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The <keyword id="6356311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organisation" source="Orion">World Health Organisation</keyword> has called for increased access to quality diabetes education for healthcare workers and people living with diabetes as part of efforts to achieve access for all to quality, affordable diabetes care, on the occasion of World Diabetes Day. According to Dr Poonam <keyword id="811088" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="khetrapal" source="Orion">Khetrapal</keyword> Singh, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia, around 422 million people have diabetes, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes every year around the world. "In the WHO South-East Asia Region, more than 96 million people are estimated to have diabetes, and another 96 million to be pre-diabetic, causing at least 600 000 deaths annually. By 2045, unless urgent action is taken, the prevalence of diabetes in the Region is expected to increase by 68 per cent," Dr Poonam Khetrapal said. She highlighted the seriousness of Diabetes and said that if detected late, or improperly managed, can lead to serious and life-threatening damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. She also laid down the methods to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. "The risk of type 2 diabetes can be reduced through regular and adequate physical activity, healthy eating, and avoiding tobacco and the harmful use of alcohol. If developed, type 2 diabetes can be managed through medication, control of blood pressure and lipids, and adherence to a healthy lifestyle. Type 1 diabetes, which affects more than 250 000 children and adolescents in the Region, cannot currently be prevented but can be managed. For people living with both types of diabetes, access to affordable treatment - including insulin - is critical to their survival," <keyword id="15514594" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="dr-khetrapal" source="Orion">Dr Khetrapal</keyword> said. According to Dr Khetrapal, the region continues to take targeted action to address diabetes, in line with its Flagship Priorities on preventing and controlling noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and achieving universal health coverage (<keyword id="57852" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="uhc" source="Orion">UHC</keyword>), as well as its recently adopted Implementation <keyword id="53329" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="roadmap" source="Orion">Roadmap</keyword> on NCD prevention and control 2022-2030. "Almost all countries now have in place standardized treatment guidelines for diabetes and must provide at least one hypoglycemic drug at the primary health care (PHC) level. Across the Region, the WHO HEARTS-D technical package is supporting PHC personnel to diagnose, treat and manage diabetes, accelerating Region-wide efforts to reorient health systems - including NCD care - to the PHC level," she said. According to Dr Khetrapal, in 2021, amid the COVID-19 response, WHO supported the delivery of insulin donations to Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Timor-Leste, alongside 45 other low- and middle-income countries globally. "The Region is currently on track to achieve a 30 per cent relative reduction in tobacco use prevalence between 2010 and 2025, and last year launched a Regional Roadmap on implementing the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030. The Roadmap will help Member States achieve a 15 per cent relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity by 2030, which will, in turn, help them to reduce expected increases in new diabetes cases," she said. Dr Khetrapal said that it is calling for action in several key areas including the setting up of time-bound targets to address gaps in service coverage. "First, policymakers should set time-bound targets to address gaps in service coverage, with a focus on equity and leaving no one behind. Second, high-impact, cost-effective and context-appropriate interventions must continue to be identified and implemented. For this, the Global Diabetes Compact, launched in April 2021, calls for targeted efforts to enhance community empowerment and increase private sector engagement," Dr Khetrapal said. "Third, policymakers should continue to strengthen PHC service delivery, ensuring that diabetes screening and care are available, accessible, acceptable, and of adequate quality, without discrimination, accelerating momentum from the 2016 Colombo Declaration," Dr Khetrapal said. The official added that the countries must continue to promote access to essential medicines and priority devices, including insulin, in national benefit packages - a key focus of the Region's Flagship Priority on UHC. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/menopause-hormone-replacement-therapy-linked-to-depression-heres-what-evidence-says/articleshow/95499502.cms">Menopause: Hormone Replacement Therapy linked to depression - here's what evidence says</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/news/this-bio-engineered-houseplant-claims-to-clean-the-air-as-efficiently-as-30-air-purifiers/articleshow/95507043.cms">This bio-engineered houseplant claims to clean the air as efficiently as 30 air purifiers</a>

Diabetes claims 1.5 million lives every year, globally: WHO

The <keyword id="43588" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organization" source="Orion">World Health Organization</keyword> and its member states in the South-East Asia Region and across the world marked the second Cervical Cancer Elimination Day of Action on Thursday. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths in 2020, of which the <keyword id="2078757" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="south-east-region" source="Orion">South East Region</keyword> accounted for 32 per cent and 34 per cent, respectively, said Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia. "Vaccination of girls against human papillomavirus (<keyword id="102327" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="hpv" source="Orion">HPV</keyword>), screening and treatment of pre-cancer lesions, and improved access to diagnosis and treatment of invasive cancers are critical, cost-effective measures that policymakers should urgently apply to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem," WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia said on the occasion. Dr Singh said that the countries of the region continue to make steady and sustained progress against cervical cancer, in line with the Region's Flagship Priority on preventing and controlling non-communicable diseases, as well as the 2021 Regional Implementation Framework on eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem. "Five Member States - Bhutan, Maldives, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand - have introduced nation-wide HPV vaccination, which Bangladesh, India and Timor-Leste will soon also introduce. HPV vaccination has been introduced in several provinces of Indonesia, protecting tens of millions of girls," Dr Singh said. The gaps and challenges nevertheless persist, which if unaddressed, will prevent the Region from achieving the global 90-70-90 targets: that is, by 2030, ensure that 90 per cent of girls are fully vaccinated with HPV vaccine; that 70 per cent of women are screened using a high-performance test by 35 years of age, and again by 45 years of age; that 90 per cent of women identified with cervical disease or pre-cancer are treated; and that 90 per cent of women with invasive cancer are effectively managed, said <keyword id="2283768" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="south-east" source="Orion">South East</keyword> Director. Dr Singh said that the WHO has called for action in several key areas to achieve the elimination target of four or fewer cases per 100,000 women. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/health-ministry-rejects-claim-covaxin-was-rushed-due-to-political-pressure/articleshow/95576897.cms">Health Ministry rejects claim 'Covaxin was rushed due to political pressure'</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/100-startups-registered-with-isro-to-work-in-space-tech-domains-chairman/articleshow/95578146.cms">100 startups registered with ISRO to work in space tech domains: Chairman</a>

Cervical cancer 4th most common among women, policymakers should urgently move to eliminate: WHO

Sanjay Kanojia/AFP via Getty ImagesA cyclist wearing a face mask rides past a mural depicting Hindu god Hanuman in Allahabad, India, on March 18, 2020.<ul class="summary-list"><li>India is home to more than 1.3 billion people, but so far has only reported 176 coronavirus cases and three deaths.</li><li>Experts fear that testing rates, that are being kept low to prevent panic and to keep healthcare costs down, may be camouflaging the real scope of the outbreak.</li><li>India faces several hurdles in its fight against COVID-19, including high population density, lack of hygiene, and insufficient healthcare funding.</li><li>Officials have already begun cracking down: travel restrictions, schools, restaurants, and public space closures, exam cancellations, and remote work mandates are in effect.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>India, the world's second-most populous country, has remained largely unscathed as the coronavirus continues its relentless march across the globe. Home to more than 1.3 billion people, <a href="https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6">India has reported 176 cases and three deaths</a> as of Wednesday. By contrast, China, whose population is 1.4 billion people, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-virus-everything-we-know-deadly-2019-ncov-wuhan-spread-2020-1">reported at least 81,000 cases and more than 3,200 deaths</a>. Even Italy, the worst-hit nation outside Asia, with a population of around 60 million people, has surpassed 35,700 cases and 2,900 deaths.But India's caseload may not be accurate. The country is conducting only about 90 tests per day, the <a href="https://newsroom.ap.org/detail/Indiasrestrictivecriteriaforvirustestingmaymasktoll/58b05ada591d1028cc775d45b55c3eac/text?Query=india%20AND%20coronavirus&amp;mediaType=text&amp;sortBy=arrivaldatetime:desc&amp;dateRange=Anytime&amp;totalCount=50&amp;currentItemNo=2">Associated Press</a> reported, and only 11,500 Indians have been screened for the COVID-19 virus so far. This, despite the country having the capacity to test up to 8,000 people a day.The World Health Organization is urging governments to step up testing as the coronavirus outbreak grows."We need to be geared to respond to the evolving situation with the aim to stop transmission of COVID-19 at the earliest to minimize the impact," Dr. Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO's director for the region that includes India, told AP. "We need to act now."<h2>Testing numbers kept low to avoid 'paranoia'</h2>However, India is only screening people who have either traveled there from a country that's been badly affected or those who have come in contact with a patient or are presenting symptoms themselves, AP said. As of Tuesday, officials have expanded the criteria to include medical workers who are treating COVID-19 patients and have symptoms too.Balaram Bharghava, who heads the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), said the WHO guidance was "premature" for India because the coronavirus' rate of spread is not as rapid as it has been in other countries and community transmission hasn't been detected yet."Therefore it creates more fear, more paranoia, and more hype," Bhargava said, according to AP.Narinder Nanu/AFP via Getty ImagesA health worker (L) wearing a facemask checks the body temperature of devotees at the entrance of the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India, on March 18, 2020.Officials say they are also trying to avoid overloading hospitals and keeping costs down. India's health-care expenditure amounts to only 3.7% of its GDP, <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-cases-in-india-will-be-10-times-higher-by-april-15-expert-2196779">NDTV</a> reported, leading to public hospitals that are overcrowded, private healthcare that many can't afford, and a lack of funding to combat illnesses like tuberculosis, malnutrition, and HIV/AIDs. In the case of COVID-19, patients aren't charged for tests, but each one costs the government about 5,000 rupees ($67).Many people who may have come in contact with the virus are being sent home without being tested, though, AP reported.This happened to a British citizen who was turned away from a public hospital even though she had a cough, shortness of breath, and a private doctor's referral - and informed officials that she may have been exposed to a coronavirus patient due to her work in the hospitality industry. She tried to get tested another time, but was rejected again, forcing her to leave India for France, where her family is based, AP said. <h2>High population density creates social distancing challenges</h2>Such accounts have sparked concerns about the government statistics being far lower than the real count."Given the pattern of disease in other places, and given our low level of testing, then I do think that community transmission is happening, " Dr. Gagandeep Kang, director of the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, told AP.India's bloated population density decreases the chance of social distancing, which experts say is the only way to "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-one-week-enforce-social-distancing-flatten-curve-coronavirus-2020-3">flatten the curve</a>" of the coronavirus' infection rate.Satyabrata Tripathy/Hindustan Times via Getty ImagesSome people wear face masks and others use handkerchiefs to protect from the coronavirus on a crowded train at Andheri Metro Station on March 17, 2020 in Mumbai, India.But India's big cities are overcrowded with residents, many of whom are stuffed into slums, low-income dwellings, single- and multiple-family homes, and skyscrapers. NDTV estimated that around 420 people live on just 0.4 square miles of land in many of the country's largest cities."Social distancing is something often talked about but only works well for the urban middle class," said Dr. K. Srinath Reddy, adjunct professor of epidemiology at the T.H. Chan School of Public Health at Harvard University.He continued: "It doesn't work well for the urban poor or the rural population where its extremely difficult both in terms of compactly packed houses, but also because many of them have to go to work in areas which are not necessarily suitable for social distancing."Shreyanka Rao, of New Delhi, echoed the sentiment."While it's easy to say maintain social distancing, it's still something that can only be practiced by privileged people who have the time, space and wherewithal to do so," she told Insider. "While the [South] Korean and Singaporean approach is laudable, their systems, resources and volumes are in a different league."<h2>Lack of hygiene complicates bid to fight coronavirus </h2>India's fight against coronavirus is also plagued by a lack of clean water. Experts have said that using hand sanitizer and washing hands for at least 20 seconds is helpful in warding off the infection. But Dharam Singh Rajput, like many residents, can <a href="https://newsroom.ap.org/detail/CleanwateraccessforIndiaspoorspawnsvirusconcerns/680dd4c0c13ed020b5ad31848cfc31bf/text?Query=india%20AND%20coronavirus&amp;mediaType=text&amp;sortBy=arrivaldatetime:desc&amp;dateRange=Anytime&amp;totalCount=50&amp;currentItemNo=1">neither afford to purchase bottles of hand sanitizer nor access clean running water</a>, the AP said. Rajput lives in India's capital city of New Delhi, but open sewers and piles of garbage can be found across his neighborhood."The kind of water we have access to has the potential to cause more diseases instead of warding off the virus if we use it to wash our hands," Rajput told AP.Manjunath Kiran/AFP via Getty ImagesA worker fumigates the interiors of a Karnataka Interstate Transport bus to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus in Bangalore, India, on March 19, 2020.An apparent lack of hygiene has also been reported at hospitals nationwide. There have been reports that some <a href="https://qz.com/india/1819659/why-are-patients-fleeing-indias-coronavirus-isolation-wards/">coronavirus cases are fleeing hospitals</a> because of substandard hygiene. In the state of Maharashtra, five people were tested for coronavirus. One of them tested negative, but the entire group left the isolation ward where they were being kept before the others' results came in because it was too dirty, AP reported.Aditya Bhatnagar, who has been quarantined with 50 other people following a flight from Spain, said more than half a dozen people are packed into each room while quarantined, and noted that the quarantine spaces don't have clean bedsheets or sanitary restrooms. No one's been given masks or hand sanitizer, either."I don't think these measures would be enough to contain the pandemic," Bhatnagar told AP, explaining that some people had decided to tell shell out 4,000 rupees a night ($55) and await their COVID-19 test results at a private hospital instead.<h2>'An avalanche' is coming</h2>Government officials are particularly worried about the situation in Maharashtra, which is home not only to India's financial hub, Mumbai, but also the highest number of cases: 39 as of Monday. Across the nation, India has begun closing down schools, theaters, malls, and other public spaces, university exams have been called off, and government and private offices have been urged to switch to remote work schedules, NDTV reported. Ganga Pandit, who lives in Pune, told Insider that only five people at a time are being allowed into major grocery stores, where he noticed that people are panic buying medicines, antiseptic creams, soap, and face masks. Pradeep Gaur/Mint via Getty ImagesPeople rush to buy masks, hand sanitizers and medicines at a pharmacy shop in New Delhi, India.Since a majority of the country's cases have been "imported" from foreign countries - whether by people traveling there or coming in contact with those who did - India has also enforced strict travel restrictions, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/india-poor-testing-rate-masked-coronavirus-cases-200318040314568.html">Al Jazeera</a> reported.Tourists and non-Indian residents from China, Iran, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the European Union are prohibited from entering the country. People who travel from or transition through the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, and Kuwait will be quarantined for 14 days upon landing in India, and its borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar have been mostly closed. But people, like Sudhanshu Pandey, tweeted his concerns that India is on the fast track to a "<a href="https://twitter.com/SUD_0107/status/1240635871923245057">worst-case scenario</a>," and called on authorities to lock down big cities, including New Delhi, Mumbai, and Pune.Experts agree."They are not understanding that this is an avalanche," Dr. T. Jacob John, the former head of ICMR's Centre for Advanced Research in Virology, told NDTV. "As every week passes, the avalanche is growing bigger and bigger."Read more:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-death-rate-by-country-current-fatalities-compared-to-cases-2020-3">One chart shows different countries' current coronavirus death rates, based on the known number of cases and deaths</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-no-new-local-coronavirus-cases-first-time-during-outbreak-2020-3">China reported no new local coronavirus cases for the first time during the outbreak</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-one-week-enforce-social-distancing-flatten-curve-coronavirus-2020-3">The US has one week to enforce social distancing and 'flatten the curve' as the coronavirus outbreak escalates. Here's why these days are so critical.</a><ul><li> </li></ul> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-anxiety-therapy-advice-self-care-2020-3">Why you shouldn't judge yourself for having coronavirus anxiety, according to a therapist</a></h3>

The WHO is urging countries to step up COVID-19 testing, but Indian authorities believe doing so will spark 'more fear, more paranoia, and more hype'

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Diabetes claims 1.5 million lives every year, globally: WHO

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Cervical cancer 4th most common among women, policymakers should urgently move to eliminate: WHO

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The WHO is urging countries to step up COVID-19 testing, but Indian authorities believe doing so will spark 'more fear, more paranoia, and more hype'

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