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In an age of rapid <keyword id="22943705" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="satellite-deployment" source="keywords">satellite deployment</keyword>, the sky above is not just getting more crowded but also becoming noisier with unintended radio wave emissions. Satellite swarms orbiting Earth, particularly the second-generation <keyword id="19998609" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Starlink-satellites" source="keywords">Starlink satellites</keyword>, are leaking more <keyword id="22477491" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="electromagnetic-radiation" source="keywords">electromagnetic radiation</keyword> than ever before. This radiation, which bleeds into protected wavelength bands reserved for <keyword id="21166517" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="radio-astronomy" source="keywords">radio astronomy</keyword>, is raising serious concerns among astronomers and researchers. <h2>Starlink v2 satellites: A significant increase in radiation </h2>The second-generation Starlink satellites, known as the v2mini and v2mini Direct-to-Cell versions, are at the centre of this issue. These satellites are leaking up to 32 times more radiation than their predecessors. When first addressed in 2023, <keyword id="19905255" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SpaceX" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="SpaceX" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="SpaceX">SpaceX</keyword> acknowledged the problem and stated it was working on a solution. However, with 6,398 satellites now in orbit, the situation has only worsened. Cees Bassa, an astronomer with the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), highlighted the alarming data. "Compared to the faintest astrophysical sources that we observe with LOFAR, unintended electromagnetic radiation from Starlink satellites is 10 million times brighter," says Bassa. The gap between these signals is as vast as comparing the faintest stars visible to the naked eye to the brightness of the full Moon. With SpaceX launching approximately 40 second-generation Starlink satellites weekly, the problem is intensifying rapidly. While SpaceX is currently the largest player in low-Earth orbit, they are not alone in this burgeoning satellite race. A recent study has shown that constellation satellites are leaking radio waves outside the 10.7-to-12.7 gigahertz range used for communication downlink. Even more concerning is that some of this leakage occurs in the 150.05-to-153 MHz range, a band crucial for radio astronomy. These unintentional emissions interfere with sensitive astronomical observations, posing a serious threat to the future of space exploration. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113349504" title="Do we really need so many satellites?" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> <h2>Understanding the impact </h2>Using the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) in Europe, a network of around 20,000 radio antennas, scientists conducted detailed observations to measure these unintended emissions. They detected radiation from 97 Starlink satellites in the 110-to-188 MHz frequency range, with emissions from the v2mini versions significantly stronger than their predecessors. Currently, no regulations are in place to address this unintended electromagnetic radiation from <keyword id="23169958" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="satellite-constellations" source="keywords">satellite constellations</keyword>. As more satellites enter orbit, these emissions are expected to grow brighter and more disruptive. Researchers are urging the implementation of new regulations and calling on companies like SpaceX to prioritise reducing these emissions as part of their sustainable space policies. "Humanity is clearly approaching an inflexion point where we need to take action to preserve our sky as a window to explore the Universe from Earth," says engineer Federico Di Vruno of the SKA Observatory. He notes that satellite companies, including Starlink, should take steps to minimise this unintended radiation, as it aligns with their broader goals of <keyword id="23248592" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="sustainable-space-exploration" source="keywords">sustainable space exploration</keyword>. Radio astronomy has been instrumental in many of the technologies we take for granted today, including WiFi, GPS, and medical imaging. If radio astronomy is compromised, it could have unforeseen consequences that extend beyond the study of the cosmos. Jessica Dempsey, ASTRON’s general and scientific director, emphasises the need for collaboration between regulators and industry players. "We just need the regulators to support us, and the industry to meet us halfway. Without mitigations, very soon the only constellations we will see will be human-made." Meanwhile, SpaceX has not commented on the growing radiation issue yet. However, with increasing pressure from the scientific community, the hope is that action will be taken before it’s too late. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113162328" title="Elon Musk: SpaceX to launch first Starships to Mars in two years" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>

Elon Musk’s Starlink satellites are ‘leaking’ radiation into protected wavelength bands and this can indirectly impact WiFi and GPS!

If you woke up in <keyword id="19900881" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="delhi" source="keywords">Delhi</keyword> recently, you might have noticed more than just the nip in the air – a thick, toxic smog has blanketed the city, turning the air almost unbreathable. On Monday, Delhi’s <keyword id="19920379" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="air-quality-index" source="keywords">Air Quality Index</keyword> (<keyword id="19916482" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="aqi" source="keywords">AQI</keyword>) hit 481, placing it in the "severe plus" category. For context, the “severe” category begins at an AQI of 401, and anything above 450 poses serious health risks even for healthy individuals. According to Swiss group IQAir’s live rankings, Delhi is currently the most polluted city in the world, with an air quality score of 1,081 – a “hazardous” level that is 130.9 times the World Health Organization’s recommended limit for PM2.5. <h3 style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:14pt;margin-bottom:4pt;">Major contributors to Delhi’s smog</h3>The root causes of Delhi’s pollution are manifold: <ul><li>Stubble Burning: On Saturday, crop residue burning contributed 25% of Delhi’s air pollution. By Sunday, this figure had climbed to 40%, according to SAFAR (System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research). Satellites recorded 1,334 stubble-burning incidents in six northern states on Sunday alone, the highest number in four days.</li><li>Vehicles: On Sunday, vehicular emissions accounted for 15.8% of the city’s pollution, according to the Centre’s Decision Support System for Air Quality Management.</li><li>Construction Dust and Industrial Emissions: PM2.5, a deadly pollutant, remains the most prominent factor, capable of penetrating deep into the lungs and leading to severe respiratory and cardiac diseases.</li></ul><h3 style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:14pt;margin-bottom:4pt;"><keyword id="24020184" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="GRAP-Stage-4" source="keywords">GRAP Stage 4</keyword></h3>To combat the rising pollution levels, authorities have enforced Stage 4 of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP). Here’s a breakdown of the restrictions: <ul><li>Vehicle Restrictions:</li><ul><li>Diesel medium and heavy goods vehicles (BS-IV and below) registered in Delhi are banned unless carrying essential goods.</li><li>Non-essential light commercial vehicles from outside Delhi can only enter if they use CNG, BS-VI diesel, or are electric.</li><li>Trucks carrying non-essential items are barred unless they use cleaner fuels like LNG, CNG, or BS-VI diesel. </li></ul><li>Workplace and School Adjustments:</li><ul><li>Classes for students in grades 6 to 9 and class 11 have moved online.</li><li>Offices in the National Capital Region (NCR) are advised to work at 50% capacity, with the rest operating remotely. </li></ul><li>Construction Ban: </li><ul><li>Construction and demolition (C&amp;D) activities have been halted, including large projects like highways, flyovers, and pipelines. </li></ul></ul>Out of Delhi’s 40 monitoring stations, 32 reported AQI levels above 400 on Monday. Visibility in parts of the city dropped to just 100 metres due to the thick smog. The health implications of these numbers are alarming. <keyword id="20118319" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="PM2-5-levels" source="keywords">PM2.5 levels</keyword> in Delhi were recorded at 130.9 times the safe limit set by the WHO. According to experts, long-term exposure to such air quality could lead to an 11% increase in premature mortality rates due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that Delhi residents may lose an average of 10 years of life expectancy if pollution levels persist. Despite the restrictions, life in Delhi continues under a cloud of smog. Iconic landmarks like India Gate have become barely visible through the haze. While flights and trains are operational, some delays have been reported.

GRAP Stage 4 restrictions take effect as air quality in Delhi deteriorates; PM2.5 levels 130 times higher than WHO limits

<ul class="summary-list"><li>I spent $170 on four failed <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-things-to-do-in-iceland-instead-of-northern-lights-2024-5">northern-light tours</a>, then saw the lights while waiting at a bus stop.</li><li>My experiences taught me that not all tours are created equally and it's important to do research.</li></ul>So far, I've spent about two years trying to find the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/northern-lights-artic-circle-trip-findland-tips-3-2023">best northern lights</a>.During this period, I've spent $170 on four failed tours and gathered plenty of intel on the dos and don'ts of spotting them. I've also found that many of these tours are <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/5-expensive-mistakes-experts-say-too-many-people-make-while-traveling-2024-7">bad deals for the average tourist</a>.My most memorable experience was in December 2022, when I took three northern-lights tours from Reykjavik, Iceland. About 200 of us travelers would come in on buses and head to predesignated <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/darkest-skies-by-state-watch-space-events-stargazing">dark-sky spots</a> where we'd sit tight and cross our fingers.In my opinion, the guides didn't even seem to be northern-lgiht experts. On this tour, our sharp-tongued leader curtly informed us it was "impossible to see the northern lights from the city center." We didn't see the lights on that tour and I thanked my lucky stars that I'd worn multiple Merino-wool layers as we stood outside from 7 p.m. until nearly 1 a.m.The next day, while waiting at a bus stop in the city center, the northern lights appeared in colorful irony. Albeit faint with the light pollution, they danced around the sky for 10 minutes.On other occasions in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iceland-blue-lagoon-alternative-iceland-less-touristy-places-2023-9">Reykjavik</a> and Tromsø in Norway, I boarded tour buses driving away from the cities only to hear they'd appeared just hours after we'd left. It made me wonder if there was any method behind this supposed magic.<h2 id="6fc40339-8003-476f-ba78-bf73b8ffbf98">Now, I look for tours that seem to provide a good value</h2><div type="image" title="Northern lights above city area in Reykjavík" height="3840" width="5760" msid="115118343" hostid="261" sizebytes="881872"></div>I wouldn't rule out northern-lights tours, but it's important to be picky about which you choose and when you book them if you want the best value. Firstly, look for tours reframing the "chasing" narrative. Most tours don't "chase" — instead, they find areas with low cloud coverage, meaning if the lights appear, you see them clearly. Tours that reframe the chasing aspect usually focus more on photography and have experienced photographers as guides. Whether you see the northern lights or just stars, you'll likely at least leave with dark-sky-photography knowledge.One other sign of a good tour is if guides offer to rearrange them if there are low chances of a sighting. Many northern-lights tours I've seen aren't transparent about your actual chances of seeing them and will run even if the odds are super slim. To set yourself up for success, do your own research, too. If you're planning trips centered around seeing them, travel during peak seasons. You should also look at <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/northern-lights-sky-friday-us-solar-winds-giant-hole-sun-2023-3">Kp Index predictions</a> before committing to certain tour days. This can be checked a few days in advance and help you estimate where the northern lights may be visible near you.Also, keep an open mind when choosing a travel destination. Iceland may be the most famous option, but you can see the northern lights in all sorts of places, even the US. Your chances just might vary. <h2 id="62f7a953-773e-46a9-a9c2-7149bed506ba">There are ways to try to see the northern lights even if you skip tours </h2><div type="image" title="Colorful lights behind mountain structure in night sky" height="3024" width="4032" msid="115118342" hostid="261" sizebytes="113880"></div>I've had the best success rates for spotting northern lights using the Aurora app, which can send notifications when the Kp Index is high enough for possible sightings near you.When that happens, I'll head to areas with minimal light pollution, such as lakes, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/solo-travel-us-national-parks-tips-from-frequent-traveler">national parks</a>, and suburban beaches. Lastly, if you're traveling to see the northern lights I'd recommend maximizing the number of nights you stay in your place of choice. You've got to be in it to win it, after all.

I spent $170 on 4 failed tours to see the northern lights and then finally saw them while waiting at a bus stop

India is already grappling with a significant <keyword id="22641561" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cancer-burden" source="keywords">cancer burden</keyword>, having recorded about 12 lakh new cancer cases and 9.3 lakh cancer deaths in 2019. Even as the <keyword id="22641562" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="healthcare-struggle" source="keywords">healthcare struggle</keyword> continues, new research has shed light on an emerging crisis. Analysing data from over 23 million US cancer patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2019, the study found that <keyword id="22641557" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cancer-incidence-rates" source="keywords">cancer incidence rates</keyword> have surged among <keyword id="22641558" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="younger-generations" source="keywords">younger generations</keyword> for 17 out of 34 cancer types, such as breast, pancreatic, and gastric cancers. <h2>Younger populations more prone</h2>In particular, people born in 1990 have notably higher rates of pancreatic, kidney, and small intestinal cancers compared to those born in 1955. Women in particular are seeing higher rates of liver cancer. Mortality rates are also on the rise for liver cancer (in women), uterine corpus, gallbladder, testicular, and colorectal cancers. The analysis showed that incidence rates have risen with each successive birth cohort since around 1920 for eight types of cancer. The incidence rate for the 1990 birth cohort is approximately two-to-three times higher than for the 1955 birth cohort for pancreatic, kidney, and small intestinal cancers in both men and women, and for liver cancer in women. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112062293" title="Cancers in head and neck rising, account for 26% cases in India: Study" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Furthermore, incidence rates increased in younger cohorts after a decline in older ones for nine cancers, including oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer, uterine corpus cancer, colorectal cancer, non-cardia gastric cancer, gallbladder cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer, anal cancer in men, and Kaposi sarcoma in men. Across various cancer types, the incidence rate in the 1990 birth cohort ranged from 12% higher for ovarian cancer to 169% higher for uterine corpus cancer compared to the birth cohort with the lowest incidence rate. Mortality rates also increased in younger cohorts for liver cancer (female only), uterine corpus, gallbladder, testicular, and colorectal cancers. <h2>Differing socioeconomic factors to blame</h2>The study’s lead author, Dr Hyuna Sung, emphasised that these increases may be linked to unique social, economic, and environmental factors faced by different birth cohorts during their developmental years. However, the precise reasons for these rising rates remain unclear. If this trend is representative for the rest of the world, it is epecially alarming for India, where the cancer burden is already projected to increase to 29.8 million disability-adjusted life years by 2025. Many experts have blamed factors such as <keyword id="20026286" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lifestyle-changes" source="keywords">lifestyle changes</keyword>, <keyword id="22641563" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="increased-consumption" source="keywords">increased consumption</keyword> of processed foods, tobacco use, and <keyword id="21456186" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="environmental-pollution" source="keywords">environmental pollution</keyword> for this growing problem, <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112013660" title="Fad-busters: “Sunscreen” pills are the new trend in the market — but should you be taking them?" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>“The increase in cancer rates among this younger group of people indicate generational shifts in cancer risk and often serve as an early indicator of future cancer burden in the country,” notes another study author Dr Ahmedin Jemal. “Without effective population-level interventions, and as the elevated risk in younger generations is carried over as individuals age, an overall increase in cancer burden could occur in the future, halting or reversing decades of progress against the disease,” added.” The findings of this research have been published in The Lancet Public Health and can be accessed <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(24)00156-7/fulltext" data-type="tilCustomLink">here</a>.

Millennial and Gen X are developing 17 types of cancers far more frequently than older generations, study finds

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Astrophysicist Hakeem M. Oluseyi has seen the stars from <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cruise-etiquette-tips-for-first-timers-2024-9">many cruises</a>.</li><li>As long as the ships dim their lights, passengers should be able to stargaze from the sea.</li></ul>Astrophysicist Hakeem M. Oluseyi has been to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/darkest-skies-by-state-watch-space-events-stargazing">dark sky parks</a> and observatories all over the world, but some of the best stargazing he's done has been in the middle of the ocean.As long as cruise ships are mindful of their light pollution, he said, they can be a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-place-to-stargaze-us-2018-7">great way to stargaze</a>.In the past, Oluseyi partnered with Princess Cruises and Discovery to bring stargazing programs on board the ships. He's seen some spectacular sights on cruises, including the northern lights and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-night-looks-like-aoraki-mackenzie-international-dark-sky-reserve-2023-5">other galaxies</a>.Here are Oluseyi's tips for the best stargazing on cruise lines, including seeing eclipses, galaxies, the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronaut-stunning-timelapse-video-northern-lights-space-auroras-2024-8">northern lights</a>, and meteor showers on your next cruise.<h2 id="0af27c65-bcf7-42d1-a27f-9daffdb5bc0a">Get a wake-up call for the northern lights.</h2><div type="image" title="brilliant neon streaks of light in the night sky show the northern lights over a quiet stretch of water" height="1397" width="2145" msid="113239260" hostid="261" sizebytes="88328"></div>Oluseyi has been on five cruises in various parts of the world. "The most amazing one was a trip to Norway on a cruise called Chasing the Northern Lights," he said. That's when he saw the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-northern-lights-dazzle-night-sky-across-the-us-europe-2024-5">aurora borealis</a>, aka the northern lights, for the first time."There are certain astronomical phenomena that sort of just brings the universe to your doorstep, and the northern lights, for me, was like that," he said.The <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/saw-northern-lights-surprising-photos-misleading-2024-5">northern lights</a> are only visible at night. To make sure you don't miss them, you can see if your cruise offers wake-up calls when the lights appear. Many cruises do.Moreover, location and timing are important. The northern lights are visible most often in northern latitudes including Canada, Alaska, and northern Scandinavia.You likely won't see them year-round, however. The fall and spring equinoxes are the best time for viewing the northern lights, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/content/tips-viewing-aurora">NOAA notes</a>. Winter can also be a good time, according to a Viking Cruises representative who told BI over email that daylight only lasts a few hours north of Scandinavia during winter time, offering more opportunities to see this spectacular light show.<h2 id="339bc823-5b6b-48a4-91e2-a4a550c03618">Choose a destination with clear skies for stargazing.</h2>Some parts of the world have better skies for stargazing than others.In particular, "the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-traveling-to-canary-islands-spain">Canary Islands</a> and Chile are some of the best places to stargaze on the globe," Paul Grigsby, Holland Cruise's vice president of revenue planning and deployment, told Business Insider via email.Both destinations have cultivated reputations as astrotourism sites and have areas that are dark sky reserves. Plus, Chile's latitude puts it right under the Milky Way.If you don't mind chillier weather, remote destinations like the Arctic and Greenland also take passengers far from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-dark-skies-look-like-how-many-more-stars-than-cities-suburbs">cities' light pollution</a>. Keep in mind, though, that the sun sets late during the Arctic summer, so nights are short.You might also want to time your trip with a meteor shower, like the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-see-perseids-meteor-shower-fireballs-jupiter-mars-northern-lights-2024-8">Perseids in August</a>. The nice thing about that is that you should be able to see the celestial show from almost anywhere, Oluseyi said.Though, if epic stargazing is your goal, you should try to avoid areas with notoriously <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/things-to-know-before-v">cloudy weather</a>. "I'm not going to cruises in Seattle or London," Oluseyi said.<h2 id="1edb23a3-146e-4433-88b7-efdfb3a27541">Chase a solar eclipse from the ocean.</h2><div type="image" title="People watching a solar eclipse from a ship" height="636" width="1024" msid="113239261" hostid="261" sizebytes="37368"></div>Cruise lines are already gearing up for <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/plan-trip-next-total-solar-eclipse-spain-iceland-greenland-2024-4">eclipses in 2026</a> and 2027.The 2026 eclipse will be visible in Greenland, Iceland, Spain, Russia, and part of Portugal, according to<a target="_blank" href="https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/"> NASA</a>.Holland America, Cunard, and Princess are just a few of the cruise lines planning trips near some of these destinations for the 2026 eclipse.For the 2027 eclipse, Egypt's pyramids will have a spectacular view and Viking is planning a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.vikingrivercruises.com/cruise-destinations/egypt/total-eclipse-on-the-nile/2027-cairo-cairo/index.html">Nile River cruise</a>.Oluseyi chased eclipses for a decade and said you need to be in the right place and have clear weather. The weather can turn quickly "because of the temperature drop that accompanies the moon shadow," he said.Being on a boat may offer some flexibility. "The deck team can make decisions to reposition based on weather and visibility reports and will do all they can to ensure guests see these events," Grigsby said.<h2 id="04b4929b-36c4-4569-81f0-4259d792bf67">See something new in the Southern Hemisphere.</h2>For those who live in the Northern Hemisphere, crossing the equator offers some new views of the sky."What's really dramatic about the Southern Hemisphere is the galactic sky that you don't really get in the Northern Hemisphere," Oluseyi said.In the Southern Hemisphere, the star-packed center of the galaxy, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/3-d-map-of-the-milky-way-galactic-bulge-2013-9">galactic bulge</a>, is directly overhead.There are also two satellite galaxies — the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronomers-share-images-of-galaxies-from-retired-telescopes-2022-6">Large and Small Magellanic Clouds</a>. The first time he saw them, Oluseyi said he couldn't stop staring. They're "so dang big, bright, and ever-present," he said. Royal Caribbean, Norwegian, and Viking all offer cruises to Australia and New Zealand, southern Africa, and South America. You can see the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds year-round but keep in mind that the best southern hemisphere stargazing occurs in March through September when the sky is <a target="_blank" href="https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/advice/southern-hemisphere-cheat-sheet">dark</a> for longer.You can also get a better view of objects in the night sky during a new moon when there's no moonlight to drown them out.<h2 id="d5b4f9b6-a94d-47ac-9ad8-5f4566a6ffc3">Stargazing only works with the deck lights off.</h2>Cruise ships can have their own <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/worst-light-pollution-skyglow-map-2016-6">light pollution</a>, which significantly diminishes how well you can see the stars. "The lights can be so bright that you can't really see the dimmer objects, and most of the cool stuff is dim," Oluseyi said.When the lights are down, the unobstructed view can be spectacular. "I have been literally all over the world to dark sky locations," Oluseyi said, "but, man, being out in the middle of the ocean — and when they turn off the deck lights — it is one of the best."Some ships turn off their deck lights so passengers can see the skies better. You may want to inquire before you book about the cruise line's policies on this practice.Viking's rep said the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/giant-phantom-jellyfish-rare-viking-cruise-submersible-2024-6">cruise line's</a> special bird-safe lighting mode helps keep birds from flying into windows but also allows passengers to see stars.If your ship is dark enough, you might still want some help seeing the stars. You can probably leave <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/great-basin-national-park-family-vacation-stargazing-festival-tips-2023-11">your telescope</a> at home. The waves make it too unstable to view objects well. However, wide-field binoculars will let you see more than your naked eye, Oluseyi said.<h2 id="77052574-22be-4997-90b9-053fb392df93">Oluseyi's general tips for stargazing wherever you are.</h2><div type="image" title="A person looks at a total eclipse through a telescope with sunset colors in the horizon behind her." height="1920" width="2560" msid="113239262" hostid="261" sizebytes="31260"></div>Once it's dark, you want it to stay dark. "Eye adjustment is a very precious thing," Oluseyi said. It takes 30 minutes for your eyes to acclimate to the darkness, according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/advice/how-to-turn-your-iphone-screen-red-for-astronomy">The BBC</a>. Avoid peeking at your <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/is-dark-mode-better-for-your-eyes">bright phone screen</a> because once that light hits your eyeballs, they'll have to readjust again.You can also use your phone's settings to apply a red filter, which will help your eyes stay adjusted to the night sky.You'll want to prepare to be outside for a while. "It can get cold at night," Oluseyi said. His advice for stargazing from an observatory is to dress warmly and bring snacks. But it applies anywhere. You'll want to stay comfortable and awake so you don't miss the view."You'll find yourself freezing," he said. "You'll find yourself sleepy, but it's so worth it."

How to pick the best cruises to see the northern lights, eclipses, and galaxies, according to an astrophysicist

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<keyword id="55910" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Air-Pollution" source="Orion">Air pollution</keyword> is a pressing global issue that affects both developed and developing nations. Using data from the IQAir 2022 World Air Quality Ranking we will examine the <keyword id="19039904" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="most-polluted-countries-in-the-world" source="Orion">most polluted countries in the world</keyword> from 2018 to 2022, shedding light on the sources of <keyword id="13001" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Pollution" source="Orion">pollution</keyword> and the impacts on public health and the environment. 1. Chad Chad tops the list as one of the <keyword id="13437378" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="most-polluted-countries" source="Orion">most polluted countries</keyword>, with alarming levels of particulate matter (PM2.5). The sources of pollution primarily stem from various factors, including industrial activities and vehicular emissions. 2. Iraq Iraq is the second most polluted country on our list. The rise in air pollution can be attributed to increased industrial activities and a growing number of vehicles on the road. 3. Pakistan Pakistan has consistently faced severe air pollution, and the data indicates fluctuations in pollution levels. Major sources of pollution include vehicular emissions, industrial discharges, and crop burning. 4. Bahrain Bahrain, despite its small size, faces significant air pollution challenges primarily due to industrial activities and oil refineries. The government has initiated measures to combat this issue. 5. Bangladesh Bangladesh has been grappling with air pollution, mainly driven by vehicular emissions, industrial pollution, and construction activities. The health impacts are severe, leading to respiratory diseases and other health issues. 6. Burkina Faso Burkina Faso, with limited available data, experiences air pollution challenges. The lack of comprehensive data makes it difficult to identify specific sources of pollution. 7. Kuwait Kuwait's air quality is affected by factors such as industrial activities, oil refineries, and construction dust. The hot and arid climate exacerbates pollution issues, leading to health problems. 8. India India, with its rapid urbanization and industrialization, has faced significant air pollution challenges. Major cities like New Delhi often experience hazardous air quality due to vehicular emissions, industrial discharges, and construction activities. 9. Egypt Egypt's air quality is affected by emissions from vehicles and industrial activities. The political situation in the country has hindered environmental regulations and enforcement. 10. Tajikistan Tajikistan has faced fluctuations in air pollution levels, driven by factors such as vehicular emissions and industrial activities. The lack of consistent data makes it challenging to track long-term trends. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Impact on Health and the Environment" comment="subhead" text="Impact on Health and the Environment">Impact on Health and the Environment</cmsannotation> The consequences of air pollution in these countries are severe, with a high incidence of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and other health issues. Long-term exposure to <keyword id="6489235" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Polluted-Air" source="Orion">polluted air</keyword> can lead to more severe conditions such as lung cancer. In addition to its effect on human health, air pollution also damages the environment, including contributing to climate change, impairing ecosystems, and harming agricultural productivity. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Efforts to Combat Pollution" comment="subhead" text="Efforts to Combat Pollution">Efforts to Combat Pollution</cmsannotation> Many of these countries have recognized the urgent need to address air pollution and have taken measures to mitigate its effects. These efforts include improving public transportation, implementing stricter emission standards, and promoting clean energy alternatives. However, challenges such as limited resources, rapid urbanization, and political instability continue to hamper progress. International cooperation and support are crucial in addressing the problem of air pollution. Multilateral agreements and partnerships can help countries access technology, financing, and expertise to combat pollution effectively. Air pollution is a global concern, and the data from 2018 to 2022 highlights the persistent challenges faced by the most <keyword id="19165516" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="polluted-countries" source="Orion">polluted countries</keyword>. These nations must continue their efforts to improve air quality, protect public health, and safeguard the environment. The path to cleaner air involves a combination of government initiatives, international collaboration, and individual actions to reduce emissions and protect the planet for future generations.

The most polluted countries in the world: A global environmental concern

<keyword id="6580" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Lahore" source="Orion">Lahore</keyword>, the capital of Pakistan's Punjab province, was one of the most polluted major cities across the world for the second consecutive day on Thursday, according to a global air quality monitoring platform. The Punjab caretaker government on Wednesday imposed a "smog emergency" in the province with 127 million population to control the hazardous air quality as the iqair.com platform said Lahore remained the second most polluted city in the world. The government's decision came in light of the Lahore High Court's order to immediately impose a "smog emergency" in the city due to the constantly hazardous air quality index. The government said the environment department would seal industrial units with reopening only possible through a court order. The government said district administration will take strict actions to prevent stubble burning and black smoke from any chimney of brick kilns as well as factories and all brick kilns must transfer to zigzag technology. "Every smoke-emitting vehicle will be impounded and will be released only after attaining a proper fitness certificate," it said, adding that special anti-smog squads consisting of district and highway police will patrol day and night to stop stubble burning. On Wednesday, Lahore High Court Justice Shahid Karim chided the Lahore commissioner Muhammad Ali Randhawa for his failure to control the pollution. "Smog is not my personal problem but it is a matter of concern for the lives of our children. You are the custodian of Lahore city. See what you have done to it... you should be ashamed of Lahore's condition," the judge observed. Caretaker Chief Minister Mohsin Naqvi had earlier briefed caretaker Prime Minister Anwaarul Haq Kakar about the main reason for the spread of smog in Lahore as the burning of residues of crops in India's Punjab state. Kakar assured the Punjab government of taking up the issue of the smog with India at the diplomatic level.

Lahore is one of the most polluted cities in the world even as govt imposes 'smog emergency'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>I <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/solar-storm-earth-northern-southern-lights-auroras-how-to-see-2023-4">saw the northern lights</a> just outside San Francisco on Friday during a rare geomagnetic storm.</li><li>I was surprised that my phone camera captured a vibrant pink explosion, while I saw a dull red glow.</li></ul>I saw the northern lights glowing in the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bright-lights-california-sky-mystify-onlookers-space-debris-2023-3">California skies</a> last weekend — but just barely.I couldn't miss the historic opportunity to see the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-aurora-northern-lights-rare-appearance-south-solar-storm-2023-3">aurora borealis, the dancing, colorful lights</a> that usually only shimmer in Arctic skies.A giant cluster of sunspots and a series of solar eruptions caused an <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-northern-lights-dazzle-night-sky-across-the-us-europe-2024-5">extreme geomagnetic storm</a> on Friday — the first one since 2003.Over the weekend, this <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/northern-lights-sky-friday-us-solar-winds-giant-hole-sun-2023-3">solar activity brought the northern lights south</a>, as far as Arkansas, and gave us a rare chance to see it in California.So late Friday night, my friends and I drove to Mount Tamalpais State Park, about 40 minutes north of San Francisco. It was the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/darkest-skies-by-state-watch-space-events-stargazing">darkest spot</a> on a hill within an hour's drive, according to an online light pollution <a target="_blank" href="https://www.lightpollutionmap.info/#zoom=8.36&amp;lat=37.8958&amp;lon=-122.1586&amp;state=eyJiYXNlbWFwIjoiTGF5ZXJCaW5nUm9hZCIsIm92ZXJsYXkiOiJ3YV8yMDE1Iiwib3ZlcmxheWNvbG9yIjpmYWxzZSwib3ZlcmxheW9wYWNpdHkiOjYwLCJmZWF0dXJlc29wYWNpdHkiOjg1fQ==">map</a> we checked.As soon as we got out of the car, two of us pointed at a patch of sky above the parking lot trees and said "Is that it?"The night sky had a faint reddish tinge. The color was so subtle that we thought we might be imagining it. So as we walked up the path toward the top of the hill, we paused to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/northern-lights-artic-circle-trip-findland-tips-3-2023">take some photos</a>. That's when we knew we were seeing the northern lights.<div type="image" title="northern lights night sky with pink and purple glow above silhouette of treetops" height="1500" width="2000" msid="110097658" hostid="261" sizebytes="115744"></div>With the naked eye, we wouldn't have noticed the aurora if we didn't know it was there. But the photos we took with our iPhones made it seem like the sky was an explosion of bright pink.<h2 id="b2d2f1ed-81aa-4684-baae-88eb05c46608">Why photos make the northern lights look more colorful than they are</h2><div type="image" title="pink starry night sky with silhouette of hillside and trees in the foreground" height="1500" width="2000" msid="110097662" hostid="261" sizebytes="89084"></div>The aurora occurs when activity on the sun sends a flood of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/second-giant-coronal-hole-sun-solar-winds-space-weather-aurora-2023-3">solar material washing over Earth</a>.This supercharged solar wind is packed with electrically charged particles and magnetic fields. Our planet's own magnetic field channels all that solar stuff toward the North and South poles, where the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/northern-lights-aurora-origin-electrons-waves-2021-6">electrons heat up the gases in our atmosphere</a> and cause them to glow like fluorescent lightbulbs.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/severe-g4-solar-storm-heading-toward-earth-heres-what-to-know-2024-5">The solar storm on Friday</a> bombarded the planet's magnetic field so much that its particles flooded further south, past the Arctic, to create the northern lights I saw.<div type="image" title="night sky with gradation from white city lights up to blue to pink to black above a dark tree hill silhouette" height="4032" width="3024" msid="110097666" hostid="261" sizebytes="212078"></div>But cameras are more sensitive to the whole range of light than our eyes are, especially in the dark, when <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/science-of-the-white-and-gold-blue-and-black-dress-illusion-2015-2">our eyes tend to tune out color</a>.For example, my iPhone has an automatic long-exposure mode for dark settings. When I take a photo at night, it takes multiple snapshots for three seconds, then stitches them together, allowing the camera to capture even more light, which is why my aurora photos look more spectacular than what I was seeing.It also matters where you are. I was near a major source of light pollution — the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moved-san-francisco-singapore-happier-safer-cleaner-2024-2">city of San Francisco</a> — which probably drowned out a lot of the aurora.<div type="image" title="night sky with pink and blue glow above city lights peeking above the dark silhouette of a hill with a person on it looking out" height="1500" width="2000" msid="110097670" hostid="261" sizebytes="39074"></div>Compare that to the below picture that astrophotographer Dan Bartlett took about 200 miles east of me, in June Lake, California, near Yosemite. He was at roughly the same latitude but under much darker skies.<div type="image" title="northern lights pink glow with spikes and green rim along the horizon in the night sky above a tree-lined lake" height="998" width="1331" msid="110097673" hostid="261" sizebytes="130684"></div>While he told me he spotted spikes and waves changing second by second with his naked eye, all I could see was a diffuse glow.<h2 id="1b9fa936-cc66-41ed-ad5f-7f356a3ea346">Cameras might also lie to you about the aurora's colors</h2>Another pitfall of seeing the aurora through a phone is that the colors aren't always true.The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/astronaut-photo-aurora-from-international-space-station-2021-9">color of an aurora</a> indicates its altitude, as well as the type of molecules in the atmosphere that are creating it. Green, for example, usually comes from oxygen atoms at lower altitudes in the atmosphere. Pink or red can indicate high-altitude oxygen or nitrogen at very low altitudes.My phone also picked up a field of purple in some images, which could indicate low-altitude nitrogen — but that could have been a trick of the pixels."Obviously, screens do not always reproduce the natural colours reliably," Maria Walach, a space plasma physicist who researches auroras at Lancaster University, told BI in an email. "Additionally, you can get all sorts of colours from mixing and different viewing angles, which sometimes makes it tricky to tell."And, of course, photos you see online could always be edited after the fact."Don't be misled. I mean, the camera does its own processing but you know that you could go in and change that processing level to your tastes," Bartlett said. "You could saturate the colors and make it grotesque, you could do anything you want with it."<h2 id="2b1a3fbe-67c1-4e90-a893-43e76e0c07e3">Go see the aurora, just know it might be faint</h2>This rare event isn't over. More eruptions on the sun are sending electromagnetic material our way, meaning much of the northern US could get the aurora again on Monday night.There may be even more opportunities this year. After all, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sun-more-active-solar-storms-auroras-power-outages-grounded-flights-2023-2">the sun is close to the maximum activity level</a> that it reaches every 11 years, meaning there will probably be more solar eruptions that bring the aurora to unusual latitudes. I think it's absolutely worth seeing, even if it's faint like mine was. I'm glad I stayed out until 3 a.m. to catch it.But if you're in the middle of the US or at a similar latitude elsewhere on Earth, don't expect to see the bright pink and green glow that photos all over social media are showing. They can be a bit misleading.

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