<ul class="summary-list"><li>Danish <keyword id="4662" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mink">mink</keyword> will be buried in mass graves on military land as the country's incinerators and rendering plants struggle to keep up, <a href="https://www.foedevarestyrelsen.dk/english/Animal/AnimalHealth/Pages/Mink-and-COVID-19.aspx">the country's environmental and health authorities announced</a>. </li><li>The country's entire population of mink — 17 million animals — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denmark-mink-covid-19-mutation-cull-minks-restart-coronavirus-pandemic-2020-11?r=US&amp;IR=TIR=T">is being culled</a> after a strain of the <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> was found in them that can pass to humans.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/minks-killed-because-coronavirus-reservoir-species-2020-11?r=US&amp;IR=TIR=T">Experts have told Business Insider</a> that the mutated strain may not be a cause of major worry yet. </li><li>Danish ships and planes are barred from ports in Britain.<a href="https://www.information.dk/telegram/2020/11/aflivede-mink-graves-paa-militaere-omraader"></a></li></ul>The Danish government plans to bury 17 million mink culled over coronavirus fears en masse on military land, or will incinerate them, as its rendering plants struggle to keep up with demand.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denmark-mink-covid-19-mutation-cull-minks-restart-coronavirus-pandemic-2020-11?r=US&amp;IR=TIR=T">The cull of the country's entire population of mink</a> was announced Wednesday. It is the largest cull since a mutated strain of the coronavirus, which can transmit to people, was found in the animals.At least 12 people had been infected as of Thursday, with the Danish government saying mink farms could be connected to up to 400 cases. Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said the mutated strain could affect the efficacy of a vaccine.Experts <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/minks-killed-because-coronavirus-reservoir-species-2020-11?r=US&amp;IR=TIR=T">told Business Insider's Aylin Woodward</a> that it might be premature to panic. The new strain is not remarkably different or more serious so far, they said.<keyword id="49968" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Denmark">Denmark</keyword>'s neighbors have already begun to react:<ul><li>The UK enacted a travel ban on Danish people, and recent arrivals from the country are being isolated from others in UK hospitals, <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/hospitals-are-ordered-to-isolate-patients-from-denmark-amid-mutant-mink-coronavirus-fears-9xvm8dfph">The Times of London reported</a>.</li><li>The UK's National Health Service issued guidance for treating coronavirus patients from Denmark: They must "be managed in strict isolation in a single room with en suite bathroom," <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/hospitals-are-ordered-to-isolate-patients-from-denmark-amid-mutant-mink-coronavirus-fears-9xvm8dfph">The Times said</a>.</li><li>Norway is also considering refusing entry to Danes, <a href="https://norwaytoday.info/news/norwegian-health-authorities-are-considering-banning-travel-from-denmark/">according to Norway Today</a>.</li><li>Planes and ships from Denmark will be barred from docking in England, <a href="https://news.sky.com/story/freight-drivers-added-to-rules-on-travel-from-denmark-due-to-mink-coronavirus-concerns-12128192">according to Sky News</a>.</li><li>Mink may have been infected first by humans with the virus, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-54842643">the BBC said</a>.</li><li>A small number of researchers have written to the journal <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> to <a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6516/539.1">call for mink farming to be banned</a>.</li></ul>On October 1, <a href="https://www.foedevarestyrelsen.dk/english/Animal/AnimalHealth/Pages/Mink-and-COVID-19.aspx">the Danish Ministry of Environment and Food announced</a> that all mink on farms that had been found to have infections would be culled, as well as all mink on farms within a 4.8-mile radius.That cull was then widened to encompass all of the country's mink — which presents a logistical question for such an unprecedented action.The bodies of culled mink were due to be disposed of by rendering at specialized plants, according to the environment ministry. Rendering is a method of converting animal waste, often to produce useful byproducts.It is unclear whether any byproducts are due to be produced from this cull, other than the furs of mink that come from nonsuspect farms, which are allowed to be skinned.But because of a lack of capacity at the rendering plants, some animals will be incinerated, the ministry said. There, their bodies can contribute to local heating, <a href="https://www.information.dk/telegram/2020/11/aflivede-mink-graves-paa-militaere-omraader">according to the local newspaper Informatíon</a>. Others will be drenched in lime and buried on military ground, the ministry announced."Public-health considerations have made it necessary to kill the animals very quickly, and therefore we have to dig some of them down," Informatíon reported Uffe Stormly, the chief of the country's National Operational Staff, part of the country's emergency management infrastructure, as saying."But we do it in a way so that there is no risk to the surrounding community," he added. The burial of the animals there would pose no risk to the future water supply or further infection.Two military areas in use will be Karup and Hostelbro, the paper reported, with areas of Jutland also under consideration.All mink are scheduled to be killed by November 16, the paper reported.

Denmark, overwhelmed by millions of mink it plans to kill to prevent a new strain of coronavirus, is turning to incinerators and chemical-drenched mass graves

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="11918126" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="dogs" source="Orion">Dogs</keyword> smell like corn chips because of the bacteria and yeast that make up their microbiomes.</li><li>Owners can mitigate the smell by bathing dogs more regularly and practicing fold care.</li></ul>On any given day, your dog probably has a scent, and it may not exactly smell fresh. Maybe they smell like a trash can after rolling around on something decomposing in your yard. Maybe they just ran through your sprinkler, bringing that all-too-familiar wet dog smell into your home. But it's not just your dog's fur that can smell bad. Ever taken a whiff of their paws? If your dog's paws smell like Fritos, or another version of your favorite corn chip variety, then your dog may have what's called Frito feet. Don't worry, it's not a sign that your dog just gorged on a bunch of Fritos. Here's what Frito feet actually means as well as other common dog smells and how to keep stinkiness at bay.<div type="image" title="A brown dog rubs its face into the grass outside." height="1967" width="2774" msid="92907689" hostid="261" sizebytes="1337524"></div><h2>It's normal for your dog to smell like Fritos </h2>The Frito feet phenomenon is due to the mixture of bacteria, fungi, and yeast that usually live harmoniously on your dog's skin, aka, the skin microbiome. Sometimes, certain stinky microbes grow and out-populate others, which can cause your dog to smell. For example, an overabundance of the bacteria pseudomonas was associated with smelly, but otherwise healthy, bloodhounds in a small <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30251442/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2018 study</a>.Though it was the bloodhound's skin, not their paws, that were tested for bacteria, pseudomonas could be a player in Frito feet, according to <a href="https://www.vetmed.ufl.edu/profile/rodrigues-hoffmann-aline/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann</a>, a veterinary anatomic pathologist who was one of the study's researchers.Pseudomonas has a distinct smell described as a <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28778416/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">sweet, grape-like</a>, and <a href="https://wickhamlabs.co.uk/technical-resource-centre/fact-sheet-pseudomonas-aeruginosa/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">corn tortilla-like.</a>Note: If your dog has Frito feet, it doesn't necessarily mean they're sick or unhealthy. In fact, most of the bacteria on healthy dogs are not pathogenic, Hoffman says. If your dog is otherwise symptom-free, you needn't worry about their health.Dogs can pick pseudomonas up from <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8326/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">places the bacteria inhabits</a> in the natural environment, like soil and water. So, when you take your dog for a romp in the park or a swim in the pond, there's a chance that they will pick up pseudomonas and may get Frito feet soon after. But pseudomonas isn't the only organism that might be causing your dog's smelly paws. Other microbes at play may include: <ul><li>The bacteria proteus, which some people say smells like <a href="http://www.microbiologynutsandbolts.co.uk/the-bug-blog/old-fashioned-microbiology-or-just-showing-my-age" target="_blank" rel="noopener">rotten fish</a> as well as — you guessed it — <a href="https://waag.org/en/article/dreaming-microbial-perfume" target="_blank" rel="noopener">corn tortillas</a>. It prefers <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK442017/#:~:text=Proteus%20is%20found%20abundantly%20in,cause%20serious%20infections%20in%20humans." target="_blank" rel="noopener">moist areas </a>like soil and wastewater.</li><li>Yeast, or malassezia, may also put off a yeasty scent that can mix with these other bacterial smells. </li></ul><h2>When to worry</h2>Usually, your dog's immune system keeps microbes and pathogens in check at healthy numbers. But sometimes, "when you get an overgrowth of one over the other, that's when they become opportunistic and create infection," says <a href="https://www.drjoyadvm.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. Joya Griffin</a>, a veterinary dermatologist at Animal <keyword id="11931735" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="dermatology" source="Orion">Dermatology</keyword> Clinic - Louisville.Some of the same microbes that cause smells can also cause infections if your dog's skin barrier is compromised due to allergies or an autoimmune disorder, or if the bacteria enters the skin through a scratch or wound. It may be time to take them to a vet if your dog is stinky in addition to exhibiting any of the following symptoms: <ul><li>Itching or chewing at the skin or paws</li><li>Redness and inflammation</li><li>Bumps, lesions, or pus-filled sores</li><li>Hair loss or dandruff</li></ul>"The biggest thing is, if it doesn't smell right or look right, it's always a good idea to have your family vet take a look first. Or, if it's something that's more persistent, and not getting better, potentially seek out an exam by a dermatologist," Griffin says.<div type="image" title="A pug dog’s face looks at the camera." height="1477" width="2451" msid="92907690" hostid="261" sizebytes="140350"></div><h2>Why are some dogs more smelly?</h2>Some dogs smell more than others. This is due to several factors that can be related to their breed, such as the type and thickness of their coat, their body type, how close their toes are together, and how many skin folds they have.Between the toes is a particularly ideal area for bacteria to proliferate. "The toes in dogs are very close together, they have a lot of hairs, and it allows a lot of moisture to accumulate in those areas. Once you have a lot of moisture, you allow those bacteria that are smelly to overgrow, and then you get some smell from their feet," Hoffmann says.Skin folds are another area where bacteria like to congregate. "Whenever you have a folded area, there's going to be more moisture, heat, and humidity in those areas, which will promote overgrowth of bacteria and yeast, and a lot of times those folds are what smells like corn chips, because those are areas where there's a lot of overgrowth of bacteria and yeast," Griffin says.<div type="image" title="Hands massage soap into a dog’s fur during a bath." height="2084" width="3561" msid="92907691" hostid="261" sizebytes="141060"></div><h2>To reduce the odor, wash their feet and bodies more often</h2>If your dog's smell bothers you, try bathing them more often with a <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/pets/best-dog-shampoo" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gentle dog shampoo</a>. Just be sure not to bathe them so often that it dries out their skin."Some people bathe their dogs one or two times a week," Griffin says. "And, when they start to have skin problems, you need to bathe them more frequently, because it helps to restore the barrier function of the skin, increase moisture in the skin, and remove allergens as well as bacteria and yeast overgrowth on the skin."If over-the-counter dog shampoos don't seem to be doing the trick, visit your vet. They may prescribe a medicated product with more effective active ingredients, such as ketoconazole, salicylic acid, or phytosphingosine, that can help balance out microbial overgrowth and repair the skin.If you have a dog with skin folds, such as an English bulldog, pug, or shar-pei, you should practice fold care, Griffin says. Fold care is essentially cleaning between the folds, where smells can originate and irritating infections can bloom.Here's how to practice fold care on your dog:1. Make a cleaning solution. Griffin says you can either dilute medicated shampoo with water or use medicated wipes. 2. Start in the facial folds. Using a cotton ball, cotton swab, or wipe, clean in between the facial folds. 3. Move to the feet. Clean between the toes and around the paw pads. 4. Clean the groin and armpits. For some dogs, you'll also need to clean around the groin area and under the armpits. Griffin says this is a common area for short, squatty dogs like basset hounds and dachshunds to experience fold dermatitis, or <a href="https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0401/p569.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">intertrigo</a>.Overall, any area on your dog that stays hot and moist should receive a little extra attention when cleaning.If you are regularly bathing your dog but find that you can't bathe the smell away, you should visit your family vet to make sure there are no underlying conditions, such as dental issues or yeast overgrowth, related to the smell.Quick tip: If you really want to mitigate the smell, you need to wash your dog's bedding as well, Hoffmann points out. When washing, use the hottest temperature water you can. According to a <a href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AEM.03002-20" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2021 review</a>, cold laundry cycles and detergent aren't enough to get rid of some of those smelly microbes, including pseudomonas.<div type="image" title="A dog is positioned on his side, showing the bottoms of his front paws." height="1475" width="2302" msid="92907692" hostid="261" sizebytes="337390"></div><h2>What does this mean for dog owners?</h2>Both pseudomonas and proteus can <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK442017/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cause infections</a> in immunocompromised humans, especially in <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/pseudomonas.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">hospital settings</a>. However, Hoffmann says this isn't something healthy people need to be concerned about.In fact, sharing some bacteria and fungi with your dog may actually be a good thing. A <a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/00458" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2013 study</a> found that adults who lived with dogs had a more diverse skin microbiome — thanks to sharing microbes with their pooch — than people without dogs. And researchers have found that when you expose healthy people to a greater diversity of microorganisms, it can strengthen the human immune system, helping the body respond better to harmful pathogens, and reducing the likelihood of <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913501/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">immune system overreactions</a> to harmless microbes."So in general, you do want to have diversity in your microbiome. And the dogs bring that, they increase the diversity of the human microbiome whenever they are sharing a household," Hoffmann says. Note: Your dog also benefits from sharing microbes with you, since a more diverse microbiome is associated with <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01584/full" target="_blank" rel="noopener">less-allergic</a> canine skin. Moreover, a large <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5785484/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2018 study</a> found that dogs living with families who had more than two children — as well as dogs who lived with additional <keyword id="11918129" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="pets" source="Orion">pets</keyword> or on farms — were healthier and less allergic.<h2>Other dog smells and what they mean</h2>Certain dog smells can be a telltale sign that something isn't right with their health.Here are a few common dog smells and how to treat them:<ul><li>Fishy smell: This smell usually indicates that their anal glands, or anal sacs, are either impacted or infected. They may also exhibit other symptoms, such as <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/pets/dog-dragging-butt" target="_blank" rel="noopener">butt dragging</a>. If this happens, you'll need to take your dog to their vet to have their anal glands expressed and examined.</li><li>Rotten breath: They might have dental issues, such as plaque buildup, gingivitis, or ulcers. This smell may also migrate: "If they <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/pets/why-do-dogs-lick-you" target="_blank" rel="noopener">lick</a> themselves and then they have halitosis or bad breath because of dental disease, then sometimes their body starts to also stink," Griffin says. If you think this is the case, take them to your vet for an examination and teeth cleaning.</li><li>Rancid smell: A rancid, yeasty smell is usually associated with an <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5603939/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">overgrowth of the yeast malassezia</a>. If this is the case, your dog will display other symptoms, including scaly, crusty skin, hair loss, and itchiness. Your vet will prescribe a topical shampoo to treat the condition.</li><li>Strong ear smell: According to Griffin, a strong smell, along with a change in appearance, is usually the first sign of an ear infection in dogs. Your dog may also begin to shake their head or scratch around the ear area. Your vet will usually perform a <a href="https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/dog-ear-infections/#:~:text=How%20are%20Dog%20Ear%20Infections,antibiotics%20and%20anti%2Dinflammatory%20medications." target="_blank" rel="noopener">medicated ear cleaning</a> and may prescribe a topical treatment. If the infection is bad enough, it could call for oral antibiotics.</li><li>Breath smells like urine or ammonia: If your dog's breath is very bad and smells reminiscent of urine, it could be a sign of <a href="https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/get-rid-of-stinky-dog-breath/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">kidney disease</a>. This condition would be accompanied by other symptoms, such as vomiting and weight loss. If you suspect your dog may have this condition, take them to a vet as soon as possible.</li><li>Wet dog: There's not much you can do here, except dry your dog thoroughly with a towel. This extremely common smell is due to volatile compounds from the <a href="https://www.compoundchem.com/2015/07/28/wet-dog/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">microorganisms in your dog's fur</a>, which evaporate along with the water.</li><li>Skunk smell: If your dog got into it with a skunk, you can get rid of the smell by washing them with a mixture of baking soda, mild dish soap, and hydrogen peroxide, according to the <a href="https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/home-living/get-rid-of-skunk-smell-on-dog/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">American Kennel Club</a>.</li></ul>Griffin says it's important to try to find the focal point of any smell that isn't normal for your dog. That way, you can examine it to see if it's red and inflamed, itchy, or painful.<h2>Insider's takeaway</h2>In general, body odor is a normal part of being a dog. Dog's skin is populated by bacteria, yeast, and fungi that can cause strange smells but are typically harmless and can even make your dog healthier. If your dog is experiencing discomfort and symptoms like inflammation, lesions, and itching, however, you should probably take them to your family vet. Bacteria or yeast may have overgrown on your dog's skin, causing the irritation. Your vet can prescribe medicated shampoos to treat the overgrowth.Other dog smells you should look out for include a strong ear smell, rotten breath, or a rancid, yeasty smell. These could point to other conditions, such as dental disease or ear infections, that need veterinary attention.

Why does my dog smell like Fritos — and other canine scent anomalies

<ul class="summary-list"><li>British composer <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/andrew-lloyd-webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> has built an <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sunday-times-rich-list-andrew-lloyd-webber-net-worth-5kjwjdspr">£820 million ($1.074 billion)</a> fortune off blockbuster musicals including "School of Rock" and "Cats."</li><li>Lloyd Webber's biggest hit, "The Phantom of the Opera," has made over $6 billion worldwide.</li><li>Lloyd Webber owns a Tudor mansion in southern England, a multimillion-dollar London townhouse, and a horse-breeding farm in the English countryside.</li><li>A film based on Lloyd Webber's musical starring <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/taylor-swift">Taylor Swift</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/jason-derulo">Jason Derulo</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/james-corden">James Corden,</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/jennifer-hudson">Jennifer Hudson</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/ian-mckellen">Ian McKellen</a>, and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/judi-dench">Judi Dench</a> as GCI cats opened Friday.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.</a></li></ul>It's a good thing that Andrew Lloyd Webber is already rich, because it doesn't look like the highly anticipated film adaption of "Cats" is going to be a hit at the box office.The film earned a meager $2.6 million on opening night, despite its production budget of $100 million, and its <a href="https://www.insider.com/cats-movie-visual-effects-re-release-2019-12"></a>"digital fur technology" has been <a href="https://www.insider.com/reactions-new-trailer-for-movie-cats-taylor-swift-2019-7">the laughing stock of the internet</a> for months.Lloyd Webber, the prolific British composer behind "Cats," "Phantom of the Opera," and "Jesus Christ Superstar," built a billion-dollar fortune off blockbuster musicals, according to <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sunday-times-rich-list-andrew-lloyd-webber-net-worth-5kjwjdspr">The Sunday Times' Rich List</a>. The success of his shows helped revitalize the business of theater and made Lloyd Webber "one of the most important composers for the musical theater in the last decades of the 20th century," according to <a href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/stars/andrew-lloyd-webber/">PBS.</a>A representative of Lloyd Webber's company, Really Useful Group, did not immediately respond to Business Insider's request for comment on the composer's net worth or career.Keep reading to learn more about how Andrew Lloyd Webber made and spends his billion-dollar fortune.

How composer Andrew Lloyd Webber built a billion dollar fortune off 'Cats' and 'The Phantom of the Opera'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Cats who contract COVID-19 may cough or sneeze, run a fever, and have nasal or eye discharge.</li><li>If you have the virus, wearing a mask and gloves can help you avoid transmitting it to your cat.</li><li>Cats usually recover in a few days with supportive care, and they won’t transmit the virus to you.</li></ul>As COVID-19 cases continue to increase across the United States, you might worry about transmitting COVID-19 not just to loved ones, but also to your beloved pets. You may have heard about <a href="https://newsroom.wcs.org/News-Releases/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/14084/Update-Bronx-Zoo-Tigers-and-Lions-Recovering-from-COVID-19.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">lions and tigers</a> in the Bronx zoo contracting COVID-19 from people and wonder if your own, tinier cat is at risk.Cats <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1550/htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">generally don't develop severe illness</a> from the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus, or COVID-19. However, they do appear to be more susceptible to catching it than other pets. Read on to learn how to tell if your cat has COVID-19 and what to do if your furry friend becomes ill.<h2>Signs and symptoms of COVID-19 in cats</h2>Most COVID-19 cases in cats are <a href="https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/coronavirus-update/frequently-asked-questions-covid-19-and-feline-health" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mild or asymptomatic</a>. Much like humans, cats often develop symptoms in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. According to the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/covid-19/pets.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)</a>, potential signs of COVID-19 in cats include:<ul><li>Coughing or sneezing</li><li>Trouble breathing</li><li>Fever (over 102.5 F)</li><li>Lack of energy</li><li>Runny nose</li><li>Discharge from the eyes</li><li>Diarrhea or vomiting</li></ul><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1550/htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Experimental research</a> on cats infected with COVID-19 found that symptoms peaked four days after infection.<h2>How do cats contract COVID-19?</h2>Cats catch COVID-19 the same way humans do: By getting virus particles in their mouth or nose. "Transmission in felines, as with people, is primarily airborne, although contaminated food and water bowls, etc. can also be a source," says Carol Osborne, DVM, integrative veterinarian at <a href="https://www.chagrinfallspetclinic.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Chagrin Falls Pet Clinic</a>.Cats can contract the disease from other cats, but <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html#Pets-and-Animals" target="_blank" rel="noopener">most often they get it from humans</a>. Cat owners love to express physical affection to their pets, but this close contact can make it easy for viral particles to pass from one host to another. "This is especially an issue if you kiss, hug, or let your cat lick you," says Chyrle Bonk, DVM, veterinarian at <a href="https://www.hepper.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hepper</a>.<h2>Can cats transmit COVID-19?</h2>Cats can spread the disease to other household felines. That said, in experiments of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/research-suggests-cats-give-coronavirus-to-other-cats-asymptomatic-2020-5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cat-to-cat transmission</a>, infected cats usually developed <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1550/htm#B27-viruses-13-01550" target="_blank" rel="noopener">asymptomatic infections</a>. In a multi-cat household, you can slow transmission by isolating the infected cat.No evidence suggests cats can transmit COVID-19 to dogs. However, cats may be able to transmit the disease to other species of pets, such as hamsters or ferrets. Research suggests feral cats played a role in the spread of COVID-19 between two separate mink farms, suggesting <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7263917/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">interspecies transmission</a> is possible.Currently there are <a href="https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/animal-health-and-welfare/covid-19/sars-cov-2-animals-including-pets" target="_blank" rel="noopener">no records</a> of humans contracting the virus from cats. It's very unlikely cats could easily transmit the virus to humans, for <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/117/42/26382" target="_blank" rel="noopener">two reasons</a>:<ul><li>A brief shedding period: When cats contract the virus, they only shed particles for a short time (around 5 days or less). </li><li>Reinfection rate: Most infected cats develop a robust antibody response, which protects them from getting infected a second time.</li></ul>These factors mean that there is a very short, temporary time in which a cat is infectious. Unless a cat lives in an unusually crowded setting, widespread transmission is unlikely.<h2>Can feline coronavirus cause COVID-19?</h2>SARS-CoV-2 is one of many coronaviruses that can infect mammals. It's not the same as feline coronavirus, a common virus in cats that typically causes mild diarrhea. "COVID-19 is caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. This new virus is a betacoronavirus and is completely unrelated to feline coronavirus, which is an alphacoronavirus," says Jonathan Roberts, veterinarian and consultant for <a href="http://excitedcats.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Excited Cats.</a> In other words, the virus that causes COVID-19 is genetically quite different from feline coronavirus. An infection of feline coronavirus cannot cause COVID-19. If it spreads within a population of cats, however, there is a chance it could mutate and cause a rare disease called <a href="https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/feline-infectious-peritonitis" target="_blank" rel="noopener">feline infectious peritonitis</a> (FIP). Important: A cat with FIP may display symptoms that resemble COVID-19, like shortness of breath or fever. But unlike COVID-19, FIP is almost always fatal for cats without treatment. If your pet is ill, you'll need to take them to a veterinarian right away.<h2>What about other pets?</h2>In February 2021, global tallies showed <a href="https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/animal-health-and-welfare/covid-19/sars-cov-2-animals-including-pets" target="_blank" rel="noopener">115 domestic cats</a> had contracted COVID-19, compared to 81 dogs and one pet ferret. Since pets aren't widely tested, this tally is likely an undercount. But the low numbers imply that pets rarely contract COVID-19 from their owners.A 2020 study suggests <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20097-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cats are more susceptible</a> to developing COVID-19 than dogs. Researchers examined 603 dogs and 316 cats from around Italy. They found 3.3% of dogs and 5.8% of cats had measurable antibody levels. Cats developed a higher level of antibodies than dogs, which means their immune systems may react more strongly to the virus. That said, they're still far less likely to become sick than humans.<h2>What to do if you think your cat could have COVID-19</h2>If your cat shows signs of COVID-19, contact your veterinarian for guidance. Many veterinary clinics offer telemedicine consultations when necessary. Video examinations can be especially helpful if you yourself are quarantining.A veterinarian can usually screen your cat's symptoms without needing a COVID-19 test for confirmation. Dogs and cats <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/animals/animal-testing.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">typically aren't tested for COVID-19</a> unless there is a risk of widespread animal infection, such as an outbreak at an animal shelter. If a test is necessary, your veterinarian will contact state officials for further steps. Important: The antibody tests used for animals are different from those used on humans. You cannot use a human COVID-19 test to gauge your pet's <keyword id="11894571" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="health" source="Orion">health</keyword>.When caring for a sick cat, the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/covid-19/pets.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CDC recommends</a> you:<ul><li>DO isolate your cat to one room of the house (much like you'd do when caring for a sick human).</li><li>DO keep a log of their symptoms and tell your veterinarian about changes in their condition.</li><li>DO NOT let your sick cat outside, even if it is normally an outside cat.</li><li>DO NOT put a mask on your cat. Doing so could cause breathing difficulties.</li><li>DO NOT try to clean your cat's fur with hydrogen peroxide, hand sanitizer, or other chemical cleaning agents. Your veterinarian can offer more guidance on bathing your cat, if needed.</li></ul>Your pet can likely resume their normal routine after they've gone at least three days without symptoms. To date, few cats have <a href="https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/vetr.247" target="_blank" rel="noopener">died from COVID-19</a>. Most cats can return to good health "with proper supportive care, fluids, and good nutrition," says Osborne. <h2>Protecting your cat if you have COVID-19</h2>If you have COVID-19, one of the most effective ways to avoid infecting your cat is to keep your distance, as difficult as that may feel. "If possible, have someone else take care of your cat until you are free from symptoms," says Bonk. Doing so will allow you to rest and your cat to get quality care.If you cannot arrange pet care, you still have options for lowering the risk of transmission. "To protect your feline, be sure to practice good hygiene," says Osborne, who recommends the following: <ul><li>Wearing a mask when around your cat</li><li>Washing your hands thoroughly before and after touching your cat</li><li>Securing trash bins so your cat can't reach used tissues or food containers</li><li>Sanitizing your cat's bowls, bedding, and toys.</li><li>Wearing gloves and mask when cleaning out litter boxes</li></ul>These simple precautions can go a long way toward helping keep your cat from contracting COVID-19.<h2>Insider's takeaway</h2>There's no evidence to suggest you can contract COVID-19 from your cat — but your pet can contract the virus from you. If you're sick, isolate yourself if you can. If you can't isolate from your cat, wear a mask and gloves around your pet when providing care. These safety precautions can help lower their chances of contracting COVID-19. If you think your cat has COVID-19, try not to panic. Most cats only develop mild symptoms, so they likely aren't in danger. Your veterinarian can offer more guidance on assessing your cat's symptoms and caring for them at home.

Yes, cats can get COVID-19, but they're unlikely to become seriously ill

<div class="image-container float_right" style="width:400px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nutria-orange.JPG">Wikipedia</a>The <keyword id="1743366" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nutria">nutria</keyword> is a large rodent that looks like a large rat or a beaver.</div>Oh, rats. 
A very large rodent that looks like a beaver with a rat-like tail is destroying coastal <keyword id="60111" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Louisiana">Louisiana</keyword>, chomping its way through the state's wetland vegetation and removing the plants and grasses that are critical to preventing these marshes from turning into open water. 
The nutria, a web-footed animal with shaggy, brown outer fur and large, orange teeth, is originally from South America. The swamp creature was <a href="http://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/factshts/020-00.pdf" target="_blank">brought to the United States in the early 19th century</a> and farmed for its fur. But as fur declined in popularity over the next century, many farms were shut down. Some animals were released into the wild by their owners, others are believed to have escaped. 
By the 1950s, there were <a href="http://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/factshts/020-00.pdf" target="_blank">around 20 million nutria running around coastal Louisiana</a>, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Today that number has been vastly reduced thanks to a series of <a href="http://wwwprd.doa.louisiana.gov/laservices/publicpages/ServiceDetail.cfm?service_id=3258">efforts to control overpopulation</a>, including a $4 bounty on each nutria tail and an extensive trapping and harvest program. There is also a growing market for nutria meat, which is high in protein. 
<div class="image-container float_left" style="width:350px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Myocastor_coypus4.jpg">Wikipedia</a>The large <keyword id="150572" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="rodents">rodents</keyword> have voracious appetites, which in turn, is destroying Louisiana's wetland vegetation. </div>Documentary filmmaker Chris Metzier, who is currently making a movie about nutria called "Rodents of Unusual Size" (taken from the name of creatures that lived in the fire swamp in "The Princess Bride"), said in an interview with Take Part that the <a href="http://www.takepart.com/article/2013/05/07/rodents-of-unusual-size-nutria-louisiana">Louisiana nutria population is presently around 5 million</a>.
Nutria are known for their hearty appetite and remain a serious threat to Louisiana's wetlands because they feed on the roots of plants. Without the root system to hold the soil together, the land becomes even more vulnerable to erosion and flooding.
The Louisiana government estimates that at any one point in time, nutria impact more than 46,000 acres of Louisiana's coastal wetlands. The silver lining is that that number is down from 80,000 acres, before <a href="http://www.nutria.com/site2.php" target="_blank">nutria-control methods were implemented in 2002</a>.

Beaver-Sized Rodents Are Devouring Louisiana 

Four new dogs have been declared "recognized breeds" <a href="http://www.akc.org/press_center/article.cfm?article_id=5827">by the American Kennel Club (AKC)</a>.
The announcement came on Wednesday that the Spanish water dog (a farm and fishing dog), the Bergamasco (an Italian sheepdog with a matted coat), the Boerboel (a South African watchdog), and the Cirneco dell'Etna (a Sicilian rabbit-hunting breed) will now be eligible to compete in any AKC-sanctioned dog show.&#xa0;
Criteria includes having several hundred of the dog breed nationwide.
The Spanish water dog is an ancient breed of dog with it's earliest ancestor dating back to the Iberian Peninsula in 1110 AD and some of these dogs can still be found working in the mountain of southern Andalusia herding cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep, <a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/spanish_water_dog/history.cfm">according to the AKC</a>. They are herding dogs who are extremely athletic and lively, plus very loyal to their family.<a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/spanish_water_dog/history.cfm"> </a>
The Bergamasco has ancestor from Iran, and primarily worked as a livestock guardian for shepherds. They're highly intelligent and sociable, but primarily known for their thickly matted fur that contains "dog hair," "goat hair," and "wool," <a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/bergamasco/index.cfm">according to the AKC</a>. Though it may look high maintenance, the coat only needs 1-3 baths per year and no brushing after it "sets" at age 1.<a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/bergamasco/index.cfm"> </a>
The Boerboel was a farm dog for pioneers in South Africa since the seventieth century, <a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/south_african_boerboel/breed_standard.cfm%20">according to the AKC</a>. They're a large, confident breed of dog that is calm and loyal with its owner, but extremely protective (they used to guard against predators and would hold down wounded game).&#xa0; <a href="https://www.akc.org/breeds/south_african_boerboel/breed_standard.cfm"> </a>
The Cirneco dell'Etna is a small dog that has been in Sicily for over 2,500 years, <a href="http://www.akc.org/breeds/cirneco_dell_etna/index.cfm%20">according to the AKC</a>. It hunts small animals and flow, and excels in tough conditions like high heart, on rugged terrain, and with little food or water -in other words, this dog would do well in a natural disaster.<a href="http://www.akc.org/breeds/cirneco_dell_etna/index.cfm"> </a>
All four of these dogs will join the other 180 AKC-recognized breeds officially on January 1, 2015.
Unfortunately, though the breeds are now AKC-sanctioned, they are not allowed to compete in the prestigious Westminster Kennel Club show until 2016, <a href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/e4cab8bfe5624d898b89f22c1b6d437b/american-kennel-club-adds-4-new-dog-breeds">according to the Associate Press</a>.

Here Are The 4 New Breeds Of Dogs

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://twitter.com/bronze_bombSHEL">Shelby Ivey Christie</a> is the former digital marketer and sales planner for Vogue. She is currently attending <a href="https://www.nyu.edu/">New York University</a> where she is an M.A. candidate in the Costume Studies graduate program.</li><li>Christie focuses her studies on the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prada-diversity-inclusion-settlement-nyc-human-rights-commission-experts-opinions-2020-2">intersection of race, culture, fashion, and politics,</a> and has written numerous <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/shelbyiveychristie/">articles regarding the topic</a>.</li><li>Online, she is known for her <a href="https://twitter.com/bronze_bombSHEL">Twitter threads</a> documenting black America's historical contributions to the costume and fashion industry. </li><li>In a sit-down interview with Business Insider, Christie spoke about growing up in North Carolina, attending a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/beyonces-ode-to-hbcu-in-homecoming-2019-4">historically black university</a>, working in corporate Fashion America, and the impact black Americans have had on the fashion industry.</li><li>This is part of Business Insider's "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/thestyleseries">The Style Series</a>" highlighting fashion entrepreneurs and businesses across the globe.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.</a></li></ul><a href="https://twitter.com/bronze_bombSHEL">Shelby Ivey Christie</a> is a historian for the digital age. Online, she is known for her meticulous and informative Twitter threads which recount and document the impact black Americans have had on the fashion industry. This is, as she said, to make sure that black people's contributions are widely acknowledged and appreciated, especially when they are often overlooked. Her work has led to notable partnerships, including one with streaming service <a href="https://tidal.com/">Tidal</a> where she was able to interview legendary fashion designer <a href="https://www.instagram.com/dapperdanharlem/?hl=en">Dapper Dan.</a> She also worked with Netflix for the <a href="https://www.netflix.com/title/81013626">release of Beyoncé's 2019 "Homecoming" special</a>. But Christie isn't just "Twitter famous" - she's also an academic. Hailing from North Carolina, she attended <a href="https://www.ncat.edu/">North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University</a> where she obtained a B.A in race, class, and culture. She then moved on to work for some of the biggest corporate names in fashion, including a stint at Vogue as a digital marketing &amp; sales planner. She is now an M.A. candidate at New York University for costume studies. In a sit-down interview with Business Insider, Christie<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/diversity-and-inclusion-change-company-culture-for-black-women-2020-2"> spoke about diversity in the fashion industry</a>, what has changed, and how far we still have to go. "I was born in New York."I was born in New York and I lived there until I was three. And then my mom and I moved to Denver, Colorado. I grew up [in Denver] until I was 10, then I moved to Charlotte, North Carolina. Growing up, I [would] bounce between wanting to be an attorney and a fashion designer. I did always love fashion ... [but] by the time I got to high school, [my passion] was more journalism."I went to North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University."I entered as a fashion merchandising student. But at the time, I had a boyfriend who went to another school and he was a history major, and I loved talking to him about black history. I was like, 'wow, I think I really love that.' So I secretly snuck and changed my major. [But] I was confused [about my career path] - I took two years off from school [and] in that time, I moved back to New York to intern for [W magazine] and I took community college classes online ... I went back to college [at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University] when I was 21. I entered as a race, class, and culture major."When I came [back] into fashion in 2015 I moved to New York <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/celebrity-stylist-julia-von-boehm-fashion-empire-career-interview-2020-2">to intern for InStyle magazine</a>."That was right around [the time] where you were hearing whispers about magazines starting to close. I love fashion and I thought, 'okay the editorial sounds like it's not going to be doing so hot.' But at time, the fashion closet was right around the corner from the marketing director. I thought, 'oh, what does he do?' and someone said 'Oh, he's a marketing director.' And I knew about marketing as a business corporate function, but I never knew these corporate roles [overlapped] into fashion ... I knew there was more job security there. "I think a lot of fashion operates on white nepotism."A lot of the people who occupied that space, they haven't had to maybe work their way all the way up, or they come from a certain kind of pedigree or background. So they probably haven't spent a lot of time around people of color. You're kind of the one person who they interact with throughout their day who isn't white. So there's a lot of pressure that comes with that from a performance perspective, always having that extra gaze on you. And then just the rigor of the work."Vogue was some of the most challenging work I've ever done in my life."In the last two years since I left [Vogue], I started the Instagram Stories and the Twitter threads, and they've taken off. I was only able to do that because I was no longer at Vogue - because I didn't technically work in fashion anymore, so I could be more vocal.[Eventually] I wanted to figure out, 'okay, I love fashion, I want an advanced degree. What does that look like for someone who doesn't want to go into design?' "I'm a fashion historian and a curator, but I do wear many hats."I do like to always put myself out there for opportunities where I'd be leading discussions with brands. I just partnered with <a href="https://tidal.com/">Tidal</a>, sitting down with <a href="https://www.instagram.com/dapperdanharlem/?hl=en">Dapper Dan</a> for them ... And I partnered with <a href="https://www.netflix.com/title/81013626">Netflix to do a thread about Beyoncé's "Homecoming" costumes.</a> I try to make myself available for all different opportunities ... I want to be the authority as far as costume and fashion goes from a cultural, societal, and race perspective."I want [people] to understand that fashion is not just this frivolous thing."It's not just clothing. It's political. Textiles can tell us a story about how [the] economy [is doing] ... I think the more people learn about [fashion and its history], the more it can help inform decisions and help people make better ones and understand the time that we're living in. Just from observing fashion."Black people have given so much flavor, color, and depth to the fashion landscape that it would not be there without us."Look at <a href="http://www.thebootcave.com/">Bootsy Collins</a> and the funk movement. And all of the camp that they injected into the atmosphere and changed the way black masculinity was perceived. <a href="https://www.instagram.com/bustarhymes/">Busta Rhymes</a>, <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/andre-3000-isnt-rapping-anymore-928207/">Andre 3000</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/liluzivert/">Lil Uzi Vert</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/youngthug?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor">Young Thug</a> - the work that they've done to change how masculinity is viewed in hip-hop from a straight cis male perspective. And we go all the way back - <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/meet-three-black-designers-who-were-hidden-figures-fashion-industry-n974671">Zelda Wynn Valdes designed the Playboy bunny costume</a>, [which was] the standard of sexy. "[Black people have] always been in awe of luxury, because that's where we come from, right?"Luxury is a symbol of rising from the ashes in a sense. We've caught up to our [white] counterparts in the 400 years [<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/14/magazine/1619-america-slavery.html">since American slavery ended</a>]. It took them centuries to do what we have done. The concept of "<a href="http://thesaltcollective.org/why-black-people-dress-up-for-church/">Sunday's best</a>" is something that is true to African American culture - and that thread has stayed with us. We love to get dressed. Fashion is both societal and political ... For many, many years, black women wore uniforms - something that was made in a farm, or a housekeeper uniform. And so when you finally did not have to be in your uniform, or you were finally off work on Sunday - you were with your own family after being with the white family you worked for all week, and you finally get to Sunday, and you can wear your own clothes."The black elite definitely dresses differently [than they did in the past]."Furs would have been a mile marker, white gloves, different kinds of hats. Now we're less focused on the pearls; it's moreso about individuality. Affluent black people have moved away from those key indicators in wanting to homogenize into white society. Now we're at a point where to be wealthy is to be able to express yourself in the truest, purest form. Wearing a black designer on a red carpet or to a very importance appearance ... that is more like a show of power and allegiance for upwardly mobile black people."I don't think <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/virgil-abloh-says-streetwear-is-going-to-die-next-year-2019-12">streetwear is dead."</a>There's been a dramatic shift back to feminine silhouettes. But I don't think that means that streetwear is dead; I think people are observing that [shift] and they might think, okay, there definitely is a shift away from [streetwear] as far as, you know, whole collections dedicated to streetwear. But I don't think it will ever be dead because it's ingrained in a black way of dressing, and one can't be divorced from the other.When you see a sneaker, whether that is on a runway or out on the street, that comes from a certain kind of hip hop culture. There's culture in that, whether it's intentional or not."I'm passionate about making sure that our footprint [and] black people's contributions to the fashion landscape are documented and more widely known."As a black woman who used to work in fashion, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/raf-simons-tapped-as-prada-co-creative-director-2020-2">we revered the YSL, we revered the Dior</a> - and I love [Dior] and I love his legacy - but we so often don't hear or see anybody who looks like us, even though they existed.My hope is that people who are passionate about fashion - even people who are already more familiar with the black footprint and the black impact of fashion - know that we were there in the beginning and that there are all these great fashion pioneers who were black too.

The Style Series: Twitter's preeminent black fashion historian on 'white nepotism' in the industry - and the urgency of recognizing black America's impact on luxury

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Shaul Schwarz and Christina Clusiau never thought much about big game hunting. In fact, the two photojournalists-turned-filmmakers, who have been a couple for years, didn't even know how each other&#xa0;felt about the controversial sport.Then almost four years ago, Schwarz was on his computer when he came across a "trophy shot" - a photo taken of a hunter next to the animal he or she has just killed. Schwarz shouted his displeasure, which fell on deaf ears as Clusiau didn't see any problem with it."Growing up in Northern Minnesota it's what people do, hunting," Clusiau, sitting alongside Schwarz, told Business Insider. "So to me I felt everybody does it. It's normal.""I grew up in Israel where if you shot a deer you shot Bambi," Schwarz said.&#xa0;That led to the making of "Trophy" (opening in select theaters on Friday), the duo's powerful documentary that delves into the world of safari hunting. On the surface, the movie looks to be an anti-big game hunting movie that sheds light on man's atrocities toward animals. And with the main financing coming from Impact Partners - a company most recognized for backing the 2009 Oscar-winning movie, "The Cove," which looks at the slaughter of dolphins in Taijii, Japan - that wouldn't be a bad guess.&#xa0;But Schwarz and Clusiau go beyond the low-hanging viral sensations that diminish the sport, from Donald Trump's sons <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trumps-sons-killed-a-whole-bunch-of-big-game-on-an-african-safari-2012-3">taking trophy shots</a> while on a hunting safari in Zimbabwe, to&#xa0;the death of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/tragic-story-cecil-lion-zimbabwe-walter-palmer-2015-7">Cecil the lion</a>&#xa0;at the hands of a Minnesota dentist. Instead, they explore a complex issue in which big game hunting has fueled not just breeding of endangered species but wildlife conservation as well.That was the biggest shock Schwarz and Clusiau got when attending Safari Club International's annual Hunters' Convention in Las Vegas in 2014. Essentially the Comic-Con of hunting, the three-day event offers everything from buying the latest high-tech hunting weapons, to getting a new fur coat, to&#xa0;spending thousands of dollars to make a reservation to hunt a buffalo or rhino on an African safari."It angers you that there's so much money, but then they started to throw this argument at us that money is what drives this, this is why there is wildlife conservation," Schwarz said.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>The movie explores this tricky&#xa0;topic with lush visuals and moving interviews from those on the front lines of the issue, who are passionate about their stance.There's Philip Glass, a Texas sheep breeder who is on a quest to hunt the "big five game" (African lion, elephant, cape buffalo, leopard, and rhino); John Hume, a South African who owns a rhino farm and cuts off their horns to protect them from poachers; Christo Gomes, a South African all-inclusive safari owner; and Chris Moore, a Zimbabwean anti-poacher.With a crew only made up of Schwarz and Clusiau, the two traveled with their subjects around Africa and other parts of the world. How to tell their stories evolved through time. At first, the two wanted to tell it as a verite with no narration or interviews. However, gradually they brought in interviews to better explain why people believe big game hunting is a positive for wildlife in Africa."When we started working with <a href="https://cbs.umn.edu/contacts/craig-packer-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Craig Packer</a>, the ecologist, that helped us reinforce doing interviews because he's the one that says how this model can bring a restored ecosystem," Clusiau said. Including interviews also revealed a surprising emotional moment. In one interview with Gomes, he breaks down and cries after asked if he has ever had an emotional connection to the animals he breeds that are eventually killed by hunters on his safari.Then there are the movie's visuals, which aren't just stunning but showcase the incredible access the filmmakers got. To pull that off was physically draining and at at times dangerous.The two often lugged around a drone for miles to film aerial shoots. It paid off after Glass killed an elephant. Before men from a local town picked it apart for meat to bring back to their village, Schwarz and Clusiau filmed an aerial shot via drone of the dead elephant. It's one of the most memorable shots in the movie.But getting drone shots almost led to the filmmakers getting stranded in the bush. After filming shots with the drone one morning, they went back by boat to the camp where they were to meet their hunting party. But when they got to the site no one was there."I think the guy misunderstood that we were coming back," Clusiau said.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Remembering being told that buffalo and crocodiles roam the river at this time of day, the filmmakers knew they couldn't walk along the river to get back to the home base. They thought of taping a note to the drone and flying it back to the base to get help. But finally Schwarz got reception on his phone and after calling numerous numbers where no one picked up the phone, he emailed the general email box of one of the companies that assisted in connected them with the hunters. Four hours later, a boat came to pick them up.But their closest call wasn't realized until six months after shooting was completed.Schwarz got a voice mail out of the blue from Moore who shared what he learned about the poacher they were trying to track down when Schwarz and Clusiau filmed one of his anti-poacher raids:"So, I discovered from an informant yesterday that that night when you were on that raid the guy was at home, he was there, he jumped out of the window, remember there were no burglar bars. And he had the 375 high-caliber rifle and he didn't know which guy to shoot, you or me," Moore said in the voice mail, which Schwarz played for Business Insider. "He was confused. But he got a beat on both of us a few times and then, anyway, he decided to not pull the trigger for whatever reason."Besides the incredible access, what makes "Trophy" so memorable is its ability to tell both sides of a complex issue. Schwarz and Clusiau are well aware the movie is a tough sell for people. But what they have realized is once they get people in the theater, they'll recognize the other side of the argument."We had Philip Glass at a screening in LA, a very liberal audience, and two days later he got this long email from a person there saying they were still against trophy hunting but thanked him for the dialogue," Schwarz said. "And from the hunter side we hear from people who say, 'Maybe 'God giveth' isn't the best excuse.' That makes me happy. We are happy when people will go out of their comfort zone."<div></div> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/game-of-thrones-fan-theory-says-bran-is-night-king-hbo-stark-white-walker-warg-2017-8">A popular 'Game of Thrones' fan theory says Bran is the Night King - here's why</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

The filmmakers behind a big game hunting documentary talk about tackling a controversial subject and their close call with a poacher

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image">Alberto E. Rodriguez/GettyShailene Woodley "hangs loose" with her "Spectacular Now" co-stars while barefoot on the red carpet at the film's premiere.</div></div></div>Actress Shailene Woodley may be raking in up to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-shailene-woodleys-divergent-paycheck-2014-3" target="_blank">half a million dollars for her role</a> in the upcoming "Divergent" three-part franchise, but that doesn't mean the 22-year-old is living the high life.
In a new interview with <a href="http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/shailene-woodley-is-divergent-star-685842" target="_blank">The Hollywood Reporter</a>, Woodley revealed a side of herself that few have seen: hippie chick.
There have been <a href="http://www.buzzfeed.com/whitneyjefferson/wonderfully-hippie-new-agey-things-that-shailene-woodley-sai" target="_blank">clues along the way</a> - like when the actress <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/16/shailene-woodley-barefoot-running-shoes_n_1208836.html" target="_blank">wore barefoot running shoes</a> to the Golden Globes after party in 2012 or attended "The Spectacular Now" premiere without shoes, wearing a Navajo pendant, and throwing out the "hang loose" hand sign [see right].
But we didn't quite realize the extent of Woodley's fur and diamond-shunning, mountain water-gathering, hug-happy, anti-Hollywood ways until she <a href="http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/shailene-woodley-is-divergent-star-685842" target="_blank">opened up to THR</a>.
Here are a few of our favorite quotes.
Hugging:
<ul>
<li>Explaining why she hugs every reporter on a red carpet press line: "We've got a set amount of time in our lives, you know. You might as well make every conversation count. So that's like the hug. It's kind of like, 'Hey, I'm real. You're real. Let's connect.'"</li>
</ul>
Religion:
<ul>
<li>"My religion is the Earth, man. I believe in trees."</li>
<li>"I'm going to be a citizen of this planet, and I'm going to do my responsibility and live in stride with nature instead of constantly fighting against her."</li>
</ul>
Fashion:
<ul>
<li>"I exclusively buy used clothes." </li>
<li>"If I was to show up wearing my five-toe shoes, my Melodia organic leggings and some hippie top, no one is going to take me seriously ...When I go on a red carpet, I'm Shailene, but I'm also Shailene representing a movie. I'm there for my boss, for my employer, so part of that comes with wearing the uniform."</li>
<li>Although she has her limits, she refuses to wear fur or diamonds.</li>
<li>During the THR interview, Woodley was wearing a Navajo pendant. She explains of its significance: "It's my way of just recognizing spirit - as hippie as that may sound - in an industry where sometimes materialism is the main focus, it's kind of my way of grounding and remembering what's important to me."</li>
</ul>
Drinking Water:
<ul>
<li>"She totes around a glass Mason jar for drinking water because she doesn't want to expose herself or the planet to the estrogen-like chemicals used in plastics," notes THR.</li>
<li>When in Los Angeles, she lugs 5-gallon carboys up in the mountains to capture her own drinking water. </li>
</ul>
Traveling:
<ul>
<li>Woodley has no current home, but instead says, "I'm doing the vagabond lifestyle for a bit."</li>
<li>She just trekked to Costa Rica by herself before embarking on the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-shailene-woodleys-divergent-paycheck-2014-3#ixzz2vDrC1IYY" target="_blank">"Divergent" press tour</a>.</li>
</ul>
Friends and Lovers:
<ul>
<li>"I fall in love with human beings based on who they are, not based on what they do or what sex they are."</li>
<li>THR conducted part of Woodley's interview during the Sundance Film Festival. Writer Tatiana Siegel mused, "She and her two best friends - a long-haired brunette and a young man who looks like he just stumbled out of a Phish concert, her constant Sundance companions whom she declines to identify - forage for strange fruits in whatever city they visit ... I begin to get the impression that she might be romantically involved with her two friends, whom she says she met six years ago. Then again, maybe they simply share a passion for fruit-foraging and Wasatch Mountain road trips."</li>
</ul>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image">Jason Merritt/GettyTwo of Shailene Woodley's favorite things: Laura Dern and hugging.</div></div></div>Her Close Friendship with Laura Dern:
<ul>
<li>Woodley and Dern bonded on the "Fault in Our Stars" set. Dern delivered a spot-on impression of Woodley in a restaurant during their Pittsburgh shoot: "Shailene's like, 'God, great, I looked at your menu. It's so awesome. Hey, what kind of oil do you guys cook in? Oh, you do? Hmm, you never use beef fat from sustainable farms where it's grass-fed? Oh wow, you guys are open to that? Cool. Can we have a tour of your kitchen?' "</li>
<li>"People might think they're saving the planet, taking half steps," says Dern. "Shailene is taking it to such a different level."</li>
<li>Dern says the two have become so close that "There are times when I have called my house when out of town and found out that Shailene's over here making dinner with my children."</li>
</ul>
How She Dealt With Losing A Role To Dakota Fanning:
<ul>
<li>At age 9, Woodley was devastated after she lost out on the "I Am Sam" role to Dakota Fanning. She recalls: "My dad pulled me aside, and he said: 'Shai, what are you doing? You have so much anger, and you're feeling so let down by the fact that you didn't book [this]. I want you to close your eyes right now and picture this Dakota girl, and I want you to send her so much love and so much light because one day you're going to book something that you really want, and you're not going to want all of the girls around you that you competed against to feel anger against you. You're going to want them to support you on your journey. And so it's your turn right now to support Dakota on her journey.' And so I did that." </li>
</ul>
What's Next For Her?
<ul>
<li>"I might open a restaurant, and it's going to be like restaurant in the morning, dance club at night," says the self-described omnivore. "Who knows?"</li>
</ul>
Watch Shailene Woodley on the set of her <a href="http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/shailene-woodley-is-divergent-star-685842" target="_blank">Hollywood Reporter</a> interview and cover shoot below:

The Young Star Of Huge New 'Divergent' Franchise Is A Hardcore Hippie

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="46161" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Disney">Disney</keyword>'s <keyword id="6371668" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="animals">Animals</keyword>, Science and Environment team oversees animal care, conservation, and environmental initiatives across Disney parks around the world.</li><li>Dr. Mark Penning, who goes by Dr. Mark, leads this team and spoke to Insider about what it's like to work with animals at Disney, and look for new ways to make the parks more sustainable.</li><li>Disney parks sent <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_Se7pWD67P/">32 million pounds less waste</a> to the landfill in 2019 than they did in 2008.</li><li>Each day, <keyword id="71278" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Disney-World">Disney World</keyword>'s animal nutrition center prepares <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_SmBgmjhLh/">10,000 pounds of food for Animal Kingdom's more than 5,000 animals</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>Born and raised in South Africa, <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2020/01/follow-disneys-dr-mark-penning-on-instagram/">Dr. Mark Penning</a> — who goes by Dr. Mark — worked as a veterinarian specializing mostly in birds and reptiles before he started working at <a href="https://www.insider.com/category/disney">Disney</a> seven years ago.As the company's Vice President of Animals, Science and Environment, Dr. Mark oversees animal care, conservation, and environmental initiatives across <a href="https://www.insider.com/category/disney-parks">Disney parks</a> around the world. And though it's clear he loves animals, Dr. Mark says it's the people he works with who make his job so great."What I love most about my job is working with the most incredible people — really smart scientists, dedicated conservationists, engineers, entertainers and more," Dr. Mark told Insider via email.While Disney parks are closed, Dr. Mark is giving fans a behind-the-scenes look at what he and his team usually do at work on his <a href="https://www.instagram.com/drmarkatdisney/">Instagram account</a>. As you can imagine, a day at the office for Dr. Mark is anything but ordinary.<h2>Dr. Mark, Disney's Vice President of Animals, Science and Environment, told Insider that no 2 days at work are the same</h2>The mission of Disney's Animals, Science and Environment team is to protect the planet by reducing waste and emissions, conserving water, and protecting wildlife.This goes way beyond caring for the animals at Disney's <keyword id="405734" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="animal-kingdom">Animal Kingdom</keyword> to include plastic-use reduction through the elimination of <a href="https://thewaltdisneycompany.com/disney-expands-environmental-commitment-by-reducing-plastic-waste/">single-use straws and stirrers</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_VWJ99DsoR/">planting pollinator gardens</a> across the Walt Disney World property to support the bee, butterfly, and bird populations, and the addition of a <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2019/02/major-new-270-acre-solar-facility-now-online-providing-clean-energy-to-walt-disney-world-resort/">270-acre solar power facility</a> that is expected to generate enough energy to power two of Disney's four Florida theme parks."My day-to-day life is always different," Dr. Mark said.One day, he could be overseeing the team of more than 1,000 people who look after Disney's animal collection, which extends far beyond the gates of Animal Kingdom in Orlando, Florida. The next day, he could be working on a TV program or movie, or working on improving Disney's clean energy initiatives or how the parks can manage trash.In an April interview with the podcast <a href="https://d23.com/podcast/d23-inside-disney-episode-33/">D23 Inside Disney</a>, Dr. Mark said his team is also responsible for "the wellbeing of fish in a snorkel lagoon at Aulani, a stingray touch experience in the Bahamas associated with our cruise ships, and the hoses that pull the carriages through Magic Kingdom."When Insider asked Dr. Mark about his favorite memory working at Disney, he told us of the time he joined <a href="https://www.insider.com/disney-imagineer-animal-kingdom-instagram-behind-the-scenes-secrets-2020-4">Imagineer Joe Rohde</a> on an Adventures by Disney trip to South Africa."I have some truly unforgettable memories of that trip, including seeing penguins in Cape Town and singing songs around the campfire," he said.<h2>Dr. Mark's team cares for more than <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_SmBgmjhLh/">5,000 animals at Animal Kingdom</a> and across the Walt Disney World resort</h2>This includes everything from nutrition, veterinary care, and making sure the animal's habitats are as close as possible to what they would experience in the wild."Our animals receive incredible attention from our animal care specialists. This ranges from a healthy diet, developed by our wildlife nutrition scientists at our Animals Nutrition Center, to providing special training that allows our animals to feel comfortable participating in their own medical examinations (including a <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2020/03/disneys-animal-kingdom-welcomes-baby-porcupine/">baby porcupine's newborn checkup</a>)," Dr. Mark said."We also provide our animals with special enrichment activities, including unique habitat characteristics and tools that allow them to practice habits and decision making they would exhibit in the wild," he added.In fact, even the <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2020/03/caring-for-animals-dr-mark-penning-shares-appreciation-for-dedicated-team/">animals that are on display at Animal Kingdom</a>, like those guests can see on the Kilimanjaro Safaris, can take a day off if they don't feel like seeing visitors."Even when our parks are open to guests, our animals are able to roam between both their on-stage and backstage habitats at Walt Disney World Resort," Dr. Mark said.When these animals do need special care, they can visit the onsite veterinary hospital, but a few animals are just a little bit too big to fit through the doors."If an animal is too big to fit through the door of the hospital, the medical team is able to go out to the barns and perform medical procedures there. Working with big animals like giraffes and elephants requires empathy, creativity, and ingenuity," Dr. Mark said. "No matter where or how our animals need care or assistance, our animal care team is specially trained to interact and assist with each species at our parks to ensure safety of both our animals and keepers."<h2>Heading up conservation efforts for Disney is no small task</h2>As well as <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_Se7pWD67P/">eliminating millions of pounds of waste</a> and reducing greenhouse emissions equal to <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_Se7pWD67P/">taking 10,000 cars off the road</a>, Dr. Mark and his team have their sights set on a slew of other eco-friendly initiatives. In addition to doing away with plastic straws and stirrers, Disney is reducing plastics in its parks by offering <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B8_1GWUHb8y/">reusable shopping bags</a> at retail locations and switching to <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B9CbQhRH9Yv/">refillable amenities</a> in hotel rooms.Dr. Mark is also involved with the <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2020/04/honoring-25-years-of-action-and-impact-through-the-disney-conservation-fund-thank-you-for-helping-us-protect-the-magic-of-nature/">Disney Conservation Fund</a>, which is celebrating 25 years of protecting wildlife and the environment and has donated more than $100 million to conservation programs around the world.Within the parks, this fund supports a program that allows Brazilian migratory birds called <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B7q3hsTHYlS/">purple martins</a> to <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2018/01/wildlife-wednesday-purple-martins-return-to-walt-disney-world-resort/">nest and raise their babies at Disney World</a> before flying the 3,000 miles home.Outside of the park, this fund oversees the <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2016/12/wildlife-wednesday-sea-turtles-and-disneys-moana-a-shared-journey/">sea turtle protection program</a> at Disney's Vero Beach Resort and the effort to <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2016/08/wildlife-wednesday-disney-helps-reverse-the-decline-of-cotton-top-tamarins/">reverse the decline</a> of the endangered South American <a href="https://disneyworld.disney.go.com/attractions/animal-kingdom/disney-animals-cotton-top-tamarins/">Cotton-top Tamarin</a>, and more.<h2>Dr. Mark shared a couple of tips for Disney fans who want to promote conservation and environmentalism at home</h2>"Two ways that I personally try to help support efforts from home is by planting pollinator friendly plants to attract bees and butterflies, as well as planting trees in my garden and neighborhood to help offset my carbon footprint," he told Insider.In fact, Dr. Mark says he <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B_TchPAD-sw/">plants a tree</a> for every flight he takes, which is quite a lot. If you're feeling inspired, you can learn how to replicate Dr. Mark's <a href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2020/04/disneymagicmoments-learn-how-to-create-a-pollinator-garden-for-your-home-from-walt-disney-world-expert/">pollinator project</a> at home, and you'll soon see more birds, bees, and butterflies enjoying the new habitat you've created for them.<h2>Probably the most surprising aspect of Dr. Mark's job is that he has worked with Walt Disney Pictures to ensure the animals are portrayed correctly</h2>"We work with the production teams on films and television shows that feature animals or nature to make sure that they are accurate and that they portray animals in a way that is consistent with our core values," Dr. Mark said. "We also have a person from <a href="https://www.americanhumane.org/?utm_source=google%20grants&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=branding&amp;gclid=EAIaIQobChMI8bDo_JWi6QIVzJyzCh3png1ZEAAYAyAAEgKpnPD_BwEAEgKpnPD_BwE">American Humane</a> on the set when live animals are present."On D23 Inside Disney, Dr. Mark told the story of his work on the animated film "Zootopia.""The crew came over and met a real sloth [...] They have these weird eyes and a very peculiar expression on their face, they look quite constipated most of the time. They move so strangely, they're very slow, and the film crew was just fascinated with this animal," he told the podcast. "They were filming it to see how the light reflects off the fur and that sort of thing but they were so enamored with actually seeing this animal right up close and being able to film it that that animal went to becoming one of the important players in the film."<h2>Dr. Mark has also been able to help protect his favorite animal, the king cobra, as part of his work</h2>We can see how it would be hard to choose a favorite when your whole life revolves around wild animals, but we couldn't let a lifelong animal lover get away without at least asking."This is an incredibly difficult question for me to answer as I truly love and am fascinated by all animals," Dr. Mark said. "While I can't say that I have a favorite at Walt Disney World Resort, my favorite animal in general is probably the king cobra. As a wildlife veterinarian."Dr. Mark's position with Disney has even helped to protect king cobras in India. Through the Disney Conservation Fund, the Eastern Ghats Wildlife Society is protecting the king cobra and other threatened snake populations, including training local communities on how to safely share space with the snakes.If helping to save your favorite animal isn't a pretty amazing job perk, we don't know what is.Read the original article on <a href="https://www.insider.com/disney-dr-mark-what-its-like-working-with-animals-2020-5">Insider</a>

Disney's Dr. Mark works with wild animals at its parks all over the world. Here's what his dream job is really like.

What's inside these 8 unique creatures

Chris Arnade <a href="http://arnade.tumblr.com/post/44705871250/staring-into-the-abyss">left his job</a> as a foreign exchange trader at a major investment bank to pursue photography full-time.
He's not your typical photographer, though.
Arnade, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/s?q=chris+arnade">who is very critical of Wall Street</a>, spends his time in some of the city's roughest neighborhoods.
Some of his most powerful work comes from Hunts Point, Bronx, where he has photographed hundreds of drug addicts. Along with his photos, Arnade writes down his subjects' stories, with help from writer Cassie Rodenberg.
Below is a sample of photos and stories from Arnade's "<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/sets/72157627894114489/">Faces Of Addiction</a>."
You can follow him on <a href="https://twitter.com/Chris_arnade">Twitter</a>, <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Chris-Arnade-Photography/281993958534617?fref=ts">Facebook</a>, <a href="http://arnade.tumblr.com/">Tumblr</a>, and <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/">Flickr</a>.
<h3>A small moment on a snowy evening</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11435384976/">Chris Arnade </a></div></div>
Sonya was past complaining about the eye. The feet were the issue. The Uggs knockoffs, great when dry, were now a frozen mush of fur and dirt.
A month of cold weather was wearing. She rubbed the eye, "I can still see out of it, so it's not getting worse."
My phone rang. Shelly had three minutes to speak, her call of the day from Rikers. "When you coming to visit? Did you get my stuff?"
I handed the phone to Sonya who made two minutes of promises. They have been living under the same bridge for the last three weeks.
The line clicked dead before I could talk more.
"He wants his make-up saved. He hid it before he got arrested."
Shelly. Arrested for shoplifting in the CVS. Always the same CVS. One month in Rikers. A forced detox for Christmas.
Sonya limped towards the drug dealers clustered on the corner, looking for Xanax. "Five sticks. I can make it through detox if I have five sticks."
<h3>The Ritual of Drugs</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11354157814/in/photostream/">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
Shelly bent over, focused on the items arrayed in front of her: Needle, cap, water, lighter, and cotton. All lit by candle.
She spilled the heroin into the cap, added water, heated it into syrup. She dropped in a small swab of cotton, inserted the needle into the swab, and drew up the liquid.
She looked down at her left forearm, slapped a vein, and slowly put in the needle, drawing up the blood to mix with the heroin.
She blew on the needle, and pushed the blood and heroin back in. Her face and body went slack.
<h3>Ritual of Drugs 2</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11369450644/in/photostream/">Chris Arnade </a></div></div>
A low needs a high, especially a low that now only gets you straight, keeps the sick away.
Find any pipe, everyone has one. Pepsi keeps hers jammed in her bra. "Jessica keep hers jammed in her pussy. Cops won't go searching there."
Place a wad of screen in end of pipe. Pour a few rocks onto it.
Two lungs full, that is all you need.
Five seconds of euphoria. Ten minutes of paranoia.
<h3>"Reality is no TV show"</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11324149574/in/photostream/">Chris Arnade </a></div></div>
Sonya knows how to look bad. It helps her make money panhandling. Today she wasn't panhandling. It was too cold and wet for that.
She just looked bad.
The snow had beat down her camp, now a pile of garbage and just the outline of a tent. When the wind blows hard enough, like today, the Bruckner, fifteen feet above, provides little protection. It was also a dumb decision to build on low-lying land.
She sat in the mud working on her foot, the only place with a vein that wasn't corrupted. For five minutes she sat there, snow collecting on her hair, water working its way into her pants, and tried to make a needle go where it wasn't wanted.
The busses, BX 6 and BX 7, came by every five minutes, spraying slush over the camp. Sonya stayed still focused on the needle, on the vein that wasn't much of a vein anymore.
"SHIT! You fucking piece of shit! Go in damn you."
She finally quit, rolling her sock back onto her foot, her foot back into the boots. Everything was wet.
"My eye, it's red and oozing. Hard to open. My ear hurts. It was fine last night. I might have gotten glass in it. Glass is everywhere."
I offered to take her to the hospital, but Sonya doesn't like help, doesn't like doctors, and doesn't like needing anyone. Except that dirty bastard of a husband of hers, Eric. (Yes, Eric, when you are in detox and clean and reading this, you know that is what she calls you. It's what you call yourself after all. You know she loves you more than anyone loves someone else. Still, you are a dirty bastard of a husband.)
She smiled though. Sonya always manages a smile.
She asked about my children, about my Thanksgiving, about me. "You look tired Chris. You need some rest."
We went into the Bodega and she watched a TV she couldn't understand. She stood there for fifteen minutes, absorbing the heat and dry, laughing at the Spanish show, a drama about prisons and drugs.
Actors shot pretend drugs into their arms and yelled at each other.
"Everyone looks so clean. I guess they got a better drugs down there in Mexico. Reality is no TV show."
<h3>Bedside table for a place with no bed</h3>
<h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image">Chris Arnade </div></div></h3>
* Needles * Crack Pipes * Cigs * Lighters * Condoms * Make-up kit * Pipe cleaners * Mixing caps * Methadone program ID * Semi-sterile water * Left over McDonalds
<h3>A coincidence revealed between hits of crack, between dates, sitting in a dark van</h3>
<h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11183735693/in/photostream/">Chris Arnade </a></div></div></h3>
A man had just left, a small man hidden behind jackets, a man who paid $20 to have his dick sucked. Ramone had also left, to buy gas and drugs for Sarah and himself.
Alone, Sarah and I talked about Thanksgiving, about being in the country, about being away from the city. She told of going to nature camp in Vermont when she was younger. "It was my happiest moments, we raised the animals, swam, and every night we sat in a circle and told what was on our mind. Nobody made fun of anyone else. It was a Quaker camp, called Farm and Wilderness. I stopped going my last year, I still regret that decision."
I asked, "Farm and Wilderness, in Plymouth Vermont? My wife went to that camp."
I called my wife and [she and] Sarah spoke, reminiscing about a place they both attended, but at different times.
Sarah put down the phone, took in hit of crack. "I loved that place. Loved it. Do you mind staying here alone for a bit. I got to run over to that truck. Will only be fifteen minutes."
<h3>A van for three</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/11049665745/in/photostream/">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
Jennifer arrived with $200, manic and generous. Enough money to let her stay the night, enough money to start the van and run the heat, enough money for McDonalds, enough money for Ramone to run to Gilbert Street, past the man hunched against the wind, through the door opened with a brick, up the stairs, into an apartment sweet with crack.
$180 worth of drugs to bring back. Enough drugs to turn an old van into a drug trap.
Ramone couldn't hit, his vein was too stingy. He could draw the blood out, mixing with heroin in the syringe, but it stayed there. He couldn't push it back in. Sarah held a light to his arm, encouraged him, keeping him calm.
Jennifer laughed, crackling to herself, manic, rearranging her purse, her pipe, her dildo, her lighter, her condoms, her makeup, her purse again, her pipe again. A date was coming. A date, despite the cold, despite the wind. Can you believe it? Did you see the pipe? Did you? Do you know where the condoms are? You have a lighter? Where is the pipe? WHERE IS THE PIPE?
Jennifer left, under dressed for the cold.
Ramone pulled the needle, still filled with heroin and blood. He took in two pipes of crack, put on his layers. Back to Gilbert Street. Another bag. Maybe this one would be lucky.
Sarah, alone in the van, let in a man, hidden beneath layers. She turned off the flashlight as he lowered his pants.
<h3>Takeesha and Carmela: Hunts Point, Bronx</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/8746716381/in/set-72157627894114489/">Chris Arnade </a></div></div>
Both were raped by family members before they were ten.
Both escaped to the Bronx streets: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/7851973212/in/set-72157627894114489">Takeesha</a> at eleven and <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/8720885718/in/photostream">Carmela</a> at twelve.
Both started prostituting by thirteen. Carmela found men gave her things in exchange for her body. Takeesha's mother sold her.
Both started injecting heroin into their bodies soon after.
Both have fought with addiction, the police, and men since.
Both now have a habit that is close to $200 a day: Heroin to kill the sickness and crack to get a "little something."
Takeesha still believes in love. "I did love Steve. He got an anger problem but I can be a crazy bitch."
Carmela does not. "Love? There is no love out here. People only want what they can get from you."
Both are now together. "We stayed up the first night talking and talking. We both like, "wow this person really understands what I have been through, understands I ain't just trash.' We watch each other's back. Right girl?"
<h3>The War on Drugs</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/8970789927/in/set-72157627894114489/">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
The police, narcotics, and vice all swarmed Hunts Point two weeks ago in a crackdown that netted low-level possession, dealing, and prostitution charges. It also ensnared Takeesha who is now serving a two-month sentence in Rikers.
This is common. Presently ten of my Bronx subjects sit in Rikers or upstate New York prisons on non-violent drug charges.
When I left Hunts Point after Takeesha's arrest I stopped by a bar close to my home in Brooklyn to write and drink a few beers.
I often do this to collect my thoughts. I try to choose bars without a large drug scene, without lines to use the bathrooms, without annoying coked-out customers. That is hard to do since cocaine, pills, and other drugs are a reality of the Brooklyn and Manhattan bar scene.
The drugs are done by white affluent customers.
I have never seen any arrests. I have never seen anyone worried about being arrested.
The stark difference I see between how drugs are treated in the Bronx and brownstone Brooklyn is jarring but not surprising. The statistics show exactly the same thing.
The war on drugs is a war on the poor.
It is as simple as that.
<h3>From one addict to another</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/10725606266/in/set-72157627894114489/">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
She slumped, arms splayed on the table, the pupils of her eyes pinholes. He watched their stuff; six plastic bags overflowing with clothes.
They looked out of sorts in Hunts Point. White with New England accents, wearing second hand clothes, overly tight, or loose sweaters and slacks.
An hour later they were asked to leave, their table needed to be cleaned. They walked into the McDonalds parking lot, hugged, and made out. She grabbed his crotch and smiled. Both laughed.
They walked up the hill, towards the auto stores, counting their money. $9.50.
They passed Sarah and Ramone, both who where resting before the three-mile walk to their methadone clinic.
The woman stopped and looked at Sarah, "You got fifty cents? We need it for the subway." Sarah was putting on makeup, trying to hide the dirt from a night sleeping outdoors.
Sarah smiled, "You new ain't you."
"We from Boston, on an adventure, towards the west. They told us to leave Manhattan, to come here. We didn't know Hunts Point was so bad, so many drugs. We don't do that. We just trying to make it on the cheap."
Sarah rolled up her sleeves, held out her arms, "It's ok, you can tell me. I been doing it all my life."
"Naaaa. That ain't us. We just looking for an adventure."
Sarah handed them a quarter. "It's all I got."
The couple smiled. "My name's Wendy. Maybe we see each other around." They walked away.
Sarah went back to putting on makeup. "Why lie to another addict? Why? She don't think I can see it in her eyes, in her clothes, in her hair? She don't think I saw her passed out on the corner the other day? You can't start getting clean unless you admit it to yourself and others."
<h3>A dollar so I don't die</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/10965305476/in/set-72157627894114489/">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
"I found the hat on the ground. At first I thought it was a dead animal. It's really warm. Really warm."
"I am sure there is a kid who lost it, who wants it back. When I am walking I am waiting for a child to run up to me and say, 'That's mine!' although they probably too scared of me."
"When I stand panhandling I always remember an old addict I knew in Philadelphia. She was cold, tired, and hungry, and nobody was giving her anything. Eventually she just started saying, 'Can I have a dollar so I WON'T DIE! JUST A DOLLAR TO KEEP ME ALIVE.' Some days I feel like that."
<h3>Deja: Hunts Point, Bronx</h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/9157656071/in/set-72157627894114489">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
DéjÀ's mother was a crack addict and prostitute. At five DéjÀ started raising the other five children in the house. All shared a mother and none shared a father.
At nine her mother was taken away and the children split up. DéjÀ ran away from her foster family at twelve and came out as a woman. "I picked up all sorts of habits. I started doing things I don't do, including smoking crack like my momma did."
She has been in Hunts Point only a week, "I relapsed so here I am."
She lives with Michael in an empty lot, working the track at night. "The only way I can prostitute is to drink and to do cocaine. How can you pretend to love and have sex otherwise? Addiction makes you do things you don't want to do."
She sat in the cold spray of the hydrant, cooling off.
"I want the white picket fence, the Tupperware parties, the husband and kids."
"Dream? That's a fairy tale not a dream. Out here you can't have dreams."
<h3>Jennifer: Hunts Point, Bronx </h3>
<div class="KonaFilter image-container"><div class="image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/arnade/8182244988/in/set-72157627894114489">Chris Arnade</a></div></div>
"I'm very intelligent but sometimes I feel disgusting because of what I do. I'm not really too happy with life, but I'm happy to be alive." -- Jennifer
Jennifer, 21, grew up with various foster parents. Her biological mother and father were addicts. She remembers the smell of drugs from being a child.
The sexual abuse started at 7 and continued until she fled her foster home. "My virginity was taken by my step brother. He raped me when I was 12. Raped me repeatedly."
She now sells her body in Hunts Point for drugs, mostly heroin. She started crying as she told me her story.
"Because of the sexual abuse, sometimes I don't like having sex because it does bother me mentally. But if it's fast, quick money...like I said, I'm homeless. I have nothing. I grew up in a fucked up situation. Because of my father and brother, I'm screwed up in the brain right now. I'm not scared to say what I am and what I do. I see so many prostitutes who deny it. Don't be ashamed of who you are."

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