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<ul><li>As many as 100 district courts in India lack ‘She’ toilets. </li><li>And merely 40% washrooms are entirely operational across 555 district courts. </li><li>The court complexes are short of security systems as well. Only 11% of the courts have a baggage scanning facility. </li><li>The Indian government has spent nearly ₹70 million to refine court complexes.</li></ul>As many as 100 district courts in India lack ‘She’ toilets. And those who have toilets aren’t doing much better either. Across 555 other district courts, merely 40% of the washrooms are operational, shows a<a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/no-toilet-for-women-in-15-of-district-courts-study/articleshow/70490426.cms?from=mdr"> survey conducted</a> by legal think-tank reforms Vidhi. The states of Goa, Mizoram, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh have the least number of operational washrooms. This is despite the government’s ‘<keyword id="2517872" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Swachh-Bharat-Abhiyan">Swachh Bharat Abhiyan</keyword>’ which spent nearly ₹70 million to refine court complexes. Locked Bathrooms Last month, Indian Express reported on the unavailability of washrooms for women advocates. The report titled <a href="http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2019/jul/20/woman-lawyers-get-toilet-in-court-complex-2006555.html">‘Women advocates get a raw deal</a>’ revealed that the staff toilets were locked mostly and women needed permission to use them. In fact, most of the <keyword id="6371750" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="district-court">district court</keyword>s also lack vital facilities including bank branch, canteen and post office. Only half of the district court complexes have waiting areas. “Despite being a basic requirement, only 54% or 361 district court complexes had designated waiting areas,” TOI reported citing the findings from the survey. In addition to this, the court complexes are short of security systems as well. Merely 11% of the courts have a baggage scanning facility in place while a third of them have no fire extinguishers. And, half of them do not have emergency exit signs. The survey paints a grim picture of the condition of Indian district courts. According to<a href="https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/rajasthan-hc-improve-court-conditions-cj-inspection-146341"> LiveLaw</a>, the Rajasthan High Court has directed to improve the condition of courts to ensure basic hygiene and cleanliness. The survey included 6,650 respondents from the total 655 district court complexes across the country. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/miscellaneous/we-went-shopping-at-bed-bath-beyond-and-saw-why-the-company-is-plotting-a-turnaround/slidelist/70368848.cms">We went shopping at Bed Bath &amp; Beyond and saw why the company is plotting a turnaround</a>

In Indian courts, ‘She’ toilets are either missing, unoperational or locked

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">John Minchillo/AP PhotoEarly voting in Ohio</div></div></div>A US district court <a href="http://electionlawblog.org/wp-content/uploads/randolph-remand.pdf">ruled</a> Wednesday that Ohio must allow most unlawfully purged voters to vote in November.The decision came after a September ruling in which a Cincinnati-based appeals court <a href="http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2016/09/23/voter-roll-purge-ruling.html">declared</a> the removal of some 2 million qualified but inactive voters from the voter registration rolls illegal. "If those who were unlawfully removed from the voter rolls are not allowed to vote, then the Secretary of State is continuing to to disenfranchise voters in violation of federal law," wrote <a href="http://www.ohsd.uscourts.gov/BioSmith">Judge George Smith</a>, who serves at the Southern District of Ohio.Over the last several years, Ohio Secretary of State Jon Husted cancelled the registration of voters who did not update their registration or vote over six years, as well as removing deceased voters and duplicate registrations from the rolls. Voters removed are sent a confirmation form when they are removed.The appeals court said in September that the forms provided do "nothing to correct the fact that Ohio has, for years, been removing voters from the rolls because they failed to respond to forms that are blatantly non-compliant." <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Carlos Barria/ReutersOhio</div></div></div>Voting rights groups has pushed to restore the voting rights of illegal purged voters, and even <a href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2016/04/06/voting-rights-groups-allege-illegal-purge-election-rolls/82714230/">sued</a> Ohio's elections chief. The state <a href="https://www.scribd.com/document/327498093/Ohio-Voting-Rights-Groups-Proposal-for-Reinstating-Voters">proposed</a> to the district court to only allow a small amount of purged voters to vote.The district court turned down the state's plan. The final decision lets anyone purged since 2011 and anyone who has moved within their county to vote.Husted <a href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/10/19/court-orders-ohio-count-infrequent-voters-ballots/92349922/">told The Cincinatti Enquirer</a> that the state will abide by the decision."Our main concern was to protect the integrity of the election by not having to reinstate deceased voters, those who moved out of state, or are otherwise ineligible. We will fully comply with the judge's order to count votes of people who remain eligible in their original county and continue to focus on the important work of administering a smooth election," he said in a statement.As early voting is underway in the crucial swing state, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump are polling tightly, with Clinton slightly trailing Trump with 44% to 48%, according to new <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/17/politics/battleground-polls-2016-elections/">CNN/ORC polls</a>. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/brutal-hillary-clinton-ad-donald-trump-debate-2016-9">Watch the brutal Hillary Clinton ad that pits Trump against himself</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="lsbWY2NjE6yF6b_VF7iQaBKwS-bHRI1_" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

US district court: Ohio must allow illegally purged voters to vote

<ul class="summary-list"><li>President <keyword id="99719" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Joe-Biden">Joe Biden</keyword> announced his first judicial picks on Tuesday.</li><li>He noted the nominations would boost the diversity of the federal judiciary, with a number of firsts.</li><li>These included the first Black and Muslim Americans on certain courts.</li></ul>President Joe Biden announced his first judicial picks on Tuesday, noting that his nominations would boost the diversity of the federal judiciary.The White House said in a statement: "These highly-qualified candidates reflect the President's deeply-held conviction that the federal bench should reflect the full diversity of the American people - both in background and in professional experience."<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/federal-judges-trump-appointed-stats-demographics-names-database-2021-3">Read more: Trump appointed 28% of all the federal judges in the US, and they could mold American life for decades to come</a>It continued: "These nominees consist of attorneys who have excelled in the legal field in a wide range of positions, including as renowned jurists, public defenders, prosecutors, in the private sector, in the military, and as public servants at all levels of government."The 10 nominees announced included sitting judges, attorneys, and former federal prosecutors, many of whom would make history in their new roles.They are:<ul><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/judge-ketanji-brown-jackson-biden-supreme-court-nominee-stephen-breyer-2021-3">US District Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson</a> to the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.</li><li>Maryland US Magistrate Judge Deborah Boardman to the US District Court for the District of Maryland.</li><li>Judge Lydia Griggsby to the US District Court for the District of Maryland.</li><li>County Counsel and Acting County Administrator for Bergen County, New Jersey, Julien Neals to the US District Court for the District of New Jersey. </li><li>Judge Florence Y. Pan to the US District Court for the District of Columbia.</li><li>Former federal public defender and law partner Candace Jackson-Akiwumi to the the US Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.</li><li>Intellectual-property lawyer Tiffany Cunningham to the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.</li><li>Judge Zahid N. Quraishi to the US District Court for the District of New Jersey.</li><li>Law partner Regina Rodriguez to the US District Court for the District of Colorado.</li><li>Law partner Margaret Strickland to the US District Court for the District of New Mexico.</li><li>Judge Rupa Ranga Puttagunta to the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. </li></ul>And here are the milestones these appointees would make if approved by the Senate, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/legal-issues/biden-judicial-nominees-ketanji--brown-jackson/2021/03/29/38efad34-7773-11eb-8115-9ad5e9c02117_story.html">according to The Washington Post</a>:<ul><li>Cunningham would be the first Black judge on the Federal Circuit.</li><li>Jackson-Akiwumi and Cunningham would also be the only Black judges on their respective courts.</li><li>Quraishi would be the first Muslim American on a District Court bench.</li><li>Pan would be the first Asian American woman to serve on her court. </li><li>Griggsby would be the first woman of color to serve on her court.</li></ul>"This trailblazing slate of nominees draws from the very best and brightest minds of the American legal profession," Biden said in his statement."Each is deeply qualified and prepared to deliver justice faithfully under our Constitution and impartially to the American people - and together they represent the broad diversity of background, experience, and perspective that makes our nation strong."

Biden has announced his first list of judicial appointees, and they are poised to make history

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Alabama lawmakers are ignoring the Supreme Court's order to create a second Black-majority district in the state. </li><li>Instead, the redistricting committee proposed a map that raises the number of Black voters in the second district, but doesn't give them the majority. </li></ul>Alabama is ignoring a Supreme Court ruling that demanded the state redraw its district maps to include a second Black-majority district in the state, <a href="https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/4102476-proposed-alabama-district-map-rejects-supreme-court-mandated-second-black-majority-district/">The Hill reported</a>. In a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/kavanaugh-racial-gerrymander-map-reversal-decision-2023-6">5-4 June decision</a>, the Supreme Court sided with a group of voters that claimed the state's current district map violates the Voting Rights Act because it includes just one Black-majority district out of seven — in a state that has a population of Black voters of 27%.The ruling came as a surprise as Chief Justice John Roberts and conservative Brett Kavanaugh sided with the court's three liberal justices.But, according to The Hill, the team of Republicans tasked with redrawing Alabama's district map aren't listening to the Supreme Court's ruling. State lawmakers on Monday proposed their new version of the districting map which increased the number of Black voters in the second district from 30% to nearly 42.5%, The Hill reported.According to the June ruling, though, that second district would have to include more than 50% of Black voters, or at least be able to "perform" for Black voters, giving a candidate supported by Black voters in the state a real chance to win, Mark Gaber, senior director of redistricting at Campaign Legal Center, explained to Insider. In this case, it's not about the percentage of Black voters in the district, Gaber said. It's more about the fact that this proposed district is in rural Alabama, where voting is hyper-polarized, so Black voters would need a majority to ever have a chance to elect a candidate they support. In contrast, if a second district were drawn near a big city, like Birmingham — where voting is still polarized but not as much — the district might not need to account for more than 50% of Black voters because there is more of an opportunity there, Gaber said. "The key thing is like functionally, looking to see election results and whether or not in the district that's drawn the past candidates favored by Black voters actually prevailed in the district as a function," Gaber said. He continued: "As a reality in Alabama, for the most part, the voting is so racially polarized that the white voters have such low support for candidates supported by Black voters that as a functional matter, it does need to be, as the district court said, either a majority or close to it."The proposal was approved by the Permanent Legislative Committee in a 14-6 vote across party lines, The Hill reported. Gaber said the proposed map is "violating section two of the Voting Rights Act."Alabama's Republican House Speaker Pro Tempore Chris Pringle — who also serves as the co-chairman of Alabama's redistricting committee — stood by this committee's proposal when it was introduced in a special session Monday, saying it gave Black voters a bigger voice and that was enough. "We took in consideration what the court asked us to do," Pringle said, <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/07/17/alabama-republicans-reject-second-majority-black-house-district-00106675">according to Politico</a>.The National Redistricting Foundation, a Democratic-Party-aligned nonprofit that was among those opposing the Alabama maps, vowed to fight the new maps if they are approved."Alabama Republicans are intentionally drawing political retention maps at the expense of Black Alabamians—in defiance of the Supreme Court and the Alabama district court," Executive Director Marina Jenkins <a href="https://redistrictingfoundation.org/news/nrf-responds-to-alabama-republicans-passing-gerrymandered-maps-in-committee">said in a statement</a>. "It is a continuation of the state's long, sordid history of disenfranchising Black voters."Gaber said there is a district court hearing over the proposed map later this week. He expects the state will lose because it didn't uphold what SCOTUS asked of it and the map will then be redrawn by court-appointed special masters. He said that the state will have the opportunity to appeal the district court to the Supreme Court, "but it seems pretty clear to me that they should lose that," Gaber said. "This district will not perform, it doesn't remedy the violation, frankly," Gaber told Insider. "To me this is evidence of purposeful discrimination at this point given what they've been told by the US Supreme Court."

Alabama is trying to dodge the Supreme Court's order to stop packing Black voters into one district. It's not going to work, a law expert said.

<ul><li><keyword id="2665691" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Niti-Aayog">Niti Aayog</keyword> is reportedly working on a proposal for a performance index of <keyword id="6391479" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="judges">judges</keyword>. </li><li>The think tank is developing a system to review the annual performance of judges across the country - from the <keyword id="6354977" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Supreme-Court">Supreme Court</keyword> to the district courts. </li><li>The index will cover more than 17,000 judges and will be made public. </li><li>While the performance review proposal will likely be opposed by judges, Niti Aayog likely sees it as a way to make India’s courts operate with more efficiency.</li></ul>The Indian government’s policy think tank, Niti Aayog, is <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/niti-aayog-working-on-proposal-to-appraise-judges-performance-make-rankings-public/articleshow/69210175.cms?from=mdr">reportedly working </a>on a proposal for a performance index of judges. The think tank is developing a system to review the annual performance of judges across the country - from the Supreme Court to the district courts. The index will cover more than 17,000 judges. The rankings will also be made public, not only in the interest of transparency, but to motivate judges to perform better. The index will rank judges based on a number of indicators such as cost per case, pending caseload, duration of trials and clearance rate. The idea of a <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/niti-aayog-for-a-judicial-performance-index-to-check-pendency/articleshow/60277247.cms">“judicial performance index”</a> was first mooted by the think tank in August 2017, but for lower courts. At the time, it also suggested an online recruitment system for Indian courts. 
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 While the performance review proposal will likely be opposed by judges, Niti Aayog likely sees it as a way to make India’s courts operate with more efficiency. In December 2018, the think tank also proposed <a href="https://www.dailypioneer.com/2018/india/niti-aayog-for-all-india-test-to-select-judges-for-lower-courts.html">an all-India exam </a>to appoint judges for district courts. Indian courts have a huge backlog. There are currently <a href="https://njdg.ecourts.gov.in/njdgnew/?p=main/pend_dashboard">30.4 million</a> pending court cases in India, according to the National Judicial Data Grid, 73% of which are more than 1 year old. A study by India’s finance ministry reportedly estimated that it would <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/niti-aayog-working-on-proposal-to-appraise-judges-performance-make-rankings-public/articleshow/69210175.cms?from=mdr">take 324 years </a>to clear up the caseload at the current rate of completion. If the judges performance review is to become effective in making courts more efficient, it will have to be supplemented with better resources and infrastructure for the courts, Bishwajit Bhattacharyya, the former solicitor general, told <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/niti-aayog-working-on-proposal-to-appraise-judges-performance-make-rankings-public/articleshow/69210175.cms?from=mdr">ET</a>. There should also be a system of case disposal targets at the high courts and Supreme Courts, as is the case for lower courts, he added. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/miscellaneous/10-landmark-judgements-indias-supreme-court-passed-in-2018/slidelist/67254190.cms">10 landmark judgements India’s Supreme Court passed in 2018</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-indian-government-just-reduced-the-autonomy-of-the-regulator-that-makes-drugs-affordable/articleshow/67635790.cms">The Indian government just reduced the autonomy of the regulator that makes drugs affordable</a>

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In Indian courts, ‘She’ toilets are either missing, unoperational or locked

Prerna Sindwani

US district court: Ohio must allow illegally purged voters to vote

Louise Liu

Biden has announced his first list of judicial appointees, and they are poised to make history

Sinéad Baker

Alabama is trying to dodge the Supreme Court's order to stop packing Black voters into one district. It's not going to work, a law expert said.

Rebecca Cohen

India’s public policy think tank is reportedly planning an index to rank the annual performance of judges

Dilsher Dhillon

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