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While sunsets on Mars are uniquely moody, <keyword id="6360409" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword>'s <keyword id="69295" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="curiosity" source="Orion">Curiosity</keyword> rover has captured a stunning image of a martian sunset, featuring light rays that illuminated a bank of clouds as the sun set over the horizon. These 'sun rays' are also known as crepuscular rays, from the Latin word for 'twilight'. It was the first time sun rays have been so clearly viewed on Mars. Curiosity, which was built by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and managed by Caltech in Pasadena, California, on February 2 captured the scene during the rover's newest twilight cloud survey, which builds on its 2021 observations of noctilucent, or night-shining, clouds. While most Martian clouds hover no more than 37 miles (60 kilometres) above the ground and are composed of water ice, the clouds in the latest images appear to be at a higher altitude, where it's especially cold. That suggests these clouds are made of carbon dioxide ice or dry ice. On Earth, clouds provide scientists with complex but crucial information for understanding the weather. By looking at when and where clouds form, scientists can learn more about the Martian atmosphere's composition and temperatures, and the winds within it. The 2021 cloud survey included more imaging by Curiosity's black-and-white navigation cameras, providing a detailed look at a cloud's structure as it moves. But the recent survey, which began in January and will wrap up in mid-March, relies more often on the rover's colour Mast Camera, or Mastcam, which helps scientists see how cloud particles grow over time. In addition to the image of sun rays, Curiosity captured a set of colourful clouds shaped like a feather on Jan. 27. When illuminated by sunlight, certain types of clouds can create a rainbowlike display called iridescence. "Where we see iridescence, it means a cloud's particle sizes are identical to their neighbours in each part of the cloud," said <keyword id="5761402" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="mark-lemmon" source="Orion">Mark Lemmon</keyword>, an atmospheric scientist with the <keyword id="2552836" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="space-science-institute" source="Orion">Space Science Institute</keyword> in Boulder, Colorado. "By looking at colour transitions, we're seeing particle size changing across the cloud. That tells us about the way the cloud is evolving and how its particles are changing size over time." Curiosity captured both the sun rays and iridescent clouds as panoramas, each of which was stitched together from 28 images sent to Earth. The images have been processed to emphasize the highlights. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/entertainment/news/imdb-shares-top-rated-indian-films-nominated-for-oscars/slidelist/98470341.cms">Two-decade-old Lagaan outscores RRR amongst Oscar-nominated Indian movies on IMDb</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/evs-will-increase-indias-dependence-on-china-for-raw-materials-battery-production-gtri-report/articleshow/98470819.cms">EVs will increase India's dependence on China for raw materials, battery production: GTRI report</a>

NASA's Curiosity rover captures first 'Sun Rays' on Mars

Facebook COO <keyword id="611995" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Sheryl-Sandberg">Sheryl Sandberg</keyword> is coming out with a new book, <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Lean-In-Women-Work-Will/dp/0385349947">Lean In</a>, which she describes as "sort of a feminist manifesto, but one that I hope inspires men as much as it inspires women." She <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/sheryl-sandberg-presents-mind-blowing-stats-about-how-and-why-women-hold-themselves-back-2013-2">lays out some stark figures about women</a>, and then challenges women to expect absolute equality in the <keyword id="6357280" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="workplace">workplace</keyword> and at home.
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon <a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/02/sheryl-sandbergs-radically-realistic-and-solution-for-working-mothers/273324/#.USUjw7XsAxY.twitter">wrote a great piece in the Atlantic</a> today about the dilemma most women face — that they can either be a parent or a working woman — and how Sandberg offers a "radically realistic" alternative, that women can be both.
Sandberg posted the article on Facebook, and <keyword id="6354630" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mark-Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</keyword> weighed in:
<table class="image-container" width="200"><tr><td><div class="image"></div>Facebook </td></tr></table>

Mark Zuckerberg Says Sheryl Sandberg's Feminist Manifesto Is 'Radically Realistic' 

<ul class="summary-list"><li>NASA's Perseverance rover captured a 1.2-mile-high dust devil on Mars on camera.</li><li>The whirlwind was about 200 feet wide and moving at about 12 mph, the space agency said.</li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-rover-takes-first-drive-on-mars-2021-3">NASA's Perseverance rover</a> caught a 1.2-mile-high Martian dust devil on camera that scientists say is way bigger than whirlwinds on Earth.The space agency released a short video showing the bottom portion of the dust devil rollicking along the western rim of Mars' Jezero Crater, <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/9490/nasas-perseverance-captures-dust-filled-martian-whirlwind/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NASA wrote in a press release</a>. While the video — composed of 21 images sped up 20 times — only shows the lower 387 feet of the whirlwind, scientists were able to estimate that it stretched 1.2 miles high, according to NASA. That's nearly 3.5 times the height of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-nyc-new-world-trade-center-freedom-tower-photos-2018-10">New York City's One World Trade Center</a> skyscraper."We don't see the top of the dust devil, but the shadow it throws gives us a good indication of its height," Mark Lemmon, a member of the Perseverance science team, said in the press release. "Most are vertical columns. If this <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/martian-dust-devils-keep-landing-on-curiosity-2012-11">dust devil</a> were configured that way, its shadow would indicate it is about 1.2 miles (2 kilometers) in height."The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-records-dust-devil-winds-martian-surface-insight-2018-12">Martian whirlwind</a>, which was captured from about 2.5 miles away, was also about 200 feet wide and moving at about 12 mph, the agency reported. <h2>Dust devils on Mars are much stronger than Earth's</h2>NASA said that Martian dust devils, while not as intense as <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tornadoes-more-us-than-anywhere-else-world-2019-5">Earth's tornadoes</a>, are much stronger and larger than dust devils on Earth. According to the National Weather Service, <a href="https://www.insider.com/dust-devil-south-carolina-garden-city-beach-horry-county-2023-5">dust devils on Earth</a> can get up to 1,000 feet tall on average, which is just about one-sixth of the height of this one on Mars.Dust devils are most common during <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-springtime-looks-like-on-mars-2014-3">Mars' spring and summer months</a>, and though this isn't the first time NASA has caught one on camera, scientists can't predict when and where they'll appear, NASA said.A previous one recorded in 2012 extended a whopping 12 miles high, according to a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zb94PxX_q38" target="_blank" rel="noopener">video from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a>.

NASA caught a 1.2 mile-high Martian dust devil on camera and scientists say it's way bigger than whirlwinds on Earth

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-nasa-could-tell-us-aliens-are-real-2023-2">NASA's</a> Curiosity rover on Mars snapped the first clear photo of rays of sunlight <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-curiosity-rover-photographs-rare-iridescent-mars-clouds-2021-6">illuminating Martian clouds</a>.</li><li>The sun rays beamed through a bank of Mars clouds that NASA says could be made of dry ice.</li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasas-curiosity-rover-discover-mars-climate-history-2021-4">NASA's Curiosity rover</a> snapped the first clear picture of sun rays on Mars, which looks like a ghostly white-tinged sunset.The rover took the ethereal photo on February 2, as the sun set behind a group of twilight clouds. These clouds hang at an unusually high altitude, which suggests they are probably made of carbon dioxide ice — also known as dry ice. NASA <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/9358/nasas-curiosity-views-first-sun-rays-on-mars/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">released</a> the eerie image on Monday.The sun's rays shine through the alien clouds, illuminating them with muted hues of green and pink.Curiosity also captured a feather-shaped iridescent cloud hanging over Mars that appears to glow pink, green, and blue, in the image below.<div type="image" title="image of iridescent feather-shaped cloud over Mars" height="1163" width="1550" msid="98484947" hostid="261" sizebytes="15732"></div>"Where we see iridescence, it means a cloud's particle sizes are identical to their neighbors in each part of the cloud," atmospheric scientist Mark Lemmon said in the <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/9358/nasas-curiosity-views-first-sun-rays-on-mars/">release</a>. "By looking at color transitions, we're seeing particle size changing across the cloud. That tells us about the way the cloud is evolving and how its particles are changing size over time."Both brilliant pictures were assembled from a series of 28 images that the rover sent back to Earth, and they were edited to "emphasize the highlights," according to NASA.The sunset portraits expand on a survey the Curiosity rover conducted in 2021, where it watched pearly, shining twilight clouds pass overhead. <div type="image" title="curiosity rover spots iridescent mother of pearl clouds on mars" height="285" width="1041" msid="98484949" hostid="261" sizebytes="10218"></div>The new survey relies more on Curiosity's color camera. The observations began in January and run until mid-March, so Curiosity should be sending NASA scientists lots of new information about these spectacular clouds.<div type="image" title="curiosity rover spots twilight clouds on mars" height="600" width="1041" msid="98484951" hostid="261" sizebytes="6862"></div>Clouds are rare on Mars, since there isn't much water in the planet's atmosphere. Martian air has just 1% the density of Earth's atmosphere. When clouds do appear, it's mostly around the Martian equator during the coldest part of its year, when the planet's orbit takes it furthest from the sun.

Ghostly photos from NASA's Curiosity rover reveal beautiful, rare clouds and the first sun rays ever spotted on Mars

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A fireball lit up a neighborhood and passed over Toronto early Saturday morning.</li><li>The object's impact on Earth was predicted, marking the sixth time in history that has occurred.</li></ul>A vibrant fireball that flashed across the night sky in the early hours of Saturday morning passed over the skyline of Toronto, Canada, before colliding with Earth near Niagara Falls.The fireball was captured in several videos, including <a href="https://twitter.com/esaoperations/status/1593912958509367296?s=20&amp;t=ifBAyfSjSEaoQM8PYnwnfA">one</a> that showed it appearing to pass by the city's CN Tower. Another <a href="https://twitter.com/SarahGorsline/status/1593954279752192000?s=20&amp;t=ifBAyfSjSEaoQM8PYnwnfA">video</a>, taken from a security camera at the front door of a home, showed the fireball light up the entire sky over the neighborhood before zooming past.The <a href="https://www.esa.int/Space_Safety/Planetary_Defence/Fifth_asteroid_ever_discovered_before_impact">European Space Agency</a> said the event marked only the sixth time in history the impact of a space object with Earth was successfully predicted. The agency said while most asteroid collisions with Earth are only discovered after the fact from evidence like craters, the number of occasions in which a space rock is detected before it strikes is <a href="https://www.esa.int/Space_Safety/Planetary_Defence/Fifth_asteroid_ever_discovered_before_impact">growing</a>.In fact, all six detections have taken place since 2008, according to ESA, which said continued improvement in sky scanning telescopes will likely make detection of smaller objects — which frequently strike Earth — more common.Large asteroids, on the other hand, are much easier to spot.Saturday's fireball was anticipated by amateur and professional astronomers in the hours before it struck. The <a href="https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22W69.html">Minor Planet Center</a>, which <a href="https://minorplanetcenter.net/">monitors asteroids</a>, said a fast-moving object was detected by the <a href="https://news.arizona.edu/file/426130">Mount Lemmon Survey</a> near Tucson, Arizona, triggering a "warning of an imminent impact."The MPC said seven observatories were able to spot the object before it entered the Earth's atmosphere at around 3:27 a.m. ET over Brantford, Ontario. The object was less than 1 meter in size, according to the ESA.The term fireball is used to refer to exceptionally bright meteors, commonly called shooting stars, that can be seen over a wide area. "Objects causing fireballs are usually not large enough to survive passage through the Earth's atmosphere intact, although fragments, or meteorites, are sometimes recovered on the ground," according to <a href="https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/fireballs/intro.html">NASA</a>.Mike Hankey of the American Meteor Society told <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/19/science/fireball-asteroid-toronto-new-york.html">The New York Times</a> its possible meteorites — debris from a space object — from Saturday's event could be discovered near Niagara Falls.

Videos captured a fireball flashing across the Toronto skyline before it struck Earth near Niagara Falls

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasas-curiosity-rover-discover-mars-climate-history-2021-4">NASA's Curiosity rover</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-curiosity-rover-mars-spotted-climbing-mont-mercou-2021-5">photographed</a> iridescent <keyword id="49873" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="clouds">clouds</keyword> drifting through the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-rover-best-photos-100-days-on-mars-2021-6">Martian skies</a>.</li><li>These rare clouds seem to be made of frozen carbon dioxide - dry ice - rather than <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-first-mars-landing-zhurong-rover-and-lander-2021-5">water</a>.</li><li>Some "mother of pearl" clouds made a colorful, shimmering display at sunset.</li></ul><keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> is not a colorful place. For miles, the dusty landscape - land and sky - offers only a muted reddish-brown. But that changed earlier this year when a batch of rare iridescent clouds rolled over <keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s Curiosity rover.The robot beamed several photos of the pearly Mars clouds back to Earth in March, and NASA published them last week. The images show shimmering wisps drifting across grey Martian skies and scattering light from the setting sun."I always marvel at the colors that show up: reds and greens and blues and purples," Mark Lemmon, an atmospheric scientist at the Space <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> Institute in Boulder, Colorado, said in a NASA <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-s-curiosity-rover-captures-shining-clouds-on-mars">press release</a>. "It's really cool to see something shining with lots of color on Mars."<div type="image" title="curiosity rover spots iridescent mother of pearl clouds on mars" height="285" width="1041" msid="83220272" hostid="261"></div>Clouds are a rare occurrence on Mars, since there isn't much water in the planet's atmosphere, and the air there has just 1% the density of Earth's atmosphere. So clouds mostly appear just around the Martian equator during the coldest part of its year, when the planet's orbit takes it furthest from the sun. The next time it will reach that furthest point, called aphelion, will be in July.Curiosity is exploring a 96-mile-wide crater near the equator, so it gets to see some clouds as Mars approaches aphelion. But one Martian year ago (two Earth years ago), such clouds arrived months earlier than scientists expected.So this year, they were better prepared. When the early clouds returned in late January, Curiosity was ready to photograph them. The clouds continued to drift over the rover through March.<div type="image" title="curiosity rover spots twilight clouds on mars" height="600" width="1041" msid="83220274" hostid="261"></div>Scientists now think these clouds are made of frozen carbon dioxide - dry ice, rather than water ice. That conclusion came after researchers analyzed Curiosity's images to see how the setting sun's light reflected off the ice crystals inside the clouds - which gives a hint at how high in the sky the clouds were. The researchers determined that these early-arrival clouds were drifting at higher altitudes than normal Martian clouds. It's much colder at high altitudes, and water ice is unlikely there.Curiosity also snapshotted some especially iridescent wisps of dry ice, called "mother of pearl" clouds. <div type="image" title="curiosity rover clouds drift over mount sharp" height="636" width="1041" msid="83220276" hostid="261"></div>"If you see a cloud with a shimmery pastel set of colors in it, that's because the cloud particles are all nearly identical in size," Lemmon said. "That's usually happening just after the clouds have formed and have all grown at the same rate."<h2>Curiosity is climbing a mountain</h2>When it's not turning an eye to the skies, Curiosity is studying the Martian ground.The rover landed in the planet's Gale Crater in 2012. In its first two years there, Curiosity confirmed that Gale Crater was once a lake filled with the chemical ingredients for life. <div type="image" title="mars curiosity rover self portrait" height="2685" width="3581" msid="83220277" hostid="261"></div>Then NASA gave the rover a new assignment: Now it's slowly climbing the 3-mile-high mountain at the crater's center, called Mount Sharp.Each era of Mars' history left marks on the mountain - there are layers of sediment from the flow of an ancient river, clay that once settled at the bottom of the lake, and dust and sand that blew across a dry valley. As the rover climbs, it's getting a chronological tour of Martian history.In those rock layers, the rover recently discovered signs that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasas-curiosity-rover-discover-mars-climate-history-2021-4">Mars' ancient lakes dried up then returned again before disappearing completely</a>. Curiosity has also sniffed out <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8452/curiositys-mars-methane-mystery-continues/?site=msl">mysterious spikes in the Martian atmosphere's methane levels</a>, measured the red planet's <a href="https://www.space.com/43187-curiosity-mars-rover-mount-sharp-mystery-gravity.html">gravitational fields</a>, and unearthed evidence that <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8522/nasas-curiosity-rover-finds-an-ancient-oasis-on-mars/?site=msl">small, salty ponds</a> were left behind as Mars dried up.

NASA's Curiosity rover captured rare photos of pearly, iridescent clouds on Mars

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.mcbhawaii.marines.mil/News/NewsArticleDisplay/tabid/6999/Article/103832/honoring-their-brothers.aspx">Staff Sgt. Mark Fayloga via U.S. Marine Corps</a></div></div><keyword id="6359526" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Military">Military</keyword> family members are now getting bad news wrapped in huge bills as government <keyword id="6355784" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="death">death</keyword> and survivor funds stop flowing, Gayle Tzemach Lemmon, a senior fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations, <a href="http://www.defenseone.com/management/2013/10/shutdown-shame-denying-troop-death-benefits/71480/?oref=d-skybox">reported in Defense One today.</a>
Lemmon outlines how the recent deaths of five troops in combat will add financial loss to untold emotional loss for their families:
Until the shutdown ends, none of their families can expect to receive the "death gratuity" of $100,000 promised to immediately reach them within 24 to 36 hours. Grieving families also cannot expect the military to cover all the usual costs of family travel to meet their loved ones returning home for burial in American flag-draped coffins through Dover Air Force Base. And if the shutdown continues into November, monthly survivor benefits are in jeopardy because the Department of Veterans Affairs has warned it will be out of cash to pay them.
While politicians use <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/oct/02/wwii-memorial-veterans-political-pawns">troops as props and punchlines</a>, the military is actually suffering.
Despite the hastily assembled Pay Our Military Act, troops heading to war don't know if their <a href="http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/10/08/incentive-pay-in-danger-if-shutdown-goes-15-days.html?comp=700001075741&amp;rank=1">imminent danger pay</a> will be paid, not to mention their death gratuity.
Meanwhile stateside, veterans find themselves <a href="http://blog.al.com/breaking/2013/10/post_1247.html">at odds with a short-staffed</a> Veteran's Administration, which even fully staffed suffered countless problems.
Training for active duty and reserve troops <a href="http://www.airforcetimes.com/article/20131003/NEWS05/310030039/Furloughs-hit-training-education-first-week-shutdown">was cut short</a> as the more civilian employees needed to run courses were furloughed.
Even <a href="http://www.armytimes.com/article/20131003/NEWS05/310030026/TDY-travel-canceled-by-government-shutdown-some-exceptions">travel to schools for troops</a> trying to further their military careers has experienced a bit of a hiccup, not to mention more routine, easily overlooked expenditures.
<a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/the-hero-project/articles/2013/10/07/the-government-shutdown-s-hidden-cost-to-the-u-s-military.html">Jacob Siegel of The Daily Beast writes:</a>
Essential national-security missions have not yet been affected, but nearly every kind of routine activity, from training to food shopping, is suspended or uncertain. And the prevailing feeling among soldiers is that the longer the shutdown goes on, the worse it will get.
"A week won't make a significant difference," said one Army officer. "Two weeks and you might start to see readiness issues."
Finally, troops returning from war and grieving families will face a bureaucratic nightmare when trying to get benefits and compensation from the understaffed, backlogged Department of <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Defense">Defense</keyword>.

US Military Won't Compensate Families For Dead Soldiers During Government Shutdown

NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has been exploring the Red Planet for more than a decade, and just last year set a new record for traveling farther than any other off-world rover in history.The rover has driven more than 25 miles on the surface of Mars and during its travels it has taken countless selfies and panoramas, but perhaps the most stunning images in its collection are of this blue Martian sunset, which NASA has compiled into this stunning movie, shown in the Vine below.<div><div></div></div>&#xa0;Opportunity has been exploring a region near Mars' equator, where an average temperature on a summer day can reach up to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Not bad for a planet more than 140 million miles from the sun. However, without any clouds and only a thin atmosphere to help insulate the planet, after the sun sets, Mars temperatures readily drop to minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit.And the blue sun in the stunning sunset above is a chilling reminder of the cold temperatures that will follow. The reason that Mars' sky appears red during the day and ignites with a brilliant blue during sunset is because of the red dust drifting through the thin atmosphere."The blue color comes from the way Mars' dust scatters light. The blue light is scattered less, and so it stays near the sun in the sky, while red and green are all over the sky," said Mark Lemmon, an associate professor of planetary sciences at Texas A&amp;M University, in a <a href="http://geonews.tamu.edu/latestnews/778-martian-sunsets-dusty-and-blue-not-like-earths.html">university state mtn</a>. "On Earth, blue light is scattered all over by gas molecules, but there are not enough of these on Mars, which has less than 1 percent of Earth's atmosphere, to accomplish this."Check out this <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZExs9KVj20">50-second video</a> of the Martian sunset:<div><div></div></div> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mars-mysterious-plume-cloud-study-2015-2">Scientists are dumbfounded by a mysterious cloud on Mars</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="JqZTdoczp-ZOaSBDl3trL2kZ2hcVOMTA" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Incredible Vine shows an icy blue sunset on Mars

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="Kevin Winter/Getty Images" title_caption="The cast and crew of " Birdman="" take="" the="" stage="" to="" accept="" best="" picture="" award="" at="" Oscars.="" class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/54eaba6f6da8113411fe8b83-960/birdman-best-picture.jpg"></a>Kevin Winter/Getty ImagesThe cast and crew of "Birdman" take the stage to accept the best picture award at the 87th Oscars.</div></div></div>"Birdman" went home the big winner of the 87th Academy Awards.The film won a total of four Oscars including best picture and best director.Eddie Redmayne and Julianne Moore were among the other big winners of the night.See all of the Oscar winners below. Winners are highlighted in bold.Best Picture"American Sniper" "Birdman" "Boyhood" "The Grand Budapest Hotel" "The Imitation Game" "Selma" "The Theory of Everything" "Whiplash" Best ActorSteve Carell in "Foxcatcher" Bradley Cooper in "American Sniper" Benedict Cumberbatch in "The Imitation Game" Michael Keaton in "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Eddie Redmayne in "The Theory of Everything"Best ActressMarion Cotillard in "Two Days, One Night" Felicity Jones in "The Theory of Everything" Julianne Moore in "Still Alice" Rosamund Pike in "Gone Girl" Reese Witherspoon in "Wild"Best Supporting ActressPatricia Arquette in "Boyhood" Laura Dern in "Wild" Keira Knightley in "The Imitation Game" Emma Stone in "Birdman" Meryl Streep in "Into the Woods"Best Supporting ActorRobert Duvall in "The Judge" Ethan Hawke in "Boyhood" Edward Norton in "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Mark Ruffalo in "Foxcatcher" J.K. Simmons in "Whiplash"Best DirectorAlejandro G. Iñárritu "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Richard Linklater "Boyhood" Bennett Miller "Foxcatcher" Wes Anderson "The Grand Budapest Hotel" Morten Tyldum "The Imitation Game" Best Animated Feature Film"Big Hero 6" Don Hall, Chris Williams, and Roy Conli "The Boxtrolls" Anthony Stacchi, Graham Annable, and Travis Knight "How to Train Your Dragon 2" Dean DeBlois, and Bonnie Arnold "Song of the Sea" Tomm Moore and Paul Young "The Tale of the Princess Kaguya" Isao Takahata and Yoshiaki NishimuraBest Documentary Feature"CitizenFour" Laura Poitras, Mathilde Bonnefoy, and Dirk Wilutzky "Finding Vivian Maier" John Maloof and Charlie Siskel "Last Days in Vietnam" Rory Kennedy and Keven McAlester "The Salt of the Earth" Wim Wenders, Juliano Ribeiro Salgado, and David Rosier "Virunga" Orlando von Einsiedel and Joanna NatasegaraBest Original Song"Everything Is Awesome" from "The Lego Movie" Music and Lyric by Shawn Patterson "Glory" from "Selma" Music and Lyric by John Stephens and Lonnie Lynn "Grateful" from "Beyond the Lights" Music and Lyric by Diane Warren "I'm Not Gonna Miss You" from "Glen Campbell…I'll Be Me" Music and Lyric by Glen Campbell and Julian Raymond "Lost Stars" from "Begin Again" Music and Lyric by Gregg Alexander and Danielle BriseboisAchievement in music written for motion pictures (Original score)"The Grand Budapest Hotel" Alexandre Desplat "The Imitation Game" Alexandre Desplat "Interstellar" Hans Zimmer "Mr. Turner" Gary Yershon "The Theory of Everything" Jóhann JóhannssonAchievement in cinematography"Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Emmanuel Lubezki "The Grand Budapest Hotel" Robert Yeoman "Ida" Lukasz Zal and Ryszard Lenczewski "Mr. Turner" Dick Pope "Unbroken" Roger DeakinsAchievement in costume design"The Grand Budapest Hotel" Milena Canonero "Inherent Vice" Mark Bridges "Into the Woods" Colleen Atwood "Maleficent" Anna B. Sheppard and Jane Clive "Mr. Turner" Jacqueline DurranBest documentary short subject"Crisis Hotline: Veterans Press 1" Ellen Goosenberg Kent and Dana Perry "Joanna" Aneta Kopacz "Our Curse" Tomasz Sliwinski and Maciej Slesicki "The Reaper (La Parka)" Gabriel Serra Arguello "White Earth" J. Christian JensenAchievement in film editing"American Sniper" Joel Cox and Gary D. Roach "Boyhood" Sandra Adair "The Grand Budapest Hotel" Barney Pilling "The Imitation Game" William Goldenberg "Whiplash" Tom CrossBest foreign-language film of the year"Ida" Poland "Leviathan" Russia "Tangerines" Estonia "Timbuktu" Mauritania "Wild Tales" ArgentinaAchievement in makeup and hairstyling"Foxcatcher" Bill Corso and Dennis Liddiard "The Grand Budapest Hotel" Frances Hannon and Mark Coulier "Guardians of the Galaxy" Elizabeth Yianni-Georgiou and David WhiteAchievement in production design"The Grand Budapest Hotel" Production Design: Adam Stockhausen; Set Decoration: Anna Pinnock "The Imitation Game" Production Design: Maria Djurkovic; Set Decoration: Tatiana Macdonald "Interstellar" Production Design: Nathan Crowley; Set Decoration: Gary Fettis "Into the Woods" Production Design: Dennis Gassner; Set Decoration: Anna Pinnock "Mr. Turner" Production Design: Suzie Davies; Set Decoration: Charlotte WattsBest animated short film"The Bigger Picture" Daisy Jacobs and Christopher Hees "The Dam Keeper" Robert Kondo and Dice Tsutsumi "Feast" Patrick Osborne and Kristina Reed "Me and My Moulton" Torill Kove "A Single Life" Joris OprinsBest live-action short film"Aya" Oded Binnun and Mihal Brezis "Boogaloo and Graham" Michael Lennox and Ronan Blaney "Butter Lamp (La Lampe Au Beurre De Yak)" Hu Wei and Julien Féret "Parvaneh" Talkhon Hamzavi and Stefan Eichenberger "The Phone Call" Mat Kirkby and James LucasAchievement in sound editing"American Sniper" Alan Robert Murray and Bub Asman "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Martín Hernández and Aaron Glascock "The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies" Brent Burge and Jason Canovas "Interstellar" Richard King "Unbroken" Becky Sullivan and Andrew DeCristofaroAchievement in sound mixing"American Sniper" John Reitz, Gregg Rudloff and Walt Martin "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Jon Taylor, Frank A. Montaño, and Thomas Varga "Interstellar" Gary A. Rizzo, Gregg Landaker, and Mark Weingarten "Unbroken" Jon Taylor, Frank A. Montaño, and David Lee "Whiplash" Craig Mann, Ben Wilkins, and Thomas CurleyAchievement in visual effects"Captain America: The Winter Soldier" Dan DeLeeuw, Russell Earl, Bryan Grill and Dan Sudick "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes" Joe Letteri, Dan Lemmon, Daniel Barrett and Erik Winquist "Guardians of the Galaxy" Stephane Ceretti, Nicolas Aithadi, Jonathan Fawkner and Paul Corbould "Interstellar" Paul Franklin, Andrew Lockley, Ian Hunter and Scott Fisher "X-Men: Days of Future Past" Richard Stammers, Lou Pecora, Tim Crosbie and Cameron WaldbauerAdapted screenplay"American Sniper" Written by Jason Hall "The Imitation Game" Written by Graham Moore "Inherent Vice" Written for the screen by Paul Thomas Anderson "The Theory of Everything" Screenplay by Anthony McCarten "Whiplash" Written by Damien ChazelleOriginal screenplay"Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" Written by Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Nicolás Giacobone, Alexander Dinelaris, Jr. &amp; Armando Bo "Boyhood" Written by Richard Linklater "Foxcatcher" Written by E. Max Frye and Dan Futterman "The Grand Budapest Hotel" Screenplay by Wes Anderson; Story by Wes Anderson &amp; Hugo Guinness "Nightcrawler" Written by Dan Gilroy <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/furious-7-super-bowl-trailer-2015-2">The new 'Furious 7' trailer is ridiculous</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="5tYTk0czrA2o5NIIsM8n3M8EZN2mWsSC" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

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