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<ul><li><keyword id="68723" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bastar">Bastar</keyword> the most “sensitive” constituency goes into polls today, with 80,000 security personnel guarding the polling booths. </li><li>Just days before the elections, a BJP MLA and four security personnel were killed in a Naxalite attack. </li><li>Both Bihar and Odisha too have been put under high alert.</li></ul>As voting commences in India, security has been tightened in polling booths across the country. But there are some polling booths, which are still marred by the blood stains caused by left-wing extremism. With just one seat to offer in the Lok Sabha, Bastar, <keyword id="45326" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chattisgarh">Chattisgarh</keyword> has 80,000 security personnel guarding the voters. Just days before the polling started, an attack by guerilla attackers in <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/several-killed-including-bjp-mla-bhima-mandavi-in-ied-blast-in-dantewada/article26782767.ece">Dantewada</a>, in the same constituency, killed BJP state legislator, Bheema Mandavi, and four security personnel. The state which has been the hotbed of left-wing extremism, also known as Maoism named after the founder of the Communist Party of China, saw an encounter on April 10, between the police and Naxalites in the Rajnandgaon District in Chattisgarh. Days before the <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections-2019/chhattisgarh/news/maoists-ask-voters-in-bastar-to-boycott-polls-support-kashmir-separatism/articleshow/68787718.cms">election</a>, the maoists had also given out handwritten posters to villagers asking them to boycott the elections. The voter turnout in Bastar was 59% in the last general elections five years ago. India’s red corridor reflects the eastern, central and southern districts that have been most affected by the Naxalist-Maoist insurgency. While Bastar is the “most sensitive” constituency voting today, Bihar too has been under high security. Three <a href="https://www.newdelhitimes.com/2-ied-1-local-made-bomb-recovered-in-bihar/">bombs</a> were discovered in Bihar’s Gaya constituency just hours before the polling booths opened. The bombs which were placed near a government school were defused. On March 28, Maoists had also blown up ex-Bihar Legislative Council member Anuj Kumar Singh’s in Gaya, while <a href="https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/maoists-blow-up-ex-bihar-mlcs-house-call-for-poll-ban">asking voters</a> to boycott the elections. Security has also been beefed up in Telangana. In the state alone, over 5,749 polling stations have been marked as highly sensitive. Over <a href="https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/100419/70000-cops-to-guard-lok-sabha-elections-in-telangana.html">70,000</a> police forces have been deployed for the polling booths in the state. A similar situation hovers around the state of Odisha, where the <keyword id="7518639" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Maoist-Constituencies">maoist constituencies</keyword> including Malkangiri, Koraput, Rayagada, Nabarangpur, Kalahandi, Nuapada and Gajapati districts have been put under high alert. The Border Security Force in the state has asked voters to vote without fear and to <a href="https://odishatv.in/odisha/cast-votes-without-fear-bsf-tells-people-in-maoist-hit-odisha-363154">send </a>out a message to maoists by voting. See Also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/lok-sabha-elections-2019-west-bengal-voting-begins/articleshow/68824684.cms">Elections 2019: Voting begins in West Bengal amid simmering communal tensions that have polarised the state’s population</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/general-election-2019-afspa-top-issue-in-5-states-voting-today/articleshow/68823814.cms">A brutal military law is among the core election issues in at least 5 Indian states voting today</a>

Elections 2019: These are the constituencies affected by Maoist violence that will vote today

<ul><li>In a joint report by the <keyword id="6355833" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="united-nations">United Nations</keyword> (UN) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), <keyword id="3658" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword>'s education system has shown a surge in <keyword id="49770" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sanitation">sanitation</keyword> facilities. </li><li>Until a decade ago, it was only half the schools with some sort of solution which has now increased to nearly all the schools in India having some sort of sanitation facility on campus. </li><li>While this may be good news, India still has a long way to go in terms of providing even the most basic of hygiene solutions in schools.</li></ul>India’s education system, until recently, was plagued by the absence of sanitation facilities. But, as per a <a href="https://data.unicef.org/resources/wash-in-schools/" data-type="tilCustomLink">new joint report</a> by the the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), the scenario has changed drastically. As per their analysis, nearly all of India’s school now have some sort of sanitation facility. Until a decade ago, it was only half the schools in the country that had any sort of hygiene facilities on campus. In a country like India, sanitation facilities play a key role in boosting female attendance in schools while also creating a healthy learning environment. According to the report, the girls are more likely to miss school when they are on their period if no washroom is provided. That’s five days a month culminating to almost two whole months in a year. Dedicated washrooms are generally frowned upon in rural areas due to societal perception of solid waste as unsanitary within the areas where people live. India’s Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan (SBA), a mission to clean up the streets and add sanitation <keyword id="17408" type="DOMAIN" weightage="20" keywordseo="infrastructure">infrastructure</keyword> to Indian cities, could be considered the driving force behind increasing awareness that thwarting that misconception. Sanitation and India Progress on this front meets goal 6 of the <keyword id="879547" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="sustainable-development-goals">sustainable development goals</keyword> (SDGs) which addresses clean water and sanitation. More specifically, goal 6 has a target of ending <keyword id="6394194" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="open-defecation">open defecation</keyword> by 2030. More than that, the increase in sanitation facilities meets goal 4, which ensures inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all. That being said, the reality of the situation is a little bittersweet. Despite nationally issued guideline on menstrual waste management, only 66% of the schools in India have some sort of menstrual hygiene education integrated into their school curriculum. While looking into how many schools have bins with lids for the disposal of sanitary materials, the percentages varied from state to state. Developed areas like Chandigarh have bins with lids across 98% of the schools whereas their less-developed counterparts like Chattisgarh only have a 36% coverage. On top of that, Mizoram is the only state to have functional incinerators for the disposal of sanitary waste in more than 50% of its schools. Even as something as basic as safe drinking water is only present in 30% of the schools in India. And, only-third of the schools have some form of the most basic types of toilet facilities. While, the increase and pace of sanitation is encouraging, there are still 900 million children in India who go to school without having anywhere to even <keyword id="387262" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="WASH">wash</keyword> their hands.

Nearly all of India’s schools have some sort of sanitation facility, but is that enough?

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Elections 2019: These are the constituencies affected by Maoist violence that will vote today

Sanchita Dash

Nearly all of India’s schools have some sort of sanitation facility, but is that enough?

Prabhjote Gill

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