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<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has plans to launch its very first geo imaging satellite (GISAT 1) on March 5.</li><li>The satellite has five multispectral cameras capable of scanning the entire Indian subcontinent every 30 minutes.</li><li>However, the cameras are not capable of peering past clouds or other obstacles in the sky.</li></ul>A new first for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to take place on March 5. Its plans to launch its very first Geo Imaging Satellite (GISAT 1) designed to enhance real-time observations of India. The satellite was originally scheduled to launch in 2017 aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). However, the project was pushed back due to numerous delays. Now, GISAT 1 will be <a href="https://www.vssc.gov.in/VSSC/images/GSLV/LaunchesPlanned.pdf">launched</a> aboard India’s strongest rocket — the ‘Bahubali’ Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) — from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR in Sriharikota at 5:43 pm. 
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 Features of the GISAT 1 The aim of the GISAT 1 is to help monitor natural hazards using the 4-meter wide payload’s <a href="http://www.aprsaf.org/annual_meetings/aprsaf19/pdf/program/day3/5_CountryReport_Dr.Dadhwal.pdf">five multispectral cameras</a>. The cameras are capable of scanning the entire country every 30 minutes at a spatial resolution of 50 meters. However, if a specific area has been selected, the satellite can generate a field image every five minutes. 
	
 <div type="image" title="gisat1" msid="74311976" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>




 The main camera — 700mm Ritchey-Chretien telescope — is based on the design of the Cartosat 2 satellite. The remaining four cameras capture high-resolution multi-spectral and hyper-spectral images. However, unlike previous observation satellites, the cameras aren’t equipped to peer through the cloud cover. This means that they need a cloud-free sky in order to operate efficiently. 
 <div type="image" title="gisat2_edited" msid="74311987" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 According to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190103095037/https://nrsc.gov.in/sites/all/pdf/GISAT-UIM-3Jan2016_V3_Alok_2.pdf">ISRO</a>, the GISAT 1’s cameras are going to, “tap new functionalities hitherto not covered by existing LEO and GEO missions like fast revisit capabilities, real-time monitoring, high resolution multispectral and hyperspectral imaging — all on a single, agile, jitter-free platform.” The GISAT 1 weighs around 2227 kilos and will be placed in geostationary orbit by the GSLV F-10 at an altitude of 35,768 kilometres. After the successful launch of GISAT 1, ISRO plans to launch its twin satellite — the GISAT 2, which have the same specifications — in the near future. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indias-new-rocket-will-let-isro-launch-satellites-month-on-month/articleshow/73892024.cms">India’s new rocket will let ISRO launch satellites month-on-month</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a>

ISRO's first geo imaging satellite can scan India every 30 minutes

<ul><li>The GISAT-1 is India’s first geo imaging satellite.</li><li>It will be placed in geostationary orbit 36,000 above the Earth putting it out of range of most anti-satellite weapons.</li><li>Its geostationary position will also allow the GISAT-1 to send back real-time images of Indian terrain and borders around the clock.</li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is gearing up to launch its very <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-gisat-1-launch-date-features-and-cameras/articleshow/74311928.cms">first geo imaging satellite</a> GISAT-1 into orbit on March 5. The primary objective of the satellite is to help India monitor natural hazards. However, the GISAT-1 also serves a defensive purpose in a world where outer space, especially Earth’s orbit, is getting more competitive and gaining strategic importance. It’s a necessary requirement even as some experts believe that it may not be sufficient to meet the defence requirements for India’s national security, according to <a href="https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/gisat-1-is-important-but-india-also-needs-small-satellites-for-national-security-61870/">ORF</a>. Most satellites are placed in Low Earth Orbit — a height at which they can be knocked out by most anti-satellite weapons. Even though only four countries have demonstrated their anti-satellite capabilities, many more have untested systems in-store. The GISAT-1 undercuts the risk of being blasted out of the sky since it goes above Low Earth Orbit to a height of 36,000 kilometres above the Earth’s surface, putting it out of range of known anti-satellite weapons. Real-time surveillance The GISAT-1 will also provide real-time images of the Indian terrain and its borders. Even though it can’t see through cloud cover, it will be India’s first satellite with the capability to scan the entire country every 30 minutes — day and night. Normal remote sensing satellites in Low Earth Orbit need at least two to 24 days to send back high-resolution images of a particular area. This is because they’re locked a polar orbit. They need to complete a full orbit around the Earth in order to observe the same spot — and that takes time. The GISAT-1 won’t have to face the same problem since it will be placed in a geostationary orbit around the Earth. This means that as the planet rotates, the satellite follows. At night, when there won’t be any light from the Sun, the satellite has infrared night vision and thermal imaging to see what’s happening on the ground. The satellite has five multispectral cameras that are capable of scanning the entire country every 30 minutes at a spatial resolution of 50 meters. However, if a specific area has been selected, the satellite can general a field image as frequently as every five minutes. This means that if a specific area along the border is being infiltrated, the GISAT-1 will be able to send back images of enemy lines with near real-time accuracy. An <a href="https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/gisat-1-is-important-but-india-also-needs-small-satellites-for-national-security-61870/">ORF</a> report points out that while GISAT-type satellites are key, India could also benefit from a constellation of small satellites that cater to the country’s military requirements. In comparison to heavy satellites, small satellites are easier to manufacture, handle and launch. Even though may take more time to send back images, high-resolution images are key to identifying and targetting possible threats. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-launches-cartosat-3-and-13-us-satellites-in-27-minutes/articleshow/72251725.cms">ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isros-nsil-completes-second-successful-launch-using-pslv-rockets/articleshow/72474132.cms">ISRO's newly formed commercial arm completes second successful launch in less than a month</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-gsat-30-launch-explained-step-by-step/articleshow/73313054.cms">Play-by-play ISRO's GSAT-30 launch, from lift-off to reaching space</a>

Here's how ISRO's GISAT-1 satellite will add to India's space power

India plans to launch on March 28 an earth observation <keyword id="6358065" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="satellite">satellite</keyword> that will provide it near real-time images of its borders and also enable quick monitoring of <keyword id="139159" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="natural-disasters">natural disasters</keyword>. <keyword id="8831645" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gisat-1">GISAT-1</keyword> is slated to be lofted into space by GSLV-F10 rocket from Sriharikota spaceport in <keyword id="37102" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Andhra-Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</keyword>'s Nellore district, about 100 kms north of Chennai. "We are looking to launch this Geo imaging satellite on March 28, subject to weather conditions", an official of the Bengaluru-headquartered Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) told on Sunday. The rocket will place the spacecraft in a geosynchronous orbit. It will be subsequently positioned in geostationary orbit, about 36,000 kms above earth's equator, using its onboard propulsion system. The launch of GISAT-1 onboard GSLV-F10 rocket was originally planned for March 5 last year but postponed a day before the blast-off due to technical reasons. Experts said positioning the state-of-the-art agile earth observation satellite in geostationary orbit has key advantages. "It's going to be a game-changer in some sense for India", a Department of Space official said. "With onboard high resolution cameras, the satellite will allow the country to monitor the Indian land mass and the oceans, particularly its borders continuously". Listing the objectives of the mission, ISRO has earlier said the satellite would provide near real-time imaging of the large area region of interest at frequent intervals. It would help in quick monitoring of natural disasters, episodic and any short-term events. The third objective is to obtain spectral signatures of agriculture, forestry, mineralogy, disaster warning, cloud properties, snow and glacier and oceanography. GISAT-1 will facilitate near real-time observation of the Indian sub-continent, under cloud-free condition, at frequent intervals, ISRO said. The planned launch of GISAT-1, weighing about 2,268 kg, comes close on the heels of the successful February 28 PSLV- C51 mission that orbited Brazil's earth observation satellite Amazonia-1 and 18 co-passengers, including five built by students. Secretary in the Department of Space and ISRO Chairman K Sivan told last week that the technical issues that led to postponement of GISAT-1 mission have been resolved and the further delay in the launch was due to COVID-19-induced lockdown which affected normal work. According to sources, GISAT-1 will be followed by the maiden flight of Small Satellite Launch Vehicle, ISRO's compact launcher, likely in April. SSLV has been designed to meet "launch on demand" requirements in a cost-effective manner for small satellites in a dedicated and ride-share mode. It is a three-stage all solid vehicle with a capability to launch up to 500 kg satellite mass into 500 km low earth orbit (LEO) and 300 kg into Sun Synchronous Orbit (SSO). By comparison, PSLV -- the workhorse launch vehicle of ISRO -- can take up to 1,750 kg payload into SSO of 600 km altitude. With lower per kg launch cost, the mini launcher will have multiple satellite mounting options for nano, micro and small satellites. Sivan had earlier termed the SSLV an innovative vehicle which can be assembled in just 72 hours. "Instead of 60 days (for building a PSLV), it (SSLV) will be assembled in three days; instead of 600 people (needed to build a PSLV), it (SSLV) will be done by six people", he had said. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/check-out-all-the-hiring-opportunities-in-2021-in-india/slidelist/81343839.cms">A whole host of jobs, from government to private to foreign companies in India, are opening up ⁠— here’s a look at some of those</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/these-are-the-worlds-top-food-delivery-companies-indias-zomato-and-swiggy-have-a-long-way-to-go-as-compared-to-their-global-counterparts-like-doordash-or-meituan/slidelist/81344728.cms">These are the world’s top food delivery companies – India’s Zomato and Swiggy have a long way to go as compared to their global counterparts like DoorDash or Meituan</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/wipro-share-price-has-outperformed-its-peers-in-the-last-one-year-but-analysts-are-still-cautious-about-giving-it-a-buy-rating/articleshow/81345564.cms">Wipro's share price has outperformed its peers in the last year — but analysts are still cautious about giving it a 'buy' rating</a>

India likely to launch its 'eye in the sky' satellite GISAT-1 on March 28 to monitor borders and natural disasters

<ul><li>At the start of 2020, Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) Chairman and Secretary Department of Space K. Sivan said that the space agency was planning to have 25 launches. </li><li>All was going well for ISRO after the crashlanding of India's moon lander Vikram on the lunar surface in 2019.</li><li>The first setback of the year for ISRO came on March 4, when it had to call off the launch of GISAT-1, a day before its actual launch, owing to technical reasons. </li></ul>What would have been an insipid first half of the calendar year 2020 for the Indian space agency turned a bit interesting towards the end, with the government announcing its decision to open up the sector to private participation. At the start of 2020, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman and Secretary Department of Space K. Sivan said that the space agency was planning to have 25 launches -- including Aditya-L1 satellite, <keyword id="1512353" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Geo-Imaging-Satellite">Geo Imaging Satellite</keyword> (GISAT-1), realisation of Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) or small rocket (carrying capacity 500 kg), navigation satellite with indigenous atomic clocks and <keyword id="9550825" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-data-relay-satellite-system">Indian Data Relay Satellite System</keyword> (IDRSS), and GSAT-20 satellite with electric propulsion. Sivan also said India will embark on its third moon mission 'Chandrayaan-3' and attempt to land a lander on the lunar surface sometime in 2020-21. All was going well for ISRO after the crashlanding of India's moon lander Vikram on the lunar surface in 2019. The year began well ISRO with the launch of the 3,357 kg communication satellite GSAT-30 by the European space agency Arianespace rocket Ariane 5 on January 17. The ISRO also showcased its robot/half-humanoid -- Vyommitra - which was part of its human space mission programme 'Gaganyaan'. The first setback of the year for ISRO came on March 4, when it had to call off the launch of GISAT-1, a day before its actual launch, owing to technical reasons. The ISRO did not share any detail about the technical reasons, or the glitch, and its rectification since then. It is also not known when the satellite with a very good camera would be launched. Then came the Covid-19 lockdown within and outside India that had its cascading impact on ISRO's core plans like the realisation of SSLV, launch of GISAT-1, delay in the first test-flight of the rocket as part of Gaganyaan mission. "During the lockdown, industries that were supplying components were not working. Our own officials were not able to attend office. Further travel to Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh for satellite launch by the officials were not possible due to the lockdown," Sivan told IANS. It is also not known when ISRO will be able to restart its satellite launch operations. With coronavirus infection spreading fast in the county, ISRO also started work on developing a low-cost ventilator and sanitiser. Meanwhile, two positive developments happened for ISRO -- securing an Indian patent for its liquid cooling and heating garment (LCHG) suitable for space applications and for its method of manufacturing highland lunar soil simulant or simply lunar/moon soil. On May 16, Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced that Indian private sector will be a co-traveller in India's space-sector journey and a level-playing field will be provided for them in satellites, launches, and space-based services. She also said that a predictable policy and regulatory environment will be provided to private players. The future projects for planetary exploration, outer space travel and others are to be opened up for the private sector, adding there will be a liberal geo-spatial data policy for providing remote-sensing data to tech-entrepreneurs subject to various checks. Welcoming the announcement, sectoral experts suggested various models for restructuring of ISRO and also urged the government to set up an independent regulator and also enact necessary legislation. On June 24, the Union Cabinet decided to set up Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), making ISRO to focus on research and development (R&amp;D) of new technologies, exploration missions, and human spaceflight programme. Singh said the Union Cabinet led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi decided to set up IN-SPACe to provide a level playing field for private companies to use Indian space infrastructure. He also said the New Space India Limited (NSIL) will endeavour to re-orient space activities from a 'supply driven' model to 'demand driven' model, thereby ensuring optimum utilisation of the country's space assets. Former ISRO Chairman <keyword id="52158" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="madhavan-nair">Madhavan Nair</keyword> said there should be a national space law to define responsibilities and liabilities. Pointing out the role envisaged for IN-SPACe and the demand for a sectoral regulator, when queried whether the proposed body could be converted into the space sector regulator, Sivan told IANS: "IN-SPACe could be turned into a regulatory body when the necessary laws and regulations are in place." "We are on the job of getting ready the Space Activities Bill. It will define the space activities, liabilities and other aspects," he added. As part of the reform process, new navigation policy is also being proposed. Suitable changes in the remote sensing data policy as well as SATCOM policy are on the anvil to align them to an open and inclusive space sector, said Sivan. "The best is to establish an independent regulator -- <keyword id="9550824" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-regulatory-authority-of-india">Space Regulatory Authority of India</keyword> (SRAI) -- which will create a level-playing field for many of the emerging players," Narayan Prasad, Chief Operating Officer, satsearch, told IANS. Establishing an independent regulator could allow a systematic review and reforms on a continuous basis rather than one-off announcements, Prasad said. As per current scheme of things, IN-SPACe will have its own directorates for technical, legal, safety and security, monitoring as well as activities promotion for assessing the private sector's needs and coordination of the activities. IN-SPACe would have a board and representatives from industry, academia and the government, Sivan said. "Initially, IN-SPACe will be manned by people from the existing space setup. Later, people from outside will be taken in. It will have its funds from the budgetary allocations for the DoS. The new body may not need big financial allocations," Sivan remarked. Stressing that the ISRO's importance will not diminish with the entry of IN-SPACe, Sivan said all the existing centres - manufacturing, services, rocket launch centres - would continue to be with the ISRO. "The ISRO will be involved in research and development in advanced technologies, human space missions. It will also share its technological expertise with the private parties. The proposed new body will not disturb the existing ones. It will be another autonomous body," Sivan said. Industry officials are hoping to see further steps being taken by the government regarding the space sector during the second half of 2020. But as regards the satellite launches - domestic as well as foreign for a fee - by ISRO during the year depends on the spread or control of coronavirus and the resultant lockdown. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/photographer-of-the-viral-black-panther-images-from-india-shares-his-story/articleshow/76830618.cms">INTERVIEW: Shaaz Jung opens up about the blood, sweat and years behind the viral images of a rare black panther</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/harvard-and-mit-are-suing-ice-to-block-its-order-forcing-international-students-to-leave-the-us-if-their-course-is-online-only/articleshow/76856699.cms">Harvard, MIT, and Northeastern University are suing ICE to block its order forcing international students to leave the US if their course is online-only</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/enterprise/news/russian-scammers-are-conning-senior-executives-into-giving-away-2-7-million-by-impersonating-real-ceos-and-lawyers/articleshow/76849870.cms">Russian scammers are conning senior executives into giving away $2.7 million by impersonating real CEOs and lawyers</a>

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ISRO's first geo imaging satellite can scan India every 30 minutes

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Here's how ISRO's GISAT-1 satellite will add to India's space power

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India likely to launch its 'eye in the sky' satellite GISAT-1 on March 28 to monitor borders and natural disasters

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ISRO doesn't know when it will be ready to restart space launches

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