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<keyword id="431538" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Astrosat">AstroSat</keyword>, Indias first multi- wavelength satellite, has detected an extreme ultraviolet (UV) light from a galaxy which is 9.3 billion light-years away from Earth, the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) said on Monday. A release from the Pune-based Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics said a global team led by IUCAA scientists have achieved the major breakthrough. "Indias first multi-wavelength satellite, which has five unique X-ray and ultraviolet telescopes working in tandem, AstroSat, has detected extreme-UV light from a galaxy, called AUDFs01, 9.3 billion light-yearsaway from Earth," said it said. The discovery was made by an international team of astronomers led by Dr Kanak Saha, associate professor of astronomy at the IUCAA, and published on August 24 by 'Nature Astronomy', the release said. This team comprised scientists from India, France, Switzerland, the USA, Japan and The Netherlands. Saha and his team observed the galaxy, which is located in the <keyword id="9818101" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="hubble-extreme-deep-field">Hubble Extreme Deep field</keyword>, through AstroSat. These observations lasted for more than 28 hours in October 2016, the release stated. But it took nearly two years since then to carefully analyse the data to ascertain that the emission is indeed from the galaxy. Since UV radiation is absorbed by Earths atmosphere, it has to be observed from space, it said. Earlier, NASAs Hubble Space Telescope (HST), a significantly larger than UVIT (UV imaging telescope), did not detect any UV emission (with energygreater than 13.6 eV) from this galaxy because it is too faint, it said. AstroSat/UVIT was able to achieve this unique feat because the background noise in the UVITdetector is much less than the ones on HST," said the release quoting Saha. Saha said they knew it would be an uphill task to convince the international community that UVIT has recorded extreme-UV emission from this galaxy when more powerful HST has not. Dr Somak Raychaudhury, Director of IUCAA, said, "This is a very important clue to how the dark ages of the universe ended and there was light in the universe. "We need to know when this started, but it has been very hard to find the earliest sources of light. I am very proud that my colleagues have made such an important discovery." SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/india/news/congress-working-committee-cwc-meeting-updates-decision-on-congress-new-president-sonia-gandhi-or-rahul-gandhi/articleshow/77717675.cms">Sonia Gandhi offers to quit, Manmohan Singh holds her back and Rahul Gandhi questions party leaders — the CWC meeting reveals the cracks in Congress</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/cognizant-says-it-will-spend-2-7-crore-to-restore-sebakkam-lake-and-help-natural-marshland-pallikaranai-wetland/articleshow/77716094.cms">Cognizant says it will spend ₹2.7 crore to restore one of India's last natural marshlands in Chennai</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/banks/news/axis-bank-trims-its-investment-in-max-life-insurance-from-30-to-18/articleshow/77721249.cms">Axis Bank trims its investment in Max Life Insurance from 30% to 18%</a>

India's first multi-wavelength satellite detects galaxy 9.3 billion light years away

A US court has asked <keyword id="285457" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Antrix">Antrix</keyword> Corporation, the commercial arm of Indian Space Research Organisation, to pay compensation of USD 1.2 billion to a Bengaluru-based startup, <keyword id="406024" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Devas-Multimedia">Devas Multimedia</keyword>, for cancelling a satellite deal in 2005. As per the agreement in January 2005, Antrix agreed to build, launch and operate two satellites and to make available 70 MHz of S-band spectrum to Devas, which the latter planned to use to offer hybrid satellite and terrestrial communication services throughout India. The agreement was terminated by Antrix in February 2011. Over the next several years, Devas approached various legal avenues in India. This included the Supreme Court, which directed for a tribunal. In his order dated October 27, Judge Thomas S Zilly, US District Judge, Western District of Washington, Seattle, ruled that Antrix Corporation pay a compensation of USD 562.5 million to Devas Multimedia Corporation and the related interest rate amounting to a total of USD 1.2 billion. In its lawsuit filed in the US District Court, Western District of Washington in September 2018, Devas Multimedia said three separate international tribunals and nine different arbitrators have found the termination of the Devas-Antrix agreement to have been wrongful, with one of the tribunals describing it as "conduct 'which shocks, or at least surprises, a sense of juridical propriety,'" and another finding it to be "a clear breach of simple good faith" by India. Antrix, in November 2018, had sought the dismissal of the lawsuit citing jurisdictional issues. The court, however, asserted that it had jurisdiction over the issue, but stayed the matter for one year and asked the two to file a joint status report by April 15, 2020. On July 16, 2020, both Devas and Antrix filed the instant motion, a Joint Status Report in which they disputed whether the court should lift or extend the stay, and, if the latter, whether Antrix be required to post security. Devas, according to submissions, has argued that the US court has jurisdiction over these cases, as Antrix engages in business in this district and across the United States. Antrix and Spaceflight Industries, which is headquartered in Seattle have an agreement to provide satellite launch services using India's PSLV rocket. Antrix and RBC Signals LLC, which is headquartered in Redmond, Washington have a worldwide agreement to provide space communications services to satellite operators. Antrix in 2018 launched a satellite for Redmond, a Washington-based Planetary Resources. Antrix agreed in 2015 to launch two satellites for Colorado-based PlanetiQ. Antrix is contracted with DigitalGlobe, which has headquarters in Colorado and other locations in Florida, Virginia and Washington to procure certain satellite data, which is then distributed by the Indian Space Research Organisation's National Remote Sensing Centre. Devas said that after the initial signing of the agreement, the two companies performed in good faith for five years. Among other things, in May 2009, Dr Appanna Bhaskarnaryana, the Director of the Satellite Communications Programme Office of <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>, spent four to five weeks in the US with Devas personnel meeting with Hughes Networks, Sirius XM SkyTerra, Qualcomm and ICO North America to understand the technologies used by, and operation of, hybrid satellite-terrestrial operators providing telecommunications services. Devas subsequently conducted experimental trials in India (attended by Antrix officials, including the company's then chairman), Chengdu and Beijing in China, and Stuttgart in Germany, which successfully demonstrated the hybrid satellite-terrestrial systems and end-user terminals that Devas had developed in conjunction with a global network of leading technology players such as Alcatel Lucent, it said. On February 25, 2011, Antrix issued a termination notice to Devas, which among other things stated that the policy decision was of the central government, acting in its sovereign capacity is the event of force majeure, which was an occurrence on February 23, 2011. "The scope and duration of the said decision cannot be anticipated. It is likely to be indefinite. It is not possible for Antrix to take any effective step to resume the obligations under the agreement," Antrix said. Devas disputed Antrix's repudiation of the agreement and sought to conduct discussions among senior management as contemplated by that agreement. In June 2011, Devas commenced arbitration proceedings under the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce. Antrix initially refused to participate in the arbitration and obtained an injunction from the Indian Supreme Court enjoining the arbitration. After one year, the Supreme Court lifted the injunction, allowing the arbitration to proceed. Thereafter, Antrix participated fully in the arbitration. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/kepler-estimates-there-are-at-least-300-million-potentially-habitable-planets-within-the-milky-way-galaxy/articleshow/78946863.cms">Kepler estimates there are at least 300 million potentially habitable planets within the Milky Way galaxy</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/mit-has-a-new-ai-model-that-can-detect-asymptomatic-covid-19-patients-just-by-the-using-the-sound-of-their-coughs-recorded-over-phone-calls/articleshow/78927475.cms">MIT has a new AI model that can detect asymptomatic COVID-19 patients just by the using the sound of their coughs recorded over phone calls</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/tata-communications-executive-explains-how-iot-is-expanding-beyond-manufacturing-and-which-sectors-are-showing-the-fastest-growth/articleshow/78924587.cms">EXCLUSIVE: Tata Communications’ IoT head explains how COVID is driving the next wave of Internet of Things</a>

US court asks ISRO's commercial arm to $1.2 billion compensation to Bengaluru start-up for cancelling a satellite deal

<keyword id="3239668" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gut-microbes">Gut microbes</keyword> have immense benefit and now, new research reports that promoting a healthy gut microbiome could protect travelers from the rigours of long <keyword id="435085" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-travel">space travel</keyword>. If humans are to ever walk on Mars, they will need to endure a long space flight, but space travel can have negative impacts on health, potentially limiting how far we can go. The microgravity environment can result in muscle breakdown and reduced bone mass. It can cause nausea, meaning that sometimes space travelers struggle to eat enough (space food isn't all that nice either). The change in diet aboard a spaceship can disrupt the gut microbiome, leading to further health issues. "Changes in the microbiome are likely to lead to the breakdown of the balanced and complex relationship between microbes and their human host, with potentially severe repercussions on the functionality of body systems," said Professor Silvia Turroni from <keyword id="9900828" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="the-university-of-bologna">the University of Bologna</keyword>. The review, published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Physiology, discussed a variety of studies suggesting that disruptions in the gut microbiome occur during space travel. For instance, one study found that the microbiomes of space travelers on the same mission became more similar to each other during the journey. There was also an increase in bacteria associated with intestinal inflammation and a decrease in those with anti-inflammatory properties. However, the research review revealed that manipulating the gut microbiome may be a powerful way to maintain health on board a spacecraft. "The literature suggests that nutritional countermeasures based on prebiotics and probiotics hold great promise to protect space travelers," said Turroni. What would these microbial treatments involve? They may be as simple as nutritionally balanced meals, with lots of fiber to kickstart microbial metabolism in the gut. Other options could be more targeted, including microbial supplements, such as bacteria that secrete immune-boosting substances, or those that synthesize vitamins required for bone growth. "The well-being of the gut microbiome of space travelers should be among the primary goals of long-duration exploratory missions," said Professor Martina Heer of the University of Bonn. "To ensure the success of the mission, we must not overlook the myriad of microorganisms that reside in our gastrointestinal tract and make sure they are in balance." While future missions to Mars will undoubtedly look for evidence of microbial life on the red planet, this review suggests that it may be our homegrown microbes that get us there, the authors wrote. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-will-be-mission-repeat-of-chandrayaan-2-may-launch-early-2021-after-delay-due-to-covid-19-lockdown/articleshow/77971870.cms">'Chandrayaan-3 will be mission repeat of Chandrayaan-2' — may launch early 2021 after delay due to COVID-19 lockdown</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-chandrayaan-1-and-nasa-spot-rust-on-moon-earth-atmosphere-could-be-the-reason-why/articleshow/77926459.cms">ISRO's Chandrayaan 1 spots rusting on the Moon — NASA scientists believe Earth's atmosphere could be the reason why</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-congratulates-indian-scientists-for-discovering-one-of-the-farthest-galaxies-in-the-universe/articleshow/77883347.cms">NASA congratulates Indian scientists for discovering one of the farthest galaxies in the universe</a>

A healthy tummy is key for travelling through space finds new study

<ul><li>Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (<keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>) and the European Space Agency (ESA) have spotted a supermassive blackhole on a regular schedule.</li><li>The <keyword id="6409890" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="black-hole">black hole</keyword> gobbles up material worth four Moons, not once, but thrice a day.</li><li>It’s 400,000 times the mass of the Sun and shines 20 times brighter when it’s feeding.</li></ul>A <keyword id="2104882" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="supermassive-black-hole">supermassive black hole</keyword>, 250 million light years from Earth is eating about four Moons’ worth of material — not once — but thrice in a day. Like clockwork, the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/The-supermassive-black-hole-at-the-center-of-our-galaxy-suddenly-lit-up-brighter-than-scientists-had-ever-seen-and-nobody-knows-why/articleshow/70684341.cms">supermassive black hole</a> flares up every nine hours.This is the first time that scientists have caught a black holes this big, which is 400,000 times the mass of the Sun, on a regular feeding schedule. In fact, the phenomenon was so unprecedented that scientists had to coin a new phrase for it — X-Ray Quasi-Periodic Eruptions. "This black hole is on a meal plan like we’ve never seen before," said Giovanni Miniutti, the lead author of the study published in <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/images/scientists-discover-black-hole-has-three-hot-meals-a-day.html">Nature</a>. Brighter, hotter and hungrier The team conducting the study used the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/images/scientists-discover-black-hole-has-three-hot-meals-a-day.html">NASA</a>) Chandra X-Ray Observatory and the European Space Agency’s ESA XMM-Newton to find X-ray bursts repeating themselves in the center of the GSN 069 galaxy. "By combining data from these two X-ray observatories, we have tracked these periodic outbursts for at least 54 days" said Richard Saxton, co-author of the study. And, it wasn’t just a flicker of light. The X-ray emissions from the super massive blackhole were 20 times brighter when it was swallowing up material, than when it’s quiet. The material going into the black hole also gets hotter whenever it’s being fed on. Hotter by more than 83,000 degrees Celsius. The material itself, is a bit of a mystery. No one knows where it came from. The long standing mystery needs an answer in order for scientists to unravel the black hole’s behaviour. But, why is the black hole so hungry? "We think the origin of the X-ray emission is a star that the black hole has partially or completely torn apart and is slowly consuming bit by bit," said co-author Margherita Giustini. Black holes have been known to consume stars that have been torn apart but the observations have never been accompanied by repetitive X-ray bursts. The other theory is that there is so much energy going into the black hole that its disk becomes unstable. Due to the instability, the surrounding matter starts to fall in at an increasing rate resulting in X-ray blasts that can be observed from Earth. Large increases and decreases in a black hole’s appetite have been seen before, but they normally ever repeat over the course of months or years. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/milky-way-galaxy-black-hole-lights-up-suddenly-2019-8">The supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy suddenly lit up brighter than scientists had ever seen, and nobody knows why</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-nasa-just-spotted-a-black-hole-spinning-so-fast-that-it-could-be-making-space-itself-rotate/articleshow/66416605.cms">ISRO, NASA just spotted a black hole spinning so fast that it could be making space itself rotate</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/new-black-hole-disk-found-by-hubble-in-starved-galaxy/articleshow/70185872.cms">Hubble has found a black hole disk that should be non-existent</a>

Supermassive black hole is eating meals worth four Moons thrice a day

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/3">Breakthrough Foundation</a> An illustration of a Breakthrough Starshot "nanocraft" being propelled toward the Alpha Centauri star system with a powerful laser beam. </div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/breakthrough-starshot" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Breakthrough Starshot</a> wants to use powerful lasers to propel tiny robotic probes to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/alpha-centauri" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Alpha Centauri</a>, a nearby star system that may contain habitable planets.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/yuri-milner" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Yuri Milner</a>, a Russian-American billionaire, and other Silicon Valley investors are funding the project.</li><li>Starshot calls for a 100-gigawatt <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/lasers" target="_blank" rel="noopener">laser</a> that could shoot into space and accelerate probes called StarChips to 20% of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/speed-of-light" target="_blank" rel="noopener">speed of light</a>.</li><li>Chief engineer Peter Klupar said the laser would be brighter than the sun and "could ignite an entire city" if reflected back to Earth.</li></ul>An initiative called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/starshot-alpha-centauri-robots-stephen-hawking-yuri-milner-2016-4">Breakthrough Starshot</a> wants to explore another star system using ultra-powerful laser beams and wafer-thin spaceships.It's a goal that sounds so fantastic, you'd be forgiven for dismissing it as <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> fiction. But it's no joke, and the project's chief engineer says millions of dollars' worth of work is moving along without any major snags.Starshot's founders and collaborators include the late <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stephen-hawking-how-the-physicist-inspired-my-career-2018-3">Stephen Hawking</a>, Harvard University astronomer Avi Loeb, and Russian-American billionaire Yuri Milner. The concept is based on more than 80 <a href="https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/research/3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">scientific studies</a> about interstellar travel.Milner and other Silicon Valley investors have even paid $100 million to cover the first 10 years of research and development."They had us go and study a whole range of different approaches of how would we send an object to [another star]," Peter Klupar, the engineering director of the nonprofit <a href="https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Breakthrough Foundation</a> and its Starshot initiative, told an audience at the Economist's <a href="https://events.economist.com/events-conferences/americas/space-summit/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Space Summit</a> on November 1. "We ended up deciding that the only credible way to do it today was building a large laser based in probably Chile."<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1241e/">ESO/Digitized Sky Survey 2 Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin</a>A wide-field view of the sky around the bright star Alpha Centauri.</div></div></div>The project hopes to propel roughly 1,000 tiny <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/breakthrough-starshot-sprite-spacecraft-launch-2017-7">"StarChip" spacecraft</a> toward Alpha Centauri, the second-closest star system to Earth, at 20% of light-speed (about 134 million mph). Each "chip" would weigh 1 gram or less. Another destination under consideration is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/starshot-proxima-centauri-habitable-planet-2016-8">Proxima Centauri</a>, which is even closer to Earth and may have a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/proxima-b-potentially-earth-like-planet-around-closest-star-2016-8">habitable planet</a>.Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/alien-signals-search-for-extraterrestrial-intelligence-study-2018-10">Smart aliens might live within 33,000 light-years of Earth. A new study explains why we haven't found them yet.</a>In either case, StarChips may start careening out of the solar system in the mid-2030s. Each one would accelerate to its insane cruising speed within minutes, thanks to the mighty laser blast beamed into space from Earth.But Klupar noted that a 100-gigawatt laser "beamer" would be powerful enough to "ignite an entire city in minutes" if it were reflected off a mirror in space and back to Earth.Vaporizing cities is not the goal of Starshot, of course.Rather, if the plan works out, camera-wielding Starchips could send humanity the first close-up photos of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-space-telescope-tess-searches-for-alien-planets-2018-8">Earth-size worlds</a> by the 2060s. (The voyage would take about 25 years, then receiving data would take another 4-plus years depending on the destination.)Starshot was unveiled in 2016, and Klupar said work on the project since then has moved right along."You would think that this is all impossible, but we have folks at Caltech and the University of Southampton and Exeter University working on about 50 contracts on making all [of] this happen," Klupar said. "No one has come up with a deal-breaker that we can find yet. It all seems real."<h2>Sprites, lasers, and 'reflective smoke'</h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Breakthrough PrizeAn artist's depiction of a laser array that'd propel Starshot's "nanocraft" to nearby star.</div></div></div>Klupar and others are not deluding themselves about Starshot's <a href="https://sites.uci.edu/energyobserver/2017/09/15/challenges-to-the-starshot-dream/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">many hurdles</a>. Even the project's own <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/?query=breakthrough+starshot&amp;searchtype=all&amp;source=header" target="_blank" rel="noopener">studies</a> regularly make room for dead ends.Some of the internal research frets about the potentially untenable <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.01306" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cost of building a laser facility</a>. Other papers analyze the concept of a "light sail": the device that would need to "catch" the laser beam and convert its energy into motion.Some researchers question whether such a sail would <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.04310" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fall apart</a> when faced with the heat or mind-numbing acceleration (about 60,000 times the force of gravity on Earth's surface). There's also a risk that the sail could steer a StarChip <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.05856" target="_blank" rel="noopener">wildly off-course</a>."The sail is very thin. It's about 400 atoms thick, it weighs about a half a gram, and it's four meters in diameter," Klupar said. "I think of it as 'reflective smoke.'"There's also the pesky issue of <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05284" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gas and dust</a> that lurk between stars; such material could <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.04319" target="_blank" rel="noopener">blast a fast-moving spacecraft</a> into robotic Swiss cheese.Nevertheless, Starshot engineers and scientists either see ways around all these issues (such as accepting that a majority of spacecraft won't make it) or figure that future technological advancements could solve many of the problems within a couple of decades.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/Initiative/3">Breakthrough Starshot</a>An edited photo of Starshot's "sprite" prototype spacecraft.</div></div></div>As an example of demonstrable progress, Klupar highlighted experimental 4-gram satellites, called "sprites," built and tested <a href="https://www.mae.cornell.edu/news/breakthrough-starshot-sprites-orbit" target="_blank" rel="noopener">by Cornell</a>. In June 2017, a fleet of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/breakthrough-starshot-sprite-spacecraft-launch-2017-7">six sprites rode into space</a> aboard an Indian-built rocket."This first one was just a stunt just to see if it'd work," Klupar said. The launch was a success - the sprites used a temperature sensor and relayed the data to Earth along with a radio "beep" signal.Such tiny spacecraft could be seen as a precursor to StarChips, Klupar said."It feels a lot like the way CubeSats felt 20 years ago," he said, referring to roughly fist- to breadbox-size spacecraft that are pervasive today.Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-rocket-launch-webcast-live-stream-video-ssoa-2018-11">Watch SpaceX launch a fleet of more than 5 dozen satellites on a twice-used rocket</a>"People were saying, 'Those are toys, they're never going to develop into anything, there's no way I can see that ever working,'" Klupar said. "And today and look them: Hundreds of millions of dollars is being spent [on CubeSats]."'Starshot aims to launch more 4-gram sprites next year, though with some significant improvements that will be essential to developing a StarChip."We're going to put cameras on there, and we're going to start to put all kinds of devices on them," Klupar said.<h2>'You can get to Mars in days'</h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/mars/global-view-of-mars-from-mom-meridiani.html">ISRO/ISSDC/Emily Lakdawalla (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)</a>A photo illustration of the red planet using imagery taken by the Mars Orbiter Mission.</div></div></div>Klupar said Starshot's next five years of work is devoted to "learning how to put together these systems so that they actually operate" in the way Starshot envisions them.But before Starshot reaches for the Centauri star systems, it has a much closer target: the solar system.Around the year 2030, the project hopes to build a 1-gigawatt laser-beaming base station somewhere in the Sierra Nevada mountains (assuming it secures more funding). Such a facility would then test the concepts of laser-powered interstellar StarChip missions, but at a cost about 10 times less. The ideas is to propel probes past planets, moons, asteroids and more at 1% the speed of light."It turns out that with a 1-gigawatt system and a 10-meter sail, you can get to Mars in days, or get to Jupiter in weeks, or get to Pluto in months," Klupar said. (By contrast, it took NASA's New Horizons probe <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasas-new-horizons-probe-wakes-to-explore-ultima-thule-2018-6">about nine years</a> to reach Pluto.)Klupar estimated the whole effort would cost about $1 billion, with most of the investment devoted to the laser-beamer. Once that facility is built, though, simple and frequent deep-space exploration could be relatively cheap.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Breakthrough PrizeAn illustration of a Starshot "nanocraft" sailing toward a distant star using a powerful laser beam.</div></div></div>According to <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.01306" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a preliminary study</a> by a Starshot researcher, each "launch" of a StarChip across the solar system may cost tens of thousands or just thousands of dollars.That estimate assumes optimistic decreases in the cost of lasers, energy, and energy storage, but it's still far cheaper than the $1 billion or so typically required to send a robot to another planet.Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-mars-probe-landing-successful-science-mission-2018-11">NASA's new Mars mission just landed - and it could reveal why Earth is habitable but the red planet is not</a>The StarChip variant designed for our solar system would be about 100 grams, Klupar said - about 100 times more massive than the interstellar kind. But he added that launching any StarChip would require many nations to be involved and approve of the effort. That's because shooting a 1-gigawatt laser into space is not only bright, but could damage passing satellites (which could especially be an issue for planned satellite-internet constellations like SpaceX's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-starlink-spacecraft-pictures-elon-musk-2018-2">Starlink</a> project.)With the interstellar Starshot effort, the need for global collaboration is even more important."The 100-gigawatt laser can be seen across the galaxy. It will be brighter than the sun," Klupar said.Such a powerful laser blast would turn Earth into a brilliant beacon that loudly broadcasts "intelligent life exists here" to any alien civilization that happens to be staring down the figurative barrel."We're not really doing this just for one group of people," he said. "It's also the whole planet." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stephen-hawking-warning-space-aliens-seti-2016-12">Stephen Hawking warned us about contacting aliens, but this astronomer says it's 'too late'</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

You Searched For "isro finds galaxy" and got 6 results

India's first multi-wavelength satellite detects galaxy 9.3 billion light years away

PTI

US court asks ISRO's commercial arm to $1.2 billion compensation to Bengaluru start-up for cancelling a satellite deal

PTI

A healthy tummy is key for travelling through space finds new study

IANS

Supermassive black hole is eating meals worth four Moons thrice a day

Prabhjote Gill

A startup is developing a 100-gigawatt laser to propel a probe to another star system. That may be powerful enough to 'ignite an entire city.'

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Space 2021: All the Mars landings, eclipses, astronaut flights, rocket launches, and other big missions to look for this year

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