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<br /><br /><ul><li>A collective called Parcham is using football to empower women and bring equality in India's largest Muslim ghetto — Mumbra.</li><li>However, India's new citizenship laws have been a huge setback to the work that Parcham has been doing.</li><li>"There is a need for us to build solidarities and get to know each other a little bit better," co-founder of Parcham, <keyword id="245150" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sabah-Khan">Sabah Khan</keyword>, told Business Insider in an interview.</li></ul>Football has often been acclaimed as a powerful tool for unity and healing the world. In suburbs of Mumbai, a collective called Parcham is trying to use that magic to empower women in India's largest Muslim ghetto — Mumbra.<br /><br />"We use football to engage with adolescent girls. Through the game, what we're trying to do is, break the stereotype around how people expect girls to be," said Sabah Khan, co-founder of Parcham, in an interview with Business Insider.<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="Football Camp - Siddesh Raghavendra-7" msid="74533642" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Football camp hosted by Parcham&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



<br />However, India's recent citizenship law, the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), isn't making work easy for them. Khan believes that it's widened the divide between the government and the Muslim community.<br /><br />"It has been a huge setback to everything that we've been doing," she said. "We are trying to get past the disillusion that the community has with the government. Off and on things are said — like 'we're secondary citizens', 'no-one's going to be listening to us' and stuff like that."<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="Mumbra Practise" msid="74533648" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Football practice in Mumbra&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



<br />Currently, one of the collective's main tasks is to find clarity on where elected officials stand on the rollout of the National Population Register (NPR). They have been participating in protests and meeting with officials, but there's no denying that CAA has already had a detrimental effect. <br /><br />"It reinforces the notion that 'we are really not wanted' and 'this is how the country sees us' [among the community]," said Khan.<br /><br /><strong>Women have common aspirations — irrespective of religion<br /></strong>When Khan decided to introduce the football initiative in Muslim ghettos, there were other options on the table — some girls even suggested playing cricket or kho-kho. However, at the end of the day, only football made the cut.<br /><br />"Football is a means for us to further what we stand for. In that way, football is a team game. It means that everyone is out there together and no one is waiting for anyone else to get run out and leave the field," she explained.<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="Football Camp - Siddesh Raghavendra-47" msid="74533651" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Football camp&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



<br />Parcham primarily reaches out to pre-adolescent Muslim girls but encourages Muslim and non-Muslim girls to play together. Over time, the collective found that their aspirations have a lot in common, irrespective of which religion they followed.<br /><br />"The kind of atmosphere that the country is going through, there is a need for us to build solidarities and get to know each other a little bit better. In the absence of this kind of interaction, it's a breeding ground for all kinds of prejudice and bigotry," said Khan.<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="Interaction with parents 2" msid="74533645" hostid="261"></div>



<br /><strong>Laying claim to public spaces<br /></strong>Football is also a way for girls to feel more confident about themselves. Just the simple act of leaving the house to participate in something different is the first step towards an independent life, according to Khan. The idea is to lay claim on public spaces, access to which has been denied to women, particularly in the marginalised sectors of society.<br /><br />"Even in a city like Mumbai, which is cosmopolitan, in public parks you rarely get to see young girls play with mostly boys having access to the grounds," Khan pointed out.<br /><br />
  <div type="image" title="Sion Practise" msid="74533657" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Football practice in Sion&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



<br />However, that's easier said than done. In the beginning, playing in an open field meant getting harassed and leered at. But the band got together and successfully petitioned the electoral representation to allocate a ground specifically for girls so that they can play in peace.<br /><br />Now that field is being turned into a sports ground, which could make room for other sports as well.<br />

Here's how a collective is using football to empower women and bring unity in India’s largest Muslim ghetto

<ul class="summary-list"><li>India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi had his power pegged back in elections this week. </li><li>It was also the 35th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre in China. </li></ul><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/narendra-modi-won-already-seeing-cost-him-allies-cabinet-funding-2024-6">Narendra Modi's strongman ambitions</a> suffered a setback this week.</p><p>His Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) party fell<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/narendra-modi-win-bjp-india-election-explained-2024-6"> short of the landslide victory </a>many had predicted in the Indian elections.</p><p>As Modi becomes India's prime minister for a third time, his party will have to enter into a power-sharing agreement with alliance partners.</p><p>It's a chastening lesson from the Indian electorate for Modi, who, while boosting India's global standing, has been accused of stoking division and weakening India's democracy.</p><p>On the same day as the Indian election results, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.state.gov/on-the-35th-anniversary-of-tiananmen-square/">the world marked the 35th anniversary </a>of the June 4, 1989  Tiananmen Square massacre, which saw a brutal crackdown on pro-democracy protesters in Beijing.</p><p>In the decades since, China has slid back into Maoist-style authoritarianism.</p><p>The events this week highlighted how the competition between India and China is about more than raw power. It's also a competition between two very different political ideologies.</p><h2 id="6acd91a8-36b3-408f-85c1-259d5944f4e0"><strong>India is a flawed but thriving democracy</strong></h2><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">India is the world's largest democracy. Its first elections were held in 1951-52 after it gained independence from Britain. Free elections have been held in nearly every election cycle since, with a coup in 1975 briefly threatening India's democratic status.</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">It is a rare bright spot in a world where democracy seems to be in retreat. Even in the US, the global champion of democracy, former president Donald Trump is accused of launching an attempt to cling to power illegally after losing the 2020 election.</p><div type="image" title="Indian voters" height="683" width="1024" msid="110819479" hostid="261" sizebytes="88454"></div><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">"India isn't a perfect democracy but it is still a role model for developing nations, large or small. And given trends in some Western democracies, I would have to say that there are several things they, too, should be learning from India," said Jabin T. Jacob, an expert on India-China relations at Shiv Nadar University, India.</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">India's democracy, though, faces a stern test under Modi, say critics. Global democracy watchdog <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-56393944">Freedom House in 2021</a> downgraded India's democratic status, saying Modi's Hindu nationalist movement had menaced journalists, attacked Muslims, and corroded civil liberties.</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">Jacob said this week's results showed India's democracy remained resilient despite the pressures, while dealing a blow to a leader seen to have overstepped his authority.</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">"We have just seen an election in which the Indian electorate decided that their interests are best served by power shared more evenly among a set of political formations that represent diverse interests and aspirations. That is the essence of democracy," he said.</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">"The Indian electorate is a very mature one, and it has always intervened in a timely fashion against authoritarian tendencies in its rulers."</p><p id="98d294de-2fb7-46c6-9c46-03d7cb7b3c69">It's unclear whether Modi will now double down on the nationalism he's championed or seek a more moderate path based on economic reform.</p><h2 id="c1fe728e-200a-4edb-8d77-94ea6111c952"><strong>China's rise comes at a high cost</strong></h2><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">There are those in India, though, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ft.com/content/daa87f88-ae0e-11e3-974d-00144feab7de">who have been astonished</a> at the speed and efficiency of China's rise to economic superpower status.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">China has become the world's second-largest economy, and the lives of millions of ordinary Chinese people have been transformed. Though India has made huge economic progress under Modi, it still lags behind.</p><div type="image" title="China high speed rail" height="644" width="1024" msid="110819477" hostid="261" sizebytes="117068"></div><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">"Perhaps the greatest challenge democracy faces in India is that is has failed to deliver the kind of sustained economic development enjoyed by neighbors like China over the last four decades. It has also failed to eliminate extreme poverty," wrote Chatham House <a target="_blank" href="https://www.chathamhouse.org/2022/04/democracy-india">analyst Gareth Price in 2022.</a></p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">But with prosperity in China, has come reduced freedom.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Since Tiananmen Square 35 years ago, China's Communist Party has rolled back many of the freedoms its citizens once had.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Its current leader, Xi Jinping, has imposed a draconian surveillance state and is considered <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-xi-jinping-ai-wreak-havoc-america-world-economy-2024-6">China's most authoritarian ruler</a> since Mao Tse Tung.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Dominic Chiu, an analyst with the Eurasia Group, told Business Insider that China's system had given it an economic advantage — but at a cost.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">"China's one-party rule in the reform era enabled consistent long-term policymaking and economic planning," he said. "This benefited China's economy immensely when the leadership decided to liberalize markets, privatize industries, and open the country up to foreign investment." </p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">But, he said, China's repressive one-party system was also deterring investors. And with China's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-falls-out-of-love-with-natural-diamonds-industry-struggles-2024-6">economy experiencing a steep </a>downturn, this poses a serious problem for its future growth.</p><h2 id="ebafe111-fa5e-49b8-95d3-f92a674d0da2"><strong>China and India vie for dominance</strong></h2><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Having achieved economic superpower status, China is now seeking to assert its power more aggressively both regionally and internationally.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Tensions with India are increasing. In 2020, clashes along the countries' Himalayan border resulted in the death of 20 Indian soldiers and four Chinese.</p><div type="image" title="India-China border" height="683" width="1024" msid="110819475" hostid="261" sizebytes="158650"></div><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849"><a target="_blank" href="https://uk.news.yahoo.com/modi-mission-assert-indias-global-123002908.html">Analysts told BI</a> that building stronger alliances to counter Chinese aggression will be one of the core aims of Modi's third term.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">And its commitment to democracy hands it an important advantage, said Jacob.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">"India's democratic status is critical for its international standing. It is an opportunity to develop a model of economic and political development that is both equitable and democratic and thus distinct from the aggressive capitalism of the US or the authoritarianism of the PRC," he said.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">In 2021, India entered<a target="_blank" href="https://uk.news.yahoo.com/modi-went-straight-reelection-needling-103142130.html"> into the "Quad" partnership </a>with democracies the US, Japan, and Australia, to counter what is perceived as growing Chinese aggression in the Pacific and Indian Ocean.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">It's a political alliance that would've been more difficult to broker if India was ruled by an authoritarian government,<a target="_blank" href="https://www.brookings.edu/articles/democracy-and-the-us-india-relationship/"> say observers.</a></p><h2 id="b9b7d5ac-0c25-43f4-adf2-9128d9242020">Competing nationalist visions</h2><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Some analysts, though, say that the competition between India and China is not, at its core, about competing political systems but about competing nationalist visions.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">According to this interpretation, both Xi and Modi are committed to restoring what they see as their nation's rightful place at the top of the global order.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">But in his quest to strengthen India, critics are warning Modi not to undermine the commitment to democracy and pluralism they believe is at the heart of its post-independence success.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">Jacob said those in India jealous of China's economic might should look more closely at the reality.</p><p id="ed1b1623-b6ba-4ea1-aa4a-cca69662d849">"Indians who argue against democracy using the China comparison clearly don't understand anything about the reality of China and the Chinese people," he said.</p>

The competition between India and China is about more than raw power

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> reported a record number of COVID-19 cases for the fifth straight day on Monday.</li><li>Gravediggers are burying 35 to 40 bodies every day at Delhi's largest <keyword id="29199" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="muslim">Muslim</keyword> <keyword id="166769" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="cemetery">cemetery</keyword>, the caretaker told us.</li><li>The burial ground is running out of space, with only about 110 spaces left for COVID victims.</li></ul>

Delhi's largest Muslim cemetery is running out of space as India's COVID-19 death toll reaches a record high

Photos show how one of the world's largest slums defied the odds and contained its coronavirus outbreak

<br /><ul><li>Prabha Desai is the director of Sanmitra Trust, a voluntary trust that works on the ground level in Mumbai's second-largest slum — Malwani.<br /></li><li>In an interview with Business Insider, Desai shed light on how having the right laws in place is an integral step towards fighting stigmas in society and ensuring identity.<br /></li><li>Desai's has been a part of the advocacy to scrap <keyword id="6362797" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="section-377">Section 377</keyword>, fight Mumbai's HIV epidemic, and legalise dance bars in the city.<br /></li></ul>It's not easy to spread hope in Mumbai's second-largest slum, Malwani. But, Prabha Desai is fighting against the stigmas to ensure employability and dignity of labour for women in the colony.<br /><br />On the ground, she works with female and floating sex workers, HIV+ children and women, and transgender individuals within the community. However, as the director of Sanmitra Trust, she's also done a lot of advocacy work — including decriminalising homosexuality by getting Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) scrapped and fighting against the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, which curtails the rights of sex workers in the country.<br /><br />"Final outcome is that we have a more inclusive society and sex is longer stigmatised, at least legally. Socially, it will take some time," Desai told Business Insider in an interview.<br /><strong><br />Getting the law on your side<br /></strong>Before 2017, Mumbai was engrossed in a battle against HIV with no laws in place to keep it in check. As an activist, Desai was able to participate in the process of bringing about the HIV Aids Act through a lawyer's collective. With a concrete law in place, she could now work with the police more effectively to remove the taboo around HIV.<br /><br />"Law creates an enabling environment on paper… In the last ten years, we have worked with the police for AIDS control and made them aware that we're not doing illegal things — we're not doing wrong things. First, remove the bias from your mind," she said.<br /><br />Now, every police station in Desai's community cooperates with her, but that's largely thanks to the putting concrete laws in place to strengthen her argument. People have also come to the realisation that the fight against AIDS isn't a one-person task but something for which the community needs to rally together.<br /><br />"Things are moving now. If law is not your side — on the side of these people who are facing discrimination and isolation — then there are so many problems. The biggest obstacles are over," she remarked.<br /><br /><strong>Women taking charge<br /></strong>Having the right laws in place helps isolated women in society have an identity. Desai has worked with lawyers to legalise dance bars in Mumbai and scrap Section 377 to ensure to create a more inclusive society.<br /><br />"We fought against the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act. We participated and demanded that it should be decriminalised and it shouldn't be an offence. Women should not be punished," she said.<br /><br />However, that's only one part of the problem. The second is making sure that these women have other options — a way to participate in the economy and be financially independent, by having access to opportunity. In service of that goal, Desai set up an alternative trade skill training centre.<br /><br />Now, she's in the process of launching her own mega-textile cluster for tannery operations with 500 women on board.<br /><br />Other changes have been happening on the ground as well. Women in Malwani are now looking to drive, have their own bank accounts — and know how to bank online. 52 women from the community got their licences last year, of whom four were HIV+.<br /><br />"In my area, now women wearing a burqa and going on scooty is common, nobody looks at them also," said Desai.<br /><br />There's still a long road ahead to fix all the problems that Malwani faces. The area has its own infrastructural problems — like lack of drainage and sanitation — which makes work twice as hard. But, with the law on their side, Desai feels things are going to improve even faster now.<br />

Fighting AIDS, decriminalising LGBTQ+, and legalising dance bars are only some of the achievements by a woman fighting stereotypes in Mumbai's second-largest slum

Geneva, Jul 11 () The World Health Organisation has praised the efforts taken to contain the spread of the COVID-19 in Dharavi, one of the world's largest slums, underscoring the need for community engagement along with national unity and global solidarity to turn the pandemic around. <p>Dharavi, which is located in India's commercial capital Mumbai, is spread over an area of 2.5 square kilometres and has a population of 650,000. People live in shanties and dilapidated buildings with narrow lanes and open sewers. </p><p>The first COVID-19 patient in Dharavi was found on April 1, nearly three weeks after Mumbai recorded its maiden positive case on March 11. </p><p>Addressing a virtual press conference here on Friday, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said there were many examples from around the world that have shown that even if the outbreak is very intense, it can still be brought back under control. </p><p>"And some of these examples are Italy, Spain and South Korea, and even in Dharavi - a densely packed area in the megacity of Mumbai," Ghebreyesus said. </p><p>On June 9, the tally of the coronavirus cases in Dharavi, once a COVID-19 hotspot in the city, reached 2,347 after nine new infections were detected. Mumbai has recorded over 88,000 COVID-19 cases and 5,129 deaths. </p><p>Dharavi has only 291 active COVID-19 cases, while 1,815 patients have recovered and discharged from COVID-19 facilities. </p><p>Ghebreyesus also underlined that only aggressive action combined with national unity and global solidarity can turn the COVID-19 pandemic around. </p><p>He also stressed the importance of leadership, community participation and collective solidarity to control the virus. </p><p>"A strong focus on community engagement and the basics of testing, tracing, isolating and treating all those that are sick is key to breaking the chains of transmission and suppressing the virus," he added. </p><p>On Saturday, India's COVID-19 tally reached 8.2 lakh with 27,114 new cases with 22,123 deaths. </p>According to the Johns Hopkins University data, globally, there are over 12 million COVID-19 cases and the disease has claimed over 560,000 lives. RS AKJ RS RS

WHO chief praises efforts to control COVID-19 in Mumbai's Dharavi slum

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="India">India</keyword>'s <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> <keyword id="410898" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="outbreak">outbreak</keyword> has exploded to 100,161 cases and 3,144 deaths. It's now the largest in <keyword id="21718" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="Asia">Asia</keyword>.</li><li>Prime Minister Narendra Modi imposed a strict nationwide lockdown on March 25, which has since been extended multiple times.</li><li>Some restrictions have lifted, allowing the agriculture industry and small shops to reopen in an effort to revive the struggling economy.</li><li><keyword id="6358070" type="DEFINITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="mumbai">Mumbai</keyword> has been wrecked by the virus, but cases are beginning to emerge in rural areas as millions of migrant workers head home from major cities where they made their livelihood.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul><p>India is not only home to 1.35 billion people, but also to Asia's largest coronavirus outbreak.</p><p>On Monday, the country reported its largest single-day increase: 5,242 cases and 157 deaths, the <a href="https://apnews.com/4942800e0324da1932440617f2fa49c5">Associated Press</a> reported. That surge raised its total to <a href="https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6">100,161 cases and 3,144 deaths</a>. </p><p>India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-high-population-density-lack-hygiene-complicate-india-coronavirus2020-3">imposed one of the world's strictest lockdowns</a> on March 25.</p><p>"There will be a total ban of coming out of your homes. Every district, every lane, every village will be under lockdown," he said, according to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/world/coronavirus-updates-maps.html#link-1854b568">The New York Times</a>.</p><p>Modi estimated at the time that India needed about three weeks to curb the infection's spread, stressing, "If we're not able to manage the pandemic in the next 21 days, the country and your family will be set back for 21 years."</p><p>The government has since been forced to extend the sweeping restrictions several times as the coronavirus has raced across the crowded nation. The most recent extension is set to end on May 31. </p><p><div type="image" title="indian man coronavirus lockdown" height="1179" width="2357" msid="75815587" hostid="261"></div></p><p>Mumbai has been hardest hit, with 20% of the country's cases and 25% of all deaths, the Times reported.</p><p>The city of 20 million-plus residents is not only India's financial hub but also where Bollywood and Dharavi, Asia's largest slum, are located. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/14/world/asia/mumbai-lockdown-coronavirus.html">According to the Times</a>, local hospitals have been overrun and police officers are stretched thin. In Dharavi, social distancing at home is nearly impossible, as typically more than half a dozen residents live in rooms bookended by concrete slabs covered with tin roofs.</p><h2>Migrant workers have been hit hard by the crisis</h2><p>Among the worst of the population wracked by the virus are some 40 million migrant workers who, when jobs dried up, found themselves stranded in major cities without money or food. Some were forced to walk hundreds of miles over days to get home.</p><p>"This lockdown is totally inhuman," lawyer-activist Prashant Bhushan, who has filed a petition in the Supreme Court seeking help for these workers to return home, told <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52360757">BBC News</a>.</p><p>"Those who test negative for <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="covid-19">COVID-19</keyword> must not be forcibly kept in shelters or away from their homes and families against their wishes," he added. "The government should allow for their safe travel to their hometowns and villages and provide necessary transportation for the same."</p><p><div type="image" title="migrant crowds coronavirus india" height="1250" width="2500" msid="75815591" hostid="261"></div></p><p>India's government relaxed some restrictions on May 4, allowing millions of migrants workers to travel by buses and special trains from major cities where they'd been working. This triggered a spike in infections in villages in rural areas where those people headed.</p><p>Modi, who introduced a $260 billion coronavirus relief package, is also gradually lifting restrictions to revive the economy. The agriculture industry and small shops have resumed business across multiple states and e-commerce deliveries have restarted.</p><p>But restaurants, hotels, colleges, schools, flights, and malls remain closed across the country, according to the Associated Press.</p><p>"It's overdue as the economic impact on India is going to be quite severe," Arvind Subramanian, a former economic adviser to the Indian government, said to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/12/world/asia/virus-india-rescue-package.html">The Times</a>.</p><p>Goldman Sachs on Monday predicted that the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/goldman-sachs-india-economy-recession-gdp-decline-45-percent-q2-2020-5">Indian economy will shrink by 45%</a> this quarter. The country's GDP will decline by 5% this fiscal year, the company said, marking India's steepest contraction since 1979.</p><p><div type="image" title="Central Reserve Police Force India coronavirus lockdown" height="1589" width="2119" msid="75815593" hostid="261"></div></p><p>Meanwhile, the lack of hygiene and lack of space to maintain social distancing continue to complicate India's coronavirus response as is the summer — with temperatures closing in on 100 degrees Fahrenheit and making it difficult for people to stay indoors — and impending monsoons.</p><p>Also, experts worry that India's testing rates are low, which is preventing officials from understanding the true scope of its coronavirus outbreak. </p><p>But, in a speech that hinted at the lockdown being eased further, Modi said that the country can't be overly bogged down by the virus, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/12/world/asia/virus-india-rescue-package.html">The Times said</a>.</p><p>"All the experts are telling us that corona will be part of our lives for a long period," he said. "But we cannot allow our lives to revolve around corona, corona, corona."</p>Read the original article on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-unprecedented-economic-recession-coronavirus-hits-unhygienic-densely-populated-slums-2020-5">Business Insider</a>

India reports the largest coronavirus outbreak in Asia as millions of migrant workers travel from packed cities to rural villages

<ul class="summary-list"><li>YouTube and Twitter blocked links to a BBC documentary about Indian PM Narendra Modi in India.</li><li>The documentary investigates Modi's role in the 2002 Gujarat riots that killed around 1,000 people.</li></ul><p>Links and videos of a BBC documentary about Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi are being blocked on YouTube and Twitter in India.</p><p>The two-part documentary, "India: The Modi Question," <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0dkb144">investigates claims about Modi's involvement</a> in the 2002 riots in Gujarat where he was serving as chief minister at the time. Over 1,000 people, mostly Muslims, were killed during the violence that was <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/01/25/india-bbc-narendra-modi-documentary/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">prompted by the murder</a> of a group of 59 Hindu pilgrims.</p><p>Kanchan Gupta, a senior adviser to the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, <a href="https://twitter.com/KanchanGupta/status/1616745170183278592?s=20&amp;t=stVSReQ6AmOzwthPM4Heew" target="_blank" rel="noopener">tweeted on Saturday</a> that the office "issued directions for blocking multiple" YouTube videos showing the first episode of the documentary. The ministry also ordered Twitter to block "over 50 tweets with links to these YT videos," he said.</p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/KanchanGupta/status/1616745174230601728?s=20&amp;t=stVSReQ6AmOzwthPM4Heew" target="_blank" rel="noopener">He tweeted</a> that the ministry is using "emergency powers under the IT Rules," introduced by Modi in 2021, and that YouTube and Twitter have complied in India.</p><p>Modi is part of the BJP, or Bharatiya Janata Party, which has been India's ruling political party since 2014 when Modi took office. He has <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/01/25/india-bbc-narendra-modi-documentary/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">denied contributing to the violence</a> depicted in the documentary.  </p><p>Gupta <a href="https://twitter.com/KanchanGupta/status/1616745166290976769?s=20&amp;t=stVSReQ6AmOzwthPM4Heew" target="_blank" rel="noopener">criticized the documentary on Twitter</a>, calling it "hostile propaganda," and "anti-India garbage." He <a href="https://twitter.com/KanchanGupta/status/1616745189636468736?s=20&amp;t=SF4DNMs_HUqCOCNk77471A">accused the BBC</a> of having a "colonial mindset," and said the documentary was "undermining the sovereignty and integrity of India."</p><p>A YouTube spokesperson told Insider in a statement that, "The video in question has been blocked from appearing by the BBC due to a copyright claim." </p><p>A spokesperson for the BBC said it "has not asked Twitter to remove any content relating to the documentary. As is our standard practice, we issue Takedown Notices to websites and other file sharing platforms where the content infringes the BBC's copyright." The documentary has been broadcast only in the UK on the BBC's video on-demand service. </p><p>The spokesperson said the documentary "examines the tensions between India's Hindu majority and Muslim minority and explores the politics of India's PM Narendra Modi in relation to those tensions."</p><p>"The documentary was rigorously researched according to highest editorial standards. A wide range of voices, witnesses and experts were approached, and we have featured a range of opinions – this includes responses from people in the BJP. We offered the Indian Government a right to reply to the matters raised in the series – it declined to respond," the spokesperson said.</p><p>Twitter did not immediately responded to Insider's request for comment.</p><p>Two Parliamentary members of the opposition party All India Trinamool Congress, shared links to the documentary. Derek O'Brien's <a href="https://twitter.com/derekobrienmp/status/1616669755938852864?s=20&amp;t=4GDfBN_CzkUSKedTzHUS9w">tweet was removed;</a> Mahua Moitra <a href="https://twitter.com/MahuaMoitra/status/1617000517850517504?s=20&amp;t=qPKiHJS_Yu1rmqHMLTBJqg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">shared an archived link to the video</a> but it longer works. In a tweet with the link she said, "Sorry, Haven't been elected to represent world's largest democracy to accept censorship."</p><p>Twitter CEO Elon Musk responded to a tweet asking him about <a href="https://theintercept.com/2023/01/24/twitter-elon-musk-modi-india-bbc/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Intercept's article</a> on removing the documentary and said it was the first he'd heard of it.</p><p>"It is not possible for me to fix every aspect of Twitter worldwide overnight, while still running Tesla and SpaceX, among other things," <a href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1618319479662055426?s=20&amp;t=jW_EEvhz1sXUZwJcVdysig">Musk tweeted</a>.</p><p>Musk has called himself  "a free speech absolutist," but<a href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1519036983137509376?s=20&amp;t=aZ7-aBjX7n_ff5C0bLW9FA"> clarified in another tweet in April</a> that, "By 'free speech', I simply mean that which matches the law. I am against censorship that goes far beyond the law."</p>

YouTube and Twitter are blocking links and videos sharing a BBC documentary in India about its prime minister

<ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>India's parliament passed a new amendment to its citizenship law earlier this month, providing a pathway to citizenship for Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian religious minorities while singling out its minority Muslim population. </strong></li><li><strong>The amended act has been <a href="https://twitter.com/UNHumanRights/status/1205451656495861761">slammed by critics</a> and has sparked deadly protests around the country.</strong></li><li><strong>The fight that has erupted over the citizenship bill is reflective of the country's <a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/2124474/india-no-country-muslims">rising tide of bigotry</a> directed towards minorities, in particular, its Muslim population, which makes up about 14% of the country's massive 1.3 billion people.</strong></li><li><strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</strong></li></ul><p>A controversial amendment to a law was recently passed in India, sparking deadly protests around the country and leading some to question the country's democratic values.</p><p>On December 11, India's parliament passed an amendment to its Citizenship Act of 1955, which sets out guidelines for becoming a citizen in the country. The 2019 revision added a religious element to the bill, providing a pathway to citizenship for Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian religious minorities who fled neighboring Muslim-majority countries Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. </p><p>The amended act has been <a href="https://twitter.com/UNHumanRights/status/1205451656495861761">slammed by critics</a> as anti-Islam, and they say it further marginalizes India's sizeable Muslim minority. Violent protests have erupted across the country in response, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-burning-protests-new-citizenship-act-2019-12">resulting in the deaths of six people</a>. Dozens more have been arrested or injured in clashes with police.</p><p>The fight that has erupted over the citizenship bill is reflective of the country's <a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/2124474/india-no-country-muslims">rising tide of bigotry</a> directed towards minorities, in particular, its Muslim population, which makes up about 14% of the country's massive 1.3 billion people.</p><p>The bill has also handed more power to Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu-nationalist government in crafting a country which affords more rights to its Hindu majority and leaves room for further discrimination in the areas of governance and public space. </p><h2><strong>What exactly does the bill say?</strong></h2><p><strong></strong></p><strong></strong><p>India's Citizenship Act was first established in 1955 and created comprehensive guidelines related to citizenship in the country.</p><p>It has been amended several times, including at 2003 amendment that authorized the government to keep a national register of all of its citizens (referred to as the NRC). Today, the register has not yet been implemented except in the northeastern state of Assam, which is home to a Muslim-majority population. </p><p>The most recent changes to the Citizenship Act (often referred to locally as CAB or CAA) were passed by India's lower house of parliament - the Lok Sabha - on December 10, before being cleared by the upper house of parliament  - the Rajya Sabha - a day later. The bill was signed into law by President Ram Nath Kovind.</p><p>The bill was introduced by Indian home affairs minister Amit Shah, a leading member of ‎Modi's right-wing Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, and it promised to provide refuge for persecuted religious minorities from three neighboring Muslim-majority countries who entered India before 2015.</p><p>Notably, the act excludes Muslim migrants "as they do not face religious persecution in these Islamic countries," India's parliament <a href="https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=195783">said in a statement</a> after the bill's passage. </p><p>The bill also leaves out two neighboring Buddhist countries, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, which have experienced major refugee crises in recent years. There are about 59,000 Sri Lankan Tamil refugees residing in over 100 camps in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, according to <a href="https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30328790.ece">Indian magazine Frontline</a>, and about 30,000 that live outside these camps.</p><p>The bill also ignores what the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22491&amp;LangID=E">UN has deemed the world's most persecuted minority</a>, the Rohingya Muslims, who suffered ethnic and religious cleansing at the hands of the Burmese military in Myanmar. Authorities <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-rohingya-india-idUSKCN1AU0UC">have reportedly pledged</a> to deport the estimated 40,000 Rohingya refugees currently residing in India, despite facing danger in their home state. </p><p>"The only religion that the Modi government follows is the Constitution of India," the statement added.</p><p>In the statement, Shah "reiterated that the Bill is not against any Minority in India and the rights of each Indian Citizen will be equally protected."</p><p>The bill does not apply to Assam and other indigenous areas.</p><p>A spokesperson for the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25425&amp;LangID=E">called</a> the act "discriminatory in nature" and said it undermines India's democratic framework:</p><p>"The law isn't truly about protecting the region's religious minorities," <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/12/17/india-citizenship-law-protests-narendra-modi-amit-shah-founding-fathers/">wrote Ravi Agrawal and Kathryn Salam of Foreign Policy</a>. "Instead, it challenges India's secularism by making religion part of the basis for citizenship."</p><p>The Citizenship Act has spurred thousands of people from human rights groups, universities and religious groups to come out in protest this month. On December 15, clashes between police and students escalated on two Muslim university campuses - Aligarh Muslim University in Uttar Pradesh and of Jamia Millia Islamia in New Delhi - resulting in police <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/17/india-protests-students-condemn-barbaric-police">using batons and tear gas on students</a>.</p><p>The unrest has even led authorities to deploy army personnel and <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/curfew-relaxed-few-hours-guwahati-assam-boils-caa-1628386-2019-12-15">impose a curfew in Assam</a>, as protests boil over. </p><h2>This is not the first time the government has targeted its Muslim population</h2><p><strong></strong></p><strong></strong><p>India's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party has taken steps to further marginalize the country's Muslim population since coming into power in 2014.</p><p>The NRC's exclusive use in Assam has been derided by critics as a way to of stoking religious tensions. According to a <a href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW18C-01%20MDDS.XLS">2011 census</a>, Muslims makeup nearly 35% of Assam's population, and are a majority in eight of the state's districts. </p><p><a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/assam-final-nrc-list-out-over-19-lakh-people-excluded-1593769-2019-08-31">In August</a>, 1.9 million people from the region were excluded from the register, effectively stripping them of citizenship. <a href="https://amnesty.org.in/news-update/uncertain-destiny-for-millions-in-assam-post-nrc/">Amnesty International</a> has criticized the NRC and says it leaves the futures of millions of people in the region uncertain.</p><p>In September, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-building-mass-detention-center-illegal-immigrants-assam-citizenship-2019-9/commerce-on-business-insider">India began construction</a> on a large-scale detention center in the Goalpara district of Assam meant to hold at least 3,000 detainees, according to Reuters. </p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/kashmir-india-revoke-article-370-quasi-independence-internet-tourists-2019-8">And in August</a>, India also revoked part of its constitution which gave the disputed region of Jammu and Kashmir a special status and quasi-independence. Over the past four months, Kashmir, which is home to a significant Muslim population, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/12/kashmiri-artists-resisting-india-months-long-lockdown-191207062705088.html">has been off from communication, held on lockdown</a>, and is now directly under the control of India's federal government in New Delhi. </p><p>As part of shutting down communication, residents in Kashmir have lost access to phone lines and the internet. According to advocacy groups, the internet shutdown in the region is the <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/indias-internet-shutdown-in-kashmir-is-now-the-longest-ever-in-a-democracy/2019/12/15/bb0693ea-1dfc-11ea-977a-15a6710ed6da_story.html">longest-ever crackdown imposed on a democracy</a>. Only authoritarian countries, like China and Myanmar, have experienced longer internet shutdowns.</p><p>The four-month internet blackout has been so severe that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/whatsapp-kashmir-accounts-removed-internet-blackout-2019-12">WhatsApp is deleting the accounts</a> of residents in the region because they've been inactive for so long. </p><h2><strong>State-sanctioned discrimination against Muslims has had dire consequences</strong></h2><p><strong></strong></p><strong></strong><p>The Modi government's attitudes and policies towards minority groups has sparked racially motivated clashes, and observers say that the ruling Hindu party has fostered a culture of impunity through its inaction in addressing violence.</p><p>Shah, who crafted the citizenship bill, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/india-election-speech/amit-shah-vows-to-throw-illegal-immigrants-into-bay-of-bengal-idUSKCN1RO1YD">vowed in April</a> to throw illegal Muslim immigrants from neighboring Bangladesh into the Bay of Bengal. He has also <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/bjp-amit-shah-hindu-refugees-mamata-bannerjee-1499691-2019-04-11">previously referred</a> to illegal immigrants as "termites." </p><p>India has also seen an increase in attacks against its Muslim minority in recent months. A February 2019 report from <a href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/02/18/violent-cow-protection-india/vigilante-groups-attack-minorities">Human Rights Watch</a> found that between May 2015 and December 2018, at least 36 Muslims were killed across 12 Indian states. Roughly 280 people were injured across 20 states during the same period, the rights group added.</p><p>In a particularly gruesome case last year, an eight-year-old Muslim girl was kidnapped, raped, and killed in Jammu and Kashmir by a group of Hindu men with the intention of committing the crime <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/six-men-convicted-in-rape-of-8-year-old-girl-that-shocked-india/2019/06/10/cde7b17c-8b5f-11e9-b162-8f6f41ec3c04_story.html">in order to drive away Muslim nomads in the area</a>. </p><p>The country has also seen a <a href="https://www.trtworld.com/asia/in-southern-kashmir-there-s-little-enthusiasm-for-india-s-elections-26253">crackdown on protests</a>, attacks on the <a href="https://thewire.in/politics/narendra-modi-amit-shah-bjp-india-media">free press</a>, and history books <a href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/india-modi-culture/">have been rewritten</a> in favor of Hindu achievements.</p><h2>India is inching towards fascism</h2><p>Experts have noted that India is straying away from its democratic values under the Bharatiya Janata Party. </p><p>"There is absolute political consensus within the Bharatiya Janata Party that India is culturally a Hindu country," Milan Vaishnav, director of the South Asia program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, told the <a href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-12-17/citizenship-law-moves-india-closer-to-being-hindu-country">Los Angeles Times</a>. </p><p>Harish Pullanoor, an editor at Quartz India, <a href="https://qz.com/india/844672/along-with-narendra-modis-rise-india-has-displayed-classic-signs-that-foreshadow-fascism/">wrote</a> in 2016 that India was "displaying classic signs that foreshadow fascism," including the disenfranchisement of religious minorities. </p><p>"The first appeal of a fascist or prematurely fascist movement is an appeal against the intruders," wrote Umberto Eco, an Italian philosopher, who wrote of a <a href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1995/06/22/ur-fascism/">list of features</a> that define a fascist state.</p><p>In April, several Muslim merchants in Old Delhi described fears of religiously-motivated violence against them. </p><p>"I could be lynched right now and nobody would do anything about it," Abdul Adnan, a Muslim businessman, told <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/11/world/asia/modi-india-elections.html">The New York Times</a>. "My government doesn't even consider me Indian. How can that be when my ancestors have lived here hundreds of years?"</p><p>According to The Times, the consensus among Indian activists and liberal political analysts is that the country, under Modi, has become "more toxically divided between Hindus and Muslims."</p><p>"In plain language, they are what we now call communal fascists," Aditya Mukherjee, a retired historian told The Times. </p><p>Historian Ramachandra Guha wrote in an op-ed in <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/08/14/india-was-miracle-democracy-its-time-downgrade-its-credentials/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/08/14/india-was-miracle-democracy-its-time-downgrade-its-credentials/">The Washington Post</a> in August that it was time to downgrade India's status as a world-class democracy. </p><p>"Given the lack of any sort of credible opposition to the Bharatiya Janata Party, the atmosphere of fear among religious minorities and the attacks on a free press, we are now a 40-60 democracy," he wrote of India. </p>

The world's largest democracy is heading toward modern-day fascism

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Apple has outsold its biggest rival, Huawei, in China and is poised to take more market share. </li><li>But it plans to move manufacturing away from China after supply chain issues.</li></ul><p>There are two sides to Apple's relationship with China.</p><p>On the one hand, Apple seems to be considering shifting its supply chain out of China to protect the company from supply chain disruptions like the one that temporarily shut down its factories in November, an effort that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-iphone-made-in-china-moving-manufacturing-2022-12">may take decades</a>.</p><p>On the other hand, China is now one of Apple's biggest consumer markets and one of the few remaining countries where it could win more market share relatively cheaply.</p><p>Based on market intelligence firm IDC data, Apple sold 33 million units from the first to the third quarter of 2022, up 50% from the same period in 2019. One in five iPhones Apple makes now ships to China. </p><p>But per the IDC, <a href="https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prAP48830922">nearly 330 million smartphones were sold in China in 2021</a>. Apple, which enjoys about 50% market share in the US and many other countries, still has room to run in China. So far, in the three quarters of 2022, 212 million smartphones have been sold in China, with Apple taking a 15% share. In the third quarter alone, <a href="https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prAP49810522">Apple sold 10.8 million phones</a> and was the fourth largest-selling brand in the country. </p><h2>Apple willing to play ball with China's government</h2><p>While pursuing the Chinese consumer, Apple has made concessions to the Chinese government. In November, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-restricted-airdrop-capabilities-in-china-ahead-of-protests-2022-11">Apple limited the use of its AirDrop feature</a> amid protests around China's "zero COVID" policy. </p><p>Last year, reports revealed <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-tim-cook-275-billion-china-deal-regulatory-crackdown-report-2021-12">Apple CEO Tim Cook made a $275 million deal with China</a> in 2016, promising to source more materials from Chinese companies and help advance Chinese software manufacturing. </p><p>Apple seems content to court controversy in the US by offering end-to-end iCloud encryption, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fbi-criticizes-encryption-after-apple-announces-increased-iphone-icloud-security-2022-12">despite the outcry of the FBI.</a> But in China, it <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/technology/apple-china-censorship-data.html">offloaded iCloud servers to a Chinese state-owned company to comply with Chinese regulations. </a></p><p>To be fair, the company has also bowed to US government pressure. <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Tech/Semiconductors/Apple-freezes-plan-to-use-China-s-YMTC-chips-amid-political-pressure">Nikkei</a> reported Apple abandoned plans to use chips from Chinese government-backed Yangtze Memory Technologies over pressure from the US government.</p><h2>A luxury brand gaining ground</h2><p>Nabila Popal, research director of the Worldwide Tracker Team at ID, said Apple's growth in China has been tremendous, especially on the back of the success of the iPhone 12 to 14. Still, it remains a brand only for a select few.</p><p>"Apple is also a luxury or high-end brand, and it only operates on the higher end of the price band compared to other brands," Popal said. </p><p>Apple's biggest competitor in the premium smartphone market is Huawei, once the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-overtakes-samsung-as-global-leader-in-smartphone-shipments-2020-7">top-selling mobile phone manufacturer in the world</a>. The US government <a href="http://businessinsider.com/new-us-sanctions-to-slam-huawei-further-roil-tech-supply-2020-8">placed sanctions on Huawei</a> after the Trump administration accused the company of spying, restricting access to American-made chips. Subsequently, Huawei saw its phone shipments drop by 40% in the fourth quarter of last year. </p><p>With Huawei's decline, consumers looking for a $1,000 premium smartphone have no choice but to buy an iPhone. </p><p>Other brands in China have had a hard time breaking into the premium market. Popal said Huawei was the first Chinese brand to shake off the perception that Chinese phones were cheap. She noted that brands like Oppo and Xiaomi found more success catering to a more middle-class market. IDC said Apple now ranks fourth in terms of market volume in China behind Vivo, Oppo, and Honor.</p><h2>Where the brand loyalty lies</h2><p>What is not clear is how much China's consumer market values Apple. The robust buying power of Chinese consumers has attracted many top foreign brands to China's shores. But China's marketplace has been known to squeeze out foreign competition to champion domestic and more government-aligned businesses during periods of high nationalism.</p><p>Just look at what happened to Nike and Adidas. Both companies announced they <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-cotton-retailers/nike-adidas-join-brands-feeling-chinese-social-media-heat-over-xinjiang-idUSKBN2BH0Q3">wouldn't source cotton and other products from the Xinjiang</a> region of China, where the government is accused of having forced labor camps for Uyghurs, a Chinese Muslim ethnic group. </p><p>In 2021, when the government responded to Western sanctions with its own, Chinese citizens behind the act called for a boycott of the foreign brands who negatively commented on the country's affairs. <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2022-china-nationalistic-online-shoppers/">Adidas and Nike's sales tanked</a>, and local players swooped in to pick up new customers.</p><p>Apple is eager to avoid that fate. Tim Cook has criticized companies like Meta and Google for collecting information on their users. "This is surveillance," he said at a privacy conference in Brussels. "This should make us very uncomfortable. It should unsettle us."<br /><br />But Cook and Apple will likely continue to remain silent on <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/technology/apple-china-censorship-data.html">China's own surveillance policies</a>. It has repeatedly promised to "strictly abide by Chinese laws and regulations," and repeatedly removed apps that <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/apple-china-censorship-apps-flag/">have run afoul of the Chinese government</a>. <br /><br />Tim Cook spoke to China Daily, a state-owned Chinese newspaper, praising China for having "one of the most vibrant developer communities in the entire world." <br /><br />Apple regularly gets a round of bad press in the US, with <a href="https://nypost.com/2022/11/30/apples-cowardice-on-china-reveals-app-store-twitter-ban-as-pure-hypocrisy/">media outlets</a> and <a href="https://www.hawley.senate.gov/hawley-demands-apple-condemn-ccp-covid-crackdown-reduce-reliance-foreign-labor">politicians calling out Apple </a>for perceived hypocrisy. But with <a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/467160/forecast-of-smartphone-users-in-china/">hundreds of millions of</a> potential customers left to convert to iPhone users in China, Apple will absorb the hits. </p><p>Apple may not need Chinese factory workers. But, it's made the calculation that it very much needs the Chinese consumer.</p>

Apple is going to keep cozying up to the Chinese government, no matter how much it says it's investing in America, India, and other countries

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table center"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>China's Muslim minority, the Uighurs, are subject to harsh surveillance, with many interned in prison-like detention camps and forced to work.</strong></li><li><strong>Beijing justifies this crackdown as a counterterrorism measure, and calls the internment camps "free vocational training."</strong></li><li><strong>Countries in the Muslim world have largely avoided confronting Beijing over this crackdown in the past, but the tide is turning.</strong></li><li><strong>More and more Muslim countries are openly calling out China over its human rights record.</strong></li><li><strong>Human Rights Watch's China director says the next step is for the countries to take action to persuade or punish Beijing.</strong></li></ul><p>More and more countries are standing up to China over its oppression of the Uighurs, the country's majority-Muslim ethnic minority.</p><p>Beijing is accused of interning up to 1 million Uighurs in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-camps-for-muslims-look-like-jail-cells-in-purported-video-2018-11">prison-like detention camps</a>, forcing them to renounce their religion and native language, and even <a href="https://apnews.com/99016849cddb4b99a048b863b52c28cb">pushing them into forced labor</a> with little to no pay.</p><p>Activists have found evidence of Chinese authorities <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/xianjiang-province-china-police-state-surveillance-2018-7">tracking Uighurs' cellphone activity</a> in their home region of Xinjiang, also known as East Turkestan.</p><p>Others say Beijing has demanded <span>demanded the Uighur diaspora&#xa0;</span><a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/china-compiling-uighur-muslim-global-database-reports-2018-8">hand over personal information</a>,<span>&#xa0;and threatened their families if they do not.</span></p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Chinese authorities say the policies are a counterterrorism strategy, and that placing Uighurs in internment camps is "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-calls-xinjiang-uighur-detention-camps-free-vocational-training-2018-10">free vocational training</a>."</p><p><em><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-tries-to-cite-islamophobia-to-export-model-of-muslim-repression-2018-11">China is locking up its Muslim minorities, and pushing Islamophobia to get Europe to do it too</a></em></p><p>Until now,&#xa0;countries from the Muslim world <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-muslim-countries-arent-criticizing-china-uighur-repression-2018-8">have largely avoided bringing up China's Uighur crackdown</a>.</p><p>Experts say this was because countries feared economic retribution from China, or because many Arab states didn't want to draw attention to their own poor human rights records.</p><p>But the tide is turning.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><h2><strong>The crumbling wall of silence</strong></h2><p>In September, the federal minister for religion in Pakistan - China's closest economic ally in the Muslim world - openly criticized Beijing's regulation of Uighur activity, saying that the crackdown actually "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pakistan-criticizes-china-over-repression-of-muslim-uighur-xinjiang-2018-9?r=US&amp;IR=T">increases the chances of an extremist viewpoint growing in reaction</a>."</p><p>A month later, Malaysia - another major economic ally, and home to many ethnic Chinese - <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/malaysia-defies-china-over-muslim-uighur-perscutions-beijing-furious-2018-10">ignored Beijing's requests</a> to deport a group of Uighurs imprisoned in the country.</p><p>Most prominently, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation -&#xa0; a consortium of 57 countries which calls itself &#xa0;"the collective voice of the Muslim world" - <a href="https://twitter.com/OIC_OCI/status/1072400713068744704">noted</a> in December "disturbing reports" of China's Muslim crackdown.</p><p>It said it hoped China "would address the legitimate concerns of Muslims around the world."</p><p><em><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-xi-jinping-is-attacking-religion-in-china-2018-11">Jailing Muslims, burning Bibles, and forcing monks to wave the national flag: How Xi Jinping is attacking religion in China</a></em></p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>In countries where world leaders haven't stood up to China, there are prominent protests.</p><p><a href="https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/1363048/15/fadli-zon-pemerintah-indonesia-harus-bersuara-bela-muslim-uighur-1544864520">Prominent politicians</a> and <a href="https://en.antaranews.com/news/121350/indonesian-ulema-council-strongly-condemns-oppression-of-chinese-uighurs">religious figures</a> in Indonesia - the country with the highest proportion of Muslims in the world - are urging the government to speak up. It has so far refused to do so, <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/12/17/kalla-reasserts-indonesias-non-interference-stance-on-chinas-uighur-issue.html">saying</a> it that it didn't "want to intervene in the domestic affairs of another country."</p><p>Muslim groups in <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-detentions-of-muslims-trigger-protests-in-islamic-world-1538040605">India, Bangladesh, and Kazakhstan</a> also staged multiple protests&#xa0;over the Uighur detentions this year.</p><p>People have been particularly vocal in Kazakhstan, as many ethnic Kazakhs are said to be imprisoned in the China's camps. The government in June <a href="https://www.rferl.org/a/qishloq-ovozi-kazakhstan-confronts-china-over-disappearances/29266456.html">said</a> "an urgent request was expressed" over the welfare of Kazakhs detained in China, but there have not been any significant updates.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Western powers like the US, UK, and UN have criticised Beijing over its actions in Xinjiang in the past.</p><p>But the criticism of Muslim nations shows a turning tide in the world's attitude to China, said Sophie Richardson, Human Rights Watch's China director.</p><p>China has long batted away Western criticism, with state-run Global Times tabloid describing Western critics as "a <a href="http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1126028.shtml">condescending judge</a>" earlier this year. China's foreign ministry said a reported investigation by western diplomats into the Uighur issue was "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-slams-western-ambassadors-over-plan-to-grill-uighur-persecution-2018-11?r=US&amp;IR=T">very rude</a>."</p><p>Richardson said: "When governments like Indonesia or Malaysia ... or organizations like the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation speak up, China can no longer dismiss concerns about Xinjiang being some kind of Western conspiracy."</p><p>"That's very encouraging."</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><h2><strong>The world is paying attention</strong></h2><p>The rising tide of outrage against China comes as more and more of the country's human rights record was brought to light this year.</p><p>This summer journalists, academics, and activists were taken aback by the disappearance of the Chinese "X-Men" actress <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/fan-bingbing">Fan Bingbing</a>, who Chinese authorities detained and kept from the public eye for three months over accusations that she evaded taxes.</p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/meng-hongwei">Meng Hongwei</a>, the Lyon-based president of Interpol, remains missing after being mysteriously detained in China in late September. His wife <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/meng-hongwei-interpol-president-missing-china-answers-2018-11">thinks he could be dead</a>.</p><p>The New York Times also featured a story about the Xinjiang detention camps on its front page for the first time this September:</p><p>Richardson said: "Increasingly, governments are seeing the way in which China uses thuggish tactics at home and overseas on governments and citizens, and are starting to realize it's time to push back against it."</p><p>"Three months ago, if you were to tell me there would be critical language coming out of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, I would have suggested it was unlikely," she said.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><h2><strong>Next comes action</strong></h2><p>Muslim countries' speaking up against China over the Uighurs is a significant first step, but is not likely to do much by itself.</p><p>Countries now need to take concrete action to punish or persuade China to end their crackdown on the Uighurs, Richardson said.</p><p>"The question now is what everybody is willing to do," she said. "Talking and putting in consequential actions are two different things. That's where the game shifts next."</p><p>Countries will also have to be "mindful that China will fight it tooth and nail," she added.</p><p>Members of the Muslim world could demand independent access into Xinjiang to investigate reports of the detention camps, for example.</p><p>The United Nations has already been doing this for months, but Beijing <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-tells-un-to-back-off-after-alleging-xinjiang-has-1-million-in-camps-2018-9?r=UK&amp;IR=T">told it to back off</a>.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Another form of punishment could come in the form of sanctions, or cancelling contracts.</p><p>Richardson, the Human Rights Watch director, noted that the latest spate of accusations against China came at a time when multiple Muslim countries started reassessing their economic ties with Beijing.</p><p>Malaysia <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/malaysia-axes-22-billion-of-belt-and-road-projects-blow-to-china-2018-8?r=US&amp;IR=T">axed $22 billion</a>&#xa0;of Beijing-backed infrastructure projects this August. Egypt's talks with a Chinese building company for a $20 billion development also broke down this week, Bloomberg <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-12-16/china-s-20-billion-new-egypt-capital-project-talks-fall-through">reported</a>. Neither of those cancellations were over the Uighur issue.</p><p>A group of US bipartisan lawmakers last month <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.rubio.senate.gov_public_-5Fcache_files_1045ec83-2D597c-2D4418-2D9299-2Dcb5973dd24c8_997C1A8CB02CAABCEB7A415B11E8A6A2.dav18g88.pdf&amp;d=DwMFAg&amp;c=L93KkjKsAC98uTvC4KvQDdTDRzAeWDDRmG6S3YXllH0&amp;r=Unt1UKRirB_XlfpBmSNNWuLPnyNdMnHE2-JmOx-uFX4&amp;m=L6CBo4CKEsqMa_0EQAHz5AS5Y0H8uCs86L-1oP_jEKg&amp;s=TJ6kZozAeL0yfwr8o5FnEABZg3-3Cb-qangcd-aHrrk&amp;e=">introduced</a> the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act ("Uyghur" is an alternative spelling). <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-lawmakers-bill-punishing-china-over-uighur-muslim-persecution-2018-11">The act urges</a> the White House to consider imposing sanctions on Chinese officials responsible for the Uighur crackdown, as well as banning exports of US technology that could be used to oppress Uighurs.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><h2>Chinese cash could be hard to quit</h2><p>Whether Muslim countries follow suit remains to be seen, however. China is the largest trading partner of 20 of the 57 member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, according to <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-30/muslim-governments-stay-silent-as-china-cracks-down-on-uighurs">Bloomberg</a>.</p><p>Pakistan, whose religious minister criticized China's Uighur crackdown this year, is also one of the <a href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1438023">largest recipients</a> of Chinese aid and infrastructure contracts.</p><p>Earlier this month its foreign ministry rowed back the religious minister's comments, accusing the media of "trying to sensationalize" the Xinjiang issue, Agence France-Presse <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/2178987/muslim-pakistan-says-outcry-over-chinas-xinjiang-detention">reported</a>.</p><p>Mohammad Faisal, a spokesman for the foreign ministry, also appeared to echo Beijing's line on the detention camps, saying that some Pakistani citizens who were detained in Xinjiang were "undergoing voluntary training" instead.</p><div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coast-guard-boot-camp-military-basic-training-cape-may-new-jersey-2018-12">Inside the Coast Guard's 8-week boot camp where recruits go through extreme physical tests and brutal 'smoke sessions'</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

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