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Increased intake of refined rice and wheat as well as processed red meat, and low consumption of whole grains is causing a significant increase in the global cases of diabetes, according to a study. The study, published in the journal <keyword id="298915" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="nature-medicine" source="Orion">Nature Medicine</keyword>, showed that poor diet contributed to over 14.1 million cases of Type-2 diabetes, representing over 70 per cent of new diagnoses globally. They found factors such as drinking too much fruit juice and not eating enough non-starchy vegetables, nuts, or seeds, had less of an impact on new cases of the disease. "Our study suggests poor carbohydrate quality is a leading driver of diet-attributable type 2 diabetes globally, and with important variation by nation and over time," said <keyword id="319832" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="dariush-mozaffarian" source="Orion">Dariush Mozaffarian</keyword>, Professor of Nutrition and dean for policy at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University. "These new findings reveal critical areas for national and global focus to improve nutrition and reduce devastating burdens of diabetes," Mozaffarian added. The analysis, based on a research model of dietary intake in 184 countries from 1990 and 2018, revealed that poor diet is causing a larger proportion of total Type-2 diabetes incidence in men versus women, in younger versus older adults, and in urban versus rural residents at the global level. Diabetes is linked to a number of diseases like the risk of heart attacks and strokes, nerve damage, blindness and kidney failure, among others. "Left unchecked and with incidence only projected to rise, Type-2 diabetes will continue to impact population health, economic productivity, health care system capacity, and drive health inequities worldwide," said first author Meghan O'Hearn, who conducted the research while a doctoral candidate at the Friedman School. "These findings can help inform nutritional priorities for clinicians, policymakers, and private sector actors as they encourage healthier dietary choices that address this global epidemic," she noted. According to the latest <keyword id="20905" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="international-diabetes-federation" source="Orion">International Diabetes Federation</keyword> (IDF), the global prevalence of Type-2 diabetes in adults was 536.6 million people (10.5 per cent) in 2021, and there would be 783.2 million people (12.2 per cent) living with diabetes worldwide by 2045. In India, there are estimated 77 million people above the age of 18 years are suffering from diabetes (Type-2) and nearly 25 million are prediabetics (at a higher risk of developing diabetes in near future), revealed data from the <keyword id="43588" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="world-health-organization" source="Orion">World Health Organization</keyword>. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/reliance-capital-resolution-process-completion-deadline-extended-to-july-16/articleshow/99580422.cms">Reliance Capital resolution process completion deadline extended to July 16</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/3bhks-are-the-new-2bhks-as-indians-yearn-for-a-study-room/articleshow/99578976.cms">3BHKs are the new 2BHKs as Indians yearn for a study room</a>

Refined grains, processed red meat behind global spike in diabetes

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Americans' diets have remained largely unchanged since 1999, according to a new study.</li><li>Meals remain high in processed foods that can increase a person's risk of disease.</li></ul>Americans are eating healthier than in previous years, but they still have a long way to go, according to a researcher who studies food as medicine.Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian, director of the Food is Medicine Institute at Tufts University in Boston, co-authored a study on the quality of nearly 52,000 American adults' diets between 1999 and 2020. The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M24-0190">results</a> were published online Tuesday in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Mozaffarian and his co-author, Junxiu Liu, examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and found that the American diet has remained nearly the same over the past two decades. Between 1999 and 2020, 10.5% of study participants transitioned from "poor" diets to healthier diets with more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and less sodium, processed meat, and saturated fat. But only 1% of study participants ate an "ideal" diet — 4 to 5 cups of fruits and vegetables daily, plus beans, whole grains, and nuts — during that same time period."People often ask me, 'Well, if the diet's slowly improving, why is obesity and diabetes still going up?' It's still going up because only 1.58% of Americans have an ideal diet. We still have a long way to go," Mozaffarian told <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/17/health/improve-diet-quality-tips-wellness/index.html">CNN</a>."We have stalled as a nation — and that does not bode well for our health. If I was grading America on its diet, I'd give it a D—just up from an F," Mozaffarian said.<h2 id="645b3920-d5b9-4d14-868f-c48fe2d6ed79">Why are Americans failing in the diet department?</h2>Typically, the American diet consists of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-processed-food-2019-5">ultra-processed foods</a> and foods high in salt and sugar. These foods can increase a person's risk of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cancer-prevention-lifestyle-changes-dietitian-advice-healthy-eating-2024-5">cancer</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-making-ultra-processed-foods-healthier-in-major-new-study-2024-6">heart disease, stroke, and early death</a>Accordingng to Heidi Silver, a registered dietitian and director of the Vanderbilt Diet, Body Composition, and Human Metabolism Core at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashvil, factors like food insecurity and poverty have contributed to the overall lack of improvement in peoples' diets over the last two decadesle."Food insecurity affects diet quality via lower consumption of healthier foods, especially those that are more expensive, don't have a long shelf life and don't provide enough volume to fill a hungry child," Silver told <a target="_blank" href="https://ca.news.yahoo.com/american-diets-improve-remain-poor-210006855.html?guccounter=1&amp;guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&amp;guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAIxQY8jqfhJZ3nx6GI2CtFozsjcKqPHfZhqg_rC9m-24aGDD3TjXfwdJHkeL65FOYo0wJAreBHfWpuUPOMTPw-43gndFGf3yxht1rIDsCj0IE3tNCRJY2szyhtRlrWX0oGzNtmVtXPIHHiiQjGoJPzLm36OE9ISBfPoUBCvEg_ge">Yahoo</a>.These systemic limitations can make it difficult for food-insecure populations like Black people, older people, and low-income people to make lasting diet changes.<h2 id="8710d05f-4de3-497e-a0da-5d101197b1d3">Simple diet tweaks could help reduce health risks</h2>For those seeking simple and inexpensive ways to improve their diets, removing sugary drinks is a good first step, according to Dr. Gregory Katz, a cardiologist at NYU Langone."<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cardiologist-shares-easy-way-avoid-biggest-calorie-heart-health-mistake-2024-6">Drinking calories and drinking alcohol</a> are the biggest modifiable risk factors. The number of people I see drinking 500 calories a day blows my mind," Katz told Business Insider's Gabby Landsverk. "Just because it's simple doesn't make it easy."Katz suggested doing away with soda, juice, sugar-laden coffee drinks, and cocktails and replacing them with unsweetened tea or water flavored with a splash of juice or flavored with citrus.Aiming to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/harvard-researcher-healthy-swaps-to-cut-processed-foods-improve-brain-gut-health-2024-6">swap out two servings of processed foods</a> each week is another strategy that doesn't involve overhauling your entire diet, according to Dr. W. Taylor Kimberly. Kimberly, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and the senior author of a recent <a target="_blank" href="https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000209432">study</a> linking ultra-processed foods to health risks like dementia and stroke.You could, for example, swap French fries for a baked sweet potato or nosh on nuts and carrots instead of cookies and crackers.Kimberly said that a good rule of thumb is to prepare meals at home as much as possible."If you look at it and think, that could be made in my kitchen, that's a good indicator," he said.

Americans are just about failing when it comes to nutrition, says a food-as-medicine researcher. A few simple diet tweaks could help.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The US <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-restaurant-calorie-counts-2017-1">finalized a law</a> requiring chain restaurants to list calorie counts on menus in 2018.</li><li>New research shows that adding calorie counts leads diners to consume 7% fewer <keyword id="20964" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="calories">calories</keyword> on average.</li><li>The <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/tuhs-snc060920.php">study</a> found that on a national scale, the law is expected to prevent 136,000 new cases of <keyword id="22908" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="heart-disease">heart disease</keyword> cases and about 28,000 early deaths. </li><li>The coronavirus' <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-death-rates-preexisting-conditions-heart-disease-cancer-2020-2">disproportionate impact</a> on patients with obesity, <keyword id="6359018" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="diabetes">diabetes</keyword>, and heart disease highlights why improving the <keyword id="6181" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Food">food</keyword> system is critical, the researchers said.</li></ul>The US finalized a law in 2018 that requires chain restaurants with 20 or more locations to include calorie counts on their menus.A <a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.006313">new study</a> has found that by 2023, the law may have prevented nearly 15,000 new cases of heart disease and about 21,500 diagnoses of Type 2 diabetes.Previous research has shown that adding calorie counts to menus drives consumers to choose lower-calorie foods. Nationwide, those choices add up to giant public-health benefits over time, the new study found. That also results in healthcare cost savings for the average American."Prior to COVID-19, Americans were relying on restaurants for one in five calories, on average. Most likely, we will come to rely on them again. Our study shows that menu calorie labeling may prevent meaningful disease and save billions of dollars in <keyword id="585397" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="healthcare-costs">healthcare costs</keyword>," <a href="https://nutrition.tufts.edu/profile/faculty/dariush-mozaffarian">Dariush Mozaffarian</a>, a co-author of the study, said in a <a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/tuhs-snc060920.php">press release</a>.<h2>7% fewer calories per meal</h2>On any given pre-pandemic day, about one-third of American adults ate at a full-service restaurant, and about <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31995199/">half</a> ate at a fast-food or quick-service establishment.The new study simulated what would happen if 1 million American diners from ages 35-80 saw the calorie food labels on menus and cut their restaurant calorie intake accordingly.<div type="image" title="This Wednesday, Feb. 14, 2018 file photo shows calorie counts on drive-through menu items of a fast food restaurant in Ridgeland, Miss. According to a study published Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2019, in the medical journal, BMJ, customers at fast-food chains in Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas ordered an average of 60 fewer calories per transaction soon after the figures were displayed on menu boards. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)" height="2000" width="3000" msid="76324310" hostid="261"></div>The simulation found that diners would consume about 7% fewer calories per meal after seeing the labels (though the researchers assumed in the analysis that about half of these "saved" calories would still get consumed somewhere else, like at home).Over the average American's lifetime, those food choices would prevent about 136,000 new cases of heart disease and about 28,000 early deaths from heart disease, the study showed. In addition, they could prevent 100,000 cases of Type 2 diabetes.In total, the researchers found, the law could add 367,450 healthy years of life for Americans.<h2>The law could lead to more than $10 billion in healthcare savings</h2>The new study also revealed healthcare cost savings associated with the calorie law.The researchers estimated that the dietary changes people make would save between $10-14 billion in healthcare costs in total over the rest of the average American lifetimes simulated (28.4 years).<div type="image" title="menu" height="1053" width="1404" msid="76324311" hostid="261"></div>The researchers also found another $3 to $5 billion in savings in the US economy because better health would cut productivity losses.If the restaurant industry reformulates some menus towards healthier choices in general, the study noted, potential health gains and cost savings could be even higher."Part of the attraction of eating out is pleasure, and our model assumes people will still treat themselves, but the experience can be healthier overall if both diners and the restaurant industry make changes," <a href="https://physiciandirectory.brighamandwomens.org/details/662/thomas-gaziano-cardiovascular_medicine-boston" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Thomas Gaziano,</a> another study co-author, said in the release.The coronavirus pandemic has highlighted how important healthy eating is, the researchers said, because patients with preexisting conditions such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes are developing <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-death-rates-preexisting-conditions-heart-disease-cancer-2020-2">more severe</a> cases."Improving the healthfulness of our food system is crucial, given the pandemic's disproportionate impact on people with diet-related conditions like diabetes and obesity, and further links to health disparities," Mozaffarian said.

The US law requiring calorie counts on menus is expected to save tens of thousands of lives and over $10 billion in healthcare costs, research shows

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>A new study finds that sugary drinks are even worse for you that we thought. The study suggests that excessive soda consumption could be indirectly linked to the deaths of as many as 180,000 people every year, including 25,000 Americans, <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/06/29/sugary-drinks-linked-to-180000-deaths-a-year-study-says/%20">the Washington Post reports</a>. <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/06/29/sugary-drinks-linked-to-180000-deaths-a-year-study-says/"> </a>The study, conducted by researchers from Tufts University, goes so far as to estimate that one in every 100 deaths related to obesity could be influenced by too much soda. The sugary beverages may also be linked to as many as 133,000 deaths from diabetes, 45,000 from cardiovascular disease, and 6,450 from cancer, <a href="http://now.tufts.edu/articles/put-down-soda%20">according to the study</a>, which <a href="http://www.foodinsight.org/sugar-beverages-soda-death-study-evaluation">some have said is overblown</a>. Dariush Mozaffarian, an author of the study and Dean of the Friedman School of Nutrition <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> and Policy, <a href="http://now.tufts.edu/articles/put-down-soda">told TuftsNow</a> that an important part of their findings was the proportion of obesity and diabetes soda related deaths among younger people. "In the US, for example, about 10% of all obesity- and diabetes-related deaths under age 45 were attributed to sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. That's a remarkably high proportion," he told TuftsNews.Mozaffarian also mentioned that the disproportionate amount of younger people drinking sugary beverages compared to elderly people will dramatically increase the number of people who are suffering from diseases related to the drinks.Most of the sugary drinks related deaths are in developing countries and South America is especially badly affected. In first place is Mexico, which totals 405 death per million adults. The US is ranked fourth, with 125 deaths per million adults. <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>The American Beverage Association dismissed the study <a href="http://www.ameribev.org/news-media/news-releases-statements/more/359/%20">in a statement</a>, stating that it "does not show that consuming sugar-sweetened beverages causes chronic diseases and the authors themselves acknowledge that they are at best estimating effects of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption."<a href="http://www.foodinsight.org/sugar-beverages-soda-death-study-evaluation">An article for the International Food Information Council Foundation</a> (IFICF) also notes that since the Tufts study is one of the first of its kind, it's hard to assess just how accurate it is. Of the data that is available, however, the vast majority shows that heavy sugary drink consumption is linked with an increased risk of diabetes, gout, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and obesity. However, people who drink a lot of soda also tend to engage in other unhealthy behaviors as well, such as smoking, not exercising, and eating less healthily overall. Those health factors were not controlled for in this study.Still, even the criticism may need to be taken with a grain of salt, since the <a href="http://www.foodinsight.org/about#block-block-17">Coca Cola Company, Red Bull North America, PepsiCo, and Mars Incorporated</a> are all supporters of the IFICF. Mozaffarian, the author of the original study, was blunt about what he thinks should be done."We need a real cultural shift here. Would these people promote cigarettes to kids? I doubt it, and they shouldn't promote sugar-sweetened beverages, either," <a href="http://now.tufts.edu/articles/put-down-soda">he told Tuftsnews</a>. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-calculate-body-mass-index-bmi-2015-6">Here's one way to figure out if you're fat</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="d0eGZycjpjTcBwP8BPOf0zTZUQwiUr-Z" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

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Refined grains, processed red meat behind global spike in diabetes

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Americans are just about failing when it comes to nutrition, says a food-as-medicine researcher. A few simple diet tweaks could help.

Julia Naftulin

The US law requiring calorie counts on menus is expected to save tens of thousands of lives and over $10 billion in healthcare costs, research shows

Holly Secon

Another study finds that soda is even worse for you than we thought

Barbara Tasch

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