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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Alaias Bertrand lost 75 pounds by focusing on her health over her appearance.</li><li>She had previously tried a series of fad diets, but they made her obsess over food.</li></ul>Alaias Bertrand lost 75 pounds in three years and has kept the weight off for seven years. After years of failing to hit her <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-lose-weight-and-keep-it-off">weight loss goal</a>, she realized the key to success was in making the journey enjoyable. As a high school freshman, Bertrand, now a 25-year-old content creator and marketer based in Florida, was told by a doctor that she qualified as obese. It came as a shock but prompted her to evaluate her daily habits and decide to lose weight. Growing up, she played a lot of sports, but her diet was poor. "I really didn't have any form of diet or care. I would just eat whatever I wanted whenever I wanted," Bertrand told Business Insider. "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ultra-processed-foods-linked-early-death-study-2024-5">Super processed</a>, high carbs and sodium, and most likely also sweets because I'm such a sweet tooth." Bertrand initially tried to lose weight through restrictive diets, including keto and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intermittent-fasting-benefits-and-risks-for-longevity-weight-loss-cancer-2024-4">intermittent fasting</a>, but they made her preoccupied with what she was eating and didn't work long-term. "I feel like I've tried everything under the sun. Nothing was working," she said. Looking back at her habits, Bertrand said it was when she started prioritizing her health over her weight that she naturally started to lose weight. Bertrand shared the three biggest lessons she learned from her <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/woman-lost-75-pounds-making-2-simple-lifestyle-changes-2024-10">weight loss journey</a>. <div type="image" title="Alaias Bertrand stands on a tennis court, holding a tennis racket." height="2048" width="1365" msid="115114923" hostid="261"></div><h2>1) You can't shame yourself into losing weight</h2>When Bertrand was limiting what she ate to lose weight, it was coming from a place of shame, she said. And it didn't work. She didn't like the way her body looked, and she believed she needed to change it to be able to love and accept herself. "When I first started, I thought I honestly hated myself, which it breaks my heart to say, but I really did not have a lot of confidence," she said. Once she started making healthier lifestyle choices, such as <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/doctors-prescribing-fruit-vegetables-kids-adults-eat-healthier-heart-health-2023-8">eating more fresh produce</a>, she naturally felt better in her body. This made her realize that she never disliked herself but rather the choices she was making. Over time, her adjustments became less about needing to look a certain way and more about feeling a certain way. "I want to feel good in my body. I want to feel confident," she said. <h2>2) Find healthy habits you enjoy</h2>Bertrand learned that finding <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/healthy-habits-fit-throughout-life-personal-trainer-2024-7">healthy habits</a> you enjoy is key to <keyword id="21221996" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="sustainable-weight-loss" source="keywords">sustainable weight loss</keyword>. Losing weight healthily means leading a <keyword id="19956649" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="healthy-lifestyle" source="keywords">healthy lifestyle</keyword> and being consistent, she said. Picking something for six months and then stopping isn't going to work, which is why, she said, it helps to pick habits you would be happy to do every day. "If you love walking and you're like, I can walk every day for the rest of my life, then do that," she said. "It is going to add so much value into your life, and it doesn't feel like a strain." <h2>3) Find someone to hold you accountable</h2> <div type="image" title="A group of girls wearing matching sport team T-shirts smile at the camera." height="4032" width="3024" msid="115114929" hostid="261"></div>If you want to lose fat or start eating healthier, find someone to hold you accountable, she said. Friends or a community, as well as a coach or a trainer, are all good options. Adding a social element to your fat loss journey will likely help you stick with it, Bertrand, who was part of her college track and field team, said. In a longitudinal 2015 study published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine that analyzed weight data from 1,556 older married or cohabitating couples in England, people with BMI readings considered overweight or obese were more likely to lose weight over a four-year period if they had partners with high BMI readings who lost weight during that time as well. Correction: November 13, 2024 — An earlier version of this story incorrectly described a finding of the JAMA Internal Medicine study. The study's analysis of weight loss was based on measured weight loss, not whether either partner was trying to lose weight. The story was also updated with more context about that finding.

A woman who lost 75 pounds shares the 3 biggest lessons she learned about losing weight and keeping it off

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Boeing reported a third-quarter loss of $6.1 billion on Wednesday.</li><li>Its newly-installed CEO Kelly Ortberg said it will "take time to return Boeing to its former legacy."</li></ul><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-strike-rising-tension-complaint-union-nlrb-2024-10">Boeing</a> reported a net loss of $6.1 billion in the third quarter of 2024, as it grapples with limited production, a machinist strike, and customer frustrations.Wednesday's earnings report compared with a loss of $1.44 billion in the previous quarter. While revenue increased 5.8% to $17.84 billion, it was still slightly lower than analyst's expectations. A core loss per share of $10.44 was similar to Wall Street predictions."It will take time to return Boeing to its former legacy, but with the right focus and culture, we can be an iconic company and aerospace leader once again," said Boeing CEO Kelly Ortberg."Going forward, we will be focused on fundamentally changing the culture, stabilizing the business, and improving program execution, while setting the foundation for the future of Boeing," he added.The big losses come at a turbulent period for the planemaker. Its stock is down 36% since the start of the year.Ortberg took over in August after his predecessor, Dave Calhoun, left amid customers' frustrations in the wake of January's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-737-max-blowout-alaska-flight-attendant-doesnt-feel-safe-2024-8">Alaska Airlines blowout</a>.He has had to contend with supply-chain constraints, certification delays, a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-starliner-spacecraft-returns-to-earth-without-nasa-astronauts-2024-9">struggling space division</a>, and the strike during his two months in charge.<h2 id="f98cbbb8-3cb6-49a7-a123-98c1202b0078">Striking workers set to vote on new offer</h2><div type="image" title="A strike sign is pictured outside a Boeing factory on September 13, 2024 in Renton, Washington. The Boeing Machinists union voted overwhelmingly to reject the airplane maker's contract offer and strike" height="5760" width="8276" msid="114508308" hostid="261" sizebytes="1119996"></div>Later on Wednesday, some 33,000 union members who have been on strike for 40 days are set to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-union-leaders-deal-strike-wage-increase-2024-10">vote on the company's third contract offer</a>.It could put an end to the tense situation estimated to have cost Boeing over $5 billion, according to an analysis from Anderson Economic Group shared with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2024/10/13/business/boeing-strike-one-month-five-billion-dollars/index.html">CNN</a>.Bank of America analysts said in a Sunday report they're optimistic about union members voting to end the strike, because the acting Labor Secretary, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-strike-us-labor-secretary-traveled-julie-su-negotiate-union-2024-10">Julie Su</a>, mediated negotiations.Earlier this month, Boeing announced plans to lay off 10% of its workforce — around 17,000 people — plus a further delay to its much-anticipated <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/see-inside-boeing-777x-test-aircraft-biggest-twin-engine-airliner-2023-8">777X</a> program.Sir Tim Clark, the president of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/emirates-boeing-777x-delays-plans-serious-conversation-strike-2024-10">Emirates</a> — the largest 777X customer — subsequently criticized Boeing and said they would have "a serious conversation."Days after the layoff announcement, Boeing said in regulatory filings that it had entered a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-raising-10-billion-strike-job-cuts-2024-10">$10 billion credit agreement</a> with four major banks, and said it may sell up to $25 billion in securities."These are two prudent steps to support the company's access to liquidity," Boeing said in a statement.

Boeing's new CEO vows to make it 'iconic' again after posting $6.1 billion loss in his 1st earnings

<ul class="summary-list"><li>GLP-1 medications are breakthroughs for weight loss, diabetes, and more.</li><li>Pharma companies are clamoring to produce pills or longer-lasting drugs with faster effects.</li></ul>In the race to find Ozempic 2.0, a few stand-outs are emerging.While <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/weight-loss-glp-1-drugs-ozempic-wegovy-mounjaro-effects-future-2023-12">GLP-1 drugs</a> have paved the way for a new era of healthcare, they have some drawbacks. They need to be injected (a draw-back for some patients), that injection must be administered once a week for effects to last, and manufacturers struggled to keep up with demand.Competition is on the way: Dozens of experimental new weight-loss medications are in development as biotech companies race to get a slice of a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/economic-outlook-ozempic-economy-obesity-gdp-productivity-healthcare-novo-nordisk-2024-3">market forecast to be worth $100 billion</a>.Some are combining multiple hormones at once for enhanced effects to regulate appetite, blood sugar, and digestion. Some are trying to package these sought-after ingredients into pill form, or injectables that last longer.The next breakthrough drug may not be available until at least 2027, but the leading candidates in production give a good sense of what this market could look like in years to come."Anti-obesity medications are emerging at an astonishing pace," Dr. Christopher McGowan, a gastroenterologist and obesity medicine specialist, told Business Insider. "Forthcoming medications take the blockbuster GLP-1 medications and up the ante."<h2 id="03229fa8-bff6-4bcd-964c-60199e80d187">A new triple-action injection from Eli Lilly</h2>Why it's interesting: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-weight-loss-and-diabetes-drug-retatrutide-awaits-further-testing-2022-12">Retatrutide</a> is a next-gen medication that acts on three different hormones, earning it the nickname <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/retatrutide-patients-lose-more-weight-than-ozempic-wegovy-mounjaro-2023-6">Triple-G.</a>That means it could lead to more weight loss than current medications like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro, comparable to bariatric surgery.How it works: Eli Lilly's retatrutide drug is administered the same way as the market leaders Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, and Zepbound: it's a once-weekly injection.What's unique is the substance.Like semaglutide (the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy), it works on GLP-1, a hormone that regulates blood sugar and appetite.Like tirzepatide (the drug in Mounjaro and Zepbound), it also works on GIP, a hormone that manages blood sugar.Uniquely, retatrutide has an additional effect, mimicking another hormone called glucagon, which may help increase the body's energy use. The idea is that it promotes weight loss by not only curbing appetite, but also burning more calories.Current research: The <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2301972">results of mid-stage trials</a> found that patients taking retatrutide lost an average of 58 pounds in 11 months, more and faster weight loss than has been seen with drugs currently on the market.Timeline: Retatrutide is currently being studied in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://trials.lilly.com/en-US/trial/405675">Phase III trials</a> which are scheduled to be completed in early 2026.<h2 id="e636601d-d064-4676-851b-b8a28f3debbe">A faster-acting weight-loss drug that could be a pill or injection</h2>Why it's interesting: Early research suggests <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/viking-therapeutics-weight-loss-drug-ozempic-glp-1-agonists-2024-2">VK2735</a>, from California-based Viking Therapeutics, could work faster than competitors like semaglutide and tirzepatide.How it works: VK2735 acts on both GLP-1 and GIP, similar to tirzepatide (the active ingredient in Mounjaro and Zepbound).It's being tested in pill form as well as a once-weekly injection.Current research: A <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://ir.vikingtherapeutics.com/2024-02-27-Viking-Therapeutics-Announces-Positive-Top-Line-Results-from-Phase-2-VENTURE-Trial-of-Dual-GLP-1-GIP-Receptor-Agonist-VK2735-in-Patients-with-Obesity">mid-stage trial</a> found patients on VK2735 lost an average of 14.7% of their body weight (about 32 pounds) by 13 weeks.It hasn't been directly tested against other medications but the results are comparable to what we've seen in trials of semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) after 68 weeks. That suggests similar weight loss but in a fraction of the time.Timeline: Viking Therapeutics <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://ir.vikingtherapeutics.com/2024-10-23-Viking-Therapeutics-Reports-Third-Quarter-2024-Financial-Results-and-Provides-Corporate-Update">recently announced</a> it would meet with the FDA about the end of Phase II for VK2735 injections before 2025. The oral form of VK2735 is expected to enter Phase II trials by the end of this year, too.<h2 id="77bb7c6c-1d1d-424d-aa59-728b114c2d15">Eli Lilly is racing to get the first weight-loss pill on the market</h2>Why it's interesting: Eli Lilly may beat Viking Therapeutics to get the first oral GLP-1 to market.Their drug orforglipron appeals to patients who can't or don't want to use injected medications. It is also expected to be cheaper, since it's easier to produce (orforglipron isn't a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/peptides-growth-hormone-hgh-new-health-fad-2023-9">peptide</a> like other GLP-1 drugs).However, the clock is ticking.Novo Nordisk already has an oral semaglutide to treat type 2 diabetes, sold under the brand name Rybelsus, and they're trialing a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ozempic-pill-semaglutide-helped-overweight-people-lose-weight-in-trial-2023-5">high-dose version of that pill that could be approved for weight loss</a>.How it works: The active ingredient in the daily pill is a small molecule which slow digestions and manages blood sugar and insulin, similar to semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy).Current research: <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2302392">Results from Phase II trials</a> found that people taking orforglipron lost between 9.4% and 14.7% of their body weight, on average, in 36 weeks.Timeline: Current <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05869903">late-stage trials</a> are expected to last into 2027.<h2 id="1e386d6d-423a-4b83-b3c7-70231a9cd219">Novo Nordisk is touting a stronger alternative to Ozempic that may be easier to produce at scale</h2>Why it's interesting: CagriSema is a once-weekly injection that combines semaglutide (active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy) with a compound targeting another hormone, cagrilintide. This combination is expected to help people lose significantly more weight than semaglutide alone, Novo Nordisk says.How it works: Cagrilintide mimics the effects of a naturally-occurring hormone to regulate appetite and digestion and lower blood sugar. CagriSema adds it to the already-popular drug semaglutide, which itself helps manage hunger and blood sugar levels.Novo's chief financial officer said in an earnings call that it would source cagrilintide from a third-party company, which could help with manufacturing. Supply issues and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/buy-compounded-semaglutide-online-risks-wegovy-ozempic-2023-1">shortages</a> have previously hampered its semaglutide products.Current research: One <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01163-7/abstract">early study</a> found patients lost more weight on CagriSema (about 15% weight loss over 32 weeks) than either semaglutide or cagrilintide alone.A Novo Nordisk executive told <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/novo-nordisk-says-its-experimental-drug-cagrisema-has-similar-side-effects-2024-11-06/">Reuters</a> that projections from the data suggest it could help people lose even more, up to 25% of their weight, over a longer timeline.Timeline: Phase III clinical trials for Cagrisema are ongoing and slated to last until late 2025. The drug could be available in 2026.<h2 id="f9e2452f-a8fe-47e5-a61d-209a3b2b28b3">A longer-lasting monthly shot from Amgen</h2>Why it's interesting: MariTide, from biotech company Amgen, could be a much longer-lasting treatment than current drugs. It only needs to be injected once a month — or even less frequently — compared to the once-weekly requirement for semaglutide and tirzepatide."Longer-acting versions of GLP-1 medications offer the potential for greater convenience and potentially improved adherence and sustained use over time," McGowan said.The catch is whether side effects might last longer, too.How it works: MariTide is similar to Mounjaro and Zepbound because it mimics GLP-1 and GIP hormones.The difference is that MariTide dials down GIP receptor activity. Amgen says this makes it easier for the body to burn fat."This is fascinating because it appears that both enhancing and opposing the GIP receptor influence weight regulation, which speaks to how little is still known about the actual weight-regulating mechanism of certain gut hormones," McGowan said.Current research: Patients in a <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=e053792e27a615fb7dda56aa0745b0c87c4f95e380ec169abcf45f1d1b11336c&amp;postID=673380d5d057d3e5c5d03443&amp;postSlug=upcoming-glp1-weight-loss-drugs-to-watch-2024-11&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs42255-023-00966-w">small early-stage study</a> lost 14.5% of body weight on average in 12 weeks. Those who got just a single dose lost an average 8.2% of their body weight.Timeline: Data from Phase II trials is <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.amgen.com/newsroom/press-releases/2024/10/amgen-reports-third-quarter-2024-financial-results">expected later this year</a>, and planning is underway for Phase III trials.

5 new weight-loss drugs to watch in the fight for the next Ozempic

Imagine if the reason you’re struggling with <keyword id="19923801" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="weight-gain" source="keywords">weight gain</keyword> wasn’t about the number of calories you eat or how much you hit the gym, but rather a hidden culprit inside your body — a misalignment between two powerful <keyword id="22853509" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="internal-clocks" source="keywords">internal clocks</keyword>: the one in your brain and the one in your liver. New research reveals that this mismatch could be driving unhealthy <keyword id="20000883" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="eating-habits" source="keywords">eating habits</keyword> and contributing to obesity, suggesting that fixing the timing of these body clocks might just be the key to tackling weight gain and metabolic issues. Your body’s <keyword id="20016193" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="circadian-rhythm" source="keywords">circadian rhythm</keyword>, or internal clock, is like the conductor of an orchestra, ensuring that everything — your sleep, digestion, and <keyword id="20025272" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="metabolism" source="keywords">metabolism</keyword> — runs on time. While your brain’s "master clock" is set by light, helping you follow a 24-hour day, your liver follows its own schedule, mostly governed by when you eat. When these two clocks get out of sync, like when you’re jetlagged or work night shifts, it can lead to chaos in your metabolism, triggering overeating and weight gain. A fascinating study in mice has uncovered that when the brain’s circadian rhythm doesn’t match up with the liver’s clock, it creates a disruption in eating patterns. Mice with a broken liver clock began to overeat, especially during their usual rest time—leading to unhealthy weight gain. However, when researchers severed the communication line between the liver and the brain (via a nerve called the hepatic vagal afferent nerve or HVAN), this overeating behavior was reduced, showing that the neural connection between the liver and brain could be a potential target to treat obesity. Why does this matter? Well, for humans, this could open a whole new avenue for tackling obesity and other metabolic diseases caused by disruptions in our body’s natural rhythms. It’s a breakthrough that points to the possibility of resetting the internal clocks to restore balance, curb overeating, and ultimately help people struggling with weight gain. This discovery isn’t just about fixing what you eat, but when you eat — unlocking a new understanding of how our body’s timing can make all the difference. So, next time you're battling the scale, it might not just be about diet or exercise — it could be time to check your body’s clocks and give them a tune-up. The findings of this research have been published in Science and can be accessed <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adn2786" data-type="tilCustomLink">here</a>.

Are your internal clocks messing with your weight? Here’s what new research says

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="23786456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mae-Suzuki" source="keywords">Mae Suzuki</keyword> was stuck in a cycle of <keyword id="23786455" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="restrictive-dieting" source="keywords">restrictive dieting</keyword> and binging for years.</li><li>She applied the technique of visualization, used by business titans such as Steve Jobs, and lost 40 pounds.</li></ul>For years, Mae Suzuki was stuck in a cycle of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/women-losing-periods-due-to-restrictive-dieting-over-exercising-2021-3">restrictive dieting</a> and binging that left her miserable. But when Suzuki started visualizing her dream self and following the habits she imagined she would have, she lost 40 pounds sustainably. The technique of visualization has been linked to improved musical ability, athletic performance, self-confidence, decision-making, and emotional regulation. Many successful entrepreneurs, including <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/steve-jobs">Steve Jobs</a>, are known to have used <keyword id="21023801" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="visualization-techniques" source="keywords">visualization techniques</keyword> throughout their careers, as well as Olympians such as Michael Phelps. Growing up, Suzuki, a YouTuber based in New York, was overweight and wasn't taught healthy eating habits, which made her feel different. "That sort of added to the whole shame around 'Why am I not fit? Why am I not healthy? Why do I feel different from everyone else around me?'" she told Business Insider. In spring 2023, the "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/weight-loss-glp-1-drugs-ozempic-wegovy-mounjaro-effects-future-2023-12">food noise</a>" and misery of yo-yo dieting reached a fever pitch, and she decided something had to change. Suzuki had discovered the concept of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/lucky-girl-syndrome-manifesting-success-jobs-money-economy-tiktok-2023-2">manifesting</a> — which she described as "basically creating whatever you want into your reality" — a few years earlier. She used the framework to examine her lifestyle and reimagine her ideal one. She started by reflecting deeply on what she wanted her life to look like, and envisioned her dream self. "I really sat down with myself and thought about, 'Who do I want to be? If I want to achieve things in my life, who do I have to become?' And it's not about being someone else other than myself, but it's more so discovering new extensions of myself," she said. Suzuki added: "I basically did an entire overhaul of my <keyword id="23786458" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="self-concept" source="keywords">self-concept</keyword>, my identity, basically like who's Mae? What does she do? What are her habits like? "And I also thought about what people who are at my goal, people who are fit and healthy, what are they doing?" Then, Suzuki made a promise to herself to gradually start living her life as that person. "I manifested by living the life of the person I wanted to become," she said. After six months, she reached her goal of losing 40 pounds and has maintained her weight since about October of last year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says losing about 4 to 8 pounds a month is healthy and sustainable. <div type="image" title="Suzuki on the beach before her weight loss." height="2268" width="3024" msid="114428139" hostid="261"></div><h2>Shifting the focus away from <keyword id="19923802" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="weight-loss" source="keywords">weight loss</keyword> and toward enjoyment and health</h2>Suzuki realized she was previously solely focused on losing weight, which led her to eating foods she didn't like and doing workouts she hated. "Everything that I thought revolved around 'how do I lose weight? How do I burn more calories?' That wasn't giving me joy at all," she said. In fact, it made everything feel like a chore, which was unsustainable. As she observed people who had <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/longevity-lifestyle-changes-live-longer-healthy-habits-genes-study-2024-5">healthy habits</a>, she noticed that they tended to be active simply because they enjoyed it. They might get off the bus a few stops early to walk the rest of the way home, for example, because they enjoyed the process. That was a perspective she had never considered before. "I had to kind of unpack all of these underlying mindsets that I had that clearly brought me to where I was. It wasn't working out for me," Suzuki said. This time, she focused on feeling strong, healthy, and happy. Once she stopped focusing on the things she didn't like in order to lose weight, she started to see gradual but sustained weight loss. <h2>She didn't restrict herself but didn't eat more than she needed</h2>In Suzuki's childhood home, there was a scarcity mentality in relation to food, she said. Her parents' <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/alices-ultra-rich-what-people-across-tax-brackets-discuss-therapy-2024-10">financial struggles</a> fostered a belief that she had to eat everything on her plate or else go hungry. And while that might have made sense at the time, as an adult it led Suzuki to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/avoid-overeating-at-thanksgiving-dinner-eat-slower-dietitian-2023-11">often overeat</a>. Instead, she allowed herself to eat until she was full and put the rest aside for later. "Food is abundant. If I'm hungry, I can go get a snack. So I don't feel like I need to overeat and be extremely full just so that I won't be hungry later on," she said. After years of restrictive dieting, she also let go of demonizing certain foods and glorifying others. Instead, she paid more attention to nutritional value, portion size, and flavor. She tracked what she ate to make sure she was in a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/diet-nutrition/benefits-of-calorie-deficit-diet">calorie deficit</a>— which means eating fewer calories than you burn — but wasn't strict about it, she said. "I don't have to eat five cups of salad every day. I just need to eat what I like and then feel full and then move on with my day. And if I'm hungry, I can get more food," she said. <div type="image" title="Mae Suzuki taking a mirror selfie at the gym." height="4032" width="2268" msid="114428142" hostid="261"></div><h2>Discovering <keyword id="21715184" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="weight-lifting" source="keywords">weight lifting</keyword></h2>In June, Suzuki joined her local gym and committed to going three to four times a week. She knew there would be times she didn't feel motivated but she just kept focusing on her goal until it became a habit. She tried as many different workout classes as she could, and discovered that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-weightlifter-made-running-habit-hybrid-training-2024-10">she loves lifting heavy but isn't so into cardio</a>. On days she doesn't feel like exercising, she leans on the workouts she knows she enjoys, like practicing <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gyms-outdated-cardio-no-squat-racks-2024-9">squats</a>. "I just want to move my body. I just want to feel good in my body," she said. Correction — October 21, 2024: A previous version of this story misstated a CDC recommendation on healthy weight loss. The CDC says a healthy weight-loss goal for most people is 4 to 8 pounds a month, not 10 pounds a month.

A woman lost 40 pounds by quitting strict diets that made her miserable. She started by visualizing 3 healthy habits her ideal self would keep.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>American consumers and businesses are having a hard time paying off credit card, auto, and commercial real estate debt.</li><li>US banks have increased their reserves in part to prepare for potential loan losses.</li></ul>US banks are having a harder time <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/credit-score/what-is-debt-collection">collecting debts</a>, so they're taking precautions.According to Federal Reserve data, the past-due debt share for <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/paid-off-credit-card-debt-solid-plan-2024-6">credit card</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/consumer-credit-card-debt-auto-loans-delinquency-economic-outlook-bofa-2024-9">auto</a>, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/commercial-real-estate-debt-property-losses-mortgage-interest-rates-prices-2024-7">commercial real estate</a> has recently risen to above pre-pandemic levels. The share of debt banks have written off as a loss because they couldn't collect it has also <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/chargeoff/chgallsa.htm">ticked up</a>, with the charge-off rate for two of these three loan types the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CORCCACBS">highest</a> they've been in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CORCREXFACBS">more than a decade</a>.Business Insider spoke to industry insiders who said this has prompted a response from big banks anticipating a continued increase in bad loans. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/largest-banks-us-list">US banks</a> have increased their reserves in recent years, effectively setting aside cash to cover potential loan losses.While it's commonplace for banks to increase their reserves as loan levels rise over time, reserves have started gradually making up a bigger share of total loans at firms like <a target="_blank" href="https://www.wellsfargo.com/assets/pdf/about/investor-relations/earnings/third-quarter-2024-earnings.pdf">Wells Fargo</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_9d388ee07cccbcc3c8dc5bafe2ea4aff/bankofamerica/db/775/10116/webcast_transcript/2024-10-15+BAC+3Q+Earnings+Call_ADA.pdf">Bank of America</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpmorganchase.com/content/dam/jpmc/jpmorgan-chase-and-co/investor-relations/documents/quarterly-earnings/2024/3rd-quarter/6bca0e4a-703c-4fff-8e70-f026f015fee5.pdf">JPMorgan</a>, and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.citigroup.com/rcs/citigpa/storage/public/Earnings/Q32024/3Q24-SUPP-ForWeb.pdf">Citigroup</a>. Since June 2022, Wells Fargo's and Bank of America's reserves have risen by about $1.8 billion and $2.4 billion respectively. Still, for context, these firms' cash coffers are still considerably lighter than they were during the Great Recession.<h2 id="3bd35426-2903-4a17-860b-981ba0e86427">America's 3 debt pain points</h2>Each month, the New York Fed <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.newyorkfed.org/microeconomics/sce#/debtexp-1">asks</a> roughly 1,300 Americans to estimate the chance they'll be unable to make a minimum debt payment over the next three months. Aside from the pandemic, Americans haven't been this pessimistic since 2017.Consumers' struggles to repay credit card and auto debt suggest that <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inflation-september-cpi-consumer-price-index-federal-reserve-interest-rates-2024-10">inflation</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fed-cuts-interest-rates-how-much-september-fomc-powell-inflation-2024-9">interest rates</a>, while moderating in recent months, are still taking a toll on their finances. Additionally, businesses' struggles to pack back commercial real estate debt show that factors like elevated interest rates and the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/office-market-interest-rates-commercial-real-estate-federal-reserve-pandemic-2024-9">remote work revolution</a> are still having lingering effects.Here's a closer look at each of the three debt categories:<h3 id="df61242d-618b-4bfb-824d-874b5a53ce4d">Credit card debt</h3>As of the second quarter of this year, more than <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/DRCCLACBS">3%</a> of all credit card accounts in the US had past-due balances — up from less than 2% in 2021.The steady uptick in past-due credit card debt over such a short period of time provides some cause for concern, Bruce McClary, a nonprofit credit counselor and senior vice president at the National Foundation for Credit Counseling, told BI."What we are seeing is that people are struggling to repay debt while continuing to use up what is left of their available credit — forcing more people to start falling behind on their payments and into the hands of debt collectors," he said.David Schiff, senior managing director at FTI, told BI that prolonged debt-repayment problems will eventually present a bigger risk to the economy.The increase in reserves raises "real concerns about the softness of certain assets classes — specifically ongoing uncertainty around the commercial real estate market, and increasing worry about the number of revolving credit card customers and their rapidly growing balances," Schiff told BI.<h3 id="2c271636-eeeb-43a1-a28b-b69f0c808b83">Auto debt</h3>A Federal Reserve <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/rising-auto-loan-delinquencies-and-high-monthly-payments-20240926.html">report</a> published on September 26 found that auto loan delinquency rates rose "substantially" above pre-pandemic levels by the end of 2023, driven in large part by growth in monthly debt payments.In fact, a growing number of Americans owe more than their cars are worth, according to a <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=76e351eb917843c15c21c91acd7d8e92304c81583e3e5bb129c38093d6e7aff2&amp;postID=67114ad8434c477c23344eb6&amp;postSlug=big-banks-preparing-loan-loss-credit-card-auto-debt-cre-2024-10&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edmunds.com%2Findustry%2Fpress%2Fnegative-equity-on-the-rise-the-average-amount-owed-on-upside-down-car-loans-hit-an-all-time-high-in-q3-2024-according-to-edmunds.html%3Futm_source%3Dsubstack%26utm_medium%3Demail">report</a> published on October 15 by the automotive website Edmunds. Stephen Biggar, director of financial services research at Argus Research, told Business Insider that if a bank is forced to repossess such a vehicle, the car's value wouldn't even cover the loan, resulting in losses to the bank. He said that the uptick in auto delinquencies is "not a spike, but is kind of a concern about what goes on from here."<h3 id="108a8464-8ec8-4eb3-8b19-f2eb7af18b2d">Commercial real estate</h3>Another problem for banks is that some businesses with commercial real estate loans are struggling to repay them. Biggar said some of this is tied to high vacancy rates among offices. While many companies have called employees back to the office since the height of the pandemic, office vacancy rates still <a target="_blank" href="https://www.axios.com/2024/07/09/office-vacancy-rate-record-high">rose</a> to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/real-estate-outlook-office-buildings-vacancies-commerical-markets-investors-remote-2024-1">record highs</a> over the past year.Elevated interest rates have also made it difficult for businesses to pay back debt on commercial real estate loans related to offices, retail, hotel, and apartment building properties, among others. That's because some loans are coming due — forcing businesses to refinance at <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/commercial-real-estate-big-trouble-crash-bank-crisis-2024-2">much higher interest rates</a>.To be sure, we're still far from a debt crisis: The share of past-due and charged-off debt generally remains in line with historical levels after rising from pandemic-era lows. Additionally, some banks are simply restoring reserves that were depleted during the pandemic. However, if the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/recession-outlook-economy-layoffs-inflation-spending-job-market-tariffs-morgan-stanley-2024-10">economy slows</a> and the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/job-market-recession-unemployment-rate-september-payrolls-report-fed-cuts-2024-10">unemployment rate</a> rises further, the uptick in delinquencies could become a larger concern, Biggar said.<h2 id="3723386c-1711-4911-97f5-b3d9337f3327">Wall Street acknowledgement</h2>While <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-banks-earnings-calls-interest-rates-fed-cuts-debt-2024-10">banking executives</a> this earnings season generally spoke highly of the economy, they did acknowledge that elevated prices and interest rates continue to weigh on American consumers."Our customers are healthy, but more discerning in their spend with signs of stress isolated," <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2024/10/15/citigroup-c-q3-2024-earnings-call-transcript/">said</a> Jane Fraser, Citi's CEO, referring to consumers with lower credit scores.Brian Moynihan, Bank of America's CEO, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2024/10/15/bank-of-america-bac-q3-2024-earnings-call-transcri/">said</a> that overall consumer spending remains strong but that "consumers are worried of the cost of living, worried about higher rates, and other matters."Charles Scharf, Wells Fargo's CEO, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2024/10/11/wells-fargo-wfc-q3-2024-earnings-call-transcript/">said</a> the bank hasn't seen "meaningful changes" in delinquency rates across its credit portfolio, but that there is evidence of financial strain among some Americans."We continue to see more pronounced stress in certain customer segments with lower deposit and asset levels where inflation has partially offset strong employment and wage growth," he said.Jeremy Barnum, JPMorgan's CFO, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2024/10/11/jpmorgan-chase-jpm-q3-2024-earnings-call-transcrip/">said</a> that consumers' discretionary spending has "normalized" following particularly strong levels in recent years.The financial roller coaster of pandemic payments, whipsawing inflation, and high interest rates are especially affecting lower-income Americans."We know consumers at a certain income level and below are strapped," Biggar said, adding, "There's been a lot of concern, particularly at the lower income category, that people are unable to make ends meet."Going forward, Biggar said that many banks could continue adding to their reserves, particularly if the unemployment rate rises further. That might not ultimately be necessary, since the jobless rate has <a target="_blank" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE">stabilized</a> over the past two months after a surprise increase."I'm not expecting any big spike from here unless the unemployment rate moves materially higher," Biggar said of further reserve reinforcements.

Big banks are bracing for losses as Americans struggle to pay off debt

<div type="image" title="For the unversed, trading in futures and options can be akin to setting their hard-earned money on fire" height="900" width="1200" msid="114064202" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For the unversed, trading in futures and options can be akin to setting their hard-earned money on fire&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> Once upon a time, there thrived a wild, wild land. Here, it was all about super high monetary stakes, lightning-fast trade deals, and bucketloads of money shifting hands every single second. This wilderness lured millions of individuals with the promise of super duper high returns. But, at what cost? Welcome to the unforgiving, ultra-risky wild west of <keyword id="19991165" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-equity-markets" source="keywords">Indian equity markets</keyword> called the <keyword id="145718" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Futures-and-Options" source="Orion">futures and options</keyword>. Here, everyone seems to just fly right through the bright red-flagged warnings of financial risks to earn even a fraction of these promised returns. Most burn themselves in the process, but carry on nevertheless, as if nothing ever happened. <h2>Chasing the cloudy profits</h2>The data conclusively proves that every 9 out of 10 individuals only lost their hard-earned money in this land. But hey, what do the numbers know? Some hide their losses out of shame, some out of fear. The proponents, meanwhile, proudly boast unusually high returns on their investments, some open social media channels while others encourage their friends and family to take the plunge. Naturally, news of this unstoppable and humongous en-masse migration to the F&amp;O (futures and options) town has reached sheriff <keyword id="19901201" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SEBI" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="SEBI" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="SEBI">SEBI</keyword>, galvanising them into action. After all, it was time to put a leash on this madness and save the common man. The inhabitants of this town doubled in the last 2 years, from 51 lakh in FY22 to 96 lakh in FY24—99.8% of whom were small and mid-income traders. But profits? Well, that's a different, rather completely absent story. <h2>Que Sera Sera, much?</h2>A recent report by SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) that studied profits and losses made by traders in the equity derivatives segment between FY22-24 exposed the mad mania of futures and options trading in India, especially since the pandemic. Per the report, 91.1% of individual traders, or about 73 lakh traders had only lost money trading in futures and options in FY24. Between FY 22-24, over 1 crore traders, or about 92.8% of individual traders, had lost Rs 2 lakh each. But once bitten, twice shy? Well, not in this case. More than 75% of individuals, who had only made losses trading in F&amp;O in FY22 and FY23, continued to trade vigorously in FY24 as well, without any changes in the bottom line, which remained deep in red and negative. So, then all these traders must be uber-rich, with tons of cash and not much care to spare? Nope. 76% of traders in the F&amp;O space in FY24 had an annual income of less than Rs 5 lakh. 2 years ago, their share stood at 71%. And their choice of poison? Options! In FY24, 60% of traders made losses trading in futures, but a whopping 91.5% burnt their funds trading in options. Mind you, futures are riskier than options. With futures, which require significant capital investment, the buyer and seller both are contractually bound to adhere to the pre-determined strike price of the futures or options contract, irrespective of whether the prevailing prices are higher or lower (and thus, resulting in losses for either the buyer or seller). With options, since this adherence ain't necessary, individuals end up taking debt to take highly leveraged positions while trading here. <h2>Scale of the explosion</h2>Anyone who trades even infrequently will tell you that a demat account is the mitochondria or powerhouse of the trading cell. As of August 2024, India had over 17.1 crore <keyword id="20957284" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="demat-accounts" source="keywords">demat accounts</keyword>, which are a prerequisite for trading in the markets. India is the 9th biggest country in the world, in terms of total demat accounts. Did you know that our demat accounts are at par with the entire population of Bangladesh? Talk about scale! Just 4 years ago, in March 2020, this number was a mere 4 crore. Naturally, the total F&amp;O turnover on both <keyword id="20004725" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="NSE" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="NSE" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="NSE">NSE</keyword> and BSE has hit the roof, and also broken it. As of October 4, 2024, the total futures and options turnover on NSE stood at a massive Rs 4,78,27,27,750.30 crore. Good luck counting the thousands! <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;" class="redcator-table-advance"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Year </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Total Turnover (Both Futures and Options) (In Rs Crore) </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">2020-21 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">64,36,03,951.51 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">2021-22 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">1,69,52,33,134.47 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">2022-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">3,82,23,26,468.06 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">2023-24 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">7,99,27,67,152.43 </td></tr></tbody><tbody></tbody><tbody></tbody><tbody></tbody></table>Source : NSE Another metric that underlines the meteoric growth of trading in India is the collection of STT or <keyword id="20930760" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Securities-Transaction-Tax" source="keywords">Securities Transaction Tax</keyword>. As of September 2024, India's STT mop-up had gone past Rs 26,000 crore. Traders have to pay STT whenever they buy or sell any security in the market. So, more trading brings in more STT, and hence, more revenue for the government, so they're not really complaining. After all, this is certainly what they'd call enviable growth. As of August 2023, our STT collection stood at about Rs 21,599 crores. And in FY20-21, India's STT collection had been Rs 16,000 crore. If only our salaries also managed to grow at this rate! <h2>So, what's happening?</h2>Two things. One, it's the big bulls who are raking in all the moolah. And it's the younger lot (those aged under 30) who are propping them up for this. In FY24, 43% of individual traders in the market were less than 30 years of age. In just one year, this number has swelled by 12 percentage points from just 31% of individual traders. But who says ageing is bad? Wrinkles and silver hair seemingly have a propensity of incurring lesser losses in the market. In FY24, only 79% of traders aged above 60 years made losses, as compared to 93% of those aged below 30. Small and mid-income traders, which make up 98% of the total trader base, witnessed average losses per person of Rs 65,000 and Rs 1.5 lakh in FY24 in futures and options, respectively. The winner here? Clearly, the big bulls, who declared an annual income of over Rs 1 crore, ended up with average profits of Rs 96,000 per person this year. <h2>What’s the sheriff up to?</h2>The government has finally swung into action, hiking the STT rate for F&amp;O during this year’s budget. Effective October 1, 2024, the STT on futures stands at 0.02%, up from 0.0125%. For options, it was upped to 0.1% versus 0.0625% previously. Small margins, but huge impact oncoming. Says Puneet Sharma- CEO and Fund Manager at Whitespace Alpha, “SEBI aims to enhance market stability while safeguarding investor interests, reflecting the regulator's intent to balance risk management with market participation”. But this might come with its own share of challenges, too. “Stricter norms around leverage, transparency, and capital adequacy could limit the ability of investors to determine their own risk appetite, thereby stifling innovation in trading strategies. Over-regulation in an environment that thrives on strategic flexibility and creativity could dampen the market’s dynamism, affecting India's competitiveness in the global derivatives landscape”, he observes. SEBI recently came out with a set of guidelines that aim to thwart <keyword id="19972907" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="retail-investors" source="keywords">retail investors</keyword>' participation in futures and options and hinder them from taking undue risks. Here's a quick recap of what's to come for the residents of the F&amp;O town Margin Requirements: To battle the high volatility and chaos which is generally seen on expiry days(i.e the last mandated date, post which an option becomes invalid), SEBI will put in place an extreme loss margin (ELM) of 2% for all open short options on the day of expiry. Translation? Traders will need to pony up more cash upfront, leaving them with fewer funds to take on risky bets. It ain't a choice: No more of one expiry every single day! Going ahead, an exchange like BSE or NSE will just be able to offer weekly expiries, that too, only on one benchmark index, as opposed to an entire buffet it currently offers. At present, NSE offers weekly options contracts for its financial index, bank and midcap indices. But say goodbye to this, and hello to derivatives on only 1 index per exchange. Raising the bar: Effective November 30, 2024, the minimum contract value for index derivatives will be upped to Rs 15 lakh, from the present Rs 5-10 lakh. The hope is that by making it ultra-expensive to enter these trades, investors will be dissuaded from taking on risky trades. Pay upfront: Starting February 2025, those trading in options will have to pay the entire options premium upfront, even before their trades are executed. This is because options generally carry very high leverage, and paying a significant sum upfront can force traders to think twice. Invigilation Pro Max: Starting April 1 2025, to make sure that the number of positions for equity index derivatives does not slyly slip over the mandated limit, especially on expiry days when trade volumes are huge, the exchanges will have to take a minimum of 4 position snapshots randomly. The question is, will these injections of sobriety be enough to calm down the steroid-fed bull of the futures and options market in India? Well, only time and market turnover will tell! For more insights into the financial markets and business news, stay tuned to our site and social media handles. And don’t forget to subscribe to Business Insider India’s newsletters for your weekly dose of Simply Put! Disclaimer: The content on this website is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as investment advice. We recommend readers consult certified, qualified and registered advisors for professional and personalised financial advice.

SIMPLY PUT: SEBI is on a mission to take on the wild, wild west of futures and options in India. Here’s why, what, and how

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="19945948" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Spirit-Airlines" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Spirit Airlines" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Spirit Airlines">Spirit Airlines</keyword> may file for Chapter 11 amid major debts after a failed merger with JetBlue.</li><li>The airline is saddled with debt of about $3.3 billion.</li></ul>Spirit Airlines stock plunged in premarket trading on Friday after a report that it may file for <keyword id="20424206" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chapter-11-bankruptcy" source="keywords">Chapter 11 bankruptcy</keyword> protection. Following a failed merger with <keyword id="20245146" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="JetBlue-Airways" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="JetBlue Airways" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="JetBlue Airways">JetBlue Airways</keyword>, Spirit had been grappling with heavy losses, making it difficult to manage its $3.3 billion debt load that includes $1.1 billion of secured bonds due within the next year, The Wall Street Journal <a target="_blank" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/spirit-airlines-in-talks-with-bondholders-over-terms-of-potential-bankruptcy-filing-fdd23fae?st=oS9e7Q&amp;reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink">reported</a> late Thursday. The <keyword id="20376051" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="budget-airline" source="keywords">budget airline</keyword> is also exploring restructuring options to alleviate some of its financial pressures, though no filing is imminent, the Journal reported. The report pushed the carrier's stock down as much as 36% in premarket trade on Friday. The shares have fallen 86% this year. <keyword id="23550986" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CEO-Ted-Christie" source="keywords">CEO Ted Christie</keyword> said on an August earnings call that Spirit was in talks with advisors and bondholders over its debt. While Spirit faces a turbulent future with a potential Chapter 11 filing, it isn't necessarily a death sentence for the airline. Rather, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/credit-score/what-is-chapter-11-bankruptcy">Chapter 11</a> allows businesses to reorganize their debts while continuing their operations. Other airlines have used the process to stay afloat. Most recently, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/scandinavian-airlines-filed-chapter-11-bankruptcy-after-pilot-strike-sas-2022-7">Scandinavian Airlines</a> filed for Chapter 11 in the US in 2022 following a pilot strike. The airline underwent a $3 billion restructuring plan to revise its fleet and raise money, while continuing to operate. The company emerged from bankruptcy in August. In 2005, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/companies-went-bankrupt-bounced-back-successful#delta-air-lines-filed-for-bankruptcy-in-2005-and-spent-a-year-and-a-half-restructuring-3" target="_blank">Delta Air Lines</a> filed for bankruptcy after shedding 6,000 jobs and slashing $1 billion in labor costs. By optimizing its Atlanta hub and increasing its international routes, the company recovered from its financial troubles and remains one of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-and-worst-airlines-in-the-us-according-to-the-points-guy-2024-6" target="_blank">largest airlines</a> in the US. A potential bankruptcy filing could serve as a similar lifeline for Spirit's management of debt and finances. This came as Spirit <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spirit-airlines-ticket-changes-bundled-fares-bags-snacks-premium-seats-2024-7">bumped</a> its ticketing prices in July, shifting away from its ultra-low-cost model to boost revenue after suffering a $143 million loss in the first quarter of this year and a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/airlines-spirit-southwest-jetblue-struggle-profit-scrambling-changes-tickets-seats-2024-8">$193 million</a> loss in the second quarter. Spirit has been bogged by annual losses since before the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the travel industry's recovery, and continues to struggle against larger airlines that offer competitive fares. The airline has cut routes, furloughed pilots, and shrunk its operational capacity by nearly 20%. Spirit Airlines did not respond to a request for comment from Business Insider outside normal working hours. Correction: October 4, 2024 — An earlier version of this story misstated the year Delta filed for bankruptcy protection. It was 2005, not 2007.

Spirit Airlines stock plunges after report it's considering filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Ese Milan is a 25-year-old in Las Vegas who grew up unconcerned about her weight.</li><li>When she was 22, she was told she had a handful of health issues as a result of her weight.</li></ul>This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Ese Milan. It has been edited for length and clarity.My whole life, I've been a bigger person. I come from a Polynesian Samoan household, and my whole family is bigger, so I always thought it was normal. It was what I was used to.But in 2021, I got sick and needed to see a doctor for the first time in years. The doctor asked me to get on the scale and then told me I weighed 412 pounds. I was taken aback when I heard the number.After that initial appointment, I found a primary care person who, after testing, diagnosed me with several conditions, including <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/treatments/hypertension">high blood pressure</a>, high sugar levels, and type 2 Diabetes. She also told me I was morbidly obese.I had gotten so comfortable living at that weight with these unknown health issues. But I knew I had to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/woman-lost-75-pounds-making-2-simple-lifestyle-changes-2024-10">do something about my health</a>. <h2 id="90fc6a21-8cb0-498a-aa60-304a77f04cbe">I started working on losing weight</h2>The doctor put me on medications right away and then made an appointment for me at the hospital to get a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/how-to-treat-sleep-apnea">sleep apnea test</a>.Checking myself in for this test at the age of 22 was depressing. I was so young and yet was being checked to see if I <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/what-causes-snoring">stopped breathing in the night</a> due to my weight. They strapped me to a bed for the night. I couldn't sleep because there was this huge machine stuck to my face. It was torture.The medications were starting to make me feel terrible. I decided to stop taking them. Instead, I decided I would <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/diet-nutrition/weight-loss-tips">work hard to lose weight</a>.I started going to the gym every single day after work. The only way I was able to do this was because at least one friend came with me each afternoon. We'd clubbed for years — now we went to the gym together.At first, I stuck to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-use-gym-machines-to-build-muscle-for-beginners-2022-10">the cardio machines</a>. The people who did weights looked experienced and fit, and I felt uncomfortable working around them. I wouldn't have had a clue of what to do. But I started watching them, figuring out how they used free weights and machines and started doing the same.I became addicted to sweating. I loved seeing myself leaving the gym covered in sweat. The results were not quick at all, but by the time I was 23, I had lost 30 pounds.<h2 id="21739e60-cf26-4cba-9194-d5a7f756a41d">I decided on weight loss surgery</h2>The food element of weight loss was very hard to manage. I was surrounded by friends who socialized over food, and my family, who I lived with, continued to eat the same way. I knew I was fighting against time and had to lose weight to fix my health. To stick through with this for the long term, I started considering weight loss surgery.Without anyone knowing, I started researching doctors who performed weight loss surgeries and the types of surgeries available. I decided on a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/plastic-surgery-worth-it-lost-weight-2023-8">vertical sleeve gastrectomy</a>, and in November 2023, I went in for the surgery.The surgery didn't last long; after 10 minutes, I walked around.It was only when I left the hospital that I started telling people about what I had done. I didn't care what anyone thought about the fact that I had weight loss surgery at 23. I did it to save myself.Since the surgery, I've lost 150 pounds. It feels amazing to look back and see what I have achieved. I feel unstoppable. All of the health concerns I had before are now nonexistent.Other than the health benefits, my favorite part of losing weight has been the wider selection of clothes I can choose from when shopping.However, I've been disappointed by how differently I've been treated since losing weight. People treat me better now that I'm smaller. It shows how shallow people can be.Weight loss surgery isn't for everyone, but I have no regrets about having the surgery. It literally saved my life.

At age 22 I weighed 412 pounds. I had weight loss surgery and have lost 150 pounds so far.

This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with <keyword id="23300967" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nicholas-Whitaker" source="keywords">Nicholas Whitaker</keyword>, who worked with <keyword id="19902762" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Google" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Google" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Google">Google</keyword> for nearly 13 years and got laid off in 2023. He is now running a venture of his own. It has been edited for length and clarity. I joined Google over a decade ago and it became much more than just a job. At that time, Google had approximately 40,000 employees, and the atmosphere felt very much like a startup. Teams were nimble and cooperative, offering ample opportunities for personal and professional growth. There was an unmistakable sense of optimism and potential in the air. It was my first experience in the tech industry, and I viewed that period as a significant phase in my development. I gained valuable skills and benefited from the early support and mentorship of my colleagues and leaders. Perhaps this is why the experience of being laid off hit me so hard. I remember the moment vividly. It was 3 a.m., and I received a ping on LinkedIn from a colleague asking if I was safe. Initially, I thought there had been some kind of emergency—a shooting or perhaps a natural disaster. But when I checked my personal email, I discovered the real reason for their message. I found a short, impersonal email informing me that my role had been eliminated. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113637185" title="Fired from Google after 13 years of service, he used his severance to build a business around helping others with their careers" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> <h2>I was laid off without a warning </h2> What shocked me the most was the lack of warning. After my colleague's message, I checked my work email only to find out that it was locked out of my phone and laptop. I then checked my personal email and there it was, a short email informing me about my layoff, providing basic instructions about returning company property and navigating unemployment. The next few months were spent sending back my laptop, badge, and other Google gear. Along the way there were multiple errors and miscommunications from the team that made it all even more uncomfortable. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113619411" title="Rename home Wi-Fi, leave badge at office: Ex-Amazon employee reveals tricks used by employees to not work from office" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> There was only one text message from my former manager, asking how I was doing a few days after the layoff. Beyond that, I heard nothing from my old team. It was such a brutally impersonal and inhumane process. <h2>If you have been laid off, you are not alone</h2> If you’ve been laid off, the first thing I want to say is: You’re not alone, and this moment doesn’t define you. When it first happens, it can feel incredibly personal, but <keyword id="19916567" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="layoffs" source="keywords">layoffs</keyword> are usually about business decisions, not your individual worth or performance. After spending over a decade at Google, I know how disorienting it can feel. But over time, I realised that this was also an opportunity to rethink what I really wanted from my career and life. Here are a few pieces of advice that helped me navigate this uncertain time: Give yourself space to process what happened: It’s okay to feel angry, sad, or uncertain. Let yourself experience those emotions, but try not to let them dictate your next move. Take the time you need to recover emotionally before jumping into something new. Reframe the situation: As hard as it sounds, a layoff can also be an opportunity to reassess what you want from your career. For me, the layoff became a catalyst for starting my own venture and reconnecting with what truly matters to me. This is a chance to explore new possibilities that may have been overshadowed by the stability of a previous job. Invest in your health: It’s easy to get caught up in the stress of finding the next thing, but make sure you’re taking care of your mental and physical health. For me, mindfulness and self-care were key to navigating this period. You can’t pour from an empty cup, so make sure you’re refilling yours. Reconnect with your network: Don’t be afraid to lean on your network for support, advice, or job leads. It can feel uncomfortable, but remember that people are often happy to help. Reach out to former colleagues, mentors, and friends, and let them know you’re in transition. Don’t rush the next step: Sometimes, the instinct is to jump into whatever comes next to avoid the discomfort of uncertainty. But if you can, take a beat and make sure your next move aligns with your values and long-term goals. Use this time to reflect on what you want from your next role or career path. Explore new avenues: If you’ve ever thought about starting your own business, freelancing, or shifting industries, now could be the perfect time to explore those ideas. That’s what I did with Changing Work Collective, and it’s led me to a more fulfilling and purpose-driven career than I ever had before. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113800304" title="'Microsoft employee gets $300,000 for working 15-20 hours a week’: X user’s post goes viral" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> Ultimately, a layoff is just one chapter in a much larger story. It can be a painful experience, but it’s also a chance for reinvention and growth. Stay grounded, take care of yourself, and trust that you have the resilience and skills to navigate this and come out stronger on the other side.

I was fired from Google after 13 years of service. Here's what I learnt on how to deal with layoffs

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Omada Health's booming weight loss program could push the startup closer to a public market debut.</li><li>The startup says care for GLP-1 patients has become its most popular front door for new customers.</li></ul>Last spring, diabetes startup Omada Health said it wanted to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omada-strategy-weight-loss-drugs-semaglutide-ozempic-2023-5">help employers manage patients taking a blockbuster new class of weight-loss drugs</a>.A year later, that business has taken off.Omada Health's metabolic health program has now become the entry point for most new employers considering contracts with Omada Health, Duffy said."The inbound that we get from benefits buyers, the first question is, tell me more about the GLP-1 care track. And that's the thing that turns into the other conversations," Duffy said.Weight loss is now at the forefront of their pitches to employers "even if we don't necessarily want it to be," Duffy said, "because it's the thing. There's such a focus on metabolic care for obesity, and then they're like, oh cool, you guys also do diabetes and hypertension."Launched in 2011, Omada provides virtual care for diabetes, hypertension, musculoskeletal care, and diabetes prevention, alongside obesity, to employers, health plans, and even health systems. The startup is now looking ahead to an IPO, having <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/exclusive-omada-health-confidentially-filed-s1-ipo-public-2024-10">filed its S-1 this summer</a>, Business Insider first reported in October. Omada previously declined to comment on its IPO plans.But as weight loss pushes Omada closer to a public market debut, Duffy said those contracts with employers haven't looked like what he expected.The startup had initially envisioned that employers would use Omada as a gatekeeper, choosing to pay for buzzy GLP-1 drugs only after a patient had already tried Omada's program, or cutting off the drug coverage after a year and using Omada to help patients maintain their weight loss.But most employers haven't chosen those routes, Duffy said."That's not a common voice. The majority of [our customers] — I actually don't know the reason, but I think it's much simpler — they're choosing to cover the drugs with lifestyle support alongside," Duffy said.<h2 id="d2408f5d-2923-4e91-b037-e2b5136c8d9c">The fraught market for Ozempic</h2>While dozens of healthtech companies, from <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/weightwatchers-ceo-out-ozempic-weight-loss-drugs-2024-9">WeightWatchers</a> to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ro-weight-loss-program-insurance-delays-wegovy-shortage-2023-6">Ro,</a> have rushed to build online programs to prescribe Ozempic and Wegovy, as well as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hims-and-hers-cheap-weight-loss-drugs-stock-soaring-2024-5">compounded versions of the weight-loss drugs</a>, Omada doesn't prescribe GLP-1s itself. Instead, the startup set out to help patients taking GLP-1s — which began as a class of diabetes drugs — make changes to their diet and exercise.When Duffy <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omada-strategy-weight-loss-drugs-semaglutide-ozempic-2023-5">told Business Insider about these plans in May 2023</a>, the startup was confronting a rising tide of employers panicking about the costs of the expensive drugs. The prescriptions typically cost between $8,000 and $10,000 per patient per year, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/insights/2024/07/8-employer-considerations-about-glp-1-drugs">according to WTW</a>, formerly Willis Towers Watson. The firm said GLP-1 drugs for obesity account for about 10% of all pharmacy spending.Those cost concerns haven't abated. Most companies still don't cover GLP-1 prescriptions for weight loss, though <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/09/business/weight-loss-drugs-glp-1-wegovy-employer/index.html#:~:text=More%20employers%20may%20start%20covering,obesity%20drugs%2C%20such%20as%20Wegovy.&amp;text=Still%2C%20more%20than%20a%20quarter,a%20human%20resources%20consulting%20firm.">more pay for the drugs now</a> than in previous years. Employers expect their healthcare costs <a target="_blank" href="https://www.hrdive.com/news/weight-loss-drugs-fuel-large-employer-healthcare-cost-concerns-2025/724977/">to increase by about 8%</a> in 2025, largely due to the explosion of GLP-1s.But Duffy said only a small fraction of Omada's total contracts have imposed strict limits on GLP-1 coverage with Omada as a gatekeeper."In the narrow network world, there's a subcategory of enterprise GLP companies who just make it so that their employees can only get GLP with our conditions. You typically get less GLP usage there because you're introducing a friction point," he said.<div type="image" title="Two boxes of semaglutide under the trade names of Ozempic and Wegovy." height="3533" width="5300" msid="114728141" hostid="261" sizebytes="423802"></div>GLP-1s already come with plenty of friction points for patients. For the past two years, the drugs were in short supply, making it difficult for any patients to get their hands on the drugs, especially without a diabetes diagnosis. Those shortages are reportedly easing, with the FDA removing GLP-1 ingredient tirzepatide from <a target="_blank" href="https://dps.fda.gov/drugshortages/resolved/tirzepatide-injection">its shortage list</a> earlier this month, but many pharmacies are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2024/09/06/g-s1-21139/ozempic-wegovy-shortages">still dealing with empty shelves</a>.And GLP-1s can also produce plenty of side effects, which, in combination with their high costs and shortages, prompts most patients to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/long-people-stay-ozempic-stop-2-years-analysis-shows-rcna161216">stop taking the drugs</a> within the same year. That's a problem, since clinical data has shown that the majority of patients <a target="_blank" href="https://www.medpagetoday.com/special-reports/exclusives/112138">regain most of the weight</a> they lost on a GLP-1 after they stop taking it.Omada previously said it wanted to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omada-strategy-weight-loss-drugs-semaglutide-ozempic-2023-5">help patients keep the weight off after stopping their GLP-1 usage</a>. The company said it isn't yet ready to share any findings on how effective those efforts have been.Going forward, Duffy said Omada is continuing to refine its metabolic health strategy as the business grows. He said the startup is also looking to partner with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://resourcecenter.omadahealth.com/omada-resources/omada-health-partners-with-intermountain-healthcare-and-castell-to-establish-integrated-virtual-care-option-for-diabetes-management-and-prevention">more health systems</a> to provide Omada's virtual solutions for conditions like diabetes and obesity to health systems' patients.

Weight loss care is leading IPO-hopeful Omada Health's latest growth surge as Ozempic boom continues

India’s electric vehicle (EV) sector, often seen as a key player in the country’s clean energy transition, has been called “irrelevant” without government <keyword id="20231384" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="incentives" source="keywords">incentives</keyword> by a recent Bernstein research report. The report highlights the serious challenges automakers face in achieving profitability and scaling operations in the EV segment, which remains heavily reliant on financial support from the government. <h2>Struggling to achieve profitability</h2>The Bernstein report reveals that generating profitable margins in the Indian EV sector is proving to be an uphill battle for automakers. “It is tough to generate sufficient margins and get scale in EVs. Even with hefty incentives, incumbent OEMs are still unprofitable,” the report stated. This underscores the fact that even with <keyword id="20022183" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="government-subsidies" source="keywords">government subsidies</keyword> aimed at promoting <keyword id="20138204" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="electric-mobility" source="keywords">electric mobility</keyword>, automakers are struggling to make EVs financially viable. High production costs, limited infrastructure, and relatively low consumer demand all contribute to this issue. Traditional automakers, particularly in India’s two-wheeler market, are facing significant financial losses. According to Bernstein, while some niche startups may survive, their long-term market share will likely remain limited, and competition will primarily be between established original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). The key challenge for these OEMs is achieving the scale and cost reductions required to compete with the well-entrenched internal combustion engine (ICE) sector. <h2>Reliance on incentives</h2>One of the most striking conclusions from Bernstein’s analysis is the deep reliance of the EV sector on government subsidies. Without these incentives, the <keyword id="19952060" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="EV-Industry" source="keywords">EV industry</keyword> would be unable to compete with traditional ICE vehicles. “The EV Industry is not relevant without incentives currently, and to break the ICE sector, it needs intense focus, scale, and continued cost downs,” the report emphasised. This indicates that while government schemes like GST benefits have helped reduce the cost difference between EVs and ICE vehicles, they are not enough to ensure the long-term sustainability of the EV sector. Bernstein estimates that the overall EV two-wheeler industry in India generates around USD 1.3 billion in annual revenues, but without government support, the sector incurs an EBIT loss of approximately USD 300-400 million. The high cost structure of EVs, combined with the relatively low sales volumes, makes it difficult for companies to operate without subsidies. <h2>Established players face mixed fortunes</h2>Among India’s leading two-wheeler manufacturers, Bernstein noted that <keyword id="19897354" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bajaj-Auto" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Bajaj Auto" meta.hostid="265" meta.entityid="Bajaj Auto">Bajaj Auto</keyword> and <keyword id="20326963" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="TVS-Motors" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="TVS Motors" meta.hostid="265" meta.entityid="TVS Motors">TVS Motors</keyword> are on a similar footing in terms of their performance in the EV space. Bajaj Auto received an "Outperform" rating from Bernstein due to its lower valuations, while TVS Motors was rated "Market Perform" after it was found to be losing approximately 7.5% in EBITDA, or Rs 11,000 per vehicle, despite generating a gross profit margin of 7% without subsidies. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113631992" title="Tata Nexon EV with a bigger battery launched starting at ₹13.99 lakh" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Hero MotoCorp, a major player in India’s automotive market, lags behind both Bajaj and TVS in terms of its EV offerings. Bernstein also pointed out that Eicher Motors, which is expected to launch its own <keyword id="19895203" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="electric-vehicles" source="keywords">electric vehicles</keyword> soon, is likely to remain “sub-scale and less relevant” in the competitive EV landscape. Interestingly, <keyword id="19897349" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ola-Electric" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Ola Electric" meta.hostid="265" meta.entityid="Ola Electric">Ola Electric</keyword> (Ola-E) stands out as a startup that has been able to generate positive operating earnings (EBITDA) from its premium models like the S1 Pro and S1 Air, even as it incurs losses on its mass-market model, the S1X. “Our analysis indicates that Ola-E is generating positive operating EBITDA from its premium models, such as the S1 Pro and S1 Air while incurring a loss on its mass-market model, the S1X,” the report said. While Ola has shown some promise, it too remains heavily dependent on subsidies to maintain its financial health. <h2>Long-term outlook</h2>Bernstein’s report paints a challenging picture for the future of India’s EV sector, suggesting that while dominant startups may survive, the majority of the competition will come from traditional automakers. However, without significant scale and continued cost reductions, the EV industry will struggle to become self-sustaining. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113315022" title="Waiting for the festive season to buy an EV? Cabinet approves PM E-Drive subsidising most EVs, sans electric cars" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Bernstein emphasised that to truly compete with ICE vehicles, the EV sector needs to focus on scaling up operations, reducing costs, and maintaining long-term commitment. Until these conditions are met, India’s EV industry will remain highly dependent on government support and may continue to face an uphill battle for relevance. In conclusion, while India’s EV sector is seen as a vital part of the country’s clean energy future, Bernstein’s analysis highlights that it is far from being self-reliant. The industry’s heavy dependence on government incentives raises questions about its long-term sustainability and relevance, particularly in the face of ongoing challenges with profitability and scale. (With inputs from ANI)

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