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<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="9416688" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="biomilq">Biomilq</keyword> is the first lab-grown milk with the nutritional components and complexity of breast milk. </li><li>Two female scientists launched the startup to provide a superior-to-formula breast milk alternative.</li><li>The product should launch in about three years. </li></ul><p>Parents who can't or choose not to breastfeed should have a superior-to-formula option in just a few years, <a href="https://biomilq.medium.com/biomilq-has-successfully-made-human-milk-ae3649571e69">scientists say</a>.</p><p>The product, <a href="https://www.insider.com/lab-grown-human-breast-milk-may-soon-be-option-biomilq-2020-2">Biomilq, is the world's first lab-grown breast milk</a>. It's founders now say they've proven Biomilq's <keyword id="52652" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="nutrition">nutrition</keyword> profile matches the hundreds of proteins, complex carbs, fatty acids, and other lipids "abundantly present" in breast milk as closely as possible. </p><p>The company says Biomilq is more than just a collection of the components of breast milk. </p><p>"Our core hypothesis has always been that milk is greater than the sum of its parts, which all work together as a dynamic system," co-founder and chief <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> officer Leila Strickland said in a press release. "Our latest work demonstrates that much of the complexity of milk can be achieved by replicating the intricate relationship between the cells that produce it and the conditions they experience inside the body during lactation."</p><h2>Two female scientists launched the startup in 2019</h2><p>Biomilq was born from a personal pain point. Strickland's son was born early, he had trouble latching, and Strickland, a cell biologist, struggled to stimulate enough milk. She ended up <a href="https://www.insider.com/ashley-graham-shared-video-pumping-breast-milk-in-uber-2020-3">"pumping constantly</a>," she previously told Insider, and felt worn down by messaging that if <keyword id="6380137" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="breastfeeding">breastfeeding</keyword> didn't come easily, she just had to try harder. </p><p>She began growing mammary cells in a lab in 2013, but it wasn't until 2019 that she partnered with food scientist Michelle Egger to launch the startup Biomilq. </p><div type="image" title="Biomilq founders" height="2935" width="4402" msid="83152499" hostid="261"></div><p>In February 2020, the pair <a href="https://medium.com/@BIOMILQ/breakthrough-two-women-produce-breastmilk-outside-the-body-18dd5a622ac9">announced</a> their lab-grown mammary cells made the two key components of breast milk: lactose and casein - a pivotal step in creating a cultured breast milk that's "nutritionally equivalent" to the real thing. </p><p>Then, in June 2020, <a href="https://www.biomilq.com/post/design-a-stunning-blog">the pair announced</a> they'd secured $3.5 million from investors, including <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/list-of-clean-energy-startups-bill-gates-is-backing-2020-4">Breakthrough Energy Ventures</a>, Bill Gates' billion dollar fund focused on climate change.</p><p>Egger told Insider the team expects to launch the breast milk product in just over three years, once they've learned more about how the cells best thrive outside the body, checked all the safety boxes, and gained approval from regulators.</p><p>Biomilq will look similar to milk, she said, and the team is strategizing how to reduce costs so the product won't be significantly more expensive than formula.</p><p>"We look forward to providing a product that overcomes financial, geographic, and time barriers that would otherwise limit access to another infant feeding option," Egger said. </p><h2>Biomilq isn't superior to breast milk</h2><p>The <a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/breastfeeding/conditioninfo/recommendations">American Academy of Pediatrics</a> recommends babies exclusively breastfeed for the first six months of life since extensive research links breastfeeding with a <a href="https://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/making-decision-breastfeed">host of physical and mental health benefits</a> for both the birthing parent and baby, including protection from childhood leukemia and bonding between parent and infant.</p><p>Formula - while "a safe, relatively affordable, thoughtfully designed, rigorously tested, and continually improving" alternative, according to pediatrician Dr. Kelly Fradin - can't replicate all of those benefits since it's not human-made. Instead, it comes from cows, plants, or both.</p><p>Formula can also be <a href="https://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/making-decision-breastfeed">harder for the baby to digest</a> and doesn't adapt to the infant's changing needs like breast milk. </p><div type="image" title="baby bottle" height="1328" width="2000" msid="83152513" hostid="261"></div><p>Biomilq's founders don't claim their product is identical to breast milk in every way - it doesn't morph to a specific baby's needs, offer the same <a href="https://www.insider.com/how-long-should-you-breastfeed">protections for a baby's immune system,</a> or reflect a mother's diet.</p><p>"We have no intention to replace chestfeeding, so we're comfortable with the differences between our product and breast milk," Egger said in the press release. "Instead, we intend to offer parents another supplemental feeding option to nourish healthier babies, empower parents through choice, and contribute to a healthier planet."</p><h2>The product could especially benefit non-biological parents and babies with allergies</h2><p>Clare Rager, a mom in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who breastfed her now-toddler for the first four months, previously told Insider she's on board with cultured breast milk.</p><p>She thinks it could especially come in handy for dads, <a href="https://www.insider.com/things-not-to-do-after-youve-adopted-a-child-different-race-culture-2018-11">non-biological parents</a>, or parents whose babies have food allergies. She wouldn't choose it over human breast milk, though, due to its inability to <a href="https://www.insider.com/breast-milk-may-help-identify-treatments-coronavirus-2020-5">transmit antibodies and build up the baby's immune system</a>.</p><p>Another mom told Insider she worried the product could make parents feel even worse about choosing formula over breastfeeding. </p><p>Fradin, the pediatrician, is more hopeful.</p><p>"I am so glad to see technology innovate around the subject of feeding babies," she told Insider. "It's hard to imagine the product reaching large-scale distribution due to barriers such as cost, convenience, and safety, but I agree with their founders that there is a lot of room for research to improve our understanding of breast milk." </p>

Scientists say they've made the first 'human' breast milk in a lab, and it'll be available in about 3 years

<ul class="summary-list"><li>There were many important scientific discoveries unrelated to COVID-19 this year.</li><li>Scientists have studied and developed new treatments for everything from depression to rare genetic disease.</li></ul><p><keyword id="11908717" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="2021" source="Orion">2021</keyword> was another big year for coronavirus <keyword id="12094404" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="research" source="Orion">research</keyword>, as vaccines were authorized and new treatments developed. But the scope of scientific discovery extended beyond the pandemic into other areas of <keyword id="11894571" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="health" source="Orion">health</keyword>.</p><p>This year, we saw advancements in treating other illnesses big and small, from groundbreaking to wacky.</p><p>Here are six of the most remarkable health discoveries of the year. </p><h2><strong>Medical psychedelics</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Psilodep psychedelic research at Imperial College London" height="2664" width="3552" msid="88523947" hostid="261"></div><p>Psychedelic drugs have shown promise for treating several mental health conditions in recent years. In 2021, two studies reinforced the success of mind-altering substances in combination with therapy.</p><p>For people with post-traumatic stress disorder, the party drug MDMA may offer some relief. In a phase 3 clinical trial with results published in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01336-3.pdf">Nature Medicine</a>, 67% of patients who received MDMA along with talk therapy saw such an improvement that they no longer qualified for the diagnosis two months after treatment.</p><p>Separately, the <a href="https://ir.compasspathways.com/news-releases/news-release-details/compass-pathways-announces-positive-topline-results">largest randomized controlled trial of psilocybin</a>, the active ingredient in "magic" mushrooms, found that the hallucinogenic-assisted therapy significantly reduced symptoms of treatment-resistant depression.</p><p>In an <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032994">earlier study</a> of psilocybin as a treatment for depression (April vs. November), two sessions with the psychedelic worked "at least as well" as a daily dose of escitalopram, the antidepressant also known as Lexapro.</p><h2><strong>A blood test that spots 50 types of cancer</strong></h2><div type="image" title="Blood sample" height="3398" width="4530" msid="88523949" hostid="261"></div><p>A new technology could reveal early signs of more than 50 types of cancer based on a single blood draw.</p><p>The <a href="https://www.galleri.com/hcp/the-galleri-test">Galleri test</a>, made by biotech giant Illumina, looks for DNA fragments in the blood that could signal the presence of cancer. Those fragments can also point to the location of a tumor with "high accuracy," giving patients a head start on diagnosis and treatment.</p><p>In <a href="https://www.annalsofoncology.org/article/S0923-7534%2821%2902046-9/fulltext#%20">clinical trials</a> involving people who had already been diagnosed with cancer, the Galleri test identified 51.9% of cancers at any stage of development. However, the test could come in handy for catching cancers that are not diagnosed at regular screenings.</p><p>Doctors <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cancer-detecting-blood-tests-are-set-to-hit-the-market-by-2022-2021-10">previously told Insider</a> that the Galleri test and similar diagnostics need to improve their success rates, but they could make a real difference for individual patients. Early diagnosis has been proven to improve cancer outcomes and may let patients avoid the physical toll of chemotherapy.</p><p>The "liquid biopsy" is advertised to return results within 10 business days, and it's meant to be ordered by healthcare providers along with other screening tools. Although the FDA approval hasn't come through yet, you can get a Galleri test with a doctor's prescription for $949. </p><h2><strong>The first treatment for progeria</strong></h2><div type="image" title="sibling with progeria" height="2661" width="3548" msid="88523951" hostid="261"></div><p><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/progeria/symptoms-causes/syc-20356038">Progeria</a> is a genetic disease that causes features of premature aging in roughly 400 children worldwide. Until recently, there was no treatment to slow the progression of disease. It's typically fatal after an average of 13 years.</p><p><a href="https://www.zokinvy.com/">Zokinvy</a>, a new drug developed by Eiger Pharmaceuticals this year, can extend that lifespan by about 2.5 years. Zokivny is the first and only FDA-approved treatment for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, and it works by preventing the buildup of detective proteins.</p><p>Those faulty proteins, called progerin, typically cause cells to die and damage the heart and bones. Children with progeria usually die of heart failure or stroke, according to <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/progeria/symptoms-causes/syc-20356038">Mayo Clinic</a>.</p><p>In clinical trials, Zokivny prolonged lifespans by an average of 2.5 yeaand either reduced or delayed the onset of symptoms associated with the disease. The earlier the <keyword id="12037532" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="medicine" source="Orion">medicine</keyword> was given, the greater the benefit.</p><h2><strong>An implant to heal the ACL</strong></h2><div type="image" title="ACL knee injury" height="3491" width="4655" msid="88523953" hostid="261"></div><p>The ACL, or the anterior cruciate ligament, is the most common source of knee injury, according to a 2016 report in the <a href="https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-clinical-orthopaedics-and-trauma">Journal of Clinical Orthopedics and Trauma</a>.</p><p>The injury is as devastating as it is common. Repairing a torn ACL can involve multiple surgeries or even a full reconstruction, which requires removing a healthy tendon for grafting and means a lengthier recovery.</p><p>A new knee implant recently approved by the FDA can "basically stimulate the ACL to heal itself," Martha Murray, MD, orthopedic surgeon-in-chief at Boston Children's Hospital and creator of the BEAR implant, said in a <a href="https://miachortho.com/about-us/news-and-events/2021/miach-orthopaedics-announces-us-commercial-availability-of-bear-implant-to-treat-acl-tears/">press release</a>. </p><p>The groundbreaking device, made of bovine collagen and a drop of the patient's blood, bridges the gap between the torn ends of the ACL. After a minimally invasive procedure to insert the implant, it can heal the ACL faster and with better patient satisfaction than a reconstruction.</p><h2>A new yeast infection pill</h2><div type="image" title="yeast infection" height="1466" width="1955" msid="88523955" hostid="261"></div><p>Scientists recently developed the first new antifungal drug in more than 20 years to block the growth of Candida, the fungi involved in vaginal yeast infections.</p><p>Over-the-counter treatments for yeast infections work in most cases; however, stubborn cases sometimes persist. A brand-new treatment called <a href="https://www.scynexis.com/news-media/press-releases/detail/264/brexafemme-ibrexafungerp-tablets-receives-2021-popular">Brexafemme</a> offers a departure from existing antifungals. </p><p>Brexafemme works by blocking the creation of a protective coating around the fungi, causing the bug to die off. The medicine remains in the system for as long as two weeks to prevent the infection from returning, according to a press release.</p><p>The drug is now available as a two-tablet formulation to be prescribed by healthcare providers.</p><h2>A close-to-human breast milk formula</h2><div type="image" title="nurse holding bottle of breast milk" height="2699" width="3598" msid="88523958" hostid="261"></div><p>Two female scientists made the first lab-grown batch of breast milk this year, and it could eventually be a solution for parents who cannot or choose not to breastfeed.</p><p><a href="https://www.biomilq.com/">Biomilq</a> is the first cell-cultured milk with the nutritional components and complexity of breast milk, <a href="https://www.insider.com/biomilq-scientists-make-human-breast-milk-in-lab-2021-6">Insider reported in June</a>. It's made from mammary cells grown in a lab, rather than adding up ingredients to make something similar to the real thing.</p><p>While Biomilq may be more nutritionally complex than formula, the founders don't claim that it's an exact replacement for breast milk. It cannot reflect a mother's diet or pass on important immune protections from the parent to child. However, it will offers an alternative to formula when it reaches the market.</p><p>The founders previously told Insider they expect Biomilq will be available to consumers in about three years. After more research and approval from regulators, they also hope to bring the cost down to make the breast milk product financially accessible.</p>

The 6 most mind-blowing human health discoveries of 2021

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Biomilq is a company trying to create a lab-grown equivalent of breast milk.</li><li>Founders Michelle Egger, a food scientist, and Leila Strickland, a cell biologist, announced in February they had successfully created the central protein and sugar components in breast milk. </li><li>While they don't aim to replace breast milk, they hope the future product will be "nutritionally equivalent" to it and better than formula. </li><li>One June 16, the team announced it had raised $3.5 million from Bill Gates' Breakthrough Energy Ventures to continue their work.  </li></ul><p>When Leila Strickland was pregnant with her first child, she worried about the impending <a href="https://www.insider.com/award-winning-photos-show-terror-joy-giving-birth-2020-2">labor and delivery</a>. </p><p>But thoughts about what would happen after that — like <keyword id="6380137" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="breastfeeding">breastfeeding</keyword> — didn't take up much emotional real estate. What was there to think about except the fact that she would do it because "breast is best?" Her own mom had breastfed her until she was two. </p><p>"I had the expectation that that this is something of course my body would be able to do," Strickland, a cell biologist in North Carolina, told Insider. </p><p>In reality, her son was born early, he had trouble latching, and she struggled to stimulate enough milk. She ended up <a href="https://www.insider.com/ashley-graham-shared-video-pumping-breast-milk-in-uber-2020-3">"pumping constantly"</a> and felt beat down by messaging that if breastfeeding didn't come easily, she just had to try harder. </p><p>"Being unable to do this really critical thing that I hadn't anticipated struggling with and that I knew was super important really affected how I felt about myself as a woman and as a mother," Strickland said. </p><p>Now, about 10 years later, Strickland and food scientist Michelle Egger are aiming to help new moms with breastfeeding challenges by giving them what they say is an option that's superior to formula: Lab-grown breast milk.</p><p>While the product is still in development, they believe the components they've created so far are enough to get them there in the near future. The pair has now raised $3.5 million to accelerate the journey of <a href="https://www.biomilq.com/">Biomilq</a>, their startup. </p><p>Securing the funding in the midst of a pandemic was challenging, but necessary, Egger said, because babies need to eat, global crisis or not. "No matter what else changes," she said, "infant nutrition is still going to be fundamentally important for generations to come." </p><p><div type="image" title="Biomilq founders Leila Strickland (left) and Michelle Egger" height="2000" width="3000" msid="76411104" hostid="261"></div></p><h2>Strickland and Egger say they've created the two main components in breast milk</h2><p>Though Strickland has been growing mammary cells in a lab since 2013, she didn't partner with Egger and launch Biomilq until last year. </p><p>In February, they announced they had reached a pivotal step in achieving their goal of creating a cultured breast milk that's "nutritionally equivalent" to the real thing. They had proven, they <a href="https://medium.com/@BIOMILQ/breakthrough-two-women-produce-breastmilk-outside-the-body-18dd5a622ac9">wrote on Medium</a>, that their lab-grown mammary cells made the two key components of breast milk: lactose and casein. </p><p>"We are the first company to produce vital components of milk together within the same system using a process that is sterile from start to finish and free of all contamination," they wrote. "Most importantly, this innovation allows us to create the full constellation of complex components in perfect proportion." </p><p>When the coronavirus hit, they focused what could be done remotely: hiring and seeking investors.</p><p>They were successful. On June 16, <a href="https://www.biomilq.com/post/design-a-stunning-blog">the pair announced</a> they'd secured $3.5 million from investors with environmental and infant <keyword id="6354750" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="health">health</keyword> missions, including <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/list-of-clean-energy-startups-bill-gates-is-backing-2020-4">Breakthrough Energy Ventures</a>, Bill Gates' billion dollar fund focused on climate change; Blue Horizon Ventures; Purple Orange Ventures; and entrepreneur Sh azi Visram.</p><p>While the timing of the product's release  will depend largely on  regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration, Egger said, the funding should quicken that and other processes including technology development and discussions with doctors, lactation consultants, parents, and other infant nutrition experts. </p><p><div type="image" title="Breast milk pump" height="1667" width="2500" msid="76411107" hostid="261"></div></p><h2>Cultured breast milk aims to mimic many of the qualities of human-made breast milk</h2><p>The <a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/breastfeeding/conditioninfo/recommendations">American Academy of Pediatrics</a> and the World Health Organization recommend babies exclusively breastfeed for the first six months of life. The guidance is based on extensive research showing that breastfeeding is linked to a host of physical and mental health benefits for both the birthing parent and baby. </p><p>Breast milk's changing makeup, for example, helps protect babies from issues like childhood leukemia and obesity, and is <a href="https://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/making-decision-breastfeed">associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes</a> and certain cancers in the birthing parent. The process of breastfeeding, too, has its own benefits, including helping a new parent heal from childbirth and encouraging bonding between the parent and infant. </p><p>Formula — while "a safe, relatively affordable, thoughtfully designed, rigorously tested, and continually improving" alternative, according to pediatrician Dr. Kelly Fradin — can't replicate all of those benefits since it's not made from human-made. Instead, it comes from cows, plants, or both.</p><p>Plus, formula can be harder for the baby to digest and doesn't adapt to the infant's changing needs like breastmilk, according to the US Department of Health and Human Service's <a href="https://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/making-decision-breastfeed">Office on Women's Health</a>. </p><p>Biomilq's founders don't claim their future product will be identical to breast milk in every way — it won't morph to a specific baby's needs or offer the same <a href="https://www.insider.com/how-long-should-you-breastfeed">protections for a baby's immune system</a> — but they do expect it to produce all 2,500-some components of human breast milk since a single cell, the human mammary epithelial cell, produces them all. </p><p>Because they've proven their lab-grown mammary cell produce lactose and casein, they have reason to believe the cells will produce everything else. </p><h2>Pediatric health experts and moms see promise in the product, with some drawbacks </h2><p>Clare Rager, a mom in Cambridge Massachusetts who breastfed her now 10-month-old for the first four months, though it was painful, told Insider her initial reaction to cultured breast milk was, "that's really cool, I'm totally on board."</p><p>She thinks it could especially come in handy for dads, <a href="https://www.insider.com/things-not-to-do-after-youve-adopted-a-child-different-race-culture-2018-11">non-biological parents</a>, or parents whose babies have food allergies and can't tolerate breast milk after their birthing parent has eaten that allergen. She wouldn't choose it over human breastmilk, though, due to its inability to <a href="https://www.insider.com/breast-milk-may-help-identify-treatments-coronavirus-2020-5">transmit antibodies and build up the baby's immune system</a>.</p><p>Fradin, the pediatrician, told Insider she's optimistic about Biomilq's ability to mimic many of components of breastmilk, saying that "the potential health benefits to infants could be substantial."</p><p><div type="image" title="health baby bottle  parenting kids family children regression toys autism disability cox 10" height="1667" width="2500" msid="76411112" hostid="261"></div></p><p>But a downside, at least when compared to human breastmilk, is the inability to reformulate itself to a baby's needs, she said. "This customization [in human milk] likely helps give preterm babies denser calories and dehydrated babies more water," Fradin said. "Even within the same day, milk produced in the evening varies from that produced in the morning." </p><p>Lab-grown breast milk also won't be able to reflect the birthing parent's diet, something that may help <a href="https://www.insider.com/breast-cancer-diagnosis-after-baby-refuses-to-breastfeed-2019-7">develop babies' palates</a>. </p><p>"Aiming for something nutritionally equivalent [to breastmilk] is a noble and worthwhile goal. I expect the product will not reach that standard," Fradin said. "However, even if it falls short, it could be an improvement over standard formulas." </p><p>Heather Guith, a Washington, DC, mom to an 1-and-a-half-year-old for whom nursing "mostly worked out," told Insider she's skeptical it will be even that. She said she'd only choose it if it were priced similarly to formula — which Egger says it will be, at least eventually — or if her baby had a condition that didn't allow them to digest formulas. </p><p>"Otherwise, I think it's marketing itself as something it's not and making really great parents feel bad about using formula because there might be a 'better' option."</p><p><div type="image" title="breast milk bacteria pumping breastfeeding" height="1335" width="2000" msid="76411115" hostid="261"></div></p><h2>Biomilq doesn't aim to replace breast milk or formula </h2><p>Leiland and Egger maintain that they're not trying to replace breast milk or formula.</p><p>Instead, they want to introduce another option into a decision that has thus far been mostly binary: breastfeed or use infant formula. (A third option, <a href="https://www.insider.com/mom-donated-94-gallons-of-breast-milk-to-28-babies-2019-12">using donor milk</a>, is expensive and limited when accessed via a doctor's prescription, and unregulated when accessed via a black market.) </p><p>"We have had the same two solutions for like a hundred years now ... and breastfeeding is wonderful, but it's not always the best option for everyone. And moms deserve better moms and families deserve better," Egger said. </p><p>"I think pretty much everyone is in agreement that the most important thing is to get fundamental nutrition right for an infant," she said. "And if we have a new tool in our toolbelt that's able to get us there faster or better than the existing options that are sold in the market today, then everyone should be wholeheartedly excited about it." </p><ul class="read-more-links"><li>Read more:</li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/breast-milk-may-help-identify-treatments-coronavirus-2020-5">New moms who've recovered from the coronavirus appear to have a 'strong immune response' to the disease in their breast milk</a></li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/i-stopped-breastfeeding-and-fell-into-a-deep-depression-2019-12"> I thought I would feel free after I stopped breastfeeding. Instead I fell into a deep depression.</a></li><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/how-long-can-breast-milk-sit-out"> How long breast milk can sit out on the counter versus how long you can store it in a refrigerator or freezer</a></li></ul>

Lab-made 'human' breast milk may soon be an option for parents who can't breastfeed but don't want to use formula

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Scientists say they've made the first 'human' breast milk in a lab, and it'll be available in about 3 years

Anna Medaris Miller

The 6 most mind-blowing human health discoveries of 2021

Andrea Michelson

Lab-made 'human' breast milk may soon be an option for parents who can't breastfeed but don't want to use formula

Anna Medaris Miller

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