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Mumbai, <keyword id="19969771" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="crypto" source="keywords">Crypto</keyword> currencies cannot be referred to as "currencies" as they have no underlying value, a central bank official said. The <keyword id="19899810" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="reserve-bank-of-india" source="keywords">Reserve Bank of India</keyword> (<keyword id="19899808" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rbi" source="keywords">RBI</keyword>) has been critical of new-age currencies like bitcoins, saying they pose systemic risk to the financial systems. "Crypto currencies cannot be called currencies as they don't have any underlying value," P <keyword id="19944928" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vasudevan" source="keywords">Vasudevan</keyword>, an executive director at the RBI, said during a panel discussion organised by IIM-Kozhikode here. Ultimately it is a call that the government has to take on how to tackle crypto currencies, the official said. Currently, bitcoins have no legal backing in India and investors have to pay a tax on the income earned by trading in them. In the backdrop of the action against <keyword id="19907220" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="paytm-payments-bank" source="keywords">Paytm Payments Bank</keyword> and curbs imposed on some international card providers, Vasudevan said self-regulation can protect the fintech sector better. He also said that mechanisms could be looked at to highlight bad behaviour.

Crypto currencies have no underlying value, says RBI official

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Russia passed a bill allowing crypto trade payments and is aiming to roll out the digital ruble next July.</li><li>Moscow's tilt to crypto reverses its previous anti-crypto stance.</li></ul>Russia is stepping up sanctions-evading measures to keep its international trade flowing. The country is passing new laws regulating cryptocurrency and a plan for the digital ruble.On Tuesday, Russia's State Duma — the lower house of Russia's federal assembly — passed a bill that would let businesses use cryptocurrencies in international trade, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/russia-launch-international-payments-crypto-before-end-2024-2024-07-30/">Reuters</a> reported.Under this new law, Russia's central bank will create a new "experimental" payments platform. Russian central bank governor Elvira Nabiullina said the first transactions are expected by the end of this year, per Reuters.Nabiullina also said on Tuesday that the Russian central bank plans a mass introduction of the digital ruble in July next year, per <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://tass.com/economy/1823089">TASS.</a>Digital currencies, like the digital ruble, are similar to cryptocurrencies but are <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/11/cbdcs-how-different-cryptocurrency-stablecoin/">issued and backed by central banks.</a><h2 id="04f69842-16d5-468a-85c4-9bbe54193e49">Some Russian businesses are already using crypto</h2>In addition, Russia passed new regulations legalizing crypto mining on Tuesday.An existing ban on crypto payments in Russia remains, but Moscow's greenlighting crypto for international trade marks a significant shift.In January 2022 — before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine — <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/russian-cbank-proposes-banning-cryptocurrencies-crypto-mining-2022-01-20/">Russia's central bank</a> proposed a ban on the use and mining of cryptocurrencies within the country, citing risks to financial stability and monetary policy.However, the heavily sanctioned country is facing so many issues with international payments that it has been forced to shift its position.Some Russian businesses are already using cryptocurrencies to trade with settlements done via Hong Kong, but through central Asian intermediaries, <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" class="" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-25/russian-companies-face-mounting-payment-issues-as-sanctions-bite">Bloomberg</a> reported last week.<a target="_blank" class="" href="http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/74566">Russian President Vladimir Putin</a> himself said earlier this month that Russia had to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://tass.com/economy/1818055">"seize the moment"</a> to create a legal framework for digital assets, as they are being increasingly used to settle international payments.Russia's tilt toward crypto isn't unexpected. Analysts have been speculating about how <a target="_blank" href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/cryptocurrencies-and-us-sanctions-evasion-implications-russia">Russia would eventually move</a> toward using crypto and digital assets following sweeping sanctions over its invasion of Ukraine.<h2 id="0eca508c-15cf-41aa-b85a-a557ee507d8d">Increasingly tight Western sanctions hit Russia's international trade</h2>Until recently, Moscow hasn't really had to look into digital currencies that intently — since Russian companies have managed to keep on doing business using non-US dollar currencies, such as the Chinese yuan, or via smaller banks.But Russia's international trade is getting <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-economy-china-yuan-payments-delay-months-bounce-back-sanctions-2024-7">ever more difficult.</a>The troubles started in December when the US authorized <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-takes-aim-financial-institutions-with-new-russia-sanctions-authority-2023-12-22/">secondary sanctions</a> targeting financial institutions that help Russia skirt sanctions.This prompted <a target="_blank" rel="" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-economy-financial-system-us-sanctions-oil-trade-foreign-banks-2024-3">global banks</a> from <a target="_blank" rel="" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-biggest-banks-stop-russia-payments-icbc-ccb-boc-2024-2">China </a>to the UAE, Turkey, and Austria to reduce transactions — even in non-US dollars — with Russia to avoid getting in the crosshairs."This episode demonstrates the global power of the US Treasury, causing banks from Turkey to India and China to pause the processing of payments invoiced by or to Russian counterparties," wrote Christopher Granville, the managing director of global political research at GlobalData TS Lombard, in a May note about <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/dedollarization-brics-usd-dollar-central-banks-digital-currency-payments-mbridge-2024-5">digital currencies and dedollarization.</a>"In other words, simply settling commercial invoices in national currencies rather than US dollars turns out to be an insufficient counter to US sanctions," Granville added.The payment issues were exacerbated last month when the US Treasury rolled out a new package of <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-sanctions-us-china-ukraine-war-economy-janet-yellen-treasury-2024-6?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets&amp;_gl=1*1nuxsvd*_ga*MTM0MjM1NDU5My4xNjg1MTUzMTcw*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTcyMDE0NzM3MS45MzUuMS4xNzIwMTQ5OTU5LjYwLjAuMA..">expansive US sanctions</a> against Russia, forcing the Moscow Exchange — Russia's key bourse — to halt <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/currencies/russia-dollar-ruble-exchange-us-sanctions-currency-yuan-ukraine-war-2024-6">dollar and euro trade.</a><h2 id="b33701e6-83ac-4290-b6c2-ada7fbc1bf3a">Russia could be eying a digital-currency-based settlement system</h2>It isn't clear how Russia's crypto and digital currency regimes will shape up.Implementation may be easier said than done.Even China, which has one of the world's most advanced <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.scmp.com/tech/tech-trends/article/3228094/chinas-digital-currency-bank-china-helps-mainland-tourists-spend-e-cny-hong-kong-select-retailers">digital currencies,</a> relies on a "two-tier" system involving banks as wallet-holding agents. Granville wrote in May that that setup avoided excessively disrupting the operations of banks, which could threaten broader financial stability.

Sanctions-hit Russia is rushing to set up payment systems, including crypto, to make trading easier

The framework - crypto regulation & India

Mumbai, RBI Governor <keyword id="6359111" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="shaktikanta-das" source="Orion">Shaktikanta Das</keyword> on Thursday said the central bank does not "emulate" others when it comes to regulations and asserted that the bank's as well as his own opposition to cryptocurrencies remain unchanged, a day after US regulators allowed bitcoin Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). He also said that emerging markets and the world cannot afford to have a "crypto mania". "What is good for another market need not be good for us. Therefore our views -- both that of the Reserve Bank and personally that of mine -- remain the same," Das said. Addressing a financial sector seminar organised by business daily Mint here, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) chief also said that for emerging market economies and advanced economies, travelling down that path of cryptocurrencies will create huge risks which will be very difficult to contain going forward. "The question is why do you want to go down that road? What is it that you are going to get?," Das said while responding to a query about the development in the US with respect to cryptocurrencies. <keyword id="20153809" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="personally-das" source="keywords">Personally Das</keyword> and RBI, as an institution, are opposed to private cryptocurrencies on the grounds that they pose tremendous threat to the financial stability. "The US capital markets regulator in the same announcement also issued necessary cautionary advice and necessary warning to investors to be careful along with the risks it poses. Our position, my position and the RBI's position on this remain unchanged irrespective of who does what. Just because someone has done something, we are not here to emulate them," he said. The remarks were in the context of the US regulator SEC permitting bitcoin ETFs. The approval is seen as a landmark event in the adoption of cryptocurrencies in mainstream finance as the ETF structure gives institutions and financial advisors a familiar and regulated way to have an exposure to bitcoins. "I don't wish to comment on what a regulator of another country has done; they know what is best for their country. But I would like to say that they themselves have flagged risks in the product and advised people to be very careful. "We are all familiar with the Tulip mania in the Netherlands that had led to an asset bubble in the past. I don't think emerging markets and the world can afford a crypto mania that could lead to similar outcomes," the governor said. On whether he sees the forthcoming vote-on-account to be inflationary, Das said that going by the past records of the present government, he feels that the interim budget will not lead to inflationary pressures. Further, Das mentioned many supply side measures that the government has taken to contain price rise since the beginning of the Russia-Ukraine war.

The world cannot afford a crypto mania: Shaktikanta Das

The framework: Crypto regulation and India

Finance Minister <keyword id="129243" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nirmala-sitharaman" source="Orion">Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword> on Tuesday made a strong case for regulating cryprocurrencies at a global level to mitigate the risk of money laundering and terror funding. Participating at a high-level panel discussion organised by the IMF, the Finance Minister said that as long as the non-governmental activity of the <keyword id="2721952" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="crypto" source="Orion">crypto</keyword> assets was through unhosted wallets, the regulation was going to be very difficult. However, she said, cross border payments between countries will become very effective through Central Bank-driven digital currencies. "The risk which worries me more on the non-governmental domain is essentially you're looking at unhosted wallets across the borders, across the globe... So, regulation cannot be done by a single country within its terrain through some effective method and for doing it across the borders, technology doesn't have a solution which will be acceptable to various sovereigns at the same time applicable within each of the territory," she said. The risks involved will have to be differentially approached, because for each user case, the risks can also be different, depending on the economy, she said during a panel discussion on the topic 'Money at a Crossroad: Public or Private Digital Money?' Citing an example, Sitharaman said application of regulation and risk involved for Nigeria would be different from a tourism or investment rich Bahamas. Stressing that regulation using technology will have to be so adept and nimble that it should not be behind the curve. It has to be ahead and this is not possible if any one country thinks that it can handle it, she said. Pointing out that unless there's going to be a global approach at regulating and understanding of the technology on cryptocurrencies there is a risk of money laundering. "I harp on that very much because I think the biggest risk for all countries across the board will be on the money laundering aspect, and also on the aspect of currency being used for financing terror," she said. With regard to taxing income generated from transactions in crypto assets, Sitharaman said it is a means to check the source and trail but not to legitimise them. "We haven't said that this is currency. We haven't said that this has intrinsic value, but certain operations are taxable for the sovereign and that is why we have taxed," she said. Budget 2022-23 proposed a 30 per cent tax on income from transactions in crypto assets and also imposed a 1 per cent TDS (tax deducted at source) on transactions in such asset classes above a certain threshold. "We did announce that on the income that was generated out of the transactions of these crypto assets will be taxed at 30 per cent and over and above that, there is a 1 per cent tax deduction at source which is also imposed on every transaction. So through that we will be able to know who's buying and who's selling it," she said. On the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), she said, it is going to happen sometime this year. RBI is planning to come out with a central bank-backed digital currency using blockchain technology in 2022-23. SEE ALSO <a class="tout-title-link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/wholesale-inflation-in-india-is-now-near-the-same-level-as-it-was-during-the-1991-economic-crisis/articleshow/90930779.cms">Wholesale inflation in India is now near the same level as it was during the 1991 economic crisis</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/rbi-thinks-that-risk-of-inflation-may-continue-to-rise-as-export-declines/slidelist/90932616.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Here’s what is worrying RBI as India faces the double whammy of rising inflation and declining exports</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/ayushman-bharat-health-account-features-benefits-and-how-to-apply-for-abha/articleshow/90933084.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Ayushman Bharat Health Account — features, benefits and how to apply for ABHA</a>

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Crypto currencies have no underlying value, says RBI official

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Sanctions-hit Russia is rushing to set up payment systems, including crypto, to make trading easier

Huileng Tan

The framework - crypto regulation & India

BI India Bureau

The framework - crypto regulation & India

BI India Bureau

The framework - crypto regulation & India

Business Insider India

The world cannot afford a crypto mania: Shaktikanta Das

PTI

The framework: Crypto regulation and India

Business Insider India

Cryptocurrency could be used for money laundering and terror funding, says Indian finance minister

PTI

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