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Researchers at <keyword id="642435" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="IIT-Mandi">IIT Mandi</keyword> claim to have developed a technology for making high efficiency masks using waste pet bottles that are not only more breathable than commercially available masks but also can be washed and reused up to 30 times. The team at the Indian Institute of Technology Mandi has also filed a patent for the <keyword id="6076375" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Waste-Plastic-Bottles">waste plastic bottles</keyword> derived filter membrane technology based on electrospinning. The researchers shredded waste plastic bottles and dissolved the pieces using a combination of solvents and extruded nanofibres from the solution. According to Sumit Sinha Ray, Assistant Professor, IIT Mandi, the team used waste plastic bottles to develop a single thin layer of nano-nonwoven membrane that provides desirable particle filtration efficiency, at par with N95 respirator and a medical mask. "The first concern that comes to mind when we hear that something is made of plastic is whether it is safe to use. These nanofibres meet the safety requirements of the user by excluding the bacteria and infectious components. The breathability in the developed masks is better than the commercially available masks. "At the laboratory scale, the material cost for the mask was around Rs 25 per piece. However, during the commercial manufacturing stage, its cost will be nearly halved. The mask can be washed and reused up to 30 times," Ray told . "Nanofibres can do wonders for masks. Air-borne particulate and pollutant removal efficiency and breathability are the two main criteria for efficient masks. Commercially available melt blown fabric-based masks can be efficient at a cost of high breathing resistance, whereas generic three-ply surgical masks are breathable but have meagre efficiency. Nanofibres based masks can filter out small particles effectively despite being comfortably breathable," he explained. The team claimed that the masks will not require any separate protocol to be followed for their disposal than the standard hygiene measures. Ashish Kakoria, a research scholar at the institute and one of the team members, said, "These ultrafine fibres allow less resistance in airflow due to a unique phenomenon called 'slip flow' which improves breathability. Moreover, the thrown away PET bottles can be put to good use using this technique." The coronavirus pandemic has mandated the use of masks by people to avoid contracting the infection. India registered its highest single-day spike of COVID-19 cases for the fifth consecutive day on Sunday, with 9,971 new infections taking the country's tally to 2,46,628, while the death toll rose to 6,929, according to the Union Health Ministry. The country registered 287 deaths in the last 24 hours since Saturday morning. India had raced past Spain on Saturday to become the fifth worst-hit nation by the COVID-19 pandemic. Now, only the US, Brazil, Russia and the UK are ahead of it. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/with-233-fresh-cases-bihars-covid-19-tally-rises-to-4831/articleshow/76238545.cms">Bihar registers 233 new coronavirus cases with its overall tally rising to 4.831</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/noida-21-new-covid-19-cases-tally-591/articleshow/76238339.cms">Noida’s total coronavirus cases hit 591 with 21 new cases detected in the past 24 hours</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/342-new-coronavirus-cases-in-pune-district-six-deaths/articleshow/76239001.cms">Six more people die of coronavirus in Pune with 342 fresh cases</a>

IIT researchers are creating face masks from waste plastic bottles that more breathable and can be reused up to 30 times

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Anti-maskers say the face coverings infringe on their rights and are physically dangerous. </li><li>Some say they've found literal loopholes to mask-wearing requirements by wearing ineffective mesh <keyword id="9418" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="masks">masks</keyword> or purposefully wearing them correctly. </li><li>Masks have been shown to reduce the risk of contracting the <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> by 65%. </li></ul>The advice is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/face-masks-effective-in-protecting-against-coronavirus-2020-6">straightforward and evidence-based</a>: Wear a mask in public if you can't social distance in order to protect both yourself and fellow citizens from the novel coronavirus. But anti-maskers aren't buying it. Many say that mandates to wear face coverings infringe on their rights, others say they <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anti-maskers-say-they-cant-wear-masks-because-medical-conditions-2020-5">have medical conditions that make mask-wearing dangerous</a> (which experts dispute), and some <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/doctor-debunks-anti-masker-myths-do-face-masks-affect-breathing-2020-6">spread false notions like that the strips of fabric severely limit oxygen intake</a>. While some anti-maskers flat-out refuse to wear a mask, others are more sly: Wearing bogus varieties that offer no protection to them or society so they can go about their lives without getting called out — or conceding their beliefs. One man, for example, <a href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7uo15c">filmed his trip to Walmart</a> wearing what appears to be a wire mesh mask made to protect the face during paintball. He said it was like wearing no mask, and reported that "no one cared" even though everyone could see his face. Others have bragged about their fake masks on Twitter. <a href="https://www.boredpanda.com/mesh-breathable-mask-harm-people/https://www.etsy.com/listing/822031400/breathable-novelty-sparkly-mask?ref=shop_home_active_3">People on sites like Etsy are also selling the masks</a> as "breathable" and for "rebels" or "those with a sense of humor," while one user noted the masks work as a "placebo" effect to keep other people off their backs. (<a href="https://www.etsy.com/market/breathable_mask">Etsy notes that items sold on its site</a> are not medical grade, and that sellers can't make health claims.) Others anti-maskers say they're wearing regular masks but purposefully using them incorrectly or punching holes in them. <h2>Face masks, worn correctly, can protect wearers and the community</h2>Medical masks or cloth face coverings, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-fabric-masks-need-3-layers-to-curb-coronavirus-spread-2020-6">ideally with three layers</a>, could be a ticket to controlling the coronavirus outbreak — if everyone wore them. A <a href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.2020.0376">recent study</a> out of the UK, for example, showed that mandates to wear masks could be enough to contain an outbreak without a lockdown. Case reports have illustrated their effectiveness too, with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/two-missouri-hairstylists-with-coronavirus-saw-140-clients-none-infected-2020-6">two infected (and masked) hairstylists able to do their jobs</a> on 140 masked customers without spreading the illness. And, a range of new research shows masks protect the wearer, too, by reducing the <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31142-9/fulltext">risk of infection by 65 percent</a>, Dean Blumberg, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis Children's Hospital, <a href="https://www.ucdavis.edu/coronavirus/news/your-mask-cuts-own-risk-65-percent/">said in a UC Davis livestream</a>. "Everyone should wear a mask," he said. "People who say, 'I don't believe masks work,' are ignoring scientific evidence. It's not a belief system. It's like saying, 'I don't believe in gravity.'"

Anti-maskers are posting selfies wearing useless netted masks to appear compliant with rules they don't agree with

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IIT researchers are creating face masks from waste plastic bottles that more breathable and can be reused up to 30 times

PTI

Anti-maskers are posting selfies wearing useless netted masks to appear compliant with rules they don't agree with

Anna Medaris Miller

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