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<ul class="summary-list"><li>This post originally appeared in the Insider Today newsletter.</li></ul>Happy Friday! Looking for a new way to jumpstart your mornings? (Besides reading this newsletter, of course.) Retired Navy SEAL Jocko Willink <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-navy-seal-military-morning-routine-helps-him-in-business-2024-10">shared his daily routine</a> that keeps the now-business owner focused.Speaking of new, we've got a cool tool for you to play around with: AI-powered search. We're using generative AI to help easily find all of our great stories. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/">Check it out on our homepage</a>.In today's big story, inside Amazon's internal pitch for turning to nuclear power <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-nuclear-power-strategy-ai-2024-10">to meet its growing energy needs</a>.What's on deck:<ul><li>Markets: <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/tesla-stock-price-q3-earnings-elon-musk-profit-margins-guidance-2024-10">Tesla's stock had a monster day</a> following its stellar earnings report.</li><li>Tech: In an exclusive interview, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/marc-benioff-salesforce-ceo-interview-microsoft-ai-threatens-crm-lead-2024-10">Marc Benioff bashes Microsoft's Copilot</a>.</li><li>Business: The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-going-on-with-economy-jobs-inflation-election-voting-2024-10">good and bad about the economy</a> less than two weeks from the election.</li></ul>But first, let's power up.If this was forwarded to you, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/subscription/newsletter/insider-today">sign up here.</a><h3 id="7fa5f018-5b05-4a37-a8dc-d3f89138bcb3">The big story</h3><h2 id="5fd547b9-ec52-41fc-8e08-4f4b27dd8097">Nuclear needs</h2><div type="image" title="Amazon logo with smoke coming out." height="1250" width="2500" msid="114590276" hostid="261" sizebytes="87984"></div>What's bigger than tech's ambitious plans for generative AI? The amount of energy needed to power it.That's led Big Tech to consider nuclear power to address its skyrocketing energy requirements.Business Insider's Eugene Kim has a report on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-nuclear-power-strategy-ai-2024-10">how Amazon navigates its nuclear ambitions</a>. In a signal of how serious Amazon is about going nuclear, the company pitched the energy source to CEO Andy Jassy this June, according to a company document he obtained.Since then, Amazon has led a $500 million financing round for a company developing modular nuclear reactors. It also agreed to purchase power from Talen Energy's nuclear-powered data center in March.And it's not alone.Microsoft and Google have invested in the sector, and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman backed a nuclear reactor startup.The stakes are high for tech players to get energy. Eugene previously reported on how Amazon's dreams of building a data center empire <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-data-centers-delays-costs-power-labor-shortages-aws-ai-2024-10">face the realities of electricity, water, and labor constraints</a>.Should those data center efforts continue to struggle, companies' big bets on generative AI could also falter.<div type="image" title="Protesters at Three Mile Island." height="470" width="700" msid="114590280" hostid="261" sizebytes="35920"></div>A tech-nuclear relationship is mutually beneficial.Tech companies need cost-efficient, reliable energy sources <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/google-nuclear-power-ai-data-centers-2024-10">that won't increase their carbon footprint</a>, writes BI's Hasan Chowdhury. Nuclear power ticks that box better than other clean energy options like solar or wind.Nuclear power, meanwhile, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/data-centers-amazon-ai-nuclear-power-grid-2024-5">is an industry in desperate need of some love</a>, BI's Daniel Geiger and Ellen Thomas previously reported. With at least one commercial nuclear plant closing every year since 2013, the sector has welcomed the interest."We're seeing customers approach us at a rate that we haven't seen in my history with this industry," Jim Burke, CEO of nuclear owner Vistra, said back in March.Naturally, there are skeptics. A byproduct of nuclear power is radioactive waste. The transportation and storage of that remains a hot-button issue. High-profile incidents involving power plants like Chernobyl and Fukushima also drew criticism and stoked fears around the globe.Big Tech hasn't shied away from it. In September, Microsoft cut a deal with Constellation Energy to get power from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/three-mile-island-nuclear-plant-reopens-power-microsoft-ai-push-2024-9">part of the Three Mile Island nuclear plant</a>, home to the worst commercial nuclear accident in US history.<h3 id="77f31a4c-8462-4e3d-a71f-838cb79493fb">News brief</h3><h2 id="1fcd294b-3f53-425f-9f20-4093e8623b59">Top headlines</h2><ul><li>Exclusive: Maven Clinic is swapping out its finance chiefs <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mavens-cfo-out-as-womens-health-startup-gets-fresh-funding-2024-10">as the women's health unicorn looks ahead to an IPO</a>.</li><li>The 'whale' placing huge bets on a Trump win is a French national with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/polymarket-donald-trump-betting-odds-whale-french-trader-harris-polls-2024-10">extensive trading experience</a>.</li><li>The New York Liberty celebrated its first-ever championship and record-breaking WNBA season <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-liberty-wnba-championship-parade-photos-2024-10">with a jubilant party</a>.</li><li>Former Avenue employee accused of 'blackmailing' billionaire Marc Lasry countersues, claiming sexual harassment <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/billionaire-marc-lasry-accused-of-sexual-harassment-in-countersuit-2024-10">including forced kissing, groping, and comments about her body</a>.</li><li>Putin once asked Elon Musk to not activate Starlink over Taiwan as a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-elon-musk-starlink-taiwan-china-favor-xi-jinping-report-2024-10">favor to Xi Jinping</a>: report.</li></ul><h2 id="8120060b-ae66-48dc-b149-f0489a30ffa2">3 things in markets</h2><div type="image" title="Name plates on blue background" height="900" width="1200" msid="114590272" hostid="261" sizebytes="60254"></div><ol><li>Welcome to the world of hedge funds, where job titles are made up and don't matter. Unlike its Wall Street peers, the $4.3 trillion hedge-fund industry <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/an-inside-look-at-hedge-fund-job-titles-2024-10">has little uniformity regarding titles</a>. The naming free-for-all means employees and hiring managers can take advantage of using trumped-up titles.</li><li>Tesla's stock just went from 0 to 60. Shares of the EV giant <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/elon-musk-net-worth-gains-tesla-stock-price-earnings-tsla-2024-10">finished the day up almost 22%</a> after Wednesday's strong earnings report. Elon Musk added $30 billion to his net worth from the spike.</li><li>The election's biggest risk to the market isn't who wins but how long it takes to decide. BlackRock Investment Institute head Jean Boivin said <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/us-presidential-election-trump-harris-outlook-volatility-stock-sell-off-2024-10">a contested election would be bad news for investors</a>. He's not alone in his concerns, as others have pointed to short-term volatility when results were delayed in 2020 and 2000.</li></ol><h2 id="f4b54806-7f81-450c-ba32-92560d4fae9b">3 things in tech</h2><div type="image" title="Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff." height="1333" width="2000" msid="114590275" hostid="261" sizebytes="41956"></div><ol><li>Marc Benioff isn't buying Microsoft's AI hype. In an exclusive interview with BI, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/marc-benioff-salesforce-ceo-interview-microsoft-ai-threatens-crm-lead-2024-10">the Salesforce CEO bashed Microsoft's AI Copilot</a>, calling it inaccurate and dubbing the tool "Clippy 2.0." Benioff's diss came after Microsoft recently announced new Dynamics 365 AI agents, directly competing with a new Salesforce product available today.</li><li>Keep your eyes on these 13 creator-economy startups. New startups are finding ways to break into an industry dominated by Big Tech. BI asked venture capitalists which new creator companies they felt showed promise. From advertising platforms to AI tech companies, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/promising-creator-economy-influencer-marketing-startups-per-top-vcs-2024-10">here's the startups to watch</a>.</li><li>A longtime safety researcher left OpenAI. Miles Brundage, who advised OpenAI leadership on safety and policy, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/another-safety-researcher-is-leaving-openai-2024-10">announced his departure</a> on X. The AGI Readiness team he oversaw will also be disbanded. Brundage's exit is the latest in a string of high-profile departures from the startup.</li></ol><h2 id="9260fa45-d397-4b3c-b4f8-4bb193976216">3 things in business</h2><div type="image" title="Ben Franklin flag on red background" height="900" width="1200" msid="114590270" hostid="261" sizebytes="100740"></div><ol><li>Here's what's going on with the economy ahead of the election. For many Americans, the state of the economy is top of mind heading into the polls. The good news? <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-going-on-with-economy-jobs-inflation-election-voting-2024-10">It's doing broadly well</a>. The unemployment rate remains relatively low, and inflation has slowed. Still, other not-so-great data points have voters feeling pessimistic.</li><li>The housing crisis, as explained by two swing states. Renters and homeowners in swing states have been disproportionately affected by rising housing costs. Two states, Pennsylvania and Arizona, exemplify the problem. While Arizona's population is surging, Pennsylvania's is shrinking — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/arizona-pennsylvania-swing-state-home-prices-surge-housing-shortage-2024-10">and neither can build enough homes</a>.</li><li>Behind the scenes of Emma Tucker's Wall Street Journal makeover. Tucker joined the legacy outlet in 2023 with a focus on diversifying and growing the paper's subscriber base. So far, it seems to be working, with subscriptions increasing by 11% over the past year. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-journal-editor-emma-tucker-interview-peter-kafka-2024-10">She spoke with BI about how she's remaking the paper</a> — including reorganizing and cutting staff.</li></ol><h2 id="1ad7b482-3f4b-44b4-81b6-a864aa386478">In other news</h2><ul><li>Jensen Huang says <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jensen-huang-tsmc-helped-fix-design-flaw-with-nvidias-blackwell-2024-10">a design flaw with Nvidia's Blackwell chips has been fixed</a> — with TSMC's help.</li><li>Why some CEOs are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jamie-dimon-bill-gates-ceo-avoid-criticizing-trump-2024-10">afraid of publicly criticizing Trump</a>.</li><li>Norway wants to ban under-15s from social media, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/norway-ban-social-media-kids-under-15-backfire-2024-10">expects an 'uphill battle.'</a></li></ul><h2 id="9f5d80ac-3466-429f-a50a-2ffbb70c65ff">What's happening today</h2><ul><li>Former Abercrombie &amp; Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries will be arraigned on sex trafficking charges in federal court.</li><li>SpaceX's Crew-8 mission crew returns to Earth today.</li></ul>The Insider Today team: Dan DeFrancesco, deputy editor and anchor, in New York. Jordan Parker Erb, editor, in New York. Hallam Bullock, senior editor, in London. Milan Sehmbi, fellow, in London.

Big Tech goes nuclear: Amazon's pitch to use power plants shows the crucial role the energy source plays for AI

For centuries, humanity has gawked skyward, pondering the existence of life beyond our pale blue dot. As captivating as the Netflix show 3 Body Problem was, it also gave us a sense of just how terrifyingly advanced the unknown can be. And now, a groundbreaking discovery has sent shivers of excitement through the scientific community — the potential identification of seven stars that could be harbouring colossal <keyword id="21712698" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="alien-megastructures" source="keywords">alien megastructures</keyword>. <keyword id="21712697" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Dyson-Spheres" source="keywords">Dyson Spheres</keyword>, a shell or swarm of objects built by an advanced civilisation to capture the immense energy output of a star, were first proposed by physicist Freeman Dyson in 1960. While many dismissed these imaginary behemoths as something that would fit better in a sci-fi story, some think that these megastructures are key targets in the search for <keyword id="21712699" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Extraterrestrial-Intelligence" source="keywords">Extraterrestrial Intelligence</keyword>. The "Boyajian's Star" sparked wild speculation about alien megastructures back in 2018, only to turn out to be a case of cosmic dust causing a stir. But the hunt for these hypothetical Dyson Spheres is still very much on. Astronomers on the prowl for these alien megastructures typically rely on two key methods: looking for dips in a star's brightness as the structure passes by and searching for an excess of <keyword id="20166748" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="infrared-light" source="keywords">infrared light</keyword>, potentially radiating from the structure itself. However, that infrared light can also come from dusty leftovers from star formation or even super-smashing collisions between space rocks. This makes things tricky, especially when you consider most stars expected to have these discs are younger ones. That's why two new studies found something interesting: they spotted stars with excess infrared light, some older than expected! <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Sifting through cosmic oddities" comment="subhead" text="Sifting through cosmic oddities">Sifting through cosmic oddities</cmsannotation> Project Hephaistos, an international endeavour involving scientists from Sweden, India, the US and the UK, has taken a massive leap forward in this quest. After meticulously sifting through data from the European Space Agency's Gaia star map, the 2MASS infrared survey, and NASA's WISE space telescope, scientists have collectively surveyed five million distant solar systems using 'neural network' algorithms. One of the aforementioned studies identified 53 stars with way more infrared than expected, including some older stars that become more intriguing candidates for Dyson Spheres. But before we start sending out invitations to an intergalactic potluck, these stars need further investigation to determine their exact ages and eliminate more mundane explanations (dust clouds, anyone?). The second study focused on a different kind of Dyson Sphere — an incomplete one. They found seven M-dwarf stars (smaller, cooler stars than our Sun) with unexpected infrared signals. This is particularly interesting because M-dwarfs rarely have debris discs, which could explain the infrared. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Aliens or cosmic anomalies?" comment="subhead" text="Aliens or cosmic anomalies?">Aliens or cosmic anomalies? </cmsannotation>These M-dwarf stars pose a fascinating puzzle. Are they young stars with unusual properties, or something completely new? The truth is, we don't quite know yet. There are several explanations for the weird infrared readings, none of them definitively pointing toward aliens. Regardless, the implications are staggering. If these infrared excesses are indeed signatures of Dyson spheres, it wouldn't just confirm the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe. It would unveil a civilisation far surpassing our own in technological prowess. The Kardashev Scale, a method for classifying civilisations based on their energy utilisation, suggests these potential alien societies have reached a Level II or higher, capable of manipulating their environment on an astronomical scale! Alternatively, the hunt for Dyson Spheres is leading us to strange and wonderful cosmic oddities. Even if these stars don't turn out to be alien megastructures, they're helping us understand our universe better. And who knows, maybe someday we'll find that smoking gun, that undeniable proof that we're not alone. But for now, let's keep our expectations cautiously optimistic as we explore the cosmos. The first study’s findings have been detailed in pre-print server<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.18941"> arXiv</a>, while the second has been accepted for publication in the<a href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stae1186/7665761?login=false"> Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</a>.

Scientists think they’ve spotted 60 potential alien power plants in the Milky Way!

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Eating lots of plant-based protein can help you build lean muscle and boost gut health.</li><li>Gut health experts recommend eating 30 different plant foods a week.</li></ul>A plant-based personal trainer shared three recipes that help her reach her <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/diet-nutrition/how-much-protein-do-you-need">protein</a>, fiber, and plant diversity goals in one.Sophie Waplington, who is based in the UK and is also a recipe developer, told Business Insider she buys the same staple ingredients each week, such as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/follow-blue-zone-diet-high-protein-no-meat-2023-9">beans, nuts, chickpeas, tofu, and seeds</a>, and switches up her fruit and veggies according to what's in season.These plant-based staples <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gi-doctor-shares-3-tips-to-eat-more-fiber-without-bloating-or-gas-2024-5">contain fiber</a>, which feeds the "good" microbes in the gut, but are also good sources of protein. This helps Waplington build muscle and care for her gut health without too much thought."The beauty of being 100% plant-based is you don't really have to think about fiber that much because all of your plant protein sources contain fiber as well as your vegetables, your fruits, your veggies," she said.Research suggests that the wider the variety of plants you eat the healthier your gut microbiome — the trillions of microbes that live in the gut — tends to be. Gut health experts recommend aiming for <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/plant-based-shopping-list-dietitian-no-meal-prep-2024-3">30 plants a week</a>. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gut-health-boost-overall-digestion-better-moods-2024-7">A diverse gut microbiome</a> is linked to many health benefits beyond just better digestion, from a stronger immune system to a healthier brain.Meanwhile, getting enough protein is essential for health, but particularly if you're looking to build or maintain muscle. The US government recommends women get a minimum of around 46 grams of protein per day, rising to 56g for men — or around 0.36 g of protein per pound of body weight. But data suggests getting<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-protein-maximize-muscle-gains-2022-9https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-protein-maximize-muscle-gains-2022-9"> 0.7 grams per pound is ideal</a> for building lean muscle.Waplington shared three high-protein recipes that will get you to 30 plants a week in no time.Dietitian Nichola Ludlam-Raine said the recipes were great for getting in lots of vegetables as well as lean protein and fiber. "There are lots of different flavors involved (spices count as plants!), and I approve of the serving suggestion, too," she told BI via email.<h2 id="5ba62947-bb6a-4b38-9202-c11300f70913">One-pan 'English breakfast' beans</h2><div type="image" title="Waplington's one-pan 'English breakfast' beans. Pictured is a bowl of white beans in sauce, garnished with tomatoes and fresh herbs." height="5308" width="3981" msid="112626600" hostid="261" sizebytes="1629552"></div>Serves: Four generouslyTotal time: 35 to 40 minutesProtein per serving: 21gPlant count: nineIngredients:<ul><li>1 white onion, sliced</li><li>1 leek, white and light green parts, sliced into half-moons</li><li>4 tbsp extra virgin olive oil, plus more if needed</li><li>250g (9oz) chestnut mushrooms, finely chopped</li><li>5 garlic cloves, minced</li><li>2 tsp smoked paprika</li><li>1 tsp ground cumin</li><li>1 tsp ground coriander</li><li>700g (1lb 9oz) white beans, plus their juices (if the bean juice is not salted, add ½ vegetable stock cube, crumbled)</li><li>3 to 4 medium tomatoes, sliced</li></ul>For the scramble sauce:<ul><li>35g (1¼oz) cashews or sunflower seeds</li><li>280g (10oz) silken tofu</li><li>20g (¾oz) nutritional yeast</li><li>1 garlic clove or 1 tsp garlic powder</li><li>1 tsp smoked paprika</li><li>1 tbsp sweet white miso</li><li>1 tbsp lemon juice</li><li>1 tsp Dijon mustard</li><li>Salt and black pepper</li></ul>To serve:<ul><li>Freshly chopped chives</li><li>Sourdough toast</li></ul>Method:<ol><li>Start by soaking the cashews in boiling water for 10 minutes. Drain and set aside.</li></ol><ol start="2"><li>In an ovenproof casserole dish on a medium heat, fry the onion and leeks in plenty of extra virgin olive oil with a pinch of salt and lots of black pepper for eight minutes or until it starts caramelizing.</li></ol><ol start="3"><li>Add the mushrooms and more salt, and fry until the water has evaporated. Add the garlic and spices, and more oil if needed. Fry for another two minutes until aromatic.</li></ol><ol start="4"><li>Add the beans and their juices. At this point, if you don't want to use the bean water, you can replace it with 100ml (3½fl oz) hot water, with the veg stock cube dissolved in it. Stir to combine and season to taste.</li></ol><ol start="5"><li>In a small blender cup, blend all the ingredients for the scramble sauce together. Add a little water if needed to loosen the sauce slightly so it's a pourable consistency. Add to the pan. Stir well and season to taste, adding a little more lemon juice, salt or pepper if needed.</li></ol><ol start="6"><li>Heat the grill to its top setting, then arrange the tomatoes on top of the dish, drizzle with olive oil, and add a little salt, then transfer to the top rack and grill for around six to 10 minutes, or until the tomatoes start to catch a small char. This will vary greatly depending on the size of your pan, the strength of your oven, and placement near the top of the grill, so do keep an eye on it as the tomatoes can burn very quickly.</li></ol><ol start="7"><li>Top with fresh chives and serve with sourdough toast.</li></ol><h2 id="278902ef-74fc-4d64-ad2e-ba84ced29913">Tofu Power Bowl with quinoa, broccoli, and edamame</h2><div type="image" title="Waplington's tofu power bowl with quinoa, broccoli, and edamame. Pictured is a bowl of crispy tofu, edamame, and other vegetables from above." height="1494" width="1179" msid="112626596" hostid="261" sizebytes="199974"></div>Serves: TwoTotal time: 30 minsProtein per serving: 34gPlant count: 10Ingredients:<ul><li>300g firm tofu</li><li>2 tsp cornstarch</li><li>150g broccoli (Waplingston uses Tenderstem)</li><li>1-2 spring onions, white parts finely chopped</li><li>60g edamame</li><li>150g dried tricolor quinoa, cooked</li><li>1/2 a vegan stock cube or 1/2 a tbsp vegetable bullion</li></ul>For the sauce:<ul><li>2 tbsp sriracha</li><li>2 tbsp soy sauce or tamari</li><li>1 tsp crushed garlic, 1 tsp crushed ginger</li><li>juice of one lime</li><li>1/2 tsp sesame oil</li></ul>To serve:<ul><li>Sesame seeds</li><li>Coriander leaves</li><li>Fresh chiles</li><li>Avocado slices</li></ul>Method:<ol><li>Put the quinoa on to boil in a medium saucepan, and cook according to the packet instructions with half a tablespoon of vegetable bouillon powder or the half a stock cube.</li></ol><ol start="2"><li>In a small bowl, mix the sauce marinade ingredients together and set aside.</li></ol><ol start="3"><li>Press the tofu, or give it a good squeeze, wrapped in kitchen paper or a tea towel. Break the tofu into small chunks with your hands.</li></ol><ol start="4"><li>Toss in the cornstarch and fry in a non-stick saucepan on a medium heat in olive oil for a few minutes, turning every now and then until the edges are golden. Add the spicy salty sauce you mixed up earlier, cover well and turn down the heat. Move the chunks around the pan until the sauce is thick and glossy. Take off the heat.</li></ol><ol start="5"><li>Lightly fry off the broccoli and spring onion until bright green, in olive oil with a pinch of salt.</li></ol><ol start="6"><li>Assemble quinoa first, then broccoli, tofu, and the toppings.</li></ol><h2 id="2f7671d4-b4ba-4b1d-a5f7-27ed1e884857">Ultimate chickpea smash sandwiches</h2><div type="image" title="Waplington's ultimate chickpea smash sandwiches pictured. She is holding two sandwiches, one on top of the other, on a blue plate." height="1551" width="904" msid="112626859" hostid="261" sizebytes="100586"></div>Serves: Makes three sandwichesTotal time: 20 minsProtein per serving: 44gPlant count: 11Ingredients:<ul><li>200g (4 oz) firm smoked tofu</li><li>2 to 3 medium-large tomatoes</li><li>6 to 8 lettuce leaves</li><li>1 large ripe avocado</li><li>6 slices of wholewheat sourdough bread</li><li>6 tbsp plant-based (or other) cream cheese</li></ul>For the chickpea smash mixture:<ul><li>480g (1lb 1oz) chickpeas from a can or jar, drained and rinsed</li><li>4 spring onions, finely chopped</li><li>3 tbsp tahini</li><li>2 tsp Dijon mustard</li><li>2 tbsp chopped sun-dried tomatoes, plus 1 tbsp oil from the jar</li><li>1 tbsp chopped red chile (optional)</li><li>3 tbsp chopped fresh parsley</li><li>Juice of 1 lemon (about 3 tbsp)</li><li>½ tsp salt, plus more to taste</li><li>Lots of freshly ground black pepper</li></ul>Method:<ol><li>In a large mixing bowl, combine all the chickpea smash ingredients and mash with a potato masher or fork until they are well mixed. Season to taste. Leave in the fridge whilst you prep the rest.</li></ol><ol start="2"><li>Thinly slice the tofu, tomato, and avocado. Separate, wash, and dry the lettuce leaves.</li></ol><ol start="3"><li>Toast the sourdough, then drizzle with a little olive oil and season with a small pinch of sea salt.</li></ol><ol start="4"><li>Layer three slices of sourdough with the chickpea smash, then the remaining slices with the cream cheese, then the lettuce leaves, tomato slices, tofu and avocado slices. Carefully sandwich the two layers together, wrap up, slice down the middle with a serrated knife.</li></ol>

3 quick, high-protein plant-based recipes that help a personal trainer build muscle and boost her gut health  

Emissions from residential cooking and heating, power generation, and industries together contribute up to 60 per cent of India's PM2.5 pollution, with about 80 per cent of this coming from <keyword id="23824528" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="fossil-fuel-combustion" source="keywords">fossil fuel combustion</keyword>, a new study has found. The peer-reviewed study, published in MDPI's "Air" journal, suggests dividing India into 15 airsheds based on regional climate and pollution sources. An airshed is a geographic area where <keyword id="53848" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="air-quality" source="Orion">air quality</keyword> is influenced by common factors such as wind patterns and pollution sources. Since pollution can spread across regions, the <keyword id="22077484" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="airshed-approach" source="keywords">airshed approach</keyword> promotes coordinated action among states. "Residential cooking and heating, power generation, and all other industries together are responsible for 40-60 per cent of the PM2.5 pollution in all the airsheds, and approximately 80 per cent of the pollution comes from fossil fuel burning sources," said Sarath Guttikunda, lead author of the study and founder of UrbanEmissions.info. The study said biomass burning, including post-harvest crop residue burning, contributed less than 3 per cent to annual PM2.5 levels while transport accounted for 5-10 per cent in all airsheds. PM2.5 are fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or less, about the width of a human hair. These are so small that these can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, posing significant health risks. An analysis of PM2.5 trends from 1998 to 2020, along with state-level data on fuel consumption, energy demand and emissions, revealed that 11 of the 15 airsheds were critical for India's air quality management and required coordinated interventions. The Indo-Gangetic Plains remain the most polluted region, with significant emissions from residential cooking and heating (especially in winter), power plants, brick kilns (driven by construction demand), waste burning, dust and vehicular movement for passengers and freight. The plateau region between the Eastern and Western Ghats, India's second most populated area, has seen the highest rise in annual PM2.5 pollution during this period, the study said. "This is an indication of the growing urbanisation and demand for transport, industrial, and commercial amenities," it said. Coastal areas, vital to India's industrial economy, have also experienced rising pollution despite the moderating effects of land-sea breezes. This increase is attributed to growing shipping emissions and overall industrial growth in cities such as Mundra, Surat, Mumbai, Goa, Mangalore, Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram, Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Paradip and Haldia.

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