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Researchers have developed eco-friendly paper straws that are 100 per cent <keyword id="763264" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="biodegradable" source="Orion">biodegradable</keyword>, perform better than conventional paper straws, and can be easily mass-produced. The paper straws that are currently available are not entirely made of paper. Straws made with 100 per cent paper become too soggy when they come in contact with liquids and cannot function as straws. Accordingly, their surfaces have to be coated. The researchers from the <keyword id="14630643" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="korea-research-institute-of-chemical-technology" source="Orion">Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology</keyword> synthesised a well-known biodegradable plastic, polybutylene succinate (<keyword id="350257" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="pbs" source="Orion">PBS</keyword>), by adding a small number of cellulose nanocrystals to create a coating material. The added cellulose nanocrystals are the same material as the main component of paper, and this allows the biodegradable plastic to firmly attach to the paper surface during the coating process. The new paper straws do not become soggy easily or cause bubble formation in carbonated drinks because the coating material uniformly and strongly covers the surface of the straws, the researchers said. Also, the coating material is made of paper and biodegradable plastic and therefore will decompose and degrade completely, they said. "Turning a plastic straw we often use into a paper straw will not immediately impact our environment, but the difference will be profound over time," said lead researcher Oh <keyword id="16366347" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="dongyeop" source="Orion">Dongyeop</keyword>. "If we gradually change from using convenient disposable plastic products to various eco-friendly products, our future environment will be much safer than what we now worry about," Dongyeop said. The research, published in the journal <keyword id="3163966" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="advanced-science" source="Orion">Advanced Science</keyword>, found that these eco-friendly paper straws maintain their physical integrity in both cold drinks and hot drinks. The team also found that the straws did not become soggy when used to stir various beverages such as water, tea, carbonated drinks, milk, and other drinks containing lipids, or upon prolonged contact with liquids. The researchers compared the degree of sogginess of the new paper straws and conventional paper straws. The conventional paper straw was severely bent when a weight of approximately 25 grammes was suspended after the straw was dipped in cold water at 5 degrees Celsius for one minute, they said. In contrast, the new paper straw did not bend as much even when the weight was more than 50 grammes under the same conditions. The new straws decompose well, even in the ocean. In general, paper or plastic decomposes much more slowly in the ocean than in soil because of the ocean's low temperature and high salinity, which impede growth of microbes. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/lok-sabha-adjourned-till-2-pm-amidst-opposition-protests-over-adani-issue/articleshow/97640511.cms">Lok Sabha adjourned till 2 pm amidst opposition protests over Adani issue</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sustainability/news/world-producing-record-amount-of-single-use-plastic-waste-than-ever-minderoo-foundation-report/articleshow/97643240.cms">World producing record amount of single-use plastic waste than ever: Minderoo Foundation report</a>

Scientists from Korea develop completely biodegradable paper straws

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Reuters/Carlos BarriaU.S. President Donald Trump delivers remarks on North Korea accompanied by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe at Mar-a-Lago club in Palm Beach, Florida U.S., February 11, 2017.</div></div></div>President Donald Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delivered an abrupt joint statement Saturday night, addressing reports that North Korea test fired a ballistic missile into its eastern sea."I just want everybody to understand and fully know that the United States of America stands behind Japan, its great ally, 100%," Trump said.In his remarks, Abe called the launch "absolutely intolerable."Trump and Abe made their remarks from Mar-a-Lago, Trump's estate in Palm Beach, Florida, and did not take questions from reporters.The launch was North Korea's first such test of the year and an implicit challenge to Trump's new administration. But details of the launch, including the type of missile, were scant.There was no immediate confirmation from the North, which had recently warned it is ready to test its first intercontinental ballistic missile. The reports come as Trump was hosting Abe and just days before the North is to mark the birthday of leader Kim Jong Un's late father, Kim Jong Il.Trump ignored a shouted question about the developing situation as he, Abe and their wives posed for photos before heading to dinner at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida. In Washington, public affairs officers for the <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Defense">Defense</keyword> Department and the State Department had no immediate comment on the report.The South's Joint Chiefs of Staff said in a statement the projectile was fired from around Banghyon, North Pyongan Province, which is where South Korean officials have said the North test launched its powerful midrange Musudan missile on Oct. 15 and 20.The South's Yonhap <keyword id="6355005" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="News">news</keyword> agency quoted an anonymous military source saying the missile flew about 500 kilometers (310 miles). But Yonhap reported that while determinations are still being made, it was not believed to be an ICBM.The missile is believed to have splashed down into the sea between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga told reporters the missile did not hit Japanese territorial seas. The North conducted two nuclear tests and a slew of rocket launches last year in continued efforts to expand its nuclear weapons and missile programs. Kim Jong Un said in his New Year's address that the country has reached the final stages of readiness to test an ICBM, which would be a major step forward in its efforts to build a credible nuclear threat to the United States.Though Pyongyang has been relatively quiet about the transfer of power to the Trump administration, its state media has repeatedly called for Washington to abandon its "hostile policy" and vowed to continue its nuclear and missile development programs until the U.S. changes its diplomatic approach.Just days ago, it also reaffirmed its plan to conduct more space launches, which it staunchly defends but which have been criticized because they involve duel use technology that can be transferred to improve missiles.Kim Dong-yeop, an analyst at the Institute for Far Eastern Studies in Seoul, speculated the projectile could be a Musudan or a similar rocket designed to test engines for an intercontinental ballistic missile that could hit the U.S. mainland. Analysts are divided, however, over how close the North is to having a reliable long-range rocket that could be coupled with a nuclear warhead capable to striking U.S. targets.___Associated Press writer Kim Tong-Hyung in Seoul, South Korea, contributed to this report.

Trump addresses North Korea missile test: 'America stands behind Japan, its great ally, 100%'

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Scientists from Korea develop completely biodegradable paper straws

PTI

Trump addresses North Korea missile test: 'America stands behind Japan, its great ally, 100%'

Michelle Mark,Associated Press

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