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<br />
The latest roar surrounding cow-flesh trade has made everyone take notice of something that has apparently existed in the country for centuries.<br />
<br /> "Everyone wants to use leather products, but will beat up the guy who gets it out of the dead animal for them," says Hirabhai Chavda, a third-generation businessman dealing in cow flesh. Based in Saurashtra, Chavda skins dead carcasses of cows, and has been doing so for years, but it’s only recently that he has started to face a threat from the so-called <keyword id="2830419" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="cow-protectors">cow protectors</keyword>.<br />
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"Everything that comes from a dead cow is used," Hirabhai told ET. "While meat is consumed, the leather is sold to the industry, so are bones and hooves," he adds.<br />
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"Earlier, when the market was good, leather would be sold for Rs 800. Now it barely fetches Rs 500 a piece. Then there is bone. Each carcass would get as much as 10 kg of bones, which brings about Rs 10 per kg. In case of a good animal, you also get 5-6 kg fat, which is sold for Rs 20 per kg," he adds.<br />
<br /> The business of these carcasses is so well-established that there is an elaborate system for disposing off the carcasses, essentially manned by the people belonging to the <keyword id="3576077" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Rohit-community">Rohit community</keyword>. As per the system, ‘Bham’, a group of few families belonging to the Rohit community, bids for the clearance of dead animals with the local panjrapoles.<br />
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This leads to each bham getting about six to seven dead animals per day, eventually giving them Rs 10,000 to Rs 12,000 of monthly income per person.<br />
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"Earlier, we used to tan the leather in villages but now with big players coming up, we only skin the animal, apply salt and send them to tanneries in Kanpur, Kolkata, Chennai or Hapur," Hirabhai says, while also telling that the bones meet their fate in the crushing mills in Central Gujarat.<br />
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As per Manjula Pradeep, ED, Navsarjan, a grassroots Dalit organization, the dead cow processing business has an estimated annual turnover of Rs 1,200 crore.<br />
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While the Rohit community disposes of carcasses, Valmiki community, considered to be untouchable even by the Rohit community, takes care of carcasses of cats, dogs or smaller animals, the carcasses of which are not of any financial benefit.<br />
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"The caste lines are much stronger among Dalits than even in the dominant community even today," said an activist from the Rohit community. "See all these big industries are run by people of dominant castes and they are making crores of rupees in the business, but we who get the basics for them get to live with the beatings and pittance," he says.<br />
<br /> "PM speaks about <keyword id="6361202" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Swachh-Bharat">Swachh Bharat</keyword>, just take a look around the places where Dalits have gone on strike. The stench will tell you how Swachch Bharat is when we don't do what we do," he smirks.<br />
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Facing threat from the cow protectors, the Rohit community has not been lifting dead animals since July 18, which has pushed the administration to edge.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://quintype-01.imgix.net/thequint/2016-07/ff855bdb-ab09-41b2-92b8-bf85b6640907/RTR8B32.jpg"><em>Image source</em></a><br />

Dead cows make up for Rs 1,200-crore business in Gujarat

<keyword id="6355199" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="reliance-industries">Reliance Industries</keyword> Ltd (RIL), India's largest company, on Thursday said its board has approved hiving off its USD 75 billion worth oil-to-chemicals business into a separate division to enable the sale of 20 per cent stake in the unit to Saudi national oil company Aramco. The hiving off will be subject to the approval of the National Company Law Tribunal. <br /><br /> After the approval, the oil-to-chemical (O2C) business will become a separate vertical with independent balance sheet just like the conglomerate's digital arm, Jio Platforms. RIL had organised all its digital businesses including Reliance Jio that has 388 million telecom subscribers, into Jio Platforms. It last week agreed to sell a 9.99 per cent stake in Jio Platforms to <keyword id="319320" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Facebook-Inc">Facebook Inc</keyword> for USD 5.7 billion.<br /><br /> RIL Board "approved a Scheme of Arrangement for transfer of O2C Undertaking of the company to <keyword id="9147221" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="reliance-o2c-ltd">Reliance O2C Ltd</keyword> as a going concern on slump sale basis for a lump sum consideration equal to the income tax net worth of the O2C Undertaking as on the appointed date of the Scheme," it said in its fourth-quarter earnings statement.<br /><br /> O2C undertaking of the company comprises entire oil-to-chemicals business of the company consisting of refining, petrochemicals, fuel retail and aviation fuel (majority interest only) and bulk wholesale marketing businesses together with its assets and liabilities.<br /><br /> "The scheme is subject to necessary statutory/regulatory approvals under applicable laws including approval of National Company Law Tribunal," it added.<br /><br /> In August last year, RIL head <keyword id="3820" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mukesh-Ambani">Mukesh Ambani</keyword> had announced initial agreements to sell a 20 per cent stake in the oil-to-chemical business to <keyword id="152170" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Saudi-Aramco">Saudi Aramco</keyword> for an asking of USD 15 billion.<br /><br /> The deal covers all of Reliance's refining and petrochemicals assets as well as the remainder of stake the firm has in fuel retailing business after selling 49 per cent to BP Plc of UK for Rs 7,000 crore.<br /><br /> The deal, which valued the oil-to-chemical business at USD 75 billion, was to close by March 2020 but it is now expected to close within the current calendar year.<br /><br /> Reliance has pivoted away from energy to the new economy. But refining and petrochemicals are cash cows for Reliance and still account for the bulk of its EBITDA.<br /><br /> As part of the August deal, Saudi Aramco will supply 500,000 barrels per day (25 million tonnes a year) of crude on a long-term basis to RIL's Jamnagar refinery complex (more than a third of the 1.36 million bpd refining capacity).<br /><br /> The deals give Aramco and BP access to the fastest-growing refined fuels market in the world.<br /><br /> Market analyst firm Bernstein in a recent report had stated that it expects RIL to grow their petrochemical and refining business given the secular growth opportunities.<br /><br /> "While bears will argue that Reliance is stepping away from energy to digital, we see this deal as an opportunity to expand the downstream business in India with a solid partnership. For Aramco, the deal provides direct access to what is widely expected to be the fastest-growing refined oil product market over the next 20 years," it said. "For Reliance, it provides cash to fund the expansion of their digital business and further expansion of downstream capacity with an experienced partner."<br /><br /> While talks with Aramco continue, the BP deal has been finalised. Reliance's existing 1,400-odd petrol pumps, as well as 31 aviation fuel stations, will be transferred to the new joint venture where BP will hold 49 per cent equity stake. Reliance will hold the balance 51 per cent in the entity, which aims to expand the retail network to 5,500 petrol pumps in the next five years.<br /><br /> This is the third joint venture between Reliance and BP since 2011.<br /><br /> BP had in 2011 bought 30 per cent stake in 21 oil and gas exploration and production blocks of Reliance for USD 7.2 billion. At that time, another 50:50 joint venture, <keyword id="838593" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="India-Gas-Solutions">India Gas Solutions</keyword>, was set up for sourcing and marketing gas in India.<br /><br /> The country currently has 69,109 petrol pumps, with public sector retailers owning 61,811. PSU retailers have plans to double this network and have already started appointing dealers.<br /><br /> Russia's Rosneft-backed Nayara Energy, formerly Essar Oil, has 5,702 petrol pumps and has plans to scale them up to more than 7,000 in two-three years.<br /><br /> Royal Dutch Shell has 189 outlets and is slated to add 150-200 more petrol pumps.<br /><br /> BP had in 2016 received a licence from the government to set up 3,500 petrol pumps in India.<br /><br /> French energy giant Total SA too is keen on entering the Indian retail market and has tied up with Adani Group for the same.<br /><br /> The Saudi national oil company, along with its partner UAE's Abu Dabhi National Oil Co (ADNOC) has taken a 50 per cent stake in a planned USD 60-billion mega refinery-cum-petrochemical complex in Maharashtra by state-owned oil companies, and has a bullish outlook on India's energy demand and is keen on investing here.<br /><br /> Reliance operates two refineries in Jamnagar, Gujarat, with a total capacity of 68.2 million tonnes per annum.<br /><br /> It plans to expand its only-for-exports special economic zone (SEZ) refining capacity to just over 41 million tonnes from the current 35.2 million tonnes.<br /><br /> Saudi Arabia, on the other hand, is keen to get a foothold in the world's fastest-growing fuel market to get a captive customer for the crude oil it produces.<br /><br /> Crude oil is the basic raw material for the manufacturing of petrochemicals.<br /><br /> Saudi Aramco is also keen on retailing fuel in India. A refinery in India can also be a base for it to export fuel to deficit countries in Europe and the Americas.<br /><br /> India has a refining capacity of 249.9 million tonnes, which exceeded the demand of 213.7 million tonnes. <br /><br /><strong>See also:<br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/ril-rights-issue-ratio-pricing-and-value/articleshow/75474592.cms">Mukesh Ambani offers Reliance Industries shareholders 1 new share for every 15 held⁠— at a price 14% below market value</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/reliance-retails-operating-profit-grows-nearly-20-in-the-latest-fourth-quarter/articleshow/75474722.cms">Reliance Retail’s operating profit grows nearly 20% in the latest fourth quarter⁠⁠</a><br /><br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/tech-mahindras-net-profits-see-a-massive-32-drop-even-as-its-digital-business-is-treading-water-amidst-the-covid-19-crisis/articleshow/75472198.cms"><strong>Tech Mahindra’s net profits see a massive 32% drop even as its digital business is treading water amidst the COVID-19 crisis</strong></a>

Reliance to hive off $75 billion oil-to-chemicals business into separate unit for sale to Aramco

<ul class="summary-list"><li><p>Donald Trump, who is a fan of beef and fast food, is visiting India where cows are sacred among Hindus, the country's majority population.</p></li><li><p>Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who is hosting the president and First Lady Melania Trump, is vegetarian.</p></li><li>An unnamed source who has eaten with the president multiple times told <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/23/politics/donald-trump-india-beef-vegetarian/index.html">CNN</a>, "I have never seen him eat a vegetable." This sparks the question: What will Trump eat while in India? </li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul><p>Donald Trump, a lover of beef, fast food, and, of course, ketchup, is in the midst of a trip to India where cows are sacred in Hinduism, the country's most prominent religion.</p><p>Moreover, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who is hosting the president and First Lady Melania Trump, is vegetarian.</p><p>The India tour includes much fanfare during stops in the capital city of Delhi, Agra - where the Taj Mahal is located, and Modi's home state of Gujarat where he previously served as Chief Minister. The visit also includes a massive "Namaste Trump" rally at the world's largest cricket stadium, Sardar Patel Stadium near Ahmedabad, a visit to the Taj Mahal, and several meals, including a lavish spread at Rashtrapati Bhavan, India's presidential palace.</p><p>And that's where the issue arises.</p><p>Trump's widely publicized diet typically includes burgers, meatloaf, and well-done steaks.</p><p>An unnamed source who has eaten with Trump multiple times told <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/23/politics/donald-trump-india-beef-vegetarian/index.html">CNN</a>, "I have never seen him eat a vegetable." The source said the president will infrequently eat a salad, but meat is a clear preference. </p><p>Other countries such as Singapore and Saudi Arabia have tried to cater to Trump's palate during official visits, going so far as to serve lamb and other meat alternatives, if beef is not available. However, that's unlikely to happen in India - even if Trump's aides intervene to try and keep the president comfortable. Spicy or even slightly exotic foods and vegetarian meals have the opposite effect on him, according to CNN.</p><p>"I don't know what he's going to do in this case. They don't serve cheeseburgers," an unnamed ex-government official said to CNN.  </p><p>In fact, beef has been a hot-button issue for Modi and his Bharatiya Janata Party government since they took power in 2014. Although India is officially considered a secular country, Modi and his ruling party follow the ideology of a Hindu fundamentalist group called the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, which has long pushed for a nationwide ban on slaughtering cattle, <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/leezamangaldas/2017/06/05/indias-got-beef-with-beef-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-countrys-controversial-beef-ban/#1207130253c2">Forbes</a> reported. An estimated 18 states, including Gujarat, have gone ahead with the prohibition.</p><p>That means even McDonald's, Trump's fast food chain of choice, doesn't serve red meat. You'll find chicken and paneer or cottage cheese in their burgers. </p><p>The situation was reversed when Modi visited the White House in 2014 in the middle of a strict fast that he was observing for religious reasons. So he drank warm water while others ate goat cheese, halibut, and mango crème brûlée, CNN reported.</p><ul class="read-more-links"><li>Read more:</li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/trump-india-visit-photos-modi-2020-2">Trump kicked off his India visit with roaring crowds, a stop at Gandhi's home, and a massive rally</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-mispronounce-indian-cricket-legends-tendulkar-kholi-names-2020-2?r=US&amp;IR=T">Trump struggled to pronounce the names of India's two most famous sports stars at a rally to kick off his visit there</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-builds-wall-trump-avoid-seeing-slum-ahmedabad-visit-2020-2">India hastily erected a 7-foot wall so that Trump wouldn't have to see a slum on his way to a rally</a></li></ul>

'They don't serve cheeseburgers': Trump's beef-heavy diet largely consists of fast food and steak but he'll be living on vegetarian meals during his trip to India

<p><strong><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div></strong></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>Indian record label T-Series dethroned Swedish gaming vlogger PewDiePie as the most subscribed YouTube channel in March, despite a sustained campaign by Felix Kjellberg's fans to keep him on top.</strong></li><li><strong>T-Series has cemented its lead and now has 108 million subscribers on YouTube. The channel posts high-production Indian music videos that are totally different to PewDiePie's self-referential and occasionally offensive humor. </strong></li><li>Its growing popularity is largely thanks to India's love of homegrown music, and a large chunk of its 1.3 billion population gaining access to the internet for the first time via cheap Android smartphones and generous data plans.</li><li>T-Series president Neeraj Kalyan told Business Insider that YouTube is now the company's third-biggest revenue stream, and that the firm has struck licensing and partnership deals with TikTok, which has a huge Indian audience.</li><li><strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prime?module=article&amp;area=summary">Click here for more BI Prime stories</a>.</strong></li></ul><p>Neeraj Kalyan says the first time he heard of PewDiePie was when his company won a music industry award in Singapore last August.</p><p>His firm, a 36-year-old Indian record label called T-Series, was being fêted for passing the 50 million subscriber mark on its dedicated YouTube channel.</p><p>The one channel ahead of T-Series? PewDiePie, who had 65 million subscribers. PewDiePie, real name Felix Kjellberg, is 28 years old and the highest paid star on YouTube.</p><p>He has risen to fame by filming himself playing video games alongside humorous commentary, but that fame has been marred by controversy over the occasional tasteless prank and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pewdiepie-anti-semitism-jokes-controversy-explained-2017-2?r=US&amp;IR=T">remarks referencing Nazis and anti-Semitism</a>.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>His name came up again a few months later in 2018 when Kalyan took a meeting in Stockholm, handing in his business card at the hotel.</p><p>"The lady at the Sheraton in Stockholm screamed, "You are from T-Series! You're beating PewDiePie! He's from Sweden!'" says Kalyan in an interview with Business Insider.</p><p>Kalyan, the president of T-Series, is now pretty familiar with PewDiePie.</p><p><strong><em>Read more:</em>&#xa0;</strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/profile-of-2-billion-checkoutcom-and-founder-guillaume-pousaz-2019-8?r=US&amp;IR=T"><em>Here's how this college dropout spent 7 years building a profitable startup with no funding, then raised $230 million in his first round at a $2 billion valuation</em></a></p><p>His company <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pewdiepie-t-series-youtube-battle-100-million-subscribers-2019-5?r=US&amp;IR=T">would go on in March to dethrone PewDiePie as most popular YouTube channel</a>, despite a concerted campaign by Kjellberg's fans and fellow YouTubers to keep him at number one.</p><p>Five months on, T-Series has cemented its lead, with 108 million subscribers at the time of writing. PewDiePie is still gaining subscribers too, just more slowly, and sits at 98 million.</p><p>T-Series' victory was huge news in the annals of internet culture wars, but it also marked something much bigger: the world's biggest democracy coming online.</p><h2>T-Series is an Indian entertainment powerhouse, posting popular music videos to YouTube</h2><p>To the Western eye, T-Series' YouTube channel is completely different to the rest of the internet.</p><p>Its page is populated with stylised, colourful, and seemingly cheesy music videos, designed to appeal to a mass audience. There is no reference to memes or any sort of internet culture.</p><p>It completely avoids much of what makes a largely US-influenced internet tick, catering entirely to mainstream Indian interests. Some of the music videos tie into movies produced by T-Series, and cost up to $350,000 to make.</p><p>This video ties into an upcoming T-Series movie, "Saaho." Aesthetically, it's James Bond meets Disney:</p><p>It is this which baffled PewDiePie's fans, who revelled in his deeply self-referential, niche, and very internetty humour. His videos are so laced with cross-references that offensive jokes and languages are difficult to distinguish from obscure callbacks and references to memes.</p><p>Take PewDiePie's "diss tracks" about T-Series, released in the heat of the battle for subscribers and intended to play up the competition. One lyric, from the track "Bitch Lasagna," reads: "<span>Bobs or vegana, whichever will it be?</span>".</p><p>The line looks meaningless on its own, but is an apparent reference to Indian men misspelling "boobs" and "vagina" online, which originally went viral on Reddit.</p><p>In typical PewDiePie fashion, the lyric treads the line between amusing insider reference and plain offensive.</p><p>Kalyan says the two channels have totally different audiences.</p><p>"We were never in that race," he says. "But he's great. We wish him all the best - the kinds of things he does, we're not into that. It's a different audience altogether, there's no competition at all."</p><p>Relations aren't quite so friendly under the surface.</p><p>In April, T-Series won an injunction from the High Court in Delhi against PewDiePie to stop him uploading his diss tracks about T-Series to YouTube. T-Series claimed the videos, including "Bitch Lasagna" and a second video called "Congratulations," were "racist, inflammatory and hateful."</p><p>The judge, Justice Jayanth Nath, agreed and ordered the removal of the videos, describing them as "abusive, vulgar and also racist in nature."</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Neither "Bitch Lasagna" nor "Congratulations" are viewable via YouTube India, according to tests run by Business Insider using a VPN. <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/PewdiepieSubmissions/comments/bbyh1z/bitch_lasagna_and_congratulations_are_now/">Commenters on Reddit have said</a> that both videos have been unavailable since April,&#xa0; the date of the High Court order, and complained that T-Series couldn't take a joke.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>According to subsequent filings seen by Business Insider, the pair settled the matter in July 2019, although both videos remain unavailable inside India.</p><p>The terms of the settlement have not been disclosed, and T-Series did not respond to a request for clarification. The settlement has not been previously reported.</p><h2>T-Series started out recording devotional music to cassette tapes</h2><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>T-Series was founded in the 1980s by Gulshan Kumar, the son of a fruit juice vendor. The firm originally sold cassettes featuring devotional music and eventually became a record label giant with more than 3,500 employees.</p><p>According to a BBC profile, Kumar spotted an opportunity for selling religious music as ageing Hindu devotees couldn't read hymns and chants from books thanks to poor eyesight. He hired singers to record the chants, and then sold the tapes at a cheap price.</p><p>"The transition from cassette manufacturing to India''s largest music label and very successful studio, with global presence, has really not been a very easy task," says Kalyan of the firm's evolution. "It has been a long journey for us. And over the past 15 years, the content industry has seen a kind of tectonic shift primarily due to the advent in technology."</p><p>Kumar was <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/feb/11/filmnews.bollywood">assassinated in 1997 by a hit squad,</a> and his son Bhavesh took over the running of the business.</p><p><em><strong>Read more: </strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tiktok-stars-magic-singh-pavan-henna-profile-2019-4?r=US&amp;IR=T">These new TikTok influencers have millions of fans and are hustling for a fraction of the price of YouTubers</a></em></p><p>Through the 2000s, T-Series wrestled with the same issues as other major record labels - namely piracy. It found one reliable source of money in licensing its songs for ringtones in 2004. "Indians loved any sort of spiritual tones or devotional tones," says Kalyan. "I've seen people who won't change their phone wallpaper because it's been lucky for them."</p><p>Then came the firm's first encounter with YouTube - in Delhi's High Court.</p><p>"We were in litigation with YouTube, we had sued them for infringement of copyright," Kalyan says. "That was still at the time of cassettes. They claimed they were a neutral platform, so we went to court. We were the first company able to obtain an injunction from the [Indian] high court against YouTube."</p><p>This was 2007, and YouTube faced multiple lawsuits from rights holders around the world who saw their original content, usually licensed at lucrative rates, ripped and uploaded for free to the video site.</p><p>After years of litigation, T-Series' parent firm saw "good sense" and <a href="https://www.medianama.com/2011/02/223-youtube-music-label-t-series-reach-out-of-court-settlement/">came to a licensing agreement</a> with YouTube in late 2010. Prior to the suit, the firm had no presence on YouTube.</p><p>The pair agreed to a three-year revenue-share deal, splitting the money that came in through the ads on T-Series' videos. Google paid an advance upfront, which it planned to make back through its share of the revenue.</p><p>"The most interesting part was we recouped that advance in just 9 months," Kalyan says. "That was the kind of growth we experienced. It became a cash cow."</p><h2>T-Series has benefited from a huge chunk of India coming online in the last three years</h2><p>The turning point for T-Series and the wider smartphone industry was 2016, when a new Indian telecoms brand called Jio launched. Owned by a major incumbent, Reliance, Jio offered cheap data and smartphones that brought some of India's 1.3 billion-strong population online for the first time.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>"99% of India's [mobile] population has Android smartphones," says Neil Shah, an analyst at Counterpoint Research. "So YouTube is a default app. Most users have warmed up to YouTube to consume content - not just video, but music. So they're going to YouTube rather than Spotify."</p><p>According to <a href="https://imrbint.com/images/common/ICUBE%E2%84%A2_2019_Highlights.pdf">Kantar statistics from December 2018</a>, half a billion people in India are now online, driven primarily by rural growth. That is still less than half the country's total population.</p><p>Kalyan notes the impact. "In 2016, there was mobile internet available in tier one or tier two cities, but now it's in tier three to tier five cities and villages, which had never experienced internet," he says. "So now the consumer is excited, and he's experimenting with everything, and it's resulted in an increase in consumption."<span style="font-weight: 400;"></span></p><p>Here's how T-Series has steadily grown its subscribers after 2016, per data supplied to Business Insider by Tubular Labs:</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Most Western YouTubers <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-worlds-biggest-youtube-stars-are-seeing-a-massive-slowdown-2017-12?r=US&amp;IR=T">are struggling to maintain growth</a>, by contrast.</p><p>Now YouTube is T-Series' third-biggest revenue stream, after licenses to video platforms and TV channels. The music label makes money solely through ads, though Kalyan won't disclose how much.</p><p>The label has seven people who look after its various YouTube channels - 28 in total, covering different regional languages and interests - and another two or three who post the videos to Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.</p><h2>The future is TikTok and original content</h2><p>After the success of YouTube and the explosion of mobile in India, T-Series is exploring other emerging platforms, Kalyan says.&#xa0;</p><p>The company has forged deals with short-form viral video app TikTok, licensing its music for people to use in videos. India is one of TikTok's biggest markets, with <a href="https://tech.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/internet/tiktok-wants-more-diverse-creators-on-path-to-monetisation/69715867">a reported 120 million monthly active users</a> in the country. Kalyan says T-Series proactively works with TikTok influencers to help its songs go viral on the platform.</p><p>"We work with their teams, advise them on what's new, and what content we have," he says. "Our artists who are very established work with unknown influencers but have some following, they make a clip of 20 seconds integrating our music into whatever they're doing. Be it action, some dance. After that, it goes viral. And along with that virality, our music which has been synced with that clip also goes viral."</p><p>T-Series has also <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/tiktok-owner-to-start-music-service-secures-rights-from-t-series-times-music/articleshow/69421732.cms">reportedly signed on for TikTok's rumoured streaming service</a>. But Kalyan ruled out T-Series launching its own dedicated content streaming service, such as Disney+.</p><p>"We would like to remain focused only on the content," he says. "That is our strength. The next step for us is films, which we've been able to master over the last three years. Before we used to moonlight with one or two films, but now we have 20 big-scale Bollywood films every year. We don't want to be in the space of launching our own platform, we don't want to compete with our own licenses."<span style="font-weight: 400;"></span></p><p>It's likely that the T-Series vs. PewDiePie battle is simply the first of many consequences of a 1.3 billion population coming online. A look at the top YouTube channels by subscribers shows at least seven Indian channels in the top 100, including SET India and Zee Music. That might mean further culture clashes as a hugely diverse base of Indian users begin using US platforms more frequently.</p><p>It's perhaps the first time a new online population threatens the Americanized focus of the internet. The only other internet population big enough to potentially shape global internet culture in this way is China, but that's been walled off in its own online ecosystem for years. PewDiePie and his memes may have only a limited time in the spotlight.</p><div></div><div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/after-bumped-off-flight-heres-what-need-know-legally-department-transportation-fly-airplane-airline-2017-4">Here's what airlines legally owe you if you're bumped off a flight</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

You Searched For "cow business gujarat" and got 4 results

Dead cows make up for Rs 1,200-crore business in Gujarat

BI India Bureau

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How T-Series went from making cassette tapes to dethroning PewDiePie and becoming the biggest channel on YouTube

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