-children-daughters-parenting-facts-2023-9">share two children,</a> have been the center of speculative rumors after Jonas filed for divorce in early September.</li><li><a href="https://people.com/jeezy-celebrates-turning-46-after-suddenly-filing-for-divorce-from-jeannie-mai-8026723">Rapper Jeezy filed for divorce from Jeannie Mai</a> on September 14 after two years of marriage, People reported. The duo continue to live together, and they share a daughter.</li><li>Britney Spears and Sam Asghari are reportedly splitting up <a href="https://www.insider.com/britney-spears-sam-asghari-divorce-separation-wedding-2023-8">amidst cheating rumors</a>, according to multiple reports. They got married in June.</li><li>Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CvctRHlrcL9/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;ig_rid=b9f816ed-e585-4310-888a-f36326e4128d" target="_blank" rel="noopener">announced</a> he and wife Sophie Grégoire Trudeau are separating after 18 years of marriage, saying that <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/canadian-prime-minister-justin-trudeau-announces-separation-wife-sophi-rcna97778" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"many meaningful and difficult conversations"</a> led to their decision.</li><li>Kevin Costner and Christine Baumgartner are splitting after 18 years of marriage. Costner's representative told People that the divorce was <a href="https://www.insider.com/kevin-costner-christine-baumgartner-relationship-timeline-marriage-divorce-2023-5">"beyond his control."</a></li><li>Reese Witherspoon and Jim Toth announced their divorce in March after 11 years of marriage, saying they made the mutual decision "with a great deal of care and consideration."</li><li>"The Bear" star Jeremy Allen White's wife Addison Timlin <a href="https://people.com/tv/jeremy-allen-whites-wife-addison-timlin-files-for-divorce/">filed for divorce in May</a> after three years of marriage.</li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/billy-porter-tony-awards-red-carpet-outfit-2019-6">Billy Porter</a> and Adam Smith divorced after six years of marriage, which was an "amicable" and "mutual" decision, they said.</li><li>Former Trump aide Kellyanne Conway and George Conway said they were ending their 22-year marriage in March.</li><li>"The Real Housewives of Atlanta" star Kim Zolciak-Biermann and Kroy Biermann ended their 12-year marriage. Zolciak-Biermann said it was <a href="https://www.tmz.com/2023/05/08/kim-zolciak-files-divorce-kroy-biermann-real-housewives-atlanta-split-breakup/">"irretrievably broken with no hope of reconciliation."</a></li><li>"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" star Kyle Richards and Mauricio Umansky separated after 27 years, but reportedly still live together.</li><li>Actor Alex Pettyfer and model Toni Garrn are divorcing after two years of marriage, saying they will co-parent their daughter.</li><li>Shannen Doherty and Kurt Iswarienko split after 11 years of marriage.</li><li>Drake Bell and Janet Von Schmeling got divorced after Von Schmeling filed in April, citing <a href="https://people.com/tv/drake-bells-wife-janet-files-for-divorce/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-type="internalLink">"irreconcilable differences."</a></li><li>"The Real Housewives of Atlanta" star Eva Marcille and Michael Sterling divorced after four years of marriage.</li><li>Drew Sisora and Ralph Pittman, also of "The Real Housewives of Atlanta" fame, announced their divorce in March, ending their nine-year marriage.</li><li>Former "Bachelorette" star Deanna Pappas Stagliano and Stephen Stagliano are divorcing after 11 years of marriage.</li><li>Oasis band member Noel Gallagher and Sara MacDonald are splitting after a 12-year marriage.</li></ul><p>The wave of high-profile divorces reflects a larger societal trend.</p><p>According to the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/marriage-divorce/national-marriage-divorce-rates-00-21.pdf">latest CDC relationship data</a>, divorce was steadily declining between 2017 and 2020. In 2021, there was a sharp uptick, with 689,308 divorces in the 45 states where the CDC collects such data — <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/divorce-statistics/#sources_section">nearly half the number of marriages that year.</a></p><p>Divorce is now just a part of life, whether you're an average Joe or an Ariana Grande.</p><p>To a hopeless romantic, this year's laundry list of breakups may seem disheartening. But is it? Until recently, marriage has been held up as a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/15/arts/women-marriage-pop-culture.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">prize</a>; a societal good. Celebrities, television shows, movies, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/dark-side-of-polyamory-2019-2">even our legal system</a> have perpetuated the idea that a singular great love is the best thing you could ever achieve.</p><p>Things are different now, though. We're <a href="https://www.insider.com/bill-and-melinda-gates-divorce-gray-divorce-trend-2021-5">living longer</a> and becoming <a href="https://www.insider.com/people-fantasize-about-being-in-polyamorous-open-relationship-2019-10">more accepting</a> of <a href="https://www.insider.com/non-monogamy-terms-guide-definitions-2023-5">unconventional relationship dynamics</a>. The divorce trend is a reminder that people can outgrow each other. You can change without being tied to a particular destiny. You've lived and loved, and plan to keep on living and loving. And that's OK. </p><p>As recent celebrity news shows, love isn't always enough, even for the rich and famous. They're imperfect, just like us. Now we're all owning it.</p>

Jodie Turner-Smith and Joshua Jackson are headed for divorce. Here's a full list of famous break-ups this year.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Insider tested subscriptions in <keyword id="11897569" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="london" source="Orion">London</keyword> from Pact, Grind, and <keyword id="11922169" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="kiss-the-hippo" source="Orion">Kiss the Hippo</keyword> <keyword id="11909377" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="coffee" source="Orion">coffee</keyword> brands. </li><li>The market is growing fast. Grind's director said about 75% of its subscribers joined this year.</li><li>Each brand Insider tried was refreshingly distinct - because of its marketing, as well as its taste.</li></ul><p>During lockdown last year, Martin Gausby, a Danish developer living in London, subscribed to a coffee <keyword id="11922166" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="delivery" source="Orion">delivery</keyword> service and discovered that the bean's arrival became <a href="https://twitter.com/gausby/status/1405157103833128963">a weekly highlight</a>. </p><p>"I get my coffee from <a href="https://shop.squaremilecoffee.com/">Square Mile Coffee</a>, a company founded by James Hoffman right here in London," Gausby said a few days ago. "He has a YouTube channel about all sorts of coffee-related stuff, and I enjoy that, so I like supporting him by having a subscription to his coffee."</p><p>Over the last few weeks, Insider tested a few coffee subscriptions services in London to see how they worked. Our choices were <a href="https://www.pactcoffee.com">Pact</a>, <a href="https://kissthehippo.com/">Kiss the Hippo</a>, and <a href="https://grind.co.uk/">Grind</a>.</p><h2>Two days, three boxes of coffee</h2><p>The first two packages - Kiss the Hippo and Grind - arrived three days after the orders were placed. The Pact delivery came the following afternoon.</p><p>The boxes from Pact and Kiss the Hippo were slim enough to fit through the mail slot. The first delivery of Grind came with a tin, so it was a bit thicker but the company said the following packages are letterbox-friendly.</p><div type="image" title="Coffee packages from Pact, Grind, and Kiss the Hippo in front of white tiles" height="2656" width="3992" msid="85536941" hostid="261"></div><p>Many friendly emails arrived over the next few days. Each company wanted feedback on the coffee.</p><p>Of the three companies, Kiss the Hippo sent the most emails. "Look out for the postman," said a subject line when the coffee shipped. The following day, before the coffee arrived, another email said, "Do You Have Everything You Need?" with a range of coffee-brewing products for sale. When the coffee arrived the following day, an email said, "Something Big is Here!"</p><div type="image" title="A can of Grind coffee beans seen from above next to a green plant" height="2656" width="3992" msid="85536942" hostid="261"></div><p>In the month following our order, more than a dozen of Kiss the Hippo's chatty emails arrived, compared to a few each from the other brands. Insider has reached out to the company for comment. </p><h2>Pact promises 'rare' coffees</h2><p>Each of the three roasters had similar ordering routines. Their websites were flowchart-like, with each answer leading to another. Pact's had the most questions. </p><div type="image" title="A purple bag of Pact Micro-lot coffee on a gray kitchen counter" height="2656" width="3992" msid="85536944" hostid="261"></div><p>Pact first asked for a choice between regular or decaf. Then asked how the coffee would be brewed - Aeropress, Chemex, espresso machine, etc. After choosing the Hario V60, a pour-over, the site asked whether the order would be wholebean or medium grind. Wholebean for us.</p><p>And the final step was choosing your coffee from three options for 250-gram bags. A £6.95 House blend, a £7.95 Select roast, or a £9.95 Micro-lot, which was said to be, "Rare, high-scoring coffees." </p><p>Our La Pederogosa "Micro-lot" beans were grown in Colombia by Mauricio Vega. The packaging said they were roasted on the day of the order, and packaged the followed day in London by Emily, whose last name wasn't given. </p><p>Last year, <keyword id="11922167" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="pact-coffee" source="Orion">Pact Coffee</keyword> CEO Paul Turton told <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coffee-importers-are-worried-about-post-brexit-shipping-bottlenecks-2020-12">Insider</a> that its subscriber list was growing quickly amid the UK lockdowns. Many of those subscribers have stuck around, he said a few days ago. </p><p>"The 'covid cohort' as we call it - or those who joined us after March 2020 have stayed loyal to us despite restrictions easing, especially now everyone has had the chance to fully experience Pact's proposition over a pretty long period," he said via email. </p><h2>Grind is Instagram-friendly</h2><p>Shoreditch-based Grind had the most eye-catching packaging, and the <a href="https://www.instagram.com/grind/">highest follower count</a> on Instagram. The brand got its start in 2011, making it the oldest of the three. </p><p>"We'd been quietly working on our coffee-at-home project for about a year when the pandemic forced us to close all of our cafés," Ted Robinson, Grind's director, said a few weeks ago. </p><p>Between February and May last year, orders grew by a multiple of 30, he said. Growth has continued, with more than 75% of the company's subscribers joining in 2021. </p><p>The house roast cost £13.50 per delivery, but plan pricing for each brand was based on how many cups you drink per day. Our first order from Grind included a reusable tin in <a href="https://www.insider.com/millennial-pink-products-2017-4">millennial</a> <a href="https://www.insider.com/millennial-pink-kitchen-products-2017-5">pink</a>.</p><div type="image" title="A pink coffee tin in a package from Grind Coffee in London" height="2656" width="3992" msid="85536945" hostid="261"></div><p>Grind didn't say where the coffee had been grown or roasted, but said it was "shipped climate neutral." </p><p>"We've offset the carbon emissions of all our deliveries for almost a year, protecting over 40,000 trees in the Jari Pará Forest Conservation Project in the Amazon," the company said on a little card slipped into the box. </p><p>Robinson said the company has "helped over 100,000 people make better, more sustainable coffee at home" during the pandemic. Many of those buyers, he said, have stuck around even as the city reopens. </p><h2>Kiss the Hippo promotes its farmers</h2><p>Like Pact, Kiss the Hippo used its packaging to promote the small farms on which the beans were grown. </p><p>Our slim bag with a little red hippo logo was full of coffee from El Salvador. A label on the back said the Red Pacamara beans had been grown by The Diaz Family.</p><p>The family - Jose Efrin, Jose William, Arnulfo, and Santos - works on a few farms that "sit close together where they pool resources and elevate each other through a collective family bond."</p><div type="image" title="A cardboard box with a bag of Kiss the Hippo coffee with a red hippo logo" height="2656" width="3992" msid="85536948" hostid="261"></div><p>The coffee itself came with tasting notes: acidity at 4/5 and body at 3/5. It was pitched as having notes of "elderflower, apricot, lemon." Our single-origin whole-bean option cost £12 per delivery. </p><h2>Three fresh brews, all very good</h2><p>Each of the brands had their own distinct flavors. Kiss the Hippo had a lemon zest, light and airy, as its tasting notes said. Grind was richer and darker. Pact was somewhere in the middle, balanced and a little earthy. The beans seemed fresher than what those from high-end grocery store in London, in part because they were roasted within the last few days. All were very good. </p><p>What stuck out in the end was not the beans, but the marketing - especially the way that Pact and Kiss the Hippo both promoted the local farmers. The messaging from all three leaned heavily into domestic, eco-friendly, and agrarian messaging, even if the farms that grew the beans were on another continent. </p><p>"Most of these small farms have been in the family for generations and we're lucky enough to share their amazing coffee with the Pact community," said Pact's Turton.</p><p>Did knowing that the Diaz family grew our Kiss the Hippo beans in El Salvador make the coffee taste better? No, probably not. Did it give us something interesting to think about as we took our first sip of coffee? Yes, it honestly did.</p><div type="image" title="Coffee brewing in a Hario V60 drip brewer in front of white tiles" height="3972" width="5970" msid="85536949" hostid="261"></div><p>The coffee that Gausby, the Danish developer, gets delivered from Square Mile has also been fresher than what he was used to at the grocery store, he said. </p><p>"I will move home to Denmark at the end of next month," he said, "but I will strongly consider setting up a subscription with a local roastery." </p>

We tried 3 coffee subscriptions - Pact, Grind, and Kiss the Hippo. From super-fresh roasts to millennial pink tins, here's what to expect.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>CEO Michael Corbat sent out an internal memo on Tuesday announcing the firm's new class of managing directors.</li><li>The MD distinction, the highest title at the firm, was earned by 220 employees across the bank - 137 from the firm's Institutional Clients Group, which includes its dealmaking and sales and trading teams, and 25 in its Global Consumer bank. </li><li>Business Insider got ahold of Corbat's memo congratulating the 220 new MDs.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prime?module=article&amp;area=summarymarymary">Click here for more BI Prime stories</a>.</li></ul><p>Managing director is the highest title at Citigroup, and 220 employees recently earned a promotion to that elite group across the firm, according to a company-wide memo CEO Michael Corbat sent out Tuesday. </p><p>Individual divisions began announcing newly promoted MDs last Friday, including <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/citigroup-announces-137-new-managing-directors-in-trading-dealmaking-2019-12">137 in the firm's Institutional Clients Group</a>, which houses its dealmaking and sales and trading teams, and 25 in its Global Consumer bank. Another 58 promotions came in other areas of the firm, such as risk management, legal, and HR.</p><p>Women represented 28% of the promotions, up from 25% last year. </p><p>"This well-deserved honor is a significant career milestone for these individuals, and we can all take pride in their contributions to our firm. Please join me in congratulating them," Corbat wrote in the memo, which was reviewed by Business Insider.</p><p>A company spokeswoman confirmed the contents of the memo.</p><p>In November, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/goldman-sachs-announces-2019-managing-director-promotions-class-2019-11">Goldman Sachs announced</a> a class of 465 new managing directors, of which 29% were women. At Goldman the coveted MD promotions are announced once every two years and put recipients one step <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/goldman-ceo-solomon-offering-buyouts-to-partners-shrink-senior-ranks-2019-9">below partner</a> at the investment bank. </p><p>Bank of America also and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/barclays-managing-director-list-56-new-mds-corporate-investment-bank-2019-12">Barclays also announce</a> MDs in the fourth quarter, while Morgan Stanley's new class is typically unveiled in January and JPMorgan Chase ushers in its cohort in Spring.</p><p>Here's the full list of all newly promoted managing directors at Citigroup, as well as their business line:</p><table cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td width="280" height="20"><strong>Name, Business / Function</strong></td><td width="270"><strong>Name, Business / Function</strong></td></tr><tr><td height="20">Gautam Abroal, ICRM</td><td>Armin Lindtner, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Vijay Albuquerque, Markets</td><td>Temmy Lizarzabal, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Roberto Armenteros, EIO&amp;T</td><td>Mauricio Lopez Lajud, Mexico Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Rohit Arora, EIO&amp;T</td><td>Armando Lopez, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Scott Athey, Finance</td><td>Ken Loughran, Internal Audit</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jane Bachmann, Private Bank</td><td>Kate Luft, APAC Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jorge Baez, Mexico Consumer</td><td>Krishna Majithia, Risk Management</td></tr><tr><td height="20">James Balkwill, Private Bank</td><td>Srini Manthripragada, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Rahul Banerjee, GCB</td><td>Eros Marshall, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Ambrish Bansal, TTS</td><td>Faisal Masood, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Sandeep Batra, APAC Consumer</td><td>Shalini Mathur, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Lorraine Berge, ICG O&amp;T</td><td>Waleed Matin, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">John Bekian, ICRM</td><td>Mark Maxson, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Pavan Bellur, BCMA</td><td>Dennis McCarthy, U.S. Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Charley Bensaid, Markets</td><td>Aoiffe McGarry, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Karen Bernhard, Mexico Consumer</td><td>Patsy McGuire, HR</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Vishal Bhardwaj, GCB Operations and Fraud</td><td>Shweta Mehrotra, HR</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Sharon Blackman, Legal</td><td>Jason Miner, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Brad Bloom, Markets</td><td>Minae Mizuno, Internal Audit</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Michael Boghosian, U.S. Consumer</td><td>Lora Monfared, U.S. Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Gregor Bollen, Private Bank</td><td>Ajit Moorthy, HR</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Darren Brighton, Markets</td><td>Joydeep Mukherjee, Global Commercial</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Brian Carlstead, Markets</td><td>Rapheal Mun, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Andre Carvalho De Sanctis, TTS</td><td>Eric Natelson, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Aman Chadha, TTS</td><td>Danny Nathan, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Padmaja Chakravarty, Legal</td><td>Mike Newton, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Aaron Chandrasakaran, BCMA</td><td>Gilbert Ng, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Victoria Chant, Markets</td><td>Kenichiro Nitta, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Bryan Chao, Markets</td><td>Isobel Nordstrom, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Gary Chen, Global Commercial</td><td>Meghan O'Connor, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Selene Cheng, Markets</td><td>Alex Oechler, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Manik Chhabra, Global Commercial</td><td>Liam O'Gara, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">George Clayton, Risk Management</td><td>Jason Osborne, GCB</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Lisa Cochran, GCB Technology</td><td>Justin Palamara, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Francisco Conceicao, Holdings</td><td>Anthony Pantina, Risk Management</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Natasha Condon, TTS</td><td>Lee Pelayo, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jason Cramer, U.S. Consumer</td><td>Marco Antonio Dias, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Tom Curley, HR</td><td>Joe Pergola, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Trudy Curtis, TTS</td><td>Kim Persaud, Risk Management</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Scott Damassa, TTS</td><td>Krista Phillips, GCB</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jiten Dave, HR</td><td>Kristina Pi, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Roberto de Andrade, Private Bank</td><td>Jennie Platt, U.S. Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Terry Dennis, TTS</td><td>Tommaso Ponselè, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Dipali Devaskar, ICG O&amp;T</td><td>Laura Posse, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Carol Dewar, EIO&amp;T</td><td>Enrico Prato, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Allegra Digia, HR</td><td>Jennifer Pu, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Todd Domecq, Retail Services</td><td>Kim Pulliam, GCB Operations and Fraud</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Sara Domingos, Internal Audit</td><td>Rakesh Purohit, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">David Dong, Markets</td><td>Colm Rainey, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Cormac Donohoe, Markets</td><td>Rajakumar Ramalingam, TTS</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Samantha Dorfman, EIO&amp;T</td><td>Shellie Rayford, Internal Audit</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Nitesh Dugar, BCMA</td><td>Ben Rayner, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Santosh Dujari, TTS</td><td>Robert Redshaw, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Emma Duncombe, HR</td><td>Oliver Rey-Beckstrom, Global Commercial</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jaya Dutt, Markets</td><td>Francisco Abreu, Global Commercial</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Berry East, Finance</td><td>Juan M. Rincon-Cortes, Legal</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Alvaro Echeverry, ICG O&amp;T</td><td>Amar Rizvi, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Belinda Ellington, Legal</td><td>Frank Rodrigues, ICRM</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Rachid El-Mohammadi, Markets</td><td>Diego Rojas, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Brad Epstein, BCMA</td><td>Miguel Romo, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Eliza H Eubank, Risk Management</td><td>Andrea Rossato, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">El Ezzine, Markets</td><td>Bill Rys, Global Public Affairs</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Rob Famulare, Markets</td><td>Luca Sabbatini, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Mark Fisher, Risk Management</td><td>Prosenjit Saha, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Caryn Freiberger, Markets</td><td>Anand Sairam, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Ed Fresco, Internal Audit</td><td>Marcelo Santos, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Andrea Galvis, Markets</td><td>Matteo Sardo, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Pranjal Gambhir, BCMA</td><td>Ganesh Sarpotdar, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Chris Gartin, BCMA</td><td>Zoltán Schwardy, Global Commercial</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Serene Gay, APAC Consumer</td><td>Mauricio Schwartzmann, Mexico Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Leo Gazzo, TTS</td><td>Rafa Serrano, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Ryan Gilliam, Legal</td><td>Kashif Shabbir, ICRM</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jason Gordon, Retail Services</td><td>Vaibhav Sharma, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Deborah Gowland, Markets</td><td>Scott Slavik, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Paddy Green, Markets</td><td>Mohannad Sleiman, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Harpreet Grewal, APAC Consumer</td><td>Fabrizio Sommazzi, Internal Audit</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Peter Grinups, BCMA</td><td>Elissa Steinberg, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Daniel Gutierrez, Markets</td><td>Tim Stisser, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Onjada Haggard-Richardson, Private Bank</td><td>Lee Street, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Andreas Hamm, EIO&amp;T</td><td>Sunder Subramanian, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Adam Harper, Private Bank</td><td>Will Taing, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Mario Hernandez, Internal Audit</td><td>Wei Tang, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Justin Herrmann, Risk Management</td><td>Mayuri Tateishi, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Lorraine Hogan, Internal Audit</td><td>AlexTaylor, HR</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Niall Hornett, Markets</td><td>Prashant Thakker, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">John Hutcheson, BCMA</td><td>Alex Todd, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Tanaaz Irani, APAC Consumer</td><td>Nagib Touma, ICRM</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Rich Iseman, TTS</td><td>Neil Toy, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Yuka Izumi, BCMA</td><td>Matt Turnbull, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Andrew James, Private Bank</td><td>Jacob Turner, Legal</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Dawid Janas, TTS</td><td>Rudy Vela, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Anurag Jodhawat, Markets</td><td>Mike Vondriska, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jessica Johnson, Finance</td><td>Martin Watson, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Alex Juricev, BCMA</td><td>Brad Wayman, U.S. Consumer</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Georgia Kaliora, Markets</td><td>Milly Webb, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Sietske Kalse, Markets</td><td>Chris Welland, EIO&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Mayank Kaul, Risk Management</td><td>James West, ICG O&amp;T</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Kaan Kesedar, BCMA</td><td>Graham Westgarth, Finance</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Yoon Kim, BCMA</td><td>Chris Wetherbee, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Tokiya Kishie, Markets</td><td>Scott Wexler, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Jasmin Koelbl-Vogt, Legal</td><td>Martin Wilkie, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Robert Kong, Markets</td><td>Dan Willett, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Patrick Kosiek, BCMA</td><td>Jeffrey Wool, Legal</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Neeraj Kumar, BCMA</td><td>Whitney Xun, Private Bank</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Sampath Kumar, Internal Audit</td><td>Ruo Yang, BCMA</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Anubhav Kunwar, ICG O&amp;T</td><td>Yuri Yermakov, Risk Management</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Marta LaRusso, Risk Management</td><td>Yi Yong, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Alfredo Lelo De Larrea, Private Bank</td><td>Tony Yuen, Markets</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Tammy Levine, U.S. Consumer</td><td>Sophia Zhu, ICRM</td></tr><tr><td height="20">Cori Lin, GCB</td><td>Matt Zimmerman, Markets</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="tagline"><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intelligence/banking?IR=T&amp;itm_source=businessinsider&amp;itm_medium=ctgr_bii&amp;itm_term=ctgr_subscription&amp;itm_content=wallstreet&amp;itm_campaign=banking-2"></a></p>

Citigroup CEO Michael Corbat sent out an internal memo congratulating the bank's new class of managing directors - we got the entire list of 220 names

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>Tottenham Hotspur's Son Heung-min was reduced to tears after being sent off for a challenge that saw Everton midfielder Andre Gomes snap his ankle on Sunday.</li><li>Gomes fell awkwardly following a challenge from Son in the 79th minute of the 1-1 draw, resulting in his foot twisting almost 180 degrees.</li><li>He was rushed to hospital shortly after and undergoes surgery on Monday, <a href="https://www.evertonfc.com/news/1482488/gomes-injury-update">according to an official statement from Everton.</a></li><li>"You win, you draw, you lose. But all that doesn't matter when something like this happens," <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B4aiAE1nj39/">Everton's Cenk Tosun said on Instagram after the match.</a> "I wish we lost 0-5 and this didn't happen."</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/soccer-news?r=US&amp;IR=T">Read more of our soccer coverage here.</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.</a></li></ul><p>Tottenham Hotspur's Son Heung-min was left in tears after he was sent off for a challenge that saw Everton midfielder Andre Gomes snap his ankle on Sunday.</p><p>The South Korean's late tackle on Gomes in the 79th minute at Goodison Park in Liverpool, resulted in the Portuguese falling awkwardly onto his ankle, which subsequently bent almost 180 degrees and left him screaming in agony.</p><p>After six minutes of stoppage time whilst medics came to Gomes' aid, he was rushed to a local hospital where he undergoes surgery on Monday, <a href="https://www.evertonfc.com/news/1482488/gomes-injury-update">according to an official statement from Everton.</a></p><p>Son, who was in floods of tears, was originally shown a yellow card for the tackle, but it was later upgraded to a red by referee Martin Atkinson.</p><p>Serge Aurier, who was also involved in the clash, looked visibly shaken, and although he was not penalized, he was substituted just five minutes later.</p><p>After the final whistle, Spurs manager Mauricio Pochettino shared his condolences with Gomes.</p><p>"We all feel sorry," <a href="https://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/news/2019/november/points-shared-on-difficult-afternoon-at-goodison-park/">the Argentine told Tottenham's website.</a> "First of all, I want to send all my best wishes on behalf of the all the team and the club to Andre, his family and everyone because this is a tough moment and we all feel sorry.</p><p>"We hope he can be on the pitch again as soon as possible."</p><h2>Tosun says he'd rather have lost the game</h2><p>The match finished 1-1 on the night, with Everton striker Cenk Tosun rescuing a point for Marco Silva's side in the final moments with his 97th minute header.</p><p>The Turkey international however, who was cradling Gomes' head whilst he lay screaming, says he wishes he could swap his equalizing goal in order for his teammate not to have been injured.</p><p>"You win, you draw, you lose but all that doesn't matter when something like this happens," <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B4aiAE1nj39/">he said on Instagram.</a></p><p>"I wish I didn't score, I wish we lost 0-5 and this didn't happen. I know you will come back stronger bro and we will be there for you."</p><p>Everton next take on Southampton on Saturday, November 9 whilst Tottenham play Red Star Belgrade away in the Champions League on Wednesday.</p><p><strong>Read more:</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/granit-xhaka-said-arsenal-fans-hope-his-daughter-gets-cancer-2019-11?r=US&amp;IR=T">Arsenal captain Granit Xhaka says fans threatened to break his legs, told him to kill his wife, and wished his 'daughter gets cancer'</a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bulgaria-fans-made-nazi-salutes-monkey-chants-at-england-players-2019-10?r=US&amp;IR=T">A Bulgaria crowd appeared to make monkey chants and Nazi salutes at England's black players, and the team's captain begged the fans to stop</a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sofia-huerta-us-soccer-fan-selfie-groping-lawsuit-2019-10?r=US&amp;IR=T">A photo appears to show US soccer star Sofia Huerta being groped by a fan while taking a selfie</a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/french-soccer-star-fired-after-stealing-teammates-76k-watch-2019-10?r=US&amp;IR=T">A French soccer player has been fired by his club after admitting he stole his teammate's $76,000 watch</a></p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/christian-pulisics-debut-season-at-chelsea-better-than-eden-hazards-2019-10?r=US&amp;IR=T">Christian Pulisic has been far more effective than Eden Hazard was in his debut season at Chelsea FC</a></p><div></div><div>    </div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/world-famous-sports-logos-hidden-messages-2019-10">10 world-famous sports logos with hidden meanings</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

An Everton FC player's ankle was bent almost 180 degrees and looked so horrific it made the opposition cry

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>InSight Crime</span></p><p class="caption">Oscar Mauricio Pachon Rozo</p></div><p></p></div></div>A new report stating that a shadowy drug trafficker, known as "Puntilla Pachon," has become <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/component/tags/tag/8-colombia" target="_blank">Colombia</a>'s latest narco boss brings into question whether criminal figureheads are still needed to regulate the underworld. </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><a href="http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/narcotraficante-que-heredo-el-imperio-de-megateo-pijarbey/448215-3" target="_blank">According to Semana</a>, Oscar Mauricio Pachon Rozo, alias "Puntilla Pachon," has inherited the criminal empires of two former associates who were recently killed <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/pijarbey-killed-drug-lord-eastern-colombia" target="_blank">during security operations</a>, Victor Ramon Navarro Serrano, alias "<a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/legend-of-colombia-narco-guerrilla-grows" target="_blank">Megateo</a>," and Martin Farfan Diaz Gonzalez, alias "<a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/pijarbey-killed-drug-lord-eastern-colombia" target="_blank">Pijarbey</a>."</span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1">Megateo controlled coca crops, drug laboratories and trafficking routes across a large swath of Colombia's northeastern Norte de Santander department. Pijarbey ran a drug trafficking group primarily based in the central department of Meta and the eastern department of Vichada. By inheriting these assets and combining them with his own territory in eastern Colombia, Puntilla has become the major drug lord in that part of the country, reported Semana.   </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1">Puntilla has spent decades in the underworld, working for the powerful Medellin and Cali Cartels before joining kingpin Daniel "El Loco" Barrera. Following Barrera's <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/colombias-last-drug-capo-pleads-guilty-us" target="_blank">extradition</a> to the United States in 2013, Puntilla reportedly formed an alliance with Megateo, Pijarbey and neo-paramilitary organization the <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/component/tags/tag/43-urabenos" target="_blank">Urabeños</a>. Puntilla was also <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/categories/colombia-organized-crime-news/loco-barrera-2/loco-barrera" target="_blank">reportedly the successor</a> to</span><span class="s1"> Barrera's drug trafficking empire in Colombia's Eastern Plains region. </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1">According to Semana, Puntilla has benefited from the Colombian government's ongoing hunt for <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/component/tags/tag/43-urabenos" target="_blank">Urabeños</a> head Dario Antonio Usuga, alias "<a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/colombia-organized-crime-news/dario-antonio-usuga-otoniel" target="_blank">Otoniel</a>." With the government's resources <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/drug-clashes-spark-colombia-humanitarian-crisis-ombudsman" target="_blank">focused on the Urabeños' headquarters</a> in the northwest region of Uraba, Puntilla's group has been able to operate more freely, the report stated.</span></p><h3 class="p1"><span class="s1">InSight Crime Analysis</span></h3><p class="p1"><span class="s1">While a single report is not conclusive proof that Puntilla has become Eastern Colombia's top boss, it does highlight the shifting role of big-name criminals in the drug trade. Given Colombia's current criminal dynamics, it is unclear if there is still a need for figureheads to bring a measure of stability to the underworld. </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">A Mexican soldier stands guard as over one ton of Colombian cocaine goes up in smoke on the Carribean island of Cozumel in the southern Mexican state of Quintana Roo February 27, 1997.</p></div><p></p></div></div></span>Due to its criminal nature, drug trafficking has historically required a small number of bosses to exercise control and regulate the industry. Drug lords such as Pablo Escobar, who ran the Medellin Cartel, and later the <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/component/tags/tag/18-oficina-de-envigado" target="_blank">Oficina de Envigado</a>'s leader, Diego Fernando Murillo, alias "Don Berna," helped guide the Colombian underworld during their respective eras of dominance.   </p><p class="p1"><span class="s1">But Barrera's capture in 2012 was heralded as the <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/el-loco-barrera-extradition-marks-passing-of-a-narco-era" target="_blank">end of high-profile capos</a> in Colombia. Since then, groups like the <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/component/tags/tag/43-urabenos" target="_blank">Urabeños</a> -- now the country's biggest drug trafficking organization -- have adopted a decentralized leadership structure, rather than the hierarchical system used by their predecessors. It is also worth noting that the Colombian government has become adept at <a href="http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/urabenos-leader-killed-but-expansion-likely-to-continue" target="_blank">capturing and killing</a> high-profile drug traffickers, making anonymity and discretion increasingly valuable assets for survival in the underworld. </span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-morning-ritual-ego-boost-2015-11">Donald Trump's 'strange' morning habit tells you everything you need to know about him</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="00ZDlpeDrq4nMK9Rokom5THSdf3IXlfW" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

This man may be Colombia's next top drug lord

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Martin Acosta/Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">Venezuelan citizen Angel Sosa holds up a sign that reads "Macri, help Venezuela" as other supporters of presidential candidate Mauricio Macri of Cambiemos (Let's Change) celebrate in front of the Obelisk of Buenos Aires, November 22, 2015. Conservative opposition challenger Macri won Argentina's presidential election on Sunday, bringing to an end more than a decade of free-spending leftist populism with a promise to open up the ailing economy to investors.</p></div><p></p></div></div><em><strong>FA Insights is a daily newsletter from Business Insider that delivers the top news and commentary for financial advisors.</strong></em></p><p><strong><a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/latin-america-rightward-shift-by-mohamed-a--el-erian-2016-06">Latin American politics are also lurching to the right</a> (Project Syndicate)</strong></p><p><span>Latin American politics seem to be swerving to the right. Notably, this seems to be a product of the region's "<span>anemic growth and the disappointing provision of public goods, especially social services," writes <span>Mohamed A. El-Erian, Chief Economic Adviser at Allianz. </span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span>"Indeed, we can think of the shift as a Latin American variant of the West's blossoming romance with anti-establishment movements," he continued. "<span>Viewed from a global perspective, the shift in Latin America is part of a broader rise in discontent with the 'establishment.' And it is not limited to governments. It also extends to private-sector elites, particularly banks and multinational companies."</span></span><br /></span></span></p><p><strong><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/millennials-may-be-sabotaging-their-own-retirement-2016-6">Millennials might be sabotaging their own retirement</a> (The Motley Fool)</strong></p><p>A new study from Financial Finesse found that millennials - who they defined as anyone under the age of 30 -<span> have a Wellness Score of just 4.4. And any<span> score between a 3.0 and a 4.9 demonstrates that "employees may be sabotaging their own goals through poor personal financial skills and are in need of more basic information."</span></span></p><p><span><span>The study also found some pretty crazy data points about millennials, including that only 59% understand the basics of investing, only 32% know their own risk tolerance, and only 23% have used a retirement calculator.</span></span></p><p><strong><a href="http://www.schwab.com/public/schwab/nn/articles/Are-the-Glory-Days-of-Job-Growth-Over">Maybe the slowdown in job growth just reflects the maturity of the business cycle</a> (Charles</strong> <strong>Schwab)</strong></p><p><span>"A recent 42-year low in initial unemployment claims and record job openings belie the weakness in job growth last month. Consumer confidence has also remained healthy; with the Conference Board's monthly survey of showing the percentage of respondents saying jobs are plentiful remaining near a cyclical high of more than 24%. What may be at work is a yawning skills gap between all of those unfilled jobs and available workers," wrote Liz Ann Sonders.</span></p><p><span>"<span>Perhaps the simplest of benign explanations for the slowdown in job growth is the maturity of the cycle. Inevitably in every economic cycle, employment eventually approaches full maturity - we may be closer to that point than many have believed. It's also possible the productivity gap is beginning to narrow; which could mean US gross domestic product (GDP) continues to plod along; but real wages picking up more sharply and employment growth slowing further."</span></span></p><p><strong><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-07/junk-risk-spikes-as-recession-odds-at-post-crisis-high-ubs-says">UBS says the chance of a US recession next year is the highest it's been since the credit crisis</a></strong> <strong>(Bloomberg)</strong></p><p><span>The UBS credit-based recession probability index suggests that there's a 34% likelihood of a recession by the first quarter of 2017 - and that probability can spike to 50% if the Fed ends up quickly raising rates, reports Emma Orr, citing UBS Group AG.</span></p><p><span>"The biggest risk right now does come from Fed rate hikes amid a period of weak growth data," <span>UBS strategist Stephen Caprio told Bloomberg in a phone interview</span>. "The worst case is, you have a replay of 2015, where you have a tighter Fed, stronger dollar, oil prices take another leg down into the $30s and concerns over emerging markets and China flare up again -- that's going to lead to mutual-fund redemptions."</span></p><p><strong><a href="https://wallethub.com/edu/safest-states-to-live-in/4566/">The 10 safest states in America</a> (WalletHub)</strong></p><p>WalletHub's latest study suggests that the 10 safest states in the US are Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Maine, Connecticut, Minnesota, Virginia, Utah, and Iowa.</p><p>Their data shows that New Hampshire has the lowest number of murders and non-negligent manslaughter per 100,000 residents at 0.90 - which is 18 times lower than the District of Columbia, which had the highest rate of 15.94.</p><p><span>Meanwhile, Vermont has the lowest </span>number of thefts per 100,000 residents at<span> 1,535. That's four times lower than highest in the country D.C. at 5,713.</span> </p>

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