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<ul class="summary-list"><li>The <keyword id="6358356" type="LOCATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="uae">UAE</keyword> revealed its first female <keyword id="34120" type="POSITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="astronaut">astronaut</keyword>, who will join the country's <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">space</keyword> program.</li><li>Sheikh Mohammed posted on Twitter on Saturday to announce Nora al-Matroushi's appointment. </li><li>At the same time, Mohammed al-Mulla was named as her male counterpart.</li></ul><p>The United Arab Emirates on Saturday announced its first female astronaut. </p><p>Dubai ruler, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, <a href="https://twitter.com/HHShkMohd/status/1380821550304223234">revealed the news on Twitter</a>. </p><p>Nora al-Matroushi, 27, was selected alongside Mohammed al-Mulla. The two were chosen from more than 4,000 applicants in the UAE who applied for the program, Sheikh Mohammed said in a tweet.</p><p>"We congratulate the country. We count on them to raise the name of the UAE in the sky," Sheikh Mohammed added.</p><p>The pair will work alongside Hazza Al Mansouri, the first Emirati astronaut to fly into space, and Sultan Al Neyadi, UAE's reserve astronaut. </p><p>Al-Matroushi also <a href="https://twitter.com/Astronaut_Nora/status/1380892356782784514">took to Twitter. </a>She wrote: "The nation gave me unforgettable moments today. I aim to work hard to script historical moments and achievements that will be etched forever in the memory of our people."</p><p>The astronaut holds a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the United Arab Emirates University, Mohammed bin Rashin Space Centre <a href="https://twitter.com/MBRSpaceCentre/status/1380820144675508224?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Etweet">shared in a video on Twitter.</a></p><p>She works as an engineer at the National Petroleum Construction Company.</p><p>Her love for space began at a young age, "as she enjoyed going to stargazing event," <a href="https://twitter.com/MBRSpaceCentre/status/1380820144675508224?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Etweet">the video added.</a> The motto she upholds to live life by is: "Do what makes you happy."</p><p>Al-Mulla is a commercial pilot. He works as an aeronaut for Dubai police where he is also the commander of their training division. </p><p>The announcement marks the progress being made by several space agencies to advance gender equality in the space industry, which has dominated by men since the 1960s, <a href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/science/uae-announces-the-arab-world-s-first-woman-astronaut-1.1200600">The National reported.</a></p><p>The pair will commence training at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Assuming she takes part in a mission, she could become the first Arab woman in space, according to the UAE government.</p>

The UAE has announced Nora al-Matroushi as its first female astronaut

<br /><br /><ul><li>The first astronaut from the UAE, Hazza Ali Almansoori shared an aerial view of Islam’s holiest site, Mecca, from the International Space Station (ISS).<br /></li><li>The Masjid Al Haram (Grand Mosque) can be seen in the center of the photograph.<br /></li><li>He only one of two astronauts selected for the <keyword id="8179736" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="uae-space-program">UAE Space Program</keyword>.<br /></li></ul>The first astronaut from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Hazza Ali Almansoori to visit space, just sent back a breathtaking aerial view of Mecca — Islam’s holiest site.<br /><br />Taken from the International Space Space (ISS), the <em>Masjid Al Haram </em>(Grand Mosque) can be seen centered in the image with the caption, “As the place that lives in the hearts of Muslims and they turn to for prayers.”<br /><br /><div type="javascript" title="Instagram" contenttype=""><cdata><![CDATA[


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<br />The night before, Almansoori shared an image of the UAE as it was lit up during the night.<br /><br /><div type="twitter" handle="MBRSpaceCentre" handlename="MBR Space Centre" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1018494607766716416/wvEl_f2J_normal.jpg" favoritecount="110" retweetcount="59" status="Night view of the #UAE taken by @astro_hazzaa from the @Space_Station https://t.co/B3jRNyOCDg" createdat="1570028102000" id="1179409459199856647"></div>

<br /><br />Almansoori took off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on 25 September 2019 along with rookie US astronaut Jessica Meir and Russian commander Oleg Skripochka. He’s only one of two people who were selected for the UAE space programme in 2018.<br /><br />Like numerous international astronauts, Almansoori comes from a military background, who flew F-16s.<br /><br />The astronaut is set to return to Earth on Thursday after he completes the eight-day mission.<br /><br /><br /><br />

UAE’s first astronaut in space shares a breathtaking picture of Mecca from the ISS

<ul><li>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced its latest batch of 13 graduates, including the first Iranian American astronaut.<br /></li><li>Jasmin 'Jaws' Moghbeli told AFP that space 'unites' us all. <br /></li><li>Despite the recent escalation in tensions between US-Iran, the atmosphere within NASA 'hasn't changed'.<br /></li></ul> Amid the growing tensions between Iran and the US, American space programme's first Iranian-American astronaut — Jasmin 'Jaws' Moghbeli — believes that human space exploration is something that can 'unite' us all. <br /><br />The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-newest-astronauts-ready-for-space-station-moon-and-mars-missions/">NASA</a>) 22nd class of astronauts — nicknamed the 'turtles' — graduated from basic training Friday. They are now eligible for spaceflight assignments. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="jasmin3_edited" msid="73222698" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NASA&amp;#39;s 22nd graduating class of astronauts&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />"One of the reasons I love working in human space exploration is, it's something we generally all agree on and unite on," Moghbeli told <a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-01-space-iranian-american-astronaut-stars.html">AFP</a>.<br /><br />She cited the success of US-Russian cooperation on the <keyword id="6382020" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-space-station">International Space Station</keyword> (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/uaes-first-astronaut-in-space-shares-a-breathtaking-picture-of-mecca-from-the-iss/articleshow/71435681.cms">ISS</a>) despite the otherwise tense relations between the countries. <br /><br />"I think it is an area where we see diplomacy where we don't see it in other areas," she said.<br /><br /><div type="image" title="jasmin5_edited" msid="73222741" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NASA&amp;#39;s 2017 astronaut canditates, including Jasmin Mogheli, stop to take a group photo while getting fitted for flight suits at Ellington Field near NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br /><strong>The <keyword id="7895131" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="first-woman-on-the-moon">first woman on the Moon</keyword><br /></strong><br />According to NASA, the new batch of cadets isn't only destined for the ISS, but also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasa-artemis-mission-to-the-moon-successfully-completes-launch-abort-test/articleshow/70068286.cms">the Moon </a>— and ultimately, Mars. Moghbeli is among the set of candidates who are eligible to be the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasa-is-testing-all-its-new-tech-for-its-manned-mission-to-the-moon/articleshow/70391104.cms">first woman on the Moon in 2024</a>.<br /><br />She's a Marin corps major, MIT graduate and a college basketball player. Mogheli told <a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-01-space-iranian-american-astronaut-stars.html">AFP</a> that she hopes her example can inspire others to follow in her footsteps. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="jasmin6_edited" msid="73222787" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, joined by NASA astronaut candidates Matthew Dominick and Jasmin Moghbeli, view the fully assembled core stage for the agency’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket during Artemis Day &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br /><strong>Being a person of Middle Eastern descent<br /></strong><br />Born to Iranian parents in Germany — who had fled Iran as architecture students after the 1979 Islamic Revolution — Moghbeli grew up in Baldwin, New York. She got her first taste of being an astronaut when she attended space camp at 15. Since then, she's had her eyes on the stars.<br /><br />When Mogheli finally signed up to be an astronaut in 2015 — four years after the September 11 attacks — her parents were worried about what she may have to face as a person of Middle Eastern descent. <br /><br /><div type="image" title="jasmin4_edited" msid="73222804" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Jasmin Moghbeli, as a part of the 2017 NASA astronaut candidates class, visited NASA&amp;#39;s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland on 26 September 2018. &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />To their surprise, no such thing happened. "Once I joined, they gave me absolute support," Mogheli told <a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-01-space-iranian-american-astronaut-stars.html">AFP</a>.<br /><br />Even after the recent escalation of tensions between Iran and the US after an airstrike ordered by US President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/defense/news/the-deadly-drone-that-killed-qasem-soleimani-weighs-as-much-as-an-african-elephant/articleshow/73124252.cms">killed Qasem Soleimani</a>, Mogheli maintains that nothing has changed.<br /><br /><div type="image" title="jasmin2_edited" msid="73222820" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NASA astronaut candidate Jasmin Moghbeli answers a question during a live episode of the Administrator&amp;#39;s monthly chat show, Watch This Space&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

<br />"I haven't in any way felt that changed anything about how I'm treated," she said.<br /><br />Raja Chari, an Indian American, is also a part of NASA's 13 new graduates. The space agency is now 48 astronauts strong with plans to grow even further. It is currently contemplating opening the application process for a new set of candidates in spring. <br /><br /><strong>See also:<br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/uaes-first-astronaut-in-space-shares-a-breathtaking-picture-of-mecca-from-the-iss/articleshow/71435681.cms">UAE's first astronaut in space shares a breathtaking picture of Mecca from the ISS</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-station-plan-by-isro-plans-k-sivan/articleshow/69775780.cms">India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasa-kicks-off-attempt-to-set-spacewalk-record-and-heres-whats-in-store/articleshow/71479360.cms">NASA kicks off attempt to set spacewalk record — and here's what's in store</a><br />

Jasmin 'Jaws' Moghbeli — the first Iranian American astronaut says space 'unites' us all

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-first-interplanetary-helicopter-in-perseverance-mars-rover-belly-2020-7">NASA</a>, <keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword>, and the <keyword id="6354870" type="LOCATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="United-Arab-Emirates">United Arab Emirates</keyword> each have a mission speeding towards <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> — all set to arrive in February.</li><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moxie-robot-nasa-mars-rover-turns-co2-into-oxygen-2020-7">Perseverance rover</a> is equipped to sniff out signs of alien life, while China's <keyword id="9109397" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Tianwen-1">Tianwen-1</keyword> <keyword id="155626" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Rover">rover</keyword> could find underground water.</li><li>The UAE's Hope orbiter aims to make a global map of the Martian climate.</li></ul><p>After six months of careening through space, three sets of robots finally have Mars in their sights.</p><p>The missions - from NASA, China, and the United Arab Emirates -  are set to reach the red planet this month, either falling into orbit around Mars or landing on its dusty red surface. Once there, they aim to search for signs of alien life, scan for underground reservoirs of water, and map the planet's changing seasons.</p><p>The three space agencies' missions all <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/3-misions-launching-to-mars-in-july-from-3-countries-2020-7">launched in July 2020</a>. Their timelines align because they are taking advantage of the same short window of time when Mars passes close to Earth in the planets' orbits around the sun. That significantly reduces the travel time and cost of anything launched toward Mars. </p><p>As a result, Mars is about to welcome two rovers, two orbiters, and one helicopter.</p><p>Here's what each of the robots is designed to do once it reaches the red planet.</p><h2>NASA's Perseverance rover will hunt for alien life and deploy a helicopter</h2><div type="image" title="mars rover sample return mission perseverance" height="950" width="1267" msid="80489115" hostid="261"></div><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-mars-rover-launch-2020-7">NASA built its newest Mars rover</a>, Perseverance, to scan and drill Martian soil for signs of alien life. The nuclear-powered robot is programmed to stash those soil samples away so that a future mission can bring them back to Earth.</p><p>"This is the first time in history when NASA has dedicated a mission to what we call astrobiology: the search for life - either maybe now, or ancient life - on another world," Jim Bridenstine, who served as the NASA Administrator during the Trump administration, said ahead of the rover's launch.</p><p>If all goes well, NASA's spacecraft will plow through the Martian atmosphere on February 18, deploy a parachute to slow its fall, then deposit the rover in Mars' Jezero crater - an ancient riverbed that could harbor signs of past microbial life.</p><div type="image" title="mars perseverance rover landing entry descent nasa" height="1519" width="2700" msid="80489116" hostid="261"></div><p>After a few months of checking and calibrating its scientific instruments, Perseverance is set to release <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-first-interplanetary-helicopter-in-perseverance-mars-rover-belly-2020-7">the first interplanetary drone</a> from its belly: a helicopter called Ingenuity.</p><p>The 4-pound drone is programmed to carry out a series of test flights, first hovering about 10 feet in the air, then building up to more difficult demonstrations. Ultimately, it could cruise over distances of nearly 980 feet (300 meters) across the Jezero Crater. </p><p>Ingenuity is just a technological demonstration, but it could kick off a new approach to exploring other planets.</p><div type="image" title="mars helicopter ingenuity flight nasa gif" height="360" width="640" msid="80489117" hostid="261"></div><p>"In the future, it could transform how we do planetary <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> on these other worlds, and eventually be a scout so that we can figure out where exactly do we need to send our robots," Bridenstine said.</p><p>Perseverance also carries <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moxie-robot-nasa-mars-rover-turns-co2-into-oxygen-2020-7">a device that converts carbon dioxide into oxygen</a>. By testing its abilities on Mars, scientists can learn whether this technology could make oxygen for future Mars astronauts to breathe or turn into rocket fuel.</p><h2>China is sending an orbiter, lander, and rover</h2><div type="image" title="china mars global remote sensing and small rover hx 1 martian mission illustration rendering cas xinhua" height="995" width="1327" msid="80489118" hostid="261"></div><p>If successful, China's Tianwen-1 will be the first Mars mission to send a spacecraft into orbit, drop a landing platform, and deploy a rover all in one expedition.</p><p>It's ambitious for the country's first interplanetary mission. China attempted to send a simple orbiter to Mars in 2011, but the Russian spacecraft that was meant to carry it there stalled in Earth's orbit and never left.</p><p>This time, China launched with its own space vehicle. A NASA camera that watches for asteroids captured the spacecraft speeding away in July.</p><p>Chinese state media reports that the spacecraft is set to fall into Martian orbit on February 10, according to <a href="https://www.space.com/china-tianwen-1-mars-orbit-insertion-february-2021#:~:text=China's%20Tianwen%2D1%20spacecraft%20will%20reach%20Mars%20orbit%20on%20February%2010&amp;text=The%20rover%20won't%20land,15%20million%20miles%20from%20Earth.rth.">Space.com</a>.</p><p>After the orbiter spends a couple months surveying the landing site, it should drop the lander and rover to Utopia Planitia, a vast field of volcanic rock. Then the lander is set to deploy a ramp for the rover to roll off its platform and onto the Martian ground. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) <a href="http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/n6465652/n6465653/c6810856/content.html">says</a> the landing will happen in May. </p><p>The rover is equipped with a radar system that can detect underground pockets of water. It aims to sniff out ancient reservoirs that could harbor life. It will also help China prepare for a mission to return its own sample from Mars to Earth.</p><h2>The UAE's Hope orbiter aims to map a year of Martian seasons</h2><div type="image" title="uae hope orbiter probe mars united arab emirates" height="2001" width="3000" msid="80489120" hostid="261"></div><p>The UAE's orbiter - called "Al-Amal," or "Hope" - is the Arab world's first mission to Mars. It aims to chart a global map of the planet's climate across one Martian year (about two Earth years). It would be humanity's first such picture of Mars' atmosphere.</p><p>The SUV-sized spacecraft is set to arrive at the red planet on <a href="https://twitter.com/HHShkMohd/status/1334509208151216132">February 9</a>, then fall into an oval-shaped orbit that allows it to survey most of the planet every 55 hours in infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light. While it orbits, the satellite will study the Martian atmosphere by monitoring how it interacts with solar wind and tracking the loss of hydrogen and oxygen.</p><p>"We'll be able to cover all of Mars, through all times of day, through an entire Martian year," Sarah Al Amiri, the mission's science lead, told <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01861-0">Nature</a> before the orbiter launched.</p><p>This data could help scientists better understand Mars' changing seasons and how it lost the thick atmosphere of its youth 4 billion years ago.</p><p><em>This post has been updated. It was originally published at 2:45 p.m. EST on January 27, 2021.</em></p>

3 spacecraft are set to reach Mars this month, from NASA, China, and the UAE. Here's what they aim to learn.

<keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> is targeting late September for the launch of the first operational commercial crew flight of a SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft on a Falcon 9 rocket to the <keyword id="6382020" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-space-station">International Space Station</keyword>.<br /><br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="77064837" title="The Hope Probe is on its way to Mars — everything you need to know about the UAE’s first jump into interplanetary space" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div><br />Crew Dragon commander Michael Hopkins, pilot Victor Glover, and mission specialist Shannon Walker -- all of NASA -- along with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) mission specialist Soichi Noguchi will launch on the SpaceX Crew-1 mission, the US space agency said on Wednesday.<br /><br />The Crew-1 mission will be launched from Launch Complex 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.<br /><br />SpaceX in late May created history when it sent two NASA astronauts to the space station in a test flight of the Crew Dragon spacecraft, called the Demo-2.<br /><br />That spacecraft that carried two NASA astronauts Robert Behnken and Douglas Hurley to the <keyword id="6416825" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISS">ISS</keyword> is set to depart the orbiting laboratory on August 1 and reach Earth on August 2, marking the end of the first crewed mission test for the Elon Musk-led company.<br /><br />The launch of the SpaceX Crew-1 mission will follow a successful return of the two astronauts from the space station and evaluation of SpaceX Demo-2 test flight.<br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/china-launches-first-mars-mission/articleshow/77122576.cms">China launches first Mars mission</a><br /><br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/uae-mars-mission-hope-probe-on-its-way-to-red-planet-here-is-everything-you-need-to-know/articleshow/77064837.cms"><strong>The Hope Probe is on its way to Mars — everything you need to know about the UAE’s first jump into interplanetary space</strong></a><br />

NASA and Elon Musk's SpaceX plan to send up four more astronauts to the ISS in September

Space 2021: All the Mars landings, eclipses, astronaut flights, rocket launches, and other big missions to look for this year

For God, for country, for rain

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword>'s <keyword id="9109397" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Tianwen-1">Tianwen-1</keyword> spacecraft successfully <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/united-arab-emirates-hope-probe-reaches-mars-orbit-2021-2">maneuvered into orbit around Mars</a> on Wednesday.</li><li>It's the first mission to attempt to deliver an orbiter, a lander, and a <keyword id="155626" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Rover">rover</keyword> all together.</li><li>The Tianwen-1 rover will <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-nasa-perseverance-rover-will-land-on-mars-2021-2">attempt to land</a> in a water-rich region of <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> in May, after which it will scan for underground reservoirs.</li></ul><p>China's first inter<keyword id="46100" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="planet">planet</keyword>ary spacecraft has entered orbit around Mars, a major milestone for the country's space program. That sets the mission up for its next step: landing a rover on the red planet in May.</p><p>Tianwen-1, as the mission is called, means "questions to heaven." It aims to be the first <keyword id="164562" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars-mission">Mars mission</keyword> to send a spacecraft into orbit, drop a landing platform onto the Martian surface, and deploy a rover all in one expedition. On Wednesday, the five-ton probe carrying all the components fired its thrusters for about 15 minutes, slowing its approach as it sped toward Mars and allowing the planet's gravity to pull it into orbit, according to Chinese <a href="https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202102/10/WS6023d925a31024ad0baa8a92.html">state</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/CGTNOfficial/status/1359486876495663109">media</a>.</p><p>The entire operation was autonomous - the communications delay at such a distance is too long for mission controllers to give the spacecraft instructions in real time. Had this crucial step failed, the spacecraft could have crashed into Mars or careened past the planet into deep space.</p><p>If Tianwen-1 successfully sets its lander down on Martian terrain, that will mark the first non-NASA Mars landing since the Soviet Union's rover touched down in 1971. The mission is also intended to help China prepare for a future attempt to return Martian rocks or dirt to Earth in the late 2020s.</p><div type="image" title="china mars tianwen-1 mission photo arrival orbit" height="3000" width="3000" msid="80790973" hostid="261"></div><p>China's last attempt to launch its first interplanetary mission involved a simple Mars orbiter. But the Russian spacecraft meant to carry it through space stalled in Earth's orbit in 2011 and never left.</p><p>This time, China launched its own vehicle, aboard a Long March 5 rocket. It lifted off from the Wenchang Space Launch Center on July 23. That was one of a trio of Mars launches that occurred around the same time to take advantage of a window in which Earth and Mars pass close together, making the voyage shorter and cheaper. Seven months later, the Tianwen-1 spacecraft has completed its 300-million-mile journey.</p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/united-arab-emirates-hope-probe-reaches-mars-orbit-2021-2">The United Arab Emirates' Hope probe</a> beat Tianwen-1 to Mars - it fell into orbit around the red planet on Tuesday. That made the UAE the fifth nation ever to reach Mars, and China the sixth. The third Mars mission of the month, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-nasa-perseverance-rover-will-land-on-mars-2021-2">NASA's Perseverance rover</a>, is set to land there on February 18.</p><p>As Tianwen-1 circles the planet over the next three months, it will scope out its own landing site in Utopia Planitia - a vast field of ancient volcanic rock that could conceal liquid water deep below the surface. NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/8183/location-of-large-subsurface-water-ice-deposit-in-utopia-planitia-mars/">detected</a> an underground deposit of ice there that may hold as much water as Lake Superior.</p><p>Such underground reservoirs could be the remnants of an era billions of years ago, in which rivers flowed on Mars, supported by a much thicker and more protective atmosphere than the one that exists today. During that time, Mars somewhat resembled Earth, and scientists think it may have hosted alien microbial life. Any underground pockets of water are likely to be shielded from the sun's unfiltered radiation and the vacuum of space, so might still harbor such species - if they exist.</p><p>Knowing where to find water ice is also crucial for any future astronauts headed to Mars. Such interplanetary human missions will need water both to drink and to break down into oxygen and hydrogen - for breathing and rocket propellant. </p><p>The Tianwen-1 rover is poised to become the first robot on Mars' surface to seek out these water pockets, and the first to explore Utopia Planitia. But first it has to land safely.</p><h2>7 minutes of terror and 2 years in orbit</h2><p>Half of all the spacecraft humanity has tried to land on Mars never made it. Tianwen-1 will take on those odds in May, when the orbiter is supposed to <a href="http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/n6465652/n6465653/c6810856/content.html">drop the mission's lander-rover combo</a> down to the planet's surface. It will be a major test of China's aerospace engineering.</p><div type="image" title="china mars global remote sensing and small rover hx 1 martian mission illustration rendering cas xinhua" height="995" width="1327" msid="80790974" hostid="261"></div><p>Officials and engineers often call <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-nasa-perseverance-rover-will-land-on-mars-2021-2">the entry, descent, and landing phase</a> of a Mars mission "seven minutes of terror." That's because the feat requires a capsule that can protect a lander or rover (or both in China's case) as it plummets through the Martian atmosphere at temperatures exceeding 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit. A supersonic parachute is needed to slow the fall, along with a set of thrusters to navigate along the way.</p><p>If that descent goes smoothly, the Tianwen-1 mission's lander will deploy a two-track ramp on which the rover will roll down onto Martian soil. The rover is set to explore the area for 90 Martian days, according to a <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1148-6?utm_medium=affiliate&amp;utm_source=commission_junction&amp;utm_campaign=3_nsn6445_deeplink_PID100052171&amp;utm_content=deeplink#author-information-information">journal article</a> by scientists on the Tianwen-1 team.</p><p>Meanwhile, the orbiter will continue circling the red planet for one Martian year (two Earths years), relaying data to Earth and taking photos. Its main goal, according to the scientists, is to "perform a global and extensive survey of the entire planet."</p><p>This will involve charting Mars' geology, surveying its climate, and measuring its electromagnetic and gravitational fields.</p>

China's ambitious Tianwen-1 Mars mission - involving an orbiter, lander, and rover - just reached the red planet

<p><strong><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Reuters/Fred Dufour</span></p><p class="caption">Chinese Paramilitary guards stand on the stairs after Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and UAE's deputy commander-in-chief of the armed forces, leaves the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on December 14, 2015.</p></div><p></p></div></div></strong></p><p><strong>Good morning! Here's what you need to know on Wednesday.</strong></p><p><strong>1. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/more-analysts-say-iphone-sales-will-decline-this-year-2015-12" target="_blank">People are seriously discussing whether iPhone sales have gone into decline for the first time ever.</a> In recent days multiple analysts have raised concerns of sales dropping in the coming quarters.</strong></p><p><strong>2. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/los-angeles-schools-closed-due-to-terror-threat-2015-12" target="_blank">Every school in the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) was closed on Tuesday because of what officials described as a "credible" threat of violence against the district.</a></strong></p><p><strong>3. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-booed-debate-isis-2015-12" target="_blank">Donald Trump responded to audience members who booed a comment about his strategy to deal with the Islamic State group during Wednesday night's Republican presidential debate.</a></strong></p><p><strong>4. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/r-islamic-state-eyeing-oil-targets-beyond-syria-stronghold-us-official-2015-12" target="_blank">Islamic State is looking at potentially vulnerable oil assets in Libya and elsewhere outside its Syria stronghold, where the militant group controls about roughly 80 percent of the oil and gas fields, a senior US official said on Tuesday.</a></strong></p><p><strong>5. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/facebook-coo-sheryl-sandberg-on-how-she-plans-her-day-2015-12" target="_blank">Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg has revealed the two quotes that influence how she spends her time.</a></strong></p><p><strong>6. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/watch-live-british-astronaut-tim-peak-is-about-to-dock-at-the-iss-2015-12" target="_blank">British astronaut Tim Peake has boarded the International Space Station, where he will spend the next six months, after blasting off from Earth on Tuesday morning.</a></strong></p><p><strong>7. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/plane-lands-off-the-runway-in-nashville-2015-12" target="_blank">Eight people were injured after a Southwest Airlines jet skidded off the runway at Nashville International Airport in Tennessee.</a></strong></p><p><strong>8. <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/deutsche-banks-sector-allocation-for-2016-2015-12" target="_blank">Deutsche Bank has set out its European investment strategy for 2016 in a note sent out to clients.</a></strong></p><p><strong>9. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/r-starbucks-uk-profit-rises-taxes-decrease-2015-12" target="_blank">The UK division of Starbucks UK has reported higher profits for the year ending September 27, even as its tax payment to Britain decreased by as much as 28 percent.</a></strong></p><p><strong>10. <strong><a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/wen-hair-loss-accusations-2015-12" target="_blank">Hundreds of women are suing a celebrity-endorsed shampoo brand for allegedly causing bald spots and rashes.</a></strong></strong></p><p><strong>And finally ...<a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/house-of-cards-frank-underwood-ad-netflix-season-four-republican-presidential-debate-2015-12" target="_blank">'House of Cards' debuted a new ad during the CNN Republican presidential debate on Tuesday night.</a></strong></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/map-major-us-oil-gas-energy-pipelines-2015-12">Animated map shows all the major oil and gas pipelines in the US </a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="NnaWRleTrxSh1MYgEFvTy9yUpzJwBOMZ" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

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