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After reporting <keyword id="21767878" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="record-profits" source="keywords">record profits</keyword>, state-owned <keyword id="20459282" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="fuel-retailers" source="keywords">fuel retailers</keyword> <keyword id="19908045" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Oil-Corporation" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Indian Oil Corporation" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</keyword> (<keyword id="6354733" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="IOC" source="Orion">IOC</keyword>), <keyword id="19908646" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="BPCL" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="BPCL" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="BPCL">BPCL</keyword> and <keyword id="20052221" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="HPCL" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="HPCL" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="HPCL">HPCL</keyword> posted up to 90 per cent slump in their June quarter earnings as margins fell and they booked under-recovery on the sale of domestic cooking gas LPG at government-controlled rates. IOC, the nation's largest oil firm, reported 81 per cent drop in standalone net profit in April-June - the first quarter of current 2024-25 fiscal year - to Rs 2,643.18 crore as opposed to a profit of Rs 13,750.44 crore a year back, according to a company filing. Net profit also declined sequentially, when compared to an earning of Rs 11,570.82 crore in March quarter. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) posted 90 per cent drop in profit to Rs 633.94 crore as compared to an earning of Rs 6,765.50 crore in April-June 2023 and Rs 2,709.31 crore in the preceding March quarter. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) net profit dropped to Rs 2,841.55 crore in April-June from Rs 10,644.30 crore a year back and Rs 4,789.57 crore in January-March, its filing showed. The three fuel retailers made extraordinary gains from holding petrol and diesel prices despite a drop in cost. The price freeze was justified in the name of recovering losses they had suffered in the previous year when they did not raise retail prices despite a surge in cost. The gains arising from the price freeze were eroded with petrol and diesel prices being cut by Rs 2 per litre each just before general elections and a fall in refining margins. Also, the three had uncompensated <keyword id="20866844" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="LPG-subsidy" source="keywords">LPG subsidy</keyword> - IOC booking under-recovery of Rs 5,156.23 crore in April-June, BPCL Rs 2,015.10 crore and HPCL Rs 2,443.71 crore, according to the filings. As per an order of the oil ministry, when market determined price (MDP) of LPG cylinders is less than its effective cost to customer (ECC), oil marketing companies (OMCs) have to retain the difference in a separate buffer account for future adjustment. However, as on June 30, 2024, the three firms had a net negative buffer as the retail selling price was less than MDP. The three retailers IOC, BPCL and HPCL had reported record profits totalling about Rs 81,000 crore in FY24 (2023-24), which was far more than their annual earnings of Rs 39,356 crore in pre-oil crisis years. This is because they resisted calls to revert to daily price revision and pass on softening in rates to consumers on grounds that prices continue to be extremely volatile - rising on one day and falling on the other - and that they needed to recoup losses incurred in the year, when they kept rates lower than cost. IOC in 2023-24 posted a standalone net profit of Rs 39,618.84 crore compared to Rs 8,241.82 crore in 2022-23. While the company could argue that FY23 was impacted by the <keyword id="21626914" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="oil-crisis" source="keywords">oil crisis</keyword>, the FY24 earnings are higher than even the pre-crisis years - Rs 24,184 crore net profit in 2021-22 and Rs 21,836 crore in 2020-21. BPCL posted a net profit of Rs 26,673.50 crore in FY24, higher than Rs 1,870.10 crore earnings in 2022-23 and Rs 8,788.73 crore in FY22. HPCL's 2023-24 profit of Rs 14,693.83 crore is compared with a Rs 8,974.03 crore loss in FY23 and a profit of Rs 6,382.63 crore in 2021-22, according to the filings. The losses in FY23 had led to the finance minister announcing Rs 30,000 crore equity infusion in the three firms. Mid-way through the year, that support was halved to Rs 15,000 crore. The support was to happen by way of equity infusion via a rights issue. But after the record profits of 2023-24, the equity infusion plan has now been scrapped. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman had on February 1 last year, while presenting the annual Budget for the 2023-24 fiscal (April 2023 to March 2024), announced an equity infusion of Rs 30,000 crore in IOC, BPCL and HPCL to support the three state-owned firm's energy transition plans. In the interim budget that the finance minister presented in February this year ahead of the general elections, the capital support to the three oil companies was halved to Rs 15,000 crore. In the full budget for 2024-25, both plans have been scrapped. While other state-owned oil companies like Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) and GAIL (India) Ltd too have lined up billions of dollars of investment to achieve net-zero carbon emissions, the equity support was limited to the three fuel retailers, which had suffered huge losses in 2022 when they held retail petrol, diesel and cooking gas (LPG) prices despite a spike in raw material (crude oil) prices, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The board of IOC and BPCL had last year approved rights issues to raise to Rs 22,000 crore and Rs 18,000 crore, respectively. The government was to participate in the rights issue. The three companies, which control roughly 90 per cent of India's fuel market, 'voluntarily' have not changed petrol, diesel and cooking gas (LPG) prices, resulting in losses when input costs were higher and profits when raw material prices were lower. They posted a combined net loss of Rs 21,201.18 crore during April-September 2022 despite accounting for Rs 22,000 crore announced but not paid LPG subsidy for the previous two years. Subsequent softening of international prices and government giving out LPG subsidies helped IOC and BPCL post annualised profit for 2022-23, but HPCL was in the red. In FY24, things changed dramatically, and the three firms posted record earnings.

After record profits, state-owned fuel retailers Indian Oil, BPCL and HPCL see profit slump in Q1

Up to 3.72 lakh <keyword id="19895203" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="electric-vehicles" source="keywords">electric vehicles</keyword> will be supported under the four-month <keyword id="20961992" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Electric-Mobility-Promotion-Scheme" source="keywords">Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme</keyword> (<keyword id="20951149" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="EMPS" source="keywords">EMPS</keyword>) being implemented between April and July with an outlay of Rs 493.55 crore, the government said on Tuesday. Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme (EMPS) - 2024 will provide further impetus to the <keyword id="20156633" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="green-mobility" source="keywords">green mobility</keyword> and development of electric vehicle (EV) <keyword id="20071405" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="manufacturing-ecosystem" source="keywords">manufacturing ecosystem</keyword> in the country. The maximum number of electric vehicles to be supported under the scheme stands at 3,72,215, including 3,33,387 electric <keyword id="20201345" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="two-wheelers" source="keywords">two-wheelers</keyword>, 13,590 e-rickshaws or e-carts and 25,238 electric three-wheelers in the L5 category, according to figures shared by the <keyword id="20021346" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ministry-of-Heavy-Industries" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Ministry of Heavy Industries" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Ministry of Heavy Industries">Ministry of Heavy Industries</keyword>. "EMPS 2024 is fund limited, with restricted number of vehicles and a term-limited Scheme, i.e., the <keyword id="19977665" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="subsidies" source="keywords">subsidies</keyword> for <keyword id="22519910" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="demand-incentive" source="keywords">demand incentive</keyword> are eligible for e-2w and e-3w sold and registered until the funds are available or the number of vehicles supported reaches the maximum number defined category-wise (shown in para above) or until July 31, 2024, whichever comes first," the ministry stated.

Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme to support up to 3.72 lakh EVs: Govt

The government on Tuesday proposed a <keyword id="20789519" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="transit-oriented-development" source="keywords">transit-oriented development</keyword> plan for 14 large cities with a population of over 30 lakh in its budget for 2024-25 and said it will formulate a framework for the creative redevelopment of cities. Presenting the Budget in the Lok Sabha, Finance Minister <keyword id="19916618" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nirmala-sitharaman" source="keywords">Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword> underscored that the Union government will work with states to facilitate the development of cities as "growth hubs". "This will be achieved through economic and transit planning, and orderly development of peri-urban areas utilising <keyword id="22517779" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="town-planning-schemes" source="keywords">town planning schemes</keyword>", the minister said. "Transit-oriented development plans for 14 large cities with a population above 30 lakh will be formulated, along with an implementation and financing strategy," Sitharaman said in her budget speech. The minister also announced Central assistance of Rs 2.2 lakh crore for <keyword id="20957520" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="urban-housing" source="keywords">urban housing</keyword> over the next five years as well as an <keyword id="22517780" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="interest-subsidy-scheme" source="keywords">interest subsidy scheme</keyword> to facilitate loans at affordable rates for urban housing works. She said the Central government will put in place measures for an efficient and transparent <keyword id="20071228" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rental-housing" source="keywords">rental housing</keyword> market with enhanced availability. The minister proposed a scheme to support the development of 100 weekly haats or street food hubs in select cities. Sitharaman added that rental housing with dormitory type accommodation for industrial workers will be facilitated in PPP (public-private partnership) mode with VGF (viability gap funding) support and commitment from anchor industries." Enabling policies and regulations for efficient and transparent rental housing markets with enhanced availability will also be put in place, she said. About <keyword id="19939560" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="water-supply" source="keywords">water supply</keyword> and <keyword id="20082835" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="sanitation" source="keywords">sanitation</keyword>, the minister announced that the Centre in partnership with state governments and multilateral development banks will promote water supply, sewage treatment and <keyword id="19973309" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="solid-waste-management" source="keywords">solid waste management</keyword> projects and services for 100 large cities through bankable projects. According to her, these projects will also envisage use of treated water for irrigation and filling up of tanks in nearby areas. The minister stressed that the Central government will encourage states, which continue to charge high stamp duty, to moderate the rates for all, and also consider further lowering duties for properties purchased by women. This reform will be made an essential component of urban development schemes, she added.

Budget 2024-25: Govt announces transit-oriented development plan for large cities

The Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for <keyword id="19899038" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="drones" source="keywords">drones</keyword> and drone components is a kickstarter for the sector to progress and should not be considered as a permanent subsidy scheme by the government, according to Union Minister <keyword id="19895367" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Piyush-Goyal" source="keywords">Piyush Goyal</keyword>. "The <keyword id="19981334" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="PLI-scheme" source="keywords">PLI scheme</keyword> is not an end to itself, infect the purpose of the PLI is to kickstart the industry. This is not a permanent subsidy. The aim is not to make the industry dependent on the subsidy of the government," Goyal said. The Union Minister's remaks came during his address at the International Innovation Conclave organised by the <keyword id="22293565" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="PHD-Chamber-of-Commerce-Industry" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="PHD Chamber of Commerce &amp; Industry" meta.hostid="329" meta.entityid="PHD Chamber of Commerce &amp; Industry">PHD Chamber of Commerce &amp; Industry</keyword> (PHDCCI) in New Delhi on Thursday. Goyal noted that technological progress in the drone industry will help farmers in getting higher quality crops and will also help in increasing the yield of crops, The minister pointed out that drones will help in combating erratic weather patterns. Praising the development of technology and growth in the drone industry on the strength of innovation, he asserted that the development of the drone ecosystem and deploying them in villages across the nation aligns with the PM's 'NAMO Drone Didi' initiative that will help empower the women in the agriculture sector. "In the third term of the PM's administration we will work at triple the speed, ensure three times the result and hope to become the third largest economy in the world", said the Union Minister. He further stated that drones have the ability to contribute to the cooperative sector, Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and to Farmers Producer Organisation (FPOs) as a shared facility with the help of agri-infra funds in delivering fertilisers and reducing wastage and expenses of the farmers. The Union Minister said that for financing and mentoring of the drone ecosystem, (Small Industries Development Bank of India) SIDBI can be roped in to promote the sector. On the startup ecosystem, the Minister said that 18 Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) have already been offered in the first half of 2024 and 17 IPOs were offered in 2023. Goyal added that under the guidance of <keyword id="19899320" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="PM-Modi" source="keywords">PM Modi</keyword>, the country has seen windfall investments from foreign investors and there has been a massive push for infrastructure. He further stated that easing of regulations and compliance burden on startups along with enabling Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) have been the primary focus of PM Modi's government. The minister also added that infrastructure growth has a multiplier effect on the economy that leads to demand for goods and services and increases consumption in the country. He stated that PM's infra push has enabled growth of industry and generation of employment that has put the nation on a virtuous cycle of growth. SEE ALSO:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/webstories/upcoming-smartphones-launching-in-india-in-july-2024/slidelist/111304902.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/webstories/upcoming-smartphones-launching-in-india-in-july-2024/slidelist/111304902.cms" target="_blank">Upcoming smartphones launching in India in July 2024</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/upcoming-cars-launching-in-india-in-july-2024/slidelist/111341281.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/upcoming-cars-launching-in-india-in-july-2024/slidelist/111341281.cms" target="_blank">Upcoming cars launching in India in July 2024</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/hp-envy-x360-14-review/articleshow/111407165.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/hp-envy-x360-14-review/articleshow/111407165.cms" target="_blank">HP Envy x360 14 review – feature-packed laptop with a sleek design</a>

Production Linked Incentive scheme for drones to kickstart industry, not permanent subsidy: Piyush Goyal

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A new law proposed by Germany will limit which solar producers are reimbursed when energy prices fall.</li><li>A renewable supply glut has caused prices to often fall into negative territory.</li></ul>An overload of solar power in Germany has piled up costs on the government, prompting a new draft law that would limit subsidies for the country's industry players, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-10-28/germany-to-cut-some-solar-farms-off-subsidies-amid-oversupply">Bloomberg</a> reported.The outlet cited fresh plans to restrict which producers will receive subsidies when energy falls below a fixed price. Given how often wholesale power prices have dropped into negative territory, this has been an issue for the state.The government has previously estimated that German renewable subsidies would <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-29/germany-s-climate-transition-costs-to-spiral-as-subsidies-double">reach $21.6 billion this year</a>.That's as the country's solar buildout has brought so much renewable energy online that wholesale power prices have frequently fallen below zero. This trend is especially evident during the <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/solar-panel-supply-german-electricity-prices-negative-renewable-demand-green-2024-5">sunny summer months</a> and has been <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-29/germany-s-climate-transition-costs-to-spiral-as-subsidies-double">ongoing throughout Europe</a>.However, since German producers are guaranteed to receive a minimum strike price, the government is responsible for covering the difference in prices. This so-called "feed-in tariff" reimburses renewable companies for contributing to the public grid.The new draft law seeks to limit which solar producers are required to sell their output to electric exchanges and, by extent, who is eligible for feed-in tariffs. Currently, plants with 100 kilowatts of capacity are required to participate. By the start of 2027, this will drop to 75 kilowatts.Also implemented is an earlier law that allows the government to withhold payments for mid-sized and large solar projects, anytime wholesale market prices turn negative, Bloomberg said.This could trigger uncertainty in a market that has ballooned since Russia's invasion of Ukraine, an event that caused Europe to search for alternatives to Moscow's energy supply.Meanwhile, analysts have noted this year that supplementary investments in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/solar-panel-supply-german-electricity-prices-negative-renewable-demand-green-2024-5">battery technology and the electric grid</a> are needed if renewable energy is to escape negative pricing.

Germany's government is making life more difficult for solar farms that it often has to subsidize

The <keyword id="19897865" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="telangana-government" source="keywords">Telangana Government</keyword> on Tuesday requested the 16th <keyword id="20015455" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="finance-commission" source="keywords">Finance Commission</keyword> to increase the share of states in <keyword id="386992" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="central-taxes" source="Orion">Central taxes</keyword> from the existing 41 per cent to 50 per cent as over the years cesses and surcharges that are not shared with states have increased. Deputy Chief Minister in-charge of Finance <keyword id="21396591" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="bhatti" source="keywords">Bhatti</keyword> Vikramarka in his speech at the meeting with Finance <keyword id="19933395" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="commission" source="keywords">Commission</keyword> Chairman <keyword id="20016026" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="arvind-panagariya" source="keywords">Arvind Panagariya</keyword> and members also urged the finance panel to ensure that states are given the necessary autonomy to tailor <keyword id="20109166" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="css" source="keywords">CSS</keyword> (centrally-sponsored scheme) programmes to their specific development needs. "In addition, we propose increasing the share of states in Central taxes from 41 per cent to 50 per cent. Over the years, cesses and surcharges that are not shared with states have increased, leaving states with a smaller share of total gross tax revenue," he said. Increasing the vertical devolution will give states the fiscal space they need to strengthen welfare programmes, address infrastructure gaps and prioritise local development, he further said. He, however, said it is not just a demand for <keyword id="19909031" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="telangana" source="keywords">Telangana</keyword> but for all states, ensuring a more cooperative federal structure that will benefit the nation as a whole. Bhatti further said the state government urges the Finance Commission to reconsider the use of per capita income distance as the primary indicator in determining horizontal devolution as measuring prosperity and well-being solely by per capita income would deny Telangana the resources needed to address the inequities that exist within the state. The state government is suggesting that the formula for horizontal devolution be modified to add at least a 50 per cent weightage to <keyword id="20149362" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gsdp" source="keywords">GSDP</keyword> (gross state domestic production) contribution. "A greater weight on GSDP would incentivise states to adopt reforms that improve productivity, attract investment and create jobs, ultimately contributing to the national economy. This approach would not only make states more competitive but also help reduce regional disparities, encouraging more balanced growth across the country," he opined. Pointing out that certain expenditures for schemes such as Rythu Bharosa, farm loan waivers and food subsidies are often mislabelled as "freebies," he urged the Commission to recognise these programmes as necessary investments in the welfare of our people. He mentioned that a large part of the state's resources is now being diverted toward debt servicing and hence requested the Finance Commission's support in either restructuring this debt or providing additional assistance to help free up resources for further development. The 16th Finance Commission, led by its chairman Arvind Panagariya, held meetings with several political parties, representatives of local bodies and industry chambers here on Monday as part of its visit to Telangana.

Telangana urges 16th Finance Commission to increase states' share in Central taxes to 50%

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Donald Trump and Elon Musk called out the pain caused by high levels of inflation in recent years.</li><li>Trump bemoaned that people can't afford groceries and savers have been "decimated" by rising prices.</li></ul>Donald Trump and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk">Elon Musk</a> lamented the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inflation-housing-food-alice-rent-poverty-healthcare-wage-growth-cpi-2024-6">brutal impact</a> of rising prices in their X Spaces conversation on Monday."It's a disaster with inflation," the former US president said. "It doesn't matter what you make. The inflation has eaten you alive."The annualized pace of price increases soared to a 40-year high of more than 9% in June 2022. It has <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inflation-cpi-june-prices-food-energy-fed-interest-rate-cuts-2024-7">slowed markedly</a> since then to 3% in June, but remains well above the Federal Reserve's 2% target.Trump specifically called out the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-youre-still-spending-much-of-your-budget-on-food-2024-2">steeper cost of food</a> for families. As the Republican presidential nominee, he's incentivized to paint a dour picture of the economy under the Democrats, and promise he'll make things better if voters back him in November's election."They don't have enough money to buy groceries; the inflation has killed them," Trump said. "They used to be able to buy a whole cart, and today a lot of people just don't have the money. They go in and can't buy anything."<h2 id="c0292d01-998c-4040-8141-38ba2a6670d7">Savers punished</h2>Trump bemoaned that lifetime savers have been unfairly punished by soaring prices."The people that saved money … they got no interest on their money, and inflation destroyed them," he said. "Those people have been absolutely decimated."Americans were able to put away significant sums four of five years ago, Trump noted. "Today, they're <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/big-short-michael-burry-jpmorgan-consumer-inflation-rates-banking-crisis-2023-4">using all their money</a> and borrowing money just to live. It's a horrible thing that's happening."This historic bout of inflation has been <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/economic-outlook-pandemic-stock-market-crash-inflation-recession-rates-ai-2024-2">blamed on several factors</a>. The pandemic disrupted worldwide production, snarled supply chains, shuttered businesses, and fueled labor shortages. Russia's invasion of Ukraine roiled the international oil trade and caused energy prices to soar. World governments spent heavily to shore up their economies, stoking heavy demand in a period of constrained supply and causing prices to climb.Musk — the world's richest person, CEO of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-ceo-elon-musk">Tesla</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-elon-musk">SpaceX</a>, and X's owner — agreed with Trump that inflation is a pressing problem during their conversation."A lot of people are concerned about the economy, a lot of people are concerned about inflation," he said. "Inflation is effectively a tax on people that saved money and for people that are working day to day."Musk blamed fast-rising prices on public officials splashing cash."Inflation comes from government overspending because the checks never bounce when they're written by the government," he said. "So if the government spends far more than it brings in, that increases the money supply. And if the money supply increases faster than the rate of goods and services, that's inflation."<h2 id="259f4a90-f256-467f-85ef-c9b9b9d1bb34">Deregulation call</h2>Musk called for authorities to cut back on spending and suggested a government efficiency commission be appointed to ensure public funds are spent wisely. He underlined the ballooning federal debt and the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-national-debt-government-spending-stock-market-financial-crisis-economy-2024-3">spiraling size</a> of the interest payments required to service it."If you solve government overspending, you solve inflation, which improves the living standards of the average person," Musk said. He added that deregulation would help to eliminate rules and restrictions that make compliance costs "extreme for no reason."Musk has <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-fightingwars-alot-of-fronts-2024-8">frequently complained</a> about government overreach and red tape in recent years, making his latest comments unsurprising. But his companies have undeniably benefited from state funds in the form of clean-energy subsidies, tax credits, and space contracts. He may well see those as valuable uses of taxpayer money, and wish to cut waste elsewhere.Trump and Musk are right to say that prices are significantly higher now than even a couple years ago. However, inflation appears to be falling, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/emergency-rate-cut-fed-recession-july-jobs-report-unemployment-powell-2024-8">freeing the Fed</a> to focus on bolstering growth and avoiding a recession by starting to undo the hikes to interest rates it's made in recent years to curb price growth.

Trump called inflation a disaster for consumers — and Musk blamed it on government waste

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A new model of public housing is gaining steam among Democratic lawmakers across the US.</li><li>AOC is behind a new bill to create a federal social housing developer.</li></ul>All over the country, skyrocketing rents and home prices have made housing one of the most urgent issues facing voters in this election.About half of renters <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/half-american-renters-ignore-key-financial-rule-on-housing-spending-2024-9">spend more than 30% of their income on housing</a>, while <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/housing-crisis-homeowners-struggling-mortgage-interest-rates-insurance-home-equity-2024-6">homeowners</a> are facing rising insurance premiums, home repair costs, and property taxes. At the same time, government housing aid for the neediest <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/19/us/politics/housing-aid-rent-costs.html">recently hit a quarter-century low</a>.Vice President Kamala Harris has zeroed in on the issue, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-kamala-harris-plans-to-build-3-million-new-homes-2024-8">promising to</a> build 3 million new homes over her first term, send $25,000 in downpayment assistance to first-time homebuyers, and spend billions on housing innovation. But some progressive lawmakers in Washington want to go much farther.In September, two Democrats — Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Sen. Tina Smith of Minnesota — <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/aoc-democrats-build-european-style-social-housing-lower-home-costs-2024-9">introduced a bill called the HOMES Act</a> that would create a federal housing development authority charged with building and rehabilitating more than a million permanently affordable homes. The housing would be owned and operated by local governments, nonprofits, or some kind of cooperative, and rent would be capped at a percentage of income. The legislation aims to solve the fundamental issue plaguing homebuyers and tenants: a shortage of affordable homes."There has been a lot of talk about building new housing in this country, but too often we don't talk about who will be building that new housing," Ocasio-Cortez said <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" class="" href="https://x.com/SenTinaSmith/status/1836472272481386676">last month</a>. A spokesperson for Ocasio-Cortez didn't provide comment before publication of this story.The new developments would be so-called "social housing," which means it exists outside the for-profit market, caps rent at a percentage of income and is owned by the government, a nonprofit, or some kind of cooperative.Unlike traditional American public housing, which is usually reserved for low-income families, social housing is intended to be mixed-income. Under the HOMES Act, 70% of a given development's units would be reserved for low- and extremely low-income people, while 30% of homes would be reserved for people making up to the area's median income.But some pro-housing policy experts — who subscribe to the YIMBY, or Yes in My Backyard, movement — are skeptical that a federal social housing authority makes sense. They want to see more experimentation at the local level first and don't think many state governments — let alone the federal government — have the resources or know-how to do the work of developers and real estate companies.<h2 id="56639616-796e-430b-a657-ba434db7f258">Local and state governments are experimenting with social housing</h2>A 2022 trip to Austria changed how New York State Assemblywoman Emily Gallagher views housing.Gallagher, a Democrat who represents gentrifying neighborhoods in North Brooklyn, was struck by the stability created by social housing in Vienna. Residents "were not thinking about their rent getting raised. They were not worrying about being displaced and the things that consume New Yorkers' minds," she said.So, earlier this year, she introduced legislation to establish a new state housing authority tasked with building permanently affordable housing for both very low-income and middle-income New Yorkers.Progressive policymakers across the country, including Rhode Island and Atlanta, are exploring the model, too. California <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB555">passed a bill</a> last year to study the concept. The wealthy DC suburb of Montgomery County, Maryland, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/25/business/affordable-housing-montgomery-county.html">has already built its own</a> social housing.In Reno, Nevada, Mayor Hillary Schieve, who's prioritized housing in a state facing a severe shortage, argued that the success of a social housing effort would likely rely on the quality of the local housing authority and the partners it works with. "It just worries me because we aren't developers," she said. "You have to have very knowledgeable people at the table."While "high-capacity, wealthy local governments with political will" can make it happen, "Jenny Schuetz, an expert in urban economics and housing policy at the Brookings Institution, said many other localities lack the resources or know-how."The reality is many states and authorities are not going to be interested in building housing themselves," said Shane Phillips, a housing researcher at UCLA's Lewis Center for Regional Policy Studies.Unlike traditional public housing — which relies on fickle federal lawmakers to supply funding for maintenance and operations — the social housing that US lawmakers have proposed would be funded in part by marketing bonds and operated by a range of local organizations, including nonprofits and tenants unions.Schuetz is concerned that co-ops and tenants' unions might not be able to tap the kinds of capital that real-estate companies have access to and that's needed to continue investing in the buildings. Local housing authorities also have limited budgets. "The challenge is always where do you come up with the money 10 years out, 15 years out, when you have real capital expenses?" she said.<h2 id="3c31ea6f-abfe-4e31-af57-7237875ee96a">Tricky politics in Washington</h2>Federally funded public housing has a flawed history. Between the 1930s and the 1960s, the government <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.npr.org/2017/05/03/526655831/a-forgotten-history-of-how-the-u-s-government-segregated-america">reinforced racial segregation</a> by clustering public housing in poor Black and brown neighborhoods, even as it built highways <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/specials/america-highways-inequality/">that tore through those same communities</a>. A lack of ongoing congressional funding meant the housing deteriorated over time, and much has been demolished.Over the last several decades, the US has moved away from the tarnished model of publicly built and owned housing and embraced federal subsidies for privately built below-market-rate development powered by the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit.Under the Homes Act, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development would have to work with states and cities to take on the role of the developer. Schuetz argued that the federal government would have to outsource so much of the work to local governments and developers that a national approach would look pretty similar to the Low-Income Tax Credit model of development."Could HUD even hire a team of people who know how to work through the land development and entitlement and construction process in localities around the country?" Schuetz said. "There's a reason we've evolved from public housing to LIHTC."Congress would likely not support a federal social housing authority until there is evidence of its success at the state level.After states build out their programs, "it's far easier to go back and say, 'Okay, we need a national coordination entity to manage this,'" one national affordable housing expert, who requested anonymity to protect his relationships in Congress.Schuetz would also like to see HUD invest in a range of local pilot programs to experiment with different versions of social housing, evaluate them, and then help scale whichever model is most successful. "It's not as headline-grabbing and sexy as a social housing program, but would actually be a lot more effective and more likely to get through Congress," she said.

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