<ul class="summary-list"><li>Reps. Clyde and Greene railed against their party's newly-approved congressional lines in <keyword id="11931393" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="georgia" source="Orion">Georgia</keyword>.</li><li>Clyde was drawn out of his district, while more liberal areas were added to Greene's seat.</li></ul>The Republican-controlled Georgia General Assembly last Monday finalized its congressional maps for the upcoming decade, making minor changes in many of the districts but <a href="https://www.ajc.com/politics/georgia-passes-map-that-aims-to-gain-republicans-a-seat-in-congress/Z4BGWXEWMRFENFZFPQKXGOXJCE/">dramatically shifting</a> a suburban Atlanta district from one currently occupied by a Democrat to one that would have backed former President Donald Trump in 2020.As a result of the legislature's changes, Georgia's congressional delegation is expected to add a new Republican member and lose a Democrat — altering its current composition of 8 Republicans and 6 Democrats — in a state that now-President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-biden-wins-georgia-democratic-party-south-presidential-election-2020-11">won</a> last fall by roughly 12,000 votes out of almost 5 million ballots cast.Rep. <keyword id="12627440" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="lucy-mcbath" source="Orion">Lucy McBath</keyword>, who was first elected in 2018 in a suburban Atlanta district that fell out of favor with the Republican brand over the last decade, saw her district become deeply Republican under the new lines — which led her to switch races and challenge fellow Democrat <keyword id="12627441" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="carolyn-bourdeaux" source="Orion">Carolyn Bourdeaux</keyword> in a neighboring district.Democrats are dismayed by the new Republican-dominated 6th Congressional district, arguing that the map <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/2020-census-georgias-minority-populations-have-surged/SLZIWRHNE5CMDJR2EDMRD42ZDY/">dilutes</a> minority strength in the rapidly-diversifying state.But in a twist, conservative GOP Reps. <keyword id="12627439" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="andrew-clyde" source="Orion">Andrew Clyde</keyword> and <keyword id="11917797" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="marjorie-taylor-greene" source="Orion">Marjorie Taylor Greene</keyword> have also been critical of their party's mapmaking machinations, <a href="https://www.ajc.com/politics/politics-blog/the-jolt-reps-clyde-and-greene-hammer-gop-redistricting-process/DKMVHCB3ANCD7DMDUMFAOAMOIE/">which was first reported by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a>.In a quest to press their partisan advantage, state Republicans drew Clyde out of his 9th district seat and reconfigured Greene's 14th district to include liberal-leaning areas of Cobb County, a former GOP stronghold near Atlanta that has trended Democratic in recent years.Members are not required by law to live within the congressional districts that they represent.Clyde said last week that he would run again in the 9th district, but wasn't pleased about the action taken by the legislature."I believe this was a purposeful decision made by a handful of establishment politicians in Atlanta. I knew when I was elected that being a hardcore conservative would come at a steep price in Washington. I have always happily paid that price in the name of freedom," <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Clyde4Congress">he wrote in a statement on Facebook</a>."What I never anticipated was the unprecedented act of being drawn out of my own district by a Republican Lieutenant Governor and a Republican Speaker of the House," he added.Greene, who has had <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-meijer-marjorie-taylor-greene-mask-mandates-coronavirus-pandemic-2021-5">a highly controversial tenure</a> in the House since taking office this year, <a href="https://twitter.com/bluestein/status/1462942661728423936">expressed last week</a> that the process didn't represent the wishes of the people of Georgia.The congresswoman wasn't drawn out of her district, but she remained dissatisfied with the new lines."In the future, this year's <keyword id="11940458" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="redistricting" source="Orion">redistricting</keyword> by the Georgia GOP will prove to be a fool's errand that was led by power obsessed state legislators. Not true representatives of the People of Georgia," she said in a statement.While both districts have been reshaped in ways that are troubling to the duo — both seats remain heavily Republican and their reelection bids should be secure.

Republican Reps. Andrew Clyde and Marjorie Taylor Greene knock GOP-led redistricting process in Georgia

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Democrat <keyword id="9842660" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="carolyn-bourdeaux">Carolyn Bourdeaux</keyword> is projected to defeat Republican <keyword id="9842661" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="rich-mccormick">Rich McCormick</keyword> and win <keyword id="6385073" type="LOCATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="georgia">Georgia</keyword>'s competitive 7th Congressional District.</li><li>The district is home to northeastern Atlanta and eight smaller cities in Gwinnett and Forsyth counties.</li><li>The seat is open after Rep. Rob Woodall announced in February 2019 that he would not be seeking reelection.</li><li>See the live coverage and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2020-house-elections-results">full results from all US House elections.</a></li></ul>Democrat Carolyn Bourdeaux is projected to defeat GOP candidate Rich McCormick and win Georgia's competitive 7th Congressional District.The seat is held by Republican Rep. Rob Woodall, who announced in February 2019 that he would <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/live-results-georgia-presidential-senate-congressional-primaries-2020-6">not be seeking reelection</a> for a sixth term.<h2>The candidates</h2>Bourdeaux, a Democrat, is a <a href="https://www.carolyn4congress.com/meet-carolyn">professor at Georgia State</a> University's Andrew Young School of Public Policy in Atlanta. She temporarily left her teaching role during the 2008 recession to become the director of Georgia's Senate Budget and Evaluation Office.The Republican candidate, McCormick, is an emergency-room physician who won a heavily-contested Republican primary with seven candidates. During a July trip to Atlanta, President Donald Trump endorsed McCormick and called him "his friend," according to reporting from <a href="https://www.gwinnettdailypost.com/local/president-donald-trump-calls-for-election-of-rich-mccormick-karen-handel-to-congress-during-atlanta/article_eeb858ac-c6d7-11ea-a4dd-4fc821391374.html">the Gwinnett Daily Post</a>.<h3><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2020-election-results">See live coverage and full results for the US presidential election</a></h3><h2>The district</h2>Georgia's 7th Congressional District comprises the Northeastern region of Atlanta and the cities of Buford, Norcross, Cumming, Peachtree Corners, Duluth, Lawrenceville, Snellville, and Suwanee.It also includes parts of the rapidly growing and Democratic-trending Gwinnett County along with a portion of Forsyth County, which has traditionally been reliably Republican. The district was a conservative mainstay for 25 years, but the district's <keyword id="6358883" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="politics">politics</keyword> are rapidly shifting. In 2018, Republican Rep. Woodall narrowly retained his seat against Bourdeaux <a href="https://www.rollcall.com/2018/11/21/rob-woodall-wins-by-433-votes-in-georgias-7th-district/">by just 433 votes.</a>Georgia's 7th District, which is very similar to many of the diverse, suburban districts Democrats won back in the 2018 midterms, was a top target for Democrats to flip this year.Romney <a href="https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2012/11/19/1163009/-Daily-Kos-Elections-presidential-results-by-congressional-district-for-the-2012-2008-elections">easily carried the district by nearly 22 points in 2012</a> while Trump won it by a much smaller margin of 6.3 percentage points in the 2016 presidential election. 2018 Democratic gubernatorial nominee Stacey Abrams <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GvP9C3x5398WMfDk2imGNJXu5eJIU5JYEzmvscmcMW4/edit#gid=48431491">carried the district by 1.4 points</a> while Woodall narrowly held onto the seat, according to the Daily Kos.<h2>The money race</h2>According to the <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/races/summary?cycle=2020&amp;id=GA07&amp;spec=Np;spec=N">Center for Responsive Politics</a>, Bourdeaux has raised $2.2 million, or twice the amount of McCormick, who has brought in $1.1 million so far. With over $750,000 on hand, Bourdeaux also has more available to spend than her opponent who only has $105,000 remaining.<h2>What some of the experts say</h2>The race between Bourdeaux and McCormick was rated as "tilts Democratic" by <a href="https://insideelections.com/ratings/house">Inside Elections</a>, and "leans Democratic" by <a href="https://cookpolitical.com/ratings/house-race-ratings">The Cook Political Report</a> and <a href="http://centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/2020-house/">Sabato's Crystal Ball at the University of Virginia Center for Politics</a>.Expanded Coverage Module: insider-voter-guide

RESULTS: Democrat Carolyn Bourdeaux is projected to win Georgia's competitive 7th Congressional District

Controversial GOP Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, who was elected in 2020, easily defeated multiple Republican primary challengers in <keyword id="11931393" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="georgia" source="Orion">Georgia</keyword>'s primaries on Tuesday. And Rep. Lucy McBath defeated Rep. Carolyn Bourdeaux in a member-on-member primary election in the metro Atlanta area. <h2>The races and the stakes: </h2>Greene <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/house-strips-marjorie-taylor-greene-of-committee-assignments-2021-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">was removed from her committee assignments in 2021</a> over a <a href="https://www.insider.com/marjorie-taylor-greene-jewish-lasers-space-conspiracy-theories-theory-history-2021-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">series of inflammatory, conspiratorial, and anti-Semitic tweets</a> and was permanently suspended from Twitter in 2022. More recently, she's come<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mccarthy-condemns-marjorie-taylor-greene-gosar-america-first-conference-2022-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> under scrutiny</a> for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/dnc-chair-calls-mtg-and-boebert-trash-for-state-of-the-union-outbursts-2022-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">an outburst at President Joe Biden's state of the union address</a> and for also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/marjorie-taylor-greene-said-she-didnt-know-nick-fuentes-2022-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">speaking at a white-nationalist conference</a> headlined by Nick Fuentes, whom the Anti-Defamation League has <a href="https://www.adl.org/blog/afpac-iii-the-groyper-army-seeks-to-normalize-white-nationalism" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">described</a> as a "well-known white supremacist pundit and organizer."Greene, a prolific small-dollar fundraiser, has raised $9.2 million and spent $6.3 million so far this cycle, dwarfing the roughly $230,000 spent by her main Republican rival Jennifer Strahan. The Democrats running against her in the deep-red district include Marcus Flowers, Holly McCormack, and Wendy Davis. Both McBath and Bourdeaux flipped control of previously-GOP held districts in the past two election cycles. Bourdeaux made her mark as the only Democrat to flip a competitive, Republican-controlled seat in the 2020 election while Democrats lost a dozen House seats on net nationwide. In response, Georgia Republicans eliminated both their competitive seats in post-2020 congressional redistricting.Republicans redrew the 6th District to include more safely-Republican exurbs highly unlikely to elect a Democrat and made the new 7th District into an overwhelmingly Democratic seat based in blue-trending Gwinnett County. Bourdeaux represents 57% of the new district's population while McBath only represents 12% of the new seat, <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-6-house-races-where-incumbents-are-likely-to-face-another-incumbent/">according to FiveThirtyEight,</a> but neither currently reside in the district. State Rep. Donna McLeod also ran for the district against McBath and Bourdeaux — and is the only candidate out of three who lives within the new district's boundaries. Federal law doesn't require members of Congress to live within the districts they represent, but McLeod emphasized her ties to the newly-drawn seat in primary debates, <a href="https://19thnews.org/2022/05/georgia-mcbath-bourdeaux-primary/">the 19th* News reported.</a>Both McBath and Bourdeaux share largely similar policy positions and voting records, but McBath benefited from significantly more outside spending on her behalf, <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/races/outside-spending?cycle=2022&amp;id=GA07&amp;spec=N">according to OpenSecrets. </a>Groups including Black PAC, the Black Progressive Action Coalition, Everytown for Gun Safety Victory Fund, and Protect our Future, <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/brothers-democrats-crypto-pac-say-actually-pandemic-focused-rcna29501">a PAC funded by a prominent cryptocurrency billionaire</a>, spent over $4 million supporting McBath, while the Democrats Serve PAC has spent a much smaller sum of $20,000 opposing her. Billionaire and 2020 presidential candidate Michael Bloomberg also resumed his big political spending habits after a hiatus. In a bid to influence this race, his PAC dropped a last-minute $1 million into ads supporting McBath, <a href="https://www.politico.com/minutes/congress/05-20-2022/bloombergs-back/">Politico reported.</a>Democratic members drawn into the same district are also set to face off in member-on-member primaries in Michigan, Illinois, and New York later this year. A crowded Republican primary is also taking place in the safely-Republican 10th Congressional District vacated by Rep. Jody Hice, who is running for secretary of state. If no candidate wins over 50% of the vote in Georgia's primaries on Tuesday, the top two candidates will head to a June 21 runoff election. <h3><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/live-updates-kemp-purdue-face-off-in-georgia-gop-primary-2022-5">Follow Insider's live coverage of all of Tuesday night's primaries here. </a></h3><h2>Georgia state legislative primaries: </h2>

GOP Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene easily wins the Republican nomination for another term

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The House <keyword id="6359222" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Small-Business">Small Business</keyword> Committee introduced legislation to extend the PPP through May 31.</li><li>The program is set to expire this month.</li><li><keyword id="60973" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Biden">Biden</keyword>'s stimulus bill includes additional aid for small businesses but not a PPP extension.</li></ul>Ahead of its current expiration date on March 31, the House Small Business Committee introduced legislation on Thursday to extend the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) through the end of May, providing further relief for small businesses. Led by Small Business Committee chair Nydia Velázquez, ranking member <keyword id="10911779" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="blaine-luetkemeyer">Blaine Luetkemeyer</keyword>, Rep. Young Kim of California, and Rep. Carolyn Bourdeaux of Georgia, the bipartisan Paycheck Protection Program Extension Act would extend the PPP by two months and allow an additional 30 days for the <keyword id="174189" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Small-Business-Administration">Small Business Administration</keyword> to process loans submitted prior to the new deadline on May 31."The demand for PPP loans right now is a testament to the program's effectiveness and the lingering impacts of this pandemic," Velázquez said in a <a href="https://republicans-smallbusiness.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=403484">statement</a>. "That's why we cannot cut off aid now and this short-term extension is so important."<blockquote class="twitter-tweet blockquote" data-lang="en" data-cards="" data-conversation="">-House Committee on Small Business Republicans (@HSBCgop) <a href="https://twitter.com/mims/statuses/1370077380220497940?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 11, 2021</a></blockquote>A senior Democratic aide <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/11/congress-small-business-loan-program-extension-475294">told</a> Politico that the House will vote on the measure next week, prior to members leaving Washington in mid-April.This news would be a welcome change for small businesses who are continuing to experience financial hardships brought on by COVID-19. On February 22, President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/5-ways-joe-biden-tweaked-ppp-small-business-aid-2021-2">amended</a> the PPP to target the smallest businesses and ensure that the aid was being distributed equitably, and in the $1.9 trillion stimulus bill the president <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stimulus-biden-signs-trillion-covid-relief-package-checks-direct-payments-2021-3">signed</a> on Thursday, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/democrats-propose-50-billion-small-business-aid-stimulus-package-2021-2">$50 billion</a> is set aside for small businesses, including $7.25 billion specifically for the PPP.<blockquote class="twitter-tweet blockquote" data-lang="en" data-cards="" data-conversation="">-President Biden (@POTUS) <a href="https://twitter.com/mims/statuses/1364590577879244802?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 24, 2021</a></blockquote>The Federal Reserve Board also announced on Monday the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/paycheck-protection-program-liquidity-facility-small-business-extended-3-months-2021-3">extension</a> of the PPP's liquidity facility through June 30, allowing banks to continue pledging loans made through the program to small businesses. "Getting our <keyword id="34412" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="economy">economy</keyword> back means bringing our small businesses back," Biden <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/22/remarks-by-president-biden-on-helping-small-businesses/">said</a> at a press conference on February 22. "And that's what we're going to do."

Paycheck Protection Program may be extended through May 31 to provide aid to small businesses

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The House voted to extend the Paycheck Protection Program through May 31.</li><li>The bill also allows the <keyword id="6359222" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Small-Business">Small Business</keyword> Administration to process loan applications through June 30.</li><li>The 415-3 bipartisan vote may ensure <keyword id="390673" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="small-businesses">small businesses</keyword> won't experience a lapse in needed aid.</li></ul>To continue providing aid to small businesses recovering from the pandemic, the House voted on Tuesday to extend the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) by two months, ahead of its expiration on March 31. The bill to extend the PPP had been <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/small-business-aid-paycheck-protection-program-may-be-extended-2021-3">introduced</a> on March 11 by Small Business Committee Chair Nydia Velàzquez, Ranking Member Blaine Luetkemeyer, Rep. Carolyn Bourdeaux of Georgia, and Rep. Young Kim of California. Less than a week later, the House overwhelmingly voted by 415-3 to extend the program through May 31 to avoid a lapse of aid. The program has provided small businesses with $700 billion of emergency loans to date, according to a <a href="https://smallbusiness.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=3609">press release</a>.<blockquote class="twitter-tweet blockquote" data-lang="en" data-cards="" data-conversation="">-House Committee on Small Business (@HouseSmallBiz) <a href="https://twitter.com/mims/statuses/1371990140957122561?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 17, 2021</a></blockquote>"Based on recent economic data and the demand for PPP loans, it's clear that small businesses still need support. We are making progress in our public health fight against this virus, but this pandemic continues to impact communities across the country, and we can't let up on our efforts," Velázquez said in a statement. "By providing small businesses with two more months to apply and giving the SBA [Small Business Administration] an additional month to process applications, we will help ensure critical support isn't cut off."Under the bill, the SBA has until June 30 - a month after the PPP ends - to continue processing loan applications, giving small businesses the chance to continue receiving aid after the Program expires. Since it was first established under the CARES Act in March, the PPP has encountered a host of issues with loan distribution. For example, although loans within the program are intended for businesses with 500 or fewer employees, the fast-food chain <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/shake-shack-returns-govt-coronavirus-loan-criticism-small-businesses-2020-4">Shake Shack received a $10 million loan</a>, which it later returned.And recently, the Office of the Inspector General found that the PPP distributed more than one loan to over <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/small-business-duplicate-loans-paycheck-protection-program-ppp-inspector-general-2021-3">4,000 borrowers</a> due to flaws in the SBA's controls. However, despite the flaws, small businesses have not yet recovered from financial hits the pandemic brought on, emphasizing the need for a PPP extension. In President Joe <keyword id="60973" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Biden">Biden</keyword>'s <keyword id="10601442" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="american-rescue-plan">American Rescue Plan</keyword> he <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stimulus-biden-signs-trillion-covid-relief-package-checks-direct-payments-2021-3">signed</a> on March 11, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/democrats-propose-50-billion-small-business-aid-stimulus-package-2021-2">$50 billion</a> was set aside for small businesses, including $7.25 billion specifically for the PPP. The bill now heads to the Senate, where it may be passed before members leave Washington in mid-April."As America begins to open up for business and vaccines become more widely distributed across the country, we must provide targeted relief for small businesses that need it most," Luetkemeyer said in a statement. "This bipartisan legislation provides a commonsense extension to the Paycheck Protection Program and the tools for Main Street USA to contribute to their local economies once again."

House passes bill to extend PPP small business aid for 2 months

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Redistricting and fights over political lines have fueled the aging of America's government. </li><li>More often than not, older members of Congress win in primaries between two incumbents.</li><li>But polarization and partisanship are enabling younger members to knock out their elders.</li></ul>Every 10 years, a new US Census forces states to redraw their political maps through redistricting. Whenever a state loses a House seat in the process, incumbent members of Congress are forced to run against each other — and younger, less experienced incumbents often end up on the chopping block. An Insider analysis, <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1X97S6hUby6PPHAMoEwvAxkAUo8EUwLk8xMosx4hVd8c/edit#gid=638845180">based on data compiled by Bloomberg's Greg Giroux,</a> found that in 20 incumbent-on-incumbent contests since 1992 where there was an age difference of at least two years between the candidates, 12 were won by the older member and eight by the younger member. The dynamics of member-on-member contests have favored older incumbents and reinforced <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gerontocracy-united-states-government-red-white-gray-2022-9">the gerontocracy in American politics</a> as we know it. Since the 1990s, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gerontocracy-united-states-congress-red-white-and-gray-data-charts-2022-9">the age of Congress has significantly increased</a> compared to the baseline growth seen over the 20th century — and redistricting has only hastened that trend. "It doesn't surprise me that age would make a difference on the margins," Jamie Carson, a political scientist at the University of Georgia who studies congressional elections, told Insider of member-on-member races. "It brings a bit more experience, better fundraising prowess, and maybe they know the district better." The 2012 cycle, where the more senior representative won eight of 11 such contests following redistricting, was particularly brutal for younger incumbents. In New Jersey, then 75-year-old Bill Pascrell easily dispatched 59-year-old Democratic Rep. Steven Rothman by 22 points <a href="https://www.nj.com/news/2012/05/how_the_rothman_vs_pascrell_co.html">when the two ran in the same district</a> in 2012. Fifty-year-old Rep. David Schweikert narrowly ousted the one-term 35-year-old Ben Quayle, the son of former Vice President Dan Quayle, in the Phoenix suburbs. Sixty-nine-year-old John Mica, who had served in Congress for nearly 20 years, knocked out 55-year-old Sandy Adams, who served one term, in suburban Central Florida. And 60-year-old Janice Hahn defeated fellow Democrat Laura Richardson, 50, in the general election for California's 44th District by a resounding 20 points.<div type="image" title="Rep. Alex Mooney, left, and Rep. David McKinley, right" height="1300" width="2000" msid="94502177" hostid="261" sizebytes="154214"></div><h3>Youth movement — fueled by partisanship?</h3>But that trend is changing. Accelerating partisanship and polarization, in particular, are shaking up the game — and increasingly empowering younger lawmakers to knock out their more senior rivals. In 2022, the 75-year-old, five-term Rep. David McKinley, a West Virginia Republican, had some key advantages on his side when reapportionment put him in the same district as 50-year-old Rep. Alex Mooney. McKinley, endorsed by both Virginia's Republican governor and its powerful Democratic senator, Joe Manchin, <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/04/12/gop-primary-west-virginia-infrastructure-00024473">was able to tout his role in the passage of a landmark bipartisan infrastructure bill</a> that provided much-needed funds for his state. But an endorsement from President Donald Trump and <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/races/outside-spending?cycle=2022&amp;id=WV02">hundreds of thousands in outside spending</a> from conservative groups boosted Mooney to win the day. Younger candidates have won four out of six member-on-member primaries of the 2022 cycle, though in one case, Rep. Jerry Nadler of New York, who's 75, was younger by just a few months than Democratic rival, Rep. Carolyn Maloney. And in the cases of the two older incumbents who came out on top in their races, age and tenure in Congress weren't the deciding factors.<div type="image" title="Republican Rep. Adam Kinzinger of Illinois outside a January 6 committee hearing on June 13, 2022." height="1333" width="1777" msid="94502179" hostid="261" sizebytes="160780"></div><h3>State lawmakers have expertly wielded their redistricting pens to kneecap their opponents — and hurt younger candidates </h3>Over the decades, intentional partisan gerrymandering — and the inevitable reshuffling that comes along with states losing districts and redrawing their lines — have dashed many congressional careers and aspirations.Partisan gerrymandering and internal party struggle over district lines can also prevent young candidates or candidates from diverse backgrounds from getting elected to Congress in the first place. "Wisconsin's 7th District is very gerrymandered, so that was already a challenge that, going in, I knew," Tricia Zunker, who ran as a Democrat in a special election in a rural, Republican-leaning north-central Wisconsin district in spring 2020, told Insider in an interview.Partisan gerrymandering, the redrawing of political district lines to favor one political party over the other, has gotten increasingly tactical. State lawmakers, in addition to utilizing the process to kneecap the opposing party, also make strategic choices about which members of Congress to sacrifice. In 2002, Republican state lawmakers in Michigan, who then controlled the redistricting process, drew two Democrats into the same blue district to make the surrounding districts safer for their party, <a href="https://thehill.com/video/in-the-news/590605-redistricting-101-cracking-and-packing/">a gerrymandering tactic known as packing.</a>The new map put <a href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1147714">then 45-year-old Rep. Lynn Rivers in the same district as Rep. John Dingell</a>, a scion of Michigan politics who still holds the mantle of the longest-serving member of Congress in history.Rivers mounted a competitive challenge — but still lost the race by 18 points. And she's not the only one who saw her time in Congress come to an end after partisan gerrymandering pitted her against a colleague. After the 2020 Census, Republican lawmakers in Georgia took the opportunity to force out one of the two Democratic women who had won seats in the blue-trending Atlanta suburbs, pushing Reps. Lucy McBath and Carolyn Bourdeaux into the same safely Democratic district. In Illinois, which lost one House seat after 2020, a map drawn by Democrats in the state legislature pitted two sets of Republican incumbents against each other in northern and central Illinois. Rep. Rodney Davis lost to freshman Rep. Mary Miller in one of those races. In the other, Rep. Adam Kinzinger <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gop-rep-adam-kinzinger-wont-run-for-reelection-in-2022-2021-10">decided to retire</a> rather than run against Rep. Darin LaHood. "Through a strategic lens, it's a chance to knock out an incumbent and make that seat more vulnerable," Carson, the political scientist, said of gerrymandering.The game of political musical chairs set off by a state losing a seat in Congress can also box out young, upstart candidates hoping to break in. Lourin Hubbard, a 33-year-old water-quality-control manager in California's Central Valley, ran as a Democrat in a June 2022 special election after a top GOP representative, Devin Nunes, left Congress early to run the Trump Media &amp; Technology Group, the company behind the former president's Truth Social platform.Hubbard, who lost to the 71-year-old Republican Connie Conway, considered running for a full term in Congress. But California's new commission-drawn congressional map, which will fully take effect come January 2023, dissolves Nunes' old district and splits it up into four new ones — including one held by Democratic Rep. Jim Costa. Hubbard told Insider that local county Democrats discouraged him from running for a full term in Congress against Costa, who now holds a safely Democratic Fresno-based seat. The new map "created some tension and conflict" within the county Democratic Party. "And to avoid that conflict altogether, I was like, 'I'll just run in the special,'" he said. <div type="image" title="Democratic Rep. Andy Levin of Michigan at a press conference on Capitol Hill on February 9, 2022." height="1331" width="1780" msid="94502181" hostid="261" sizebytes="151940"></div><h2>Partisanship and parochial factors are shaking up member-on-member primaries</h2>Incumbency<a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/elections-overview/incumbent-advantage"> is the best predictor of whether a candidate wins an election</a>. Challengers, Carson noted, have the best shot at unseating incumbents if they have prior political experience, money, or are up against an incumbent with particular weaknesses or a scandal."Even if you don't like the incumbent, that's not enough," Ryan Williamson, a resident fellow for governance at the R Street Institute, a Washington DC-based policy think tank, told Insider. "You have to actively dislike the incumbent and mobilize around unseating them, which is a much higher burden."But the rare contests where incumbents are pitted against each other are "idiosyncratic," Carson said, and don't follow predictable patterns — especially in the 2022 cycle. Two decades after the Dingell-Rivers race, another primary fight between two Michigan Democrats shows how partisanship and money can eclipse age, experience — and even membership in a political dynasty — in member-on-member races. Rep. Haley Stevens, 39, could have had an uphill battle against Rep. Andy Levin, 61, when he decided to run against her in her suburban Detroit district, which became more safely Democratic under new lines drawn by a citizen-led commission. Like Dingell in 1955, Levin took over the House seat held for decades by his father, Sander Levin, in the 2018 midterm elections, following both his father and his uncle, former Sen. Carl Levin, to Washington. But Levin took a risk by choosing to run in the safely blue 11th District instead of the more Republican 10th District where he lived, planting himself on largely unfamiliar turf <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-6-house-races-where-incumbents-are-likely-to-face-another-incumbent/">where he represented just a quarter of the electorate. </a>The <a href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/report-after-citizens-united-outside-spending-doubles/">explosion in outside campaign spending</a> since 2002 has shaken up the dynamics of all House primaries and heavily factored into the 11th District contest. A slew of pro-Israel, women's, and progressive organizations poured <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/races/outside-spending?cycle=2022&amp;id=MI11">over $9 million</a>, $7.45 million of which benefited Stevens, into the race. Stevens <a href="https://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/elections/2022/08/02/haley-stevens-andy-levin-congressional-district/10200586002/">ended up beating Levin by 20 points</a> in August — overcoming both his seniority in age and the potency of his family name. Like in all House elections, money plays a significant role in member-on-member races. Older incumbents often have more money in the bank and more established fundraising networks from their years campaigning for elected office and, in some cases, greater personal wealth, candidates and experts told Insider. The candidate who spent the most money won four out of six member-on-member contests in 2022 and nine out of 11 contests in the 2012 cycle, according to an Insider analysis of campaign-finance records. "Every new midterm breaks the previous record, and a bulk of that money is going to flow to the most competitive primaries and general elections," Carson said, noting that "money is a necessary but not sufficient condition," particularly in member-on-member contests. State lawmakers have drawn incumbents together for political gain for decades, but the post-2020 redistricting cycle also saw many maps drawn by courts or independent commissions. Many of those commissions prioritized drawing competitive districts over protecting longtime incumbents, which blunted the advantage that some more tenured incumbents enjoyed. New York's court-drawn congressional map, resulting from a messy and protracted legal battle, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/30/nyregion/jerry-nadler-carolyn-maloney.html">pitted two longtime House Democrats and committee chairs</a>, Nadler and Maloney, against each other in upper Manhattan.That race, a clash of two septuagenarian titans of New York politics, was driven more by parochial forces than national ones, with The New York Times editorial board and the powerful Sen. Chuck Schumer <a href="https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/us-elections-government/ny-election-2022-key-endorsements-ny-12-congressional-district-20220817-56gr6n3jpbcyvij2ikt5sj5pdi-story.html">throwing their support behind Nadler</a> in the final stretch. As the Stevens-Levin race showed, the member of Congress representing most of the new district's constituents is generally favored in a matchup between two incumbents in the same seat. But in other races, like the Hahn-Richardson contest, a candidate who represented very little of their new territory came out on top. And four out of six member-on-member contests that have taken place so far in 2022 saw the member who represented less of their new district winning their race, according to <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1qjVA5g1bmZVDgTvwBpoZCSoEKLyhV7az3NVSlduUvzE/edit#gid=1417433366">Daily Kos Elections.</a> In Georgia, for example, McBath won <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-6-house-races-where-incumbents-are-likely-to-face-another-incumbent/">despite representing just 12% of her new district</a>, while her opponent represented over 57% of it. Partisanship and ideology are now playing a more prominent role than age and seniority in shaping House primaries, especially on the Republican side. The winners of the two 2022 primaries where Republican incumbents faced each other, Miller and Mooney had firmly aligned with Trump's wing of the Republican Party, earned Trump's endorsement, and also enjoyed outside spending on their behalf by groups like <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs//C00487470/independent-expenditures/2022?t0-search=miller">the Club for Growth</a> and the political arm of <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs//C00552851/independent-expenditures/2022">the House Freedom Caucus.</a> In Illinois, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/illinois-congressional-state-local-primary-elections-results-2022-6">Miller defeated Davis by 14 points</a> despite raising and spending less money than Davis, serving in Congress for less time, and only representing slightly more of the new district. Mooney, who also served less time and represented just a third of the redrawn district, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/west-virginia-primaries-david-mckinley-alex-mooney-live-results-2022-5">defeated McKinley by an even wider margin of 18 points.</a> Knocking out an incumbent with years of lawmaking experience is still difficult, and older candidates' structural advantages aren't disappearing. But the forces of partisanship are making it easier for challengers. House Republicans who fought the Trumpian takeover of the party, like Reps. Liz Cheney, Tom Rice, Peter Meijer, and Jaime Herrera Beutler, all <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/with-cheneys-loss-just-2-house-republicans-who-voted-to-impeach-trump-are-on-the-ballot-in-november/">lost to Trump-backed primary challengers</a>. And others, like Kinzinger and Reps. Anthony Gonzalez, John Katko, and Fred Upton, chose to forgo running altogether. In all, 14 House incumbents <a href="https://pressgallery.house.gov/member-data/casualty-list">lost renomination</a> in 2022, the highest number in a single cycle since 1992. The forces of partisanship and polarization, Carson said, would have pushed that number even higher if not for dozens of members heading for the exits."For the longest time, it was hard to beat incumbents because people of the opposite party would be willing to cross party lines," Carson said. "That has changed. If you're a Democrat in a Republican district, your days are probably numbered."

Fights over political lines have fueled the aging of America's government. But that may be changing.

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6385073" type="LOCATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="georgia">Georgia</keyword> is holding its presidential primary and several competitive congressional primaries on Tuesday.</li><li>In addition to the Democratic primary for US Senate, there are hotly contested primaries for three US House seats in Georgia's 7th, 9th, and 14th congressional districts.</li><li>Polls in most of Georgia closed at 7 p.m. in most of the state, but widespread problems with Georgia's administration of in-person voting led to poll closing times to be extended to as late as 10 p.m. in some places.</li><li>The significant increase in voters casting ballots by mail and resulting delays in ballot counting means that some races may not be called until later this week. </li></ul>Polls in most of Georgia closed at 7 p.m. in most of the state, but widespread problems with Georgia's administration of in-person voting led to poll closing times <a href="https://twitter.com/ByTylerEstep/status/1270481560345640964">to be extended to as late as 10 p.m.</a> in some counties and precincts. The <a href="https://www.gpbnews.org/post/voting-georgia-s-june-9-primary-here-s-what-expect">massive increase in Georgia citizens voting by mail this year</a> due to the COVID-19 pandemic means ballot counting will take longer than usual and <a href="https://twitter.com/markniesse/status/1270019245460652032">many races will not be called until late Tuesday or Wednesday. </a><h2><div type="image" title="Democratic candidate Jon Ossoff for Georgia's 6th Congressional District special election speaks during an election eve rally at Andretti Indoor Karting and Games in Roswell, Georgia, April 17, 2017. There is a special election tomorrow to fill that seat, which opened after Republican Tom Price was appointed as secretary of Health and Human Services. REUTERS/Kevin D. Liles" height="400" width="799" msid="76306929" hostid="261"></div></h2><h2>The biggest races:</h2>Former Vice President Joe Biden officially secured 1,991 delegates, the majority threshold requires to officially clinch the Democratic nomination before today's elections. But he expanded his delegate lead with Tuesday's primaries both in Georgia and West Virginia. Biden became the presumptive nominee when Sen. Bernie Sanders, his last major opponent, dropped out of the race and ceased campaigning on April 8. Sanders is still staying on the ballot in the remaining states left to vote to earn delegates that will give his camp representation on key Democratic National Convention committees.Georgia accounts for 105 pledged delegates in the Democratic nomination, with 68 allocated between the state's 14 House districts and the remaining 37 allocated at the state level. <iframe src="https://embeds.ddhq.io/2020demdelegatetracker/delegate-tracker-business-insider/dist/index.html" style="border: 0; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute;" scrolling="no"></iframe>There are also a number of important congressional primaries taking place in Georgia, including the Democratic primary for US Senate to face GOP Sen. David Purdue this November. The <a href="https://www.11alive.com/article/news/politics/elections/everything-you-need-to-know-about-georgia-primary-election/85-4578935f-3ffe-42a1-8af4-a80b09b51595">Democratic field</a> includes Jon Ossoff, a documentary filmmaker and the 2017 Democratic nominee for the special election in Georgia's 6th district, former Columbus, Georgia Mayor Teresa Tomlinson, trucking executive Sarah Riggs Amico, and civil rights attorney Maya Dillard Smith. Georgia is a runoff state, meaning that if no one candidate clears the field with over 50% of the vote in any of the primaries taking place today, the race will go to a runoff between the top two vote-getters on August 11. The Democratic US Senate primary taking place today is separate from the special election for Georgia's other US Senate seat, currently held by Sen. Kelly Loeffler, who was appointed to the Senate this January. In the November 3 general election, Loeffler will run in a special jungle election with candidates from all parties, with the top two potentially advancing to a December runoff. In the House of Representatives, there are crowded Democratic and Republican primaries <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/election-2020-complete-guide-georgia-7th-congressional-district-race/EEbACQ9ojjhO3leyfDM1oK/">in Georgia's 7th congressional district</a>, a highly competitive open seat in the Atlanta exurbs being vacated by GOP Rep. Rob Woodall.Trump carried Georgia's 7th district by 6.3 percentage points in the 2016 presidential election. But Georgia's 7th, which is very similar to many of the diverse, suburban districts Democrats won back in the 2018 midterms, is a top target for Democrats to flip this year after Woodall won re-election by just 419 votes over 2018 nominee Carolyn Bourdeaux. Bourdeaux, a public policy professor, is now running again for Democratic nomination and will go to an August 11 runoff against Georgia House Representative Brenda Lopez Ramero. She currently leads the field in fundraising and has secured the endorsements of Rep. John Lewis and Democratic House Caucus Chair Hakeem Jeffries. In <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Georgia%27s_7th_Congressional_District_election,_2020_(June_9_Democratic_primary)">Tuesday's primary</a>, Bourdeaux and Lopez Ramero defeated State Senator and attorney Zahra Karinshak, businessman Rashid Malik, and progressive activist Nabila Islam, who has been endorsed by Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Ilhan Omar, and Ro Khanna. Bourdeaux or Lopez Ramero will face physician and US Navy and Marine Corps veteran Rich McCormick, who won the Republican primary for the seat outright, defeating State Senator Renee Unterman, and businesswoman Lynne Homick.<a href="https://cookpolitical.com/ratings/house-race-ratings">The Cook Political Report</a>, <a href="http://centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/2020-senate/">Sabato's Crystal Ball at the University of Virginia Center for Politics</a>, and <a href="https://insideelections.com/ratings/house">Inside Elections</a> all rate the seat as a toss-up in the general.There are also competitive GOP primaries in two open safe Republican-held seats in Georgia. In Georgia's 9th congressional district, which current Rep. Doug Collins is vacating to run for Georgia's other US Senate seat against Loeffler, State Representative Matt Gurtler and gun store owner Andrew Clyde advanced through the <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/races/summary?cycle=2020&amp;id=GA09GA09">crowded Republican primary</a> to a runoff, beating state legislators Kevin Tanner and John Wilkinson, and attorney Ethan Underwood. Trump carried the district, located in the northeast corner of the state, with over 77% of the vote in 2016. There's also <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Georgia%27s_14th_Congressional_District_election,_2020_(June_9_Republican_primary)">a competitive Republican primary</a> in the 14th congressional district being vacated by Rep. Tom Graves, also a safe GOP seat situated in the rural northwest part of the state. While Decision Desk HQ has not called the race, businesswoman Marjorie Greene and neurosurgeon John Cowan, appear likely to advance to a runoff. Georgia State Representatives Bill Hembree and Kevin Cooke and real estate executive Ben Bullock also ran in the primary. Greene, who is largely self-funding her campaign, <a href="https://twitter.com/Ad_Analytics/status/1268946254140145666">aired an eye-catching ad denouncing "antifa" as terrorists</a>, accusing George Soros, "Hollywood Elites," and Biden staffers of financing antifa and, with a gun in hand, warned antifa to "stay out of Northwest Georgia."<div type="image" title="Voters wait in a line that stretched around the Metropolitan Library in Atlanta, Georgia, Tuesday, June 9, 2020. (Steve Schaefer/Atlanta Journal-Constitution via AP)" height="1500" width="3000" msid="76306932" hostid="261"></div><h2>A pandemic election meltdown in the Peach State </h2>Voters throughout the entire state and especially in the metro Atlanta area faced immense difficulties voting in Georgia's primary election on Tuesday because of widespread problems with new electronic machines malfunctioning and shortages of paper ballots.A combination of understaffed, consolidated polling places, problems with Georgia's brand-new voting machines, and undertrained poll workers not knowing how to operate the machines led to hours-long lines to vote in places including Fulton, Gwinnett, Cobb, and DeKalb counties. <blockquote class="twitter-tweet blockquote" data-lang="en" data-cards="" data-conversation="">—The New York Times (@nytimes) <a href="https://twitter.com/mims/statuses/1270433009033007106?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 9, 2020</a></blockquote>While some voters in polling places with technology problems were able to cast provisional ballots, others were not, and many people had to leave voting lines before getting the chance to cast a ballot. In addition to poll closing times being extended in many counties, the disastrous election administration in some places led the Secretary of State's office to announce investigations into Fulton and Gwinnett counties. Georgia, which allows voters to request an absentee ballot without an excuse, broke an all-time record for the proportion of voters casting ballots by mail after Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger's office <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/absentee-voting-georgia-embraced-equally-voters-both-parties/QwabnU3akBNQOdd1qNu4xN/">sent all 6.9 million active registered voters in the state an absentee ballot application.</a>As of Tuesday morning, 1.3 million Georgians requested absentee ballots and a little over one million voters had returned their ballots, vastly exceeding the 37,000 voters who voted absentee in Georgia's 2016 primary election <a href="https://sos.ga.gov/index.php/elections/georgia_breaks_all-time_voting_record">and the 209,147 who did so in the 2016 general election. </a>As <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/absentee-voting-georgia-embraced-equally-voters-both-parties/QwabnU3akBNQOdd1qNu4xN/">the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported on Monday</a>, both parties have enthusiastically embraced mail-in voting. On Tuesday, 50% of mail-in ballots came from those who requested Democratic primary ballots and 48% came from voters who requested Republican primary ballots, <a href="https://twitter.com/WinWithJMC/status/1270334656597147648">according to election analyst John Couvillon.</a>Despite the high participation among voters of both parties statewide, Georgia's efforts to scale up their absentee and mail-in voting weren't without challenges, some which led to voters not receiving the ballots they requested. The election office in Fulton County, which includes the city of Atlanta and is the state's most populous county, is under investigation amid of reports of unknown numbers of absentee ballot requests <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/absentee-ballot-requests-missing-fulton-ahead-georgia-primary/kkXUUbxL0wug5niqAvKTqM/">completely disappearing from the county's internal systems</a>, leading to many voters, including a state senator, not getting their ballots sent to them in time.Georgia also held several days of early in-person voting to help reduce crowding at vote centers, but shortages of poll-workers and fewer open polling places than normal caused many voters to wait hours in line to vote early <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local/metro-atlanta-voters-face-long-lines-state-investigates-fulton-issues/5egszWkAyR9QXOroKvI44I/">at some polling places in the metro Atlanta region. </a>

LIVE UPDATES: See the full results of Georgia's presidential and congressional primaries

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Protect Our Future, backed by crypto billionaire Sam Bankman-Fried, spent more than $24 million this year.</li><li>The super PAC is part of a broader effort to support pandemic prevention advocates in Congress.</li></ul>Protect Our Future, a super PAC backed by a cryptocurrency billionaire that boosts Democrats who champion pandemic prevention, quickly became a major player in this year's primaries after <a href="https://www.politico.com/minutes/congress/01-27-2022/new-pac-launches/">its establishment in January.</a>As of this week, the group has <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/protect-our-future-pac/C00801514/independent-expenditures/2022">spent more than $24 million</a> in 18 Democratic House primaries nationwide — mostly on television ads — promoting upstart candidates who span the party's ideological spectrum while <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/-crypto-cash-floods-democratic-primaries-rankling-lawmakers-rcna26463">ruffling plenty of feathers along the way</a>. In total, 15 of the candidates the group <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/protect-our-future-pac/C00801514/independent-expenditures/2022">spent significant sums of money on</a> have emerged victorious from their primaries, the most recent being Maxwell Alejandro Frost, a 25-year-old gun violence prevention advocate who's set to become the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/25-year-old-endorsed-bernie-sanders-won-primary-in-florida-2022-8">first Generation Z member of Congress</a> after winning his party's nomination for a deep blue seat in Florida."He is a good example of a number of progressive champions that we've supported," Michael Sadowsky, president of Protect Our Future, said of Frost. "We think pandemic prevention is a cause area that can appeal throughout the ideological spectrum, and can have a broad coalition for it." Funded almost entirely by FTX cryptocurrency exchange CEO Sam Bankman-Fried, Protect Our Future has been the third-most prolific outside spender across either party this year, <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/outsidespending/summ.php?cycle=2022&amp;chrt=V&amp;disp=O&amp;type=A">putting it on par</a> with other major players like the Democratic-run Senate Majority PAC and United Democracy Project, the American Israeli Public Affairs Committee's <a href="https://www.uniteddemocracyproject.org/">new super PAC</a>. Perhaps the PAC's best-known investment was in Oregon's newly-drawn 6th congressional district this spring, where it spent a whopping $11 million in an effort to <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/05/12/carrick-flynn-save-world-congress-00031959">elect Carrick Flynn</a>, an "effective altruist" and academic researcher with a background in pandemic prevention.But that effort largely backfired. Flynn lost his primary by a nearly 2-to-1 margin, and the sheer scale of the spending <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/05/11/1097691538/bitter-feuds-and-crypto-ties-inside-one-of-the-most-expensive-democratic-primari">generated anger about the seat being "bought" </a>along with suspicions about whether the spending served Bankman-Fried's financial interests in cryptocurrency, which Sadowsky has denied. "I think there was kind of a narrative that got created around us being about crypto," said Sadowsky. "And we should have done a better job making our focus on pandemic prevention clear."With a successful but tumultuous first primary season nearing its end, key players involved with Protect Our Future and the burgeoning, bipartisan pandemic-prevention movement told Insider that their high-dollar spending experiment is winding down, at least for now. As the PAC sunsets its operations this summer, the people behind it reflected on their foray into political spending, which came with both wins and some controversies.Gabe Bankman-Fried — the younger brother of the cryptocurrency billionaire and the director of the nonprofit <a href="https://www.againstpandemics.org/">Guarding Against Pandemics</a> (GAP) — says he wants to avoid being seen as partisan and believes his group and others can have a greater impact in primaries than in general elections. He said GAP, whose <a href="https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00781229/">affiliated PAC</a> has donated small sums to both Democrats and Republicans, plans to spend the coming months "setting our priorities for the next session of Congress.""I think over time, people will get that we're another public interest group, like the climate movement or anything else," said Gabe Bankman-Fried, whose nonprofit group endorses candidates who pledge to "champion" pandemic prevention in addition to lobbying and advising lawmakers on the issue."It's too early to say what we'll do next cycle," said Sadowsky. "We'll have to look at what happens next Congress."<h2>'Let's put a million behind this guy' </h2>Frost serves as a key example of a successful progressive candidate backed by the pandemic prevention movement. Alongside staple issues like Medicare for All and tackling the climate crisis, Frost included an entire section <a href="https://www.frostforcongress.com/issues#pandemicpreparedness">devoted to the issue on his website</a>."As an organizer, something I'm always thinking about is how do we win hearts and minds," Frost <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/maxwell-alejandro-frost-gun-violence-prevention-generation-z-congress-2022-5">told Insider in May</a>, mentioning his support for pandemic-proofing buildings. "I think now's the time to court public opinion, and get people excited about research and retrofitting buildings. I think as time passes, it's gonna be harder."In mid-May, Protect Our Future committed to spending $1 million on Frost, most of which ultimately <a href="https://host2.adimpact.com/admo/#/viewer/949a503c-7922-4349-827b-eb66889dc438">went into a television ad campaign</a>."I made the pitch: I was like, let's put a million behind this guy, I think he's going to be a real champion," said Sean McElwee, the founding executive director of the left-leaning polling firm Data for Progress and an advisor to Protect Our Future. McElwee provided Insider with a <a href="https://www.filesforprogress.org/memos/dfp_frost_leads_fl10_democratic_primary_memo.pdf">memo making his case</a>, which included <a href="https://www.filesforprogress.org/datasets/2022/8/dfp_florida_10_democratic_primary_may15_toplines.pdf">previously unreleased polling data</a> showing that Frost's name recognition stood at just 3% in the Orlando-area district in May, before the group began running over $700,000 in <a href="https://host2.adimpact.com/admo/#/viewer/949a503c-7922-4349-827b-eb66889dc438">television ads</a>.<div type="image" title="Frost speaks at the fundraiser as Guarding Against Pandemics Director Gabe Bankman-Fried and Progressive Change Campaign Committee founders Stephanie Taylor and Adam Green look on in Washington, DC on May 10, 2022." height="1500" width="2000" msid="93888283" hostid="261"></div>While touting the effect of the ad campaign — which he said was likely most effective in warding off <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/pro-israel-groups-wade-into-democratic-primaries-to-defeat-progressives-11658840525">pro-Israel super PACs that have been particularly hostile towards progressive candidates</a> this cycle — McElwee made clear that Frost's own unique talents and attributes were key to making that campaign successful. "Maxwell hustled like I've never seen before," said McElwee. "Like, just always on the phone making calls, always looking to build stronger relationships, and I think his endorsements speak to that."Frost's campaign declined to provide comment for this story.Broadly, this year saw <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/16/democrats-moderate-progressive-super-pacs-00032610">unprecedented levels of super PAC intervention in Democratic primaries</a>, driven in large part by the increasing appeal of shaping the direction of the party through political spending.As Protect Our Future has become a player in that space, it's faced a slew of questions about what its true intentions are. Critics point to the fact that Sam Bankman-Fried has testified before Congress on the subject of cryptocurrency regulation and has given $2 million to <a href="https://www.gmipac.com/">an explicitly pro-crypto PAC</a>."You just can't help but think, yeah, they're weighing in to curry favor with members of Congress and to influence the regulations that are being proposed right now," Rep. Carolyn Bourdeaux of Georgia <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/-crypto-cash-floods-democratic-primaries-rankling-lawmakers-rcna26463">told NBC News in April</a> as Protect Our Future spent nearly $2 million boosting her primary opponent, fellow incumbent Democratic Rep. Lucy McBath.But the pandemic prevention advocates <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/brothers-democrats-crypto-pac-say-actually-pandemic-focused-rcna29501">reject that claim</a>. Gabe Bankman-Fried sarcastically likened the idea to "the five-dimensional chess we're playing," and both he and Sadowsky told Insider that Sam Bankman-Fried plays little role in the day-to-day decision-making at their organizations."You can talk to any of the candidates that I've endorsed at GAP," he told Insider. "I have not mentioned cryptocurrency to a single one of them."Sadowsky and others were also eager to highlight that among Protect Our Future's endorsees are progressives — including Robert Garcia in California, Becca Balint in Vermont, and Jasmine Crockett in Texas — who may not be particularly friendly to crypto interests. "There's this idea that like, Sam is doing this for crypto, Sam doesn't like progressives," said McElwee referring to Bankman-Fried. "If Sam didn't like progressives, why would he spend a million dollars getting a progressive elected?"<h2>Developing the political muscle to prevent the next pandemic</h2>For pandemic prevention advocates, the theory of the case is as follows: on the heels of a once-in-a-century pandemic that brought astronomical economic, societal, and human costs, now is the time to take the necessary steps to ensure that the country can better withstand a future biological catastrophe. But in order to accomplish that, policymakers must be willing to spend the time and political capital necessary to see it through — something that they're not currently incentivized to do. "You can't cut a ribbon in front of a pandemic that never happened," said Sadowsky.To further that goal, the Bankman-Fried brothers have developed a political operation that seeks to elect candidates — and cultivate incumbents — who are prepared to do just that."I want to build a coalition of members of Congress that care about the issue enough to do things on their own, and we're going to have their back," said Gabe Bankman-Fried.First, <a href="https://www.againstpandemicsaction.org/">both Republican and Democratic candidates</a> are vetted and endorsed by GAP, the group run by Gabe Bankman-Fried and largely funded by his older brother, Sam.Gabe Bankman-Fried said he's broadly interested in working with candidates who can at least "feel some ownership" over the issue. "Most people that run for political office are not biosecurity experts," he said. "I wouldn't expect them to be."Bankman-Fried provided Insider with one of the GAP's questionnaires, which asks candidates to commit to supporting <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/American-Pandemic-Preparedness-Transforming-Our-Capabilities-Final-For-Web.pdf">President Joe Biden's pandemic preparedness plan</a>, increased funding for the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), and strengthening regulations to minimize biosecurity risks surrounding laboratory and research facilities.Once the candidate earns GAP's endorsement, they are likely to receive significant support in outside spending from a super PAC. If they're a Democrat, that's Protect Our Future.But if they're a Republican, then they may earn the support of <a href="https://americandreamaction.com/">American Dream Federal Action</a>, a super PAC funded entirely by Ryan Salame, a colleague of Sam Bankman-Fried at FTX. That PAC <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/outsidespending/detail.php?cmte=C00809020&amp;cycle=2022">has spent over $11 million</a> backing its endorsed candidates in 14 GOP primary elections this year.By virtue of campaign finance rules, the PACs can't communicate with GAP during the election cycle, though both super PACs acknowledge that they take GAP's endorsements into account, and Gabe Bankman-Fried noted that the groups may exchange information after the election cycle has concluded.In a statement to Insider, American Dream Federal Action Executive Director Brinck Slattery said his organization looks for "policy expertise wherever it can be found, including the work of bipartisan organizations like Guarding Against Pandemics," while caveating that the group "acts independently of any other organization in carrying out its mission to elect Republicans who are committed to protecting America's biosecurity."Thus, the growing pandemic prevention movement will soon count dozens of lawmakers among its ranks — setting the stage for what advocates hope will be a fruitful 118th Congress, even under a potentially divided government."When the government is divided, policymakers are hungry for the few things that they can agree on," said Gabe Bankman-Fried. "I think our issue is one of the ones that they can work together on, and get something done."

A crypto-funded super PAC poured more than $24 million into this year's Democratic primaries and became a top outside spender. Now, it's going dark.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>When a new president is elected, the first midterm election is usually a loss for their party.</li><li>The <keyword id="11896865" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="democrats" source="Orion">Democrats</keyword> can easily avoid this by passing two popular bills.</li><li>Failure to do so will net Republicans power after the <keyword id="12025846" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="midterms" source="Orion">midterms</keyword>, and Biden's presidency will be moot.</li><li>Carl Gibson is a freelance journalist and columnist from Kentucky.</li><li>This is an <keyword id="11905565" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="opinion" source="Orion">opinion</keyword> column. The thoughts expressed are those of the author.</li></ul>If Congressional Democrats want to avoid the beatdown the party in power typically gets in almost every president's first midterm election, they have an easy path: Passing the $3.5 trillion budget reconciliation bill before voting on a separate $1 trillion bipartisan <keyword id="12025847" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="infrastructure-bill" source="Orion">infrastructure bill</keyword>.Failing to pass the larger bill will not only mean a failure to appropriately respond to the economic fallout of the pandemic, but it will also make sure Democrats have very little to run on in 2022 to justify keeping their majorities.House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-California) was barely able to hold off a rebellion within the Democratic caucus over the reconciliation bill. Last week, conservatives in the Democratic caucus like Reps. Josh Gottheimer (D-New Jersey), Henry Cuellar (D-Texas), and Carolyn Bourdeaux (D-Georgia) <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/house-moderates-threaten-block-budget-vote-infrastructure-funding/story?id=79441963">threatened to vote against it</a>, wanting instead to vote on the smaller bipartisan bill first. While the bipartisan bill cleared the Senate with <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/10/us/politics/infrastructure-bill-passes.html">69 votes</a> in favor, the reconciliation bill would need to be passed with all 50 Democrats on board and Vice President Kamala Harris casting the tie-breaking vote. Pelosi ultimately succeeded in a party-line vote to allow the details of the larger spending bill to be written, <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/24/house-passes-budget-resolution-advances-infrastructure-bill.html">clearing a major hurdle</a> toward its passage. Even though she's so far committed to progressives' demands to first vote on the reconciliation bill before the bipartisan bill, she issued a deadline of September 27 to vote on the bipartisan package. This makes it possible for conservative Democrats like Sens. Joe Manchin (D-West Virginia) and Kyrsten Sinema (D-Arizona), to run out the clock in negotiations on the reconciliation bill.Pelosi even signaled that the House would not expend energy on "<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/25/what-happens-next-with-biden-infrastructure-budget-bills-in-congress.html">a bill that's not going to pass the Senate,</a>" which potentially gives Manchin and Sinema the green light to water down the reconciliation bill until it's much weaker.Should the House pass the smaller bill before the larger bill, centrists in the House will have no incentive to vote for the larger bill, because centrists will have already gotten everything they wanted and leverage can no longer be applied. Given how slim the Democrats' House majority is, this could doom the reconciliation bill's chances of passage, and likewise, cost Democrats their majorities and effectively reduce President Biden to a mere veto pen.This doesn't have to happen - the reconciliation bill is full of extremely popular policies that have broad approval among Americans of all political persuasions. One of the proposals outlined in the bill is finally allowing Medicare to negotiate the prices of prescription drugs, which a June 2021 West Health/Gallup poll found was popular with 97% of Democrats <a href="https://www.westhealth.org/press-release/most-americans-support-medicare-negotiation-for-drug-prices-despite-claims-it-would-hurt-innovation/">and even 61% of Republicans</a>. The bill would also ensure that more children have access to pre-K education, and that parents struggling with child care costs won't pay more than <a href="https://www.vox.com/22577374/reconciliation-bill-biden-medicare-climate">a set percentage</a> of their income in child care. In many cities, child care <a href="https://fortune.com/2015/10/06/childcare-rent-women-workforce/">costs more than rent</a>, and in 33 states and Washington, DC, one year of infant care costs even more than <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/29/success/high-child-care-costs/index.html">a year of in-state college tuition</a>. Nearly all Democrats and <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/americans-want-more-affordable-child-care-options-republican-voters-included-11619630948">roughly 75% of Republican voters</a> support free early child care, while 97% of Democrats and <a href="https://www.ffyf.org/2017-poll/">82% of Republicans</a> are in favor of expanding early childhood pre-K education.But the sheer number of popular policies that can fit into a $3.5 trillion spending bill is massive. Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vermont), the chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, is even <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/19/bernie-sanders-to-tout-democrats-3point5-trillion-budget-plan-in-red-indiana-iowa.html">going on a tour of rural red states</a> to tout the bill's proposals.Sanders is particularly adamant on creating a national paid family and medical leave program in which the government will pay 12 weeks of a worker's salary if they have a new baby or have a serious medical issue. Pew Research found that <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2017/03/23/americans-widely-support-paid-family-and-medical-leave-but-differ-over-specific-policies/">roughly 75% of both Democrats and Republicans</a> believe that new moms should get paid maternity leave, and that workers who need to take an extended leave of absence for medical issues should be able to get paid leave. Additionally, the reconciliation bill would expand Medicare to include dental, vision, and hearing care for seniors, include funding to help drought-ridden states more effectively battle wildfires, provide more renewable energy tax credits and electric car subsidies, and even pay for two years of community college for anyone who wants it, among other policies. It would essentially be the largest expansion of social programs since the New Deal. Should Democrats succeed in passing the reconciliation bill, it would give them a full quiver of popular policies to run on, and 2022 could be the <a href="https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/how-midterm-elections-have-changed-congress-since-1946">first midterm election since 1950</a> in which Democrats hold the White House and maintain their Congressional majorities. This is vitally important to make sure the popular policies in the reconciliation bill remain in place.The 2010 midterms, in which Democrats suffered <a href="https://www.quorum.us/data-driven-insights/under-obama-democrats-suffer-largest-loss-in-power-since-eisenhower/">historic losses</a>, were the beginning of the end of the Obama presidency. Even though Democrats still held the Senate, the extremist Tea Party faction in the GOP ensured then-President Obama's policy priorities would never make it through the Republican-controlled House of Representatives. While Obama was reelected in 2012, GOP obstruction of his policies gave Democrats even less to run on in the 2014 midterms, costing Democrats control of the Senate. The 2014 midterms not only resulted in then-Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Kentucky) effectively <a href="https://www.gq.com/story/mcconnell-stolen-supreme-court-seat-muslim-ban">stealing a Supreme Court seat</a> from Democrats, but in a record-low rate of judicial confirmations for lower courts. Democrats losing their Senate majority was the key reason Donald Trump was able to quickly confirm so many federal judges during the first half of his term, as he inherited <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2018/06/04/senate-obstructionism-handed-judicial-vacancies-to-trump/">more than 100 judicial vacancies</a>.If the 2022 midterms result in Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-California) holding the Speaker's gavel and McConnell re-assuming control of the Senate, Biden's presidency is finished. Passing bold policies now is not only good for constituents, it's good <keyword id="11893346" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="politics" source="Orion">politics</keyword> for Democrats who want to remain in office.

The Democrats are on the verge of completely and utterly blowing it for vulnerable Americans

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Lawyers for <keyword id="3828720" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="President-Donald-Trump">President Donald Trump</keyword>'s re-election campaign <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">demanded that CNN retract and apologize for an unfavorable poll</a> released Monday that showed Joe Biden leading Trump by 14 points nationally.</li><li>The poll, <a href="http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2020/images/06/08/rel6a.-.race.and.2020.pdf">conducted for CNN by SSRS</a>, surveyed 1,259 registered voters between June 2 and 5. It found that 38% approve of Trump's job performance while 57% disapprove.</li><li>Trump campaign representatives called the survey "a stunt and a phony poll to cause voter suppression," citing a memo from controversial Republican pollster McLaughlin &amp; Associates. </li><li><keyword id="82130" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="CNN">CNN</keyword> <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">said they stand by the poll</a> and will not apologize for it or retract it. </li></ul>Lawyers for President Donald Trump's re-election campaign <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">demanded that CNN retract and apologize for an unfavorable poll</a> released Monday that showed former Vice President Joe Biden leading Trump by 14 percentage points nationally. The poll, <a href="http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2020/images/06/08/rel6a.-.race.and.2020.pdf">conducted for CNN by SSRS</a>, surveyed 1,259 registered voters by live-caller telephone interviews between June 2 and 5. It found that Trump has an approval rating of 38% and a disapproval rating of 57%, his lowest in over a year. When respondents were asked who they would vote for if the presidential election were held that day, 55% said they would vote for Biden and 41% would vote for Trump. Trump, who has frequently railed against <keyword id="43669" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Polling">polling</keyword> he dislikes on Twitter, <a href="https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1270071785392943105">tweeted on Monday</a> that he felt the CNN poll and other recent surveys "were FAKE based on the incredible enthusiasm we are receiving," and said he retained pollster McLaughlin &amp; Associates to "analyze" the poll. In addition to ordering the review by McLaughlin, which complained about the sampling of the poll respondents and the way some questions were phrased, Trump's campaign further escalated their dissatisfaction with it in a formal cease and desist letter to CNN, the network said on Wednesday. In <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">the letter sent to CNN</a>, Trump campaign representatives called the survey "a stunt and a phony poll to cause voter suppression, stifle momentum and enthusiasm for the President, and present a false view generally of the actual support across America for the President."CNN <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">said they stand by the poll</a> and will not apologize for it or retract it."To my knowledge, this is the first time in its 40 year history that CNN had been threatened with legal action because an American politician or campaign did not like CNN's polling results," <a href="https://twitter.com/CNNPR/status/1270803035544006663">CNN general counsel David Vigilante</a> wrote in response to the Trump campaign. He added: "To the extent we have received legal threats from political leaders in the past, they have typically come from countries like Venezuela or other regimes where there is little or no respect for a free and independent media," calling the threat "legally baseless" and "a bad-faith attempt by the campaign...to muzzle speech." While CNN's poll showed Biden leading Trump by a larger margin than many other surveys, it was still in line with a broader trend of Biden leading Trump outside the margin of error <a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/president-general/national/">in many recent national surveys</a> conducted by credible pollsters, including PBS NewsHour/Marist College, NBC News/Wall Street Journal, Monmouth University, and Fox News. Nationally, Biden leads Trump by 8 percentage points on average in <a href="https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2020/president/us/general_election_trump_vs_biden-6247.html">Real Clear Politics'</a> averaged tracker of general election match-up polls. Out of 76 national polls <a href="https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2020/president/us/general_election_trump_vs_biden-6247.html">in Real Clear Politics' tracker</a> conducted in the last six months that included a hypothetical general election match-up between Biden and Trump, Trump has only led Biden in two. The last survey from a major pollster that showed Trump and Biden tied was a Fox News poll conducted in early April, and the most recent survey to show Trump leading Biden was an Emerson College poll conducted between February 16 and 18. The figures CNN's poll reported for Trump's approval rating — 38% approving and 57% disapproving — are also almost exactly in line with Gallup's most recent poll on Trump's approval. <a href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/203198/presidential-approval-ratings-donald-trump.aspx">The latest Gallup poll</a>, conducted May 28-June 4, found that 39% approve of Trump's job performance while 57% disapprove. As CNN noted, the "review" the Trump campaign retained McLaughlin to conduct that Trump's lawyers had multiple <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">factual errors and misleading elements itself that misrepresented some aspects of the poll.</a>While McLaughlin complained that the CNN survey used a sample of registered voters and not likely voters, the vast majority of national polls are currently using a registered voter sample, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/trump-campaign-cnn-poll/index.html">since as CNN pointed out</a>, it's difficult to accurately predict who is likely or not to vote five months out from an election.McLaughlin's memo also argued that the survey is a "skewed anti-Trump poll of only 25% Republican" and argued the poll's sample should have been 33% Republican in line with 2016 exit polls.In CNN's sample, 25% of respondents identified as Republican, 32% as Democrats, and 44% as independents. Those figures <a href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/15370/party-affiliation.aspx">are more in line with much more recent data</a> from Gallup showing in an early May survey that showed 28% of Americans identifying as Republican, 37% as independents, and 31% as Democrats.With a grade of C/D, McLaughlin &amp; Associates is one of the lowest-rated pollsters for accuracy <a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/pollster-ratings/">in FiveThirtyEight's pollster ratings</a>. As <a href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/06/trump-cnn-poll-14-biden-memo-john-mclaughlin.html">New York Magazine</a> and <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/06/08/this-is-trumps-most-spectacularly-wonderfully-terrible-tweet-ever/">the Washington Post</a> noted earlier this week, McLaughlin has a polling record on behalf of their Republican clients that can only be described as spotty at best.Former House Majority Whip Rep. Eric Cantor retained McLaughlin as his pollster during his 2014 re-election campaign in Virginia's 7th congressional district.While McLaughlin's polling <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/06/06/cantor-internal-poll-claims-34-point-lead-over-primary-opponent-brat/?arc404=true&amp;itid=lk_inline_manual_10l_10">showed Cantor up by over 30 points</a> throughout the campaign, he ended up losing to a Tea Party-backed primary challenger, Dave Brat, by over 11 percentage points in a stunning upset of one of the country's most influential politicians.After that, the National Republican Campaign Committee warned candidates not to retain McLaughlin's services, but some continued to do so. In the 2018 midterm elections, a McLaughlin &amp; Associates poll <a href="https://www.rollcall.com/2018/10/10/neck-and-neck-race-in-virginias-10th-district-comstock-poll-shows/">conducted in early October 2018</a> showed Rep. Barbara Comstock leading challenger Jennifer Wexton by one percentage point, 48% to 47%, in Virginia's 10th congressional district. On the day of the November election, however, Wexton defeated Comstock by 12.5 percentage points. And in Georgia's 7th congressional district in the Atlanta exurbs, a <a href="https://www.ajc.com/blog/politics/georgia-7th-why-rob-woodall-feeling-bullish-about-his-house-race/JWHi2rao2TdAvhmBPRg1QI/">McLaughlin poll also conducted shortly before the election</a> showed Rep. Rob Woodall leading his Democratic challenger Carolyn Bourdeaux by 27 percentage points, 59% to 32%.In the end, Woodall barely won re-election by just 419 votes and less than a one-percentage-point margin, winning 50.07% of the vote to Bourdeaux's 49.9%.

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