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<ul><li>It’s going to take <keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>, seven weeks in space before it finally attempts to land on the lunar surface. </li><li>For the first 23 days of its voyage, the satellite will orbit around the Earth to build up its velocity before reaching the point that will be closest for it to enter the Moon’s orbit. </li><li>Vikram, the lander, will separate from the orbiter once its on track around the Moon to ‘free fall’ towards the lunar surface before attempting a ‘soft landing’ that should take approximately 15 minutes. </li></ul>India’s Chandrayaan 2 was <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-chandrayaan-2-india-moon-mission-launches-successfully-at-243-pm/articleshow/70328430.cms">successfully launched </a>towards the Moon yesterday, but the satellite’s journey has only just begun. “Our task is not over yet,” <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/after-chandrayaan-2-launch-isro-chief-k-sivan-lists-out-the-tasks-cut-out-for-the-moon-mission/articleshow/70329956.cms">remarked K Sivan</a>, the chief of the Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>), after Chandrayaan 2 completed its launch sequence yesterday after taking off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) in Sriharikota. The satellite has to reach the Moon by September because the lander, Vikram and the rover, Pragyan, don’t have the durability to withstand the temperature of lunar nights, which can last for over two Earth weeks. The launch vehicle dubbed ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-most-powerful-launcher-will-carry-chandrayaan-2-on-moon-mission/articleshow/70202043.cms">Bahubali</a>’ for its size and capacity did its job of launching <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>6,000 kms further than anticipated. Now, the satellite will have to attempt 15 maneuvers in space before it successfully lands on the Moon. Despite the rush to reach the Moon as soon as possible, it’s going to take 7 weeks because of a simple reason — cruising speed. Bahubali has given Chandrayaan 2 the velocity to carry forward and travel the 384,000 kilometers to the Moon. Circling the Earth to build speed According to the mission schedule, the satellite will spend around 23 days orbiting Earth in geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). This is less than the original amount of time that Chandrayaan 2 was scheduled to spend in orbit around the Earth. ISRO decided to cut down on the time after the launch of the satellite was <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-moon-mission-chandrayaan-2-halted-yet-again/articleshow/68737760.cms">delayed on July 15</a> due to an issue with the GSLV Mark III - M1 launch vehicle. As it orbits the Earth, the spacecraft will continue to get faster. Once Chandrayaan 2 reaches apogee — the farthest point in orbit from Earth — combined with the satellite module’s increased velocity, the final orbit of the satellite will come close to the Moon’s orbit. The 'free fall' Chandrayaan 2 has three components — the lander, the orbiter and the rover. Once in position, it’s going to burn some of the excess fuel to slip into the Moon’s orbit. Vikram, the lander, will then separate from the orbiter to reorient and ‘free fall’ towards the moon. As Vikram comes closer the Moon’s surface, the orbiter will scan the landing site from above and Vikram scans the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-puts-india-on-moon-south-pole-ahead-of-america-russia-china/articleshow/70212854.cms">Moon’s South Pole</a> on its descent. But, in order to ‘land’ on the moon and not ‘crash’, Chandrayaan 2 needs to cushion its fall. That’s where the thrusters come in. Vikram will perform a series of deboosting procedures to in order to ‘soft land’ on the moon. The 15 minutes that it will take to attempt the soft landing near the Moon’s South Pole are going to be the most ‘terrifying moments’ for ISRO, according to Sivan. 15 days of exploring the unexplored Once the Vikram touches down on the Moon, it will release Pragyaan, the rover, onto the Moon. It will cover a distance of approximately 500 meters while leaving behind the Ashoka Chakra and ISRO logo imprinted wherever it wanders. The three modules will <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-india-moon-mission-14-high-tech-instruments-to-look-for-water/articleshow/69867398.cms">carry out scientific observations</a> on the Moon for 14 days, and send the data back to Earth. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-chandrayaan-2-gets-delayed-for-a-seventh-time-isro-blames-technical-snag/articleshow/70220868.cms">India’s Chandrayaan 2 gets delayed due to a technical snag, pausing countdown at 56 mins</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-puts-india-on-moon-south-pole-ahead-of-america-russia-china/articleshow/70212854.cms">India's Chandrayaan 2 takes the lead ahead of America, Russia, and China as the first of many missions to the Moon's South Pole</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-mission-will-go-where-no-country-has-ever-gone-before/articleshow/70202045.cms">Chandrayaan-2 mission will go where no country has ever gone before</a>

Here’s why it’s going to take 7 weeks for Chandrayaan 2 to reach the Moon

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has plans to launch its very first geo imaging satellite (GISAT 1) on March 5.</li><li>The satellite has five multispectral cameras capable of scanning the entire Indian subcontinent every 30 minutes.</li><li>However, the cameras are not capable of peering past clouds or other obstacles in the sky.</li></ul>A new first for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to take place on March 5. Its plans to launch its very first Geo Imaging Satellite (GISAT 1) designed to enhance real-time observations of India. The satellite was originally scheduled to launch in 2017 aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). However, the project was pushed back due to numerous delays. Now, GISAT 1 will be <a href="https://www.vssc.gov.in/VSSC/images/GSLV/LaunchesPlanned.pdf">launched</a> aboard India’s strongest rocket — the ‘Bahubali’ Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) — from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR in Sriharikota at 5:43 pm. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="8281" retweetcount="1319" status="GSLV-F10 is scheduled to launch Geo Imaging Satellite, GISAT-1 on March 05, 2020 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SH… https://t.co/bWBsmyZrpG" createdat="1582646889000" id="1232336490526494720"></div>



 Features of the GISAT 1 The aim of the GISAT 1 is to help monitor natural hazards using the 4-meter wide payload’s <a href="http://www.aprsaf.org/annual_meetings/aprsaf19/pdf/program/day3/5_CountryReport_Dr.Dadhwal.pdf">five multispectral cameras</a>. The cameras are capable of scanning the entire country every 30 minutes at a spatial resolution of 50 meters. However, if a specific area has been selected, the satellite can generate a field image every five minutes. 
	
 <div type="image" title="gisat1" msid="74311976" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>




 The main camera — 700mm Ritchey-Chretien telescope — is based on the design of the Cartosat 2 satellite. The remaining four cameras capture high-resolution multi-spectral and hyper-spectral images. However, unlike previous observation satellites, the cameras aren’t equipped to peer through the cloud cover. This means that they need a cloud-free sky in order to operate efficiently. 
 <div type="image" title="gisat2_edited" msid="74311987" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;GISAT 1 preparing for launch&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 According to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190103095037/https://nrsc.gov.in/sites/all/pdf/GISAT-UIM-3Jan2016_V3_Alok_2.pdf">ISRO</a>, the GISAT 1’s cameras are going to, “tap new functionalities hitherto not covered by existing LEO and GEO missions like fast revisit capabilities, real-time monitoring, high resolution multispectral and hyperspectral imaging — all on a single, agile, jitter-free platform.” The GISAT 1 weighs around 2227 kilos and will be placed in geostationary orbit by the GSLV F-10 at an altitude of 35,768 kilometres. After the successful launch of GISAT 1, ISRO plans to launch its twin satellite — the GISAT 2, which have the same specifications — in the near future. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indias-new-rocket-will-let-isro-launch-satellites-month-on-month/articleshow/73892024.cms">India’s new rocket will let ISRO launch satellites month-on-month</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a>

ISRO's first geo imaging satellite can scan India every 30 minutes

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has its ‘hands full’ with 13 missions planned up until March, according to the agency’s chairman, K. Sivan. </li><li>ISRO has also planned to test and launch its new Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) during the same time period.</li><li>ISRO plans to break into the <keyword id="8379060" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="small-satellite-launch-market">small satellite launch market</keyword> with the SSLV, which cuts down the preparation time for a mission from months to just three days.</li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) just completed the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-launches-cartosat-3-and-13-us-satellites-in-27-minutes/articleshow/72251725.cms">successful launch</a> of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">Cartosat-3</a> and 13 US satellites. And, it’s only the beginning. The agency has its ‘hands full’ until March with 13 planned launches, according to the chairman, K Sivan. "We are having 13 mission up till March. These 13 missions comprise of 6 large vehicle missions and 7 satellite missions… Our hands are full," he said at the post-launch press conference. A new rocket in the works The Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) is a new design by ISRO which is expected to conduct its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-new-company-just-made-its-first-sale-to-an-american-firm-to-come-aboard-a-rocket-that-doesnt-exist-yet/articleshow/70588829.cms">maiden flight</a> in January. The rocket is based on the design of another ISRO rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) but the final changes are yet to be unveiled. Since it’s a smaller rocket it can only carry 500 kilograms, but its main selling point isn’t its capacity — but the time it takes to get ready. According to ISRO, it will only take three days to prepare for an SSLV launch as compared to the months it takes to prepare for launches using other rockets. "The small satellite ecosystem is expanding at an accelerated pace," according to ResearchAndMarkets <a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-small-satellite-launch-services-market-h1-2019---2033---growing-demand-for-launch-and-the-onset-of-scheduled-dedicated-launch-services-300964484.html">report</a>. India is one of the players in the market that sees the demand for more rideshare capacity. It plans to meet the upcoming demand by providing dedicated services and launch flexibility. Even though the details of the rocket haven’t been officially disclosed, it has already landed its first customer — Spaceflight. The company bought a payload aboard the SSLV in August. Sivan told <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/isros-mini-launcher-sslv-is-unborn-but-has-2-flights-booked/article28859854.ece">The Hindu</a> that a single earth observation satellite will be launched to test the SSLV before the end of the year before the rocket is launched commercially in early 2020. Large vehicle launches Since the SSLV is the smallest vehicle that ISRO has, large vehicle missions imply that ISRO will be using the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) that can launch up to 2-tonne class of communication satellites or the PSLV rockets that can carry up to 1,750 kilograms. The upgraded variant of the GSLVs, the GSLV Mk III, is capable of launching 4-tonne class of satellites. It’s also called the ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/countdown-for-bahubali-to-fly-with-chandrayaan-2-to-begin-on-sunday/articleshow/70202041.cms">Bahubali</a>’ of rockets and was used to launch India’s second mission to the moon — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-most-powerful-launcher-will-carry-chandrayaan-2-on-moon-mission/articleshow/70202043.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>. Missions using these rockets are launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota. "As usual, team ISRO will rise to the occasion to meet the challenges and requirements, and make every mission a grand success," said Sivan. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-launches-cartosat-3-and-13-us-satellites-in-27-minutes/articleshow/72251725.cms">ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">Here’s what’s special about India’s Cartosat-3 launch </a> <a href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/isro-begins-26-hour-countdown-for-launch-of-cartosat-3-satellite-119112600617_1.html">ISRO starts its 26-hour countdown for launch of Cartosat-3</a>

ISRO has its 'hands full' with 13 launches and the test of its new rocket before March

<ul><li> <keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>, India's second mission to the Moon, just launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota in India.</li><li>The satellite has successfully separated from the launch vehicle is in the geostationary transfer orbit.</li><li><keyword id="45499" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan">Chandrayaan</keyword> 2 is expected to reach the Moon in Septermber after a 48 day journey through space.</li></ul>India’s satellite to the Moon, Chandrayaan 2, witnessed a successful launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Center (SDSC) at Sriharikota today afternoon at 2:34 pm. “The satellite has successfully separated from the launch vehicle,” K. Sivan, ISRO chairman, told the press after Chandrayaan successfully separated from its launch vehicle, the ‘Bahubali’ GSLV Mark III. 
 
 <div type="image" title="Sriharikota: A view of the Chandrayaan-2 onboard GSLV-Mk0III-M1 at the Satish Dh..." msid="70328499" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A view of the Chandrayaan-2 onboard GSLV-Mk0III-M1 at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh. Chandrayaan-2 comes 11 years after ISRO&amp;#39;s successful first lunar mission Chandrayaan-1 which scripted history by making more than 3,400 orbits around the Moon and was operational for 312 days till August 29, 2009.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>




 In fact, the launch went better than expected with GSLV Mark III launching Chandrayaan 2 6000kms further than expected giving the the satellite more fuel and life for its maneuvers later in the journey. 
 
 
 
 
 <div type="ExtQuote" text="My dear friends, today is a historical day for space, science and technology in India. I’m extremely happy to announce that GSLV Mark III successfully injected Chandrayaan 2 in the defined orbit. Infact, orbit is 6000kms more than what we expected." auname="K. Sivan at Chandrayaan 2 post launch press conference"></div>









 India may be the fourth nation after the United States, Russia and China to land on the Moon but it will be the first one to ever land on the natural satellite’s South Pole. This is also India’s 73rd launch mission from SDSC. Take-off after tweaked countdown The 24-hour countdown began a little later than scheduled at 6:43 on Sunday evening because ISRO was reportedly <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-scientists-tweak-chandrayaan-2-countdown-to-avoid-the-number-13/articleshow/70324534.cms">superstitious about avoiding Rahu Kalaam.</a> Chandrayaan 2 received authorisation of the launch from the mission director 18 minutes ahead of the launch following which the vehicle director and cryo chief will authorised the vehicle operations sequence. During the launch's initial stage, the S200 burners are ignited on ground. Following which the L1 10 rocket was ignited, one of the primary engines of the GSLV Mark III vehicle. The S200's subsequently separated after which the launch was under close loop guidance which was followed by the vehicle's shedding its heat shields. The cryogenic stage then ignited and performance was reported as normal at 204 kms around 405 minutes into the launch. The crygenic stage burnt out after 8 more minutes and the satellite successfully separated from the launch vehicle to enter geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). The Chandrayaan 2 will undergo 15 crucial maneuvers before actually landing on the Moon’s South Pole. Chandrayaan 2’s journey through space Chandrayaan 2 is going to attempt a soft landing on the Moon’s South Pole — one of the most cratered lunar surfaces. K. Sivan, the ISRO chairman, has dubbed the 15 minutes of that land to be the ‘most terrifying’ that the team will face during the mission. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">Chandrayaan 2 will give India bragging rights even if it doesn’t find water</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-scientists-tweak-chandrayaan-2-countdown-to-avoid-the-number-13/articleshow/70324534.cms">ISRO scientists tweak Chandrayaan 2 countdown to avoid the number '13'</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/after-chandrayaan-2-launch-isro-chief-k-sivan-lists-out-the-tasks-cut-out-for-the-moon-mission/articleshow/70329956.cms">ISRO Chief K Sivan says Chandrayaan 2 "bounced back with flying colours" but that task is not over yet</a>

With the Chandrayaan 2 launch, India's historic Moon mission has taken off

<ul><li>Extensive data has been acquired from Chandrayaan-2 payloads and parameters are being derived for presence of water-ice in the polar regions, X-ray based and infrared spectroscopic mineral information, and mid and high-latitude presence of Argon-40, a condensable gas on the Moon which gets released internally by the radio-active decay, said <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> </li><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) also said Tuesday marked an year of the launch of India's second moon mission by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)-MkIII-M1.</li><li>It was on July 22, 2019, the GSLV rocket, nicknamed 'Bahubali', blasted off from the second launch pad at India's rocket port in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh.</li></ul> The Indian space agency on Tuesday said public release of science data from Chandrayaan-2 for global use will begin in October. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="77103682" title="Chandrayaan 2’s data release will include the highest-resolution 3D map of the Moon and information from its 8 high tech instruments" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) also said Tuesday marked an year of the launch of India's second moon mission by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)-MkIII-M1. It was on July 22, 2019, the GSLV rocket, nicknamed 'Bahubali', blasted off from the second launch pad at India's rocket port in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. Extensive data has been acquired from Chandrayaan-2 payloads and parameters are being derived for presence of water-ice in the polar regions, X-ray based and infrared spectroscopic mineral information, and mid and high-latitude presence of Argon-40, a condensable gas on the Moon which gets released internally by the radio-active decay, said ISRO. The report on the major findings from Chandrayaan-2's science experiments was planned to be released at the Annual Lunar Planetary Science Conference in March. However, it got cancelled due to Covid-19. The Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft was inserted into lunar orbit on August 20, 2019. All eight payloads on Chandrayaan-2 are performing well. The global mapping of lunar surface and polar coverage are being carried out as per the mission plan, ISRO said. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/coovid-vaccine-from-oxford-serum-institute-and-astrazeneca-shows-promising-immune-response/articleshow/77069321.cms">The COVID-19 vaccine from Oxford and Astrazeneca shows 'promising' results in early human trials</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/from-intel-and-wipro-to-tcs-and-google-here-are-the-top-job-openings-in-the-multinational-companies/articleshow/77058769.cms">From Intel and Wipro to TCS and Google— Here are the top job openings in the multinational companies</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/checkout-upcoming-affordable-smartphone-oneplus-nord-launch-price-specifications-features/articleshow/77061620.cms">OnePlus Nord launch price, specs and more – Everything we know about the upcoming affordable OnePlus smartphone</a>

ISRO to release Chandrayaan-2 data globally from October

<ul><li><keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>, India’s mission to land on the Moon’s South Pole, was called off probably due to a leak in the fuel tank. </li><li>But, the mission can still take off — the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has a launch window lasting one minute every day this month to get the GSLV Mark III-M1 off the ground. </li><li>The pressure drop in the fuel tank was not massive but in light of <keyword id="45499" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan">Chandrayaan</keyword> 2’s significance, ISRO felt it was better to be safe than to be sorry. </li></ul>India’s second lunar mission, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>, was delayed for a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-moon-mission-chandrayaan-2-halted-yet-again/articleshow/68737760.cms">seventh time</a> when the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) called off the launch <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-chandrayaan-2-gets-delayed-for-a-seventh-time-isro-blames-technical-snag/articleshow/70220868.cms">56 minutes</a> before it was scheduled to take off. But, Chandrayaan 2 can still take off in July. ISRO will <a href="https://tech.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/technology/isro-has-a-window-till-july-31-to-attempt-relaunch-of-its-aborted-moon-mission/70234268">reportedly</a> have a one minute window every day, till July 31 to get the mission off the ground. India’s apex space agency attributed the delay to a ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-chandrayaan-2-gets-delayed-for-a-seventh-time-isro-blames-technical-snag/articleshow/70220868.cms">technical snag</a>’. It has come to light that the ‘technical snag’ might have been a fuel leak aboard the launch vehicle, GSLV Mark-III M1 — the ‘Bahubali’ rocket — according to insiders who spoke to the <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/pressure-drop-in-rocket-led-isro-to-abort-moon-mission/articleshow/70237544.cms">Economic Times</a>. Better safe than sorry Reportedly, there was a 10% drop in pressure in one of the fuel tanks on the upper stage of the rocket. Had it been any other mission, ISRO would not have stalled take-off, but considering the significance of Chandrayaan 2, the agency decided to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-hailed-for-detecting-chandrayaan-2-glitch-on-time/articleshow/70225523.cms">double check</a> the problem. "It was the right decision to call off Chandrayaan 2 launch. We could not have taken any chance with such a big mission," Ravi Gupta, former Defence Research and Development Organisation's director of public interface, told ANI. This may be a relatively affordable mission when compared to the budget of space exploration missions by India’s counterparts cost around ₹10 billion — less than the budget of Avengers:Endgame — but it’s still one of India’s most expensive missions thus far. LINK What next? The Bahubali rocket and the Chandrayaan 2 satellite are both safe and the fuel has been successfully drained from the launch vehicle, sources tell <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/second-chandrayaan-2-launch-attempt-likely-this-month-after-lift-off-aborted-due-to-technical-snag-s-2069755?pfrom=home-livetv">NDTV.</a> Even though there’s a potential launch window every day this month, there are several criteria that have to line up for a launch to have the maximum probability for success. ISRO is yet to officially announce a new date Chandrayaan 2’s venture to the Moon.

Chandrayaan 2 might take off this month after plugging up its fuel tank leak

<ul><li>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chief, K Sivan, has confirmed for the first time that the agency is working on <keyword id="8011900" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="chandrayaan-3">Chandrayaan 3</keyword>, India's second attempt to land on the Moon. </li><li>Sivan stated that Chandrayaan 3 and <keyword id="6797456" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan">Gaganyaan</keyword> will be ISRO's top priorities in 2020.</li><li>The budget for Chandrayaan 3 is ₹6.51 billion, less than that of Chandrayaan 2 — already lauded for being the cheapest Moon mission ever.</li></ul>India's second mission to the Moon, Chandrayaan 2, might have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-fails-in-the-final-seconds-of-descent-to-moons-south-pole/articleshow/71018196.cms">fallen short of expectations</a> but the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is gearing to take another crack at it. Along with Chandrayaan 3, ISRO will also be busy preparing for its maiden human spaceflight program — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-first-manned-space-mission-might-have-women/articleshow/67486206.cms">Gangayaan.</a> "This is going to be the year of Chandrayaan 3 and Gaganyaan, I would say," said ISRO chairman, K. Sivan, during the New Year's Day <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/01-jan-2020/press-meet-briefing-dr-k-sivan-chairman-isro">press briefing</a>. Sivan also disclosed that ISRO has successfully acquired the land needed to set up a second spaceport in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu. It will be the site for the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-new-company-just-made-its-first-sale-to-an-american-firm-to-come-aboard-a-rocket-that-doesnt-exist-yet/articleshow/70588829.cms">maiden launch of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).</a> The first official confirmation of Chandrayaan 3 Chandrayaan 2's lander, Vikram, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/moon-landing-drama-play-by-play-of-isro-losing-communication-with-chandrayaan-2s-lander/articleshow/71018307.cms">crashed into the Moon</a> on 7 September 2019. Even since then, rumours of Chandrayaan-3 have been making the rounds. However, this is the first time that the ISRO official has confirmed that it's in the works. "One major announcement I wanted to make here, officially, is that Chandrayaan-3 is government-approved. The project is now formed. The activities for Chandrayaan-3 are going very smoothly," Sivan said. Chandrayaan 3 will cost even less than Chandrayaan 2 Sivan explained that Chandrayaan 2's orbiter, successfully circling the Moon at an altitude of 100 kilometres, has the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2s-orbiter-has-seven-and-a-half-years-to-scan-the-surface-of-the-moon/articleshow/71027327.cms">life-span of up to seven years</a>. That is why Chandrayaan 3, will only be carrying a rover and a lander. This will also reduce the cost of the project to ₹6.15 billion rupees instead of the ₹10 billion it cost to launch Chandrayaan 2 — an amount that was already lauded for behind less than the budget of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-cheaper-than-avengers-endgame-what-the-foreign-press-says/articleshow/70208309.cms">Avengers Endgame</a>. The one thing that isn't going to change is the the ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-most-powerful-launcher-will-carry-chandrayaan-2-on-moon-mission/articleshow/70202043.cms">Bahubali</a>' rocket. India's ‘fat boy' geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle (GSLV) will be used, yet again, to launch Chandrayaan 3 towards the Moon. No final launch date for Chandrayaan 3 or Gangayaan While Chandrayaan 3 will be one of ISRO's top priorities in 2020, it's unlikely that the actual launch will take place this year. According to Sivan, it could take up to another 14 to 16 months to complete the spacecraft. He predicts that the launch will only happen in 2021. Even Gangayaan is unlikely to get off the ground in 2020. Sivan did not disclose a launch date for the mission other than it will happen "very soon". Even though these two missions might not be taking off in 2020, ISRO has 5 confirmed launches of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) scheduled this year. This includes the GSAT-20 satellite, NavIC, Indian Data Relay Satellite System, XPOSAT and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-aditya-l1-mission-to-the-sun-objectives-and-goals/articleshow/73032067.cms">Aditya L1, a satellite to study the Sun</a>. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-has-its-hands-full-with-13-launches-and-the-launch-of-its-new-rocket-before-march/articleshow/72253562.cms">ISRO has its 'hands full' with 13 launches and the test of its new rocket before March</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-outlook-2020-indian-private-sector-eyes-30-billion-space-launch-pie/articleshow/72812429.cms">ISRO outlook 2020: Indian private sector eyes $30 billion space launch pie</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-aditya-l1-mission-to-the-sun-objectives-and-goals/articleshow/73032067.cms">8 pictures you must see to understand what ISRO's Aditya L1 is looking for</a>

India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief

<ul><li><keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>, India's second mission to the moon, has been delayed for the seventh time.</li><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) announced that the launch has been scrapped for now due to a 'technical snag'.</li><li>A new perspective launch date for <keyword id="45499" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan">Chandrayaan</keyword> 2 is yet to be announced.</li></ul>India's second lunar mission, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>, was set to take off with much fanfare. But it was called off — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-moon-mission-chandrayaan-2-halted-yet-again/articleshow/68737760.cms">yet again</a> — due to a 'technical snag' with less than an hour before the scheduled take off at 2:15 am, today morning. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="6420" retweetcount="1955" status="A technical snag was observed in launch vehicle system at 1 hour before the launch. As a measure of abundant precau… https://t.co/N2YBX8bbPj" createdat="1563140389000" id="1150520298761936896"></div>



 In a press conference late, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) officially declared that it wouldn't be possible for Chandrayaan 2 to make the launch window. "A technical snag was noticed. We first have to approach the vehicle to assess the problem. First we have to empty the fuel loaded in the rocket, then the rocket will be taken back for further investigation," an ISRO official told IANS. "This process will take 10 days after that only we can decide on the launch schedule," he added. This makes it the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-moon-mission-chandrayaan-2-halted-yet-again/articleshow/68737760.cms">seventh time</a> that India has tried to get Chandrayaan 2 off the ground but circumstances have gotten in the way. Are we there yet? The launch was progressing as planned with ISRO announcing that the launch vehicle, GSLV Mark III-M1 — called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/countdown-for-bahubali-to-fly-with-chandrayaan-2-to-begin-on-sunday/articleshow/70202041.cms">Bahubali</a> or India's 'Fat Boy' rocket — had completed fuelling an hour before the launch. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="4102" retweetcount="759" status="Filling of Liquid Hydrogen in Cryogenic stage of #GSLVMkIII-M1 completed. #Chandrayaan2 #ISRO Stay tuned for more updates.." createdat="1563134672000" id="1150496319212941312"></div>



 Even though there was a slight drizzle at the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, the space agency said it would have no impact on the launch. But amid conducting final checks, the countdown clock was paused at 56 minutes leaving onlookers wondering what had gone wrong. Soon after, it was announced that Chandrayaan 2 wouldn't be coinciding with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/8-of-the-surviving-apollo-astronauts-got-together-for-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-moon-landing-and-buzz-aldrins-outfit-stole-the-show/articleshow/68729845.cms">Apollo 11's 50th Anniversary</a>. ISRO is yet to announce a new date for the mission . The world watches India The Chandrayaan 2 mission has been in the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/heres-why-chandrayaan-2-is-landmark-moon-mission-for-india/articleshow/69842571.cms">international spotlight</a> since it put India in the elite group of countries — Russia, China and the US — who have successfully managed to land on the Moon. It was also make India the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-chandrayaan-2-takes-the-lead-ahead-of-america-russia-and-china-as-the-first-of-many-missions-to-the-moons-south-pole/articleshow/70212854.cms">first country</a> to land on the South Pole of the Moon, which is a feat in itself since there are a lot more craters to navigate while landing as compared to other regions of the lunar surface. Getting Chandrayaan 2 off the ground is only one part of the equation. The soft landing on the Moon, which should take around 15 minutes, is going to be a bigger challenge. As K Sivan, the ISRO chief <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/chandrayaan-2-to-launch-on-july-15-confirms-isro/articleshow/69754244.cms">puts it</a>, "Those 15 minutes will be the most terrifying moment for us." See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/heres-why-chandrayaan-2-is-landmark-moon-mission-for-india/articleshow/69842571.cms">India's second moon mission Chandrayaan 2 that will cost ₹10 billion will break new records</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-puts-india-on-moon-south-pole-ahead-of-america-russia-china/articleshow/70212854.cms">India's Chandrayaan 2 takes the lead ahead of America, Russia, and China as the first of many missions to the Moon's South Pole</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-why-indias-isro-is-going-to-the-moon/articleshow/69893150.cms">Chandrayaan 2 will give India bragging rights even if it doesn't find water</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-india-moon-mission-14-high-tech-instruments-to-look-for-water/articleshow/69867398.cms">India's second mission to the moon will use these 14 high-tech instruments to look for water</a>

India’s Chandrayaan 2 gets delayed due to a technical snag, pausing countdown at 56 mins

<ul><li><keyword id="7940647" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="mission-mangalyaan">Mission Mangalyaan</keyword> is commended for being the cheapest ever <keyword id="452868" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-to-Mars">mission to Mars</keyword>, which was successful on a budget of ₹4.5 billion. </li><li>Its cost was less than the budget of the upcoming movie based on the event, <keyword id="1961443" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="mission-mangal">Mission Mangal</keyword> which was produced for ₹5 billion. </li><li>But its limited budget meant that it was only a technology demonstration mission for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) rather than one focused on collecting scientific data. </li></ul>The upcoming Bollywood movie, Mission Mangal, set to release on August 15th celebrates India's successful maiden mission to Mars — Mangalyaan. An ensemble cast consisting of <keyword id="2823" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Akshay-Kumar">Akshay Kumar</keyword>, Vidya Balan and Sharman Joshi all star in a movie that showcases India's space mission. <div type="image" title="66816772_10156986660608283_8557114509213302784_n_edited" msid="70498336" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Cast of &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Mission Mangal &amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 Mission Mangalyaan, or the Mars Orbiter Mission (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/India-Is-Pioneering-The-Low-Cost-Mission-To-Mars/articleshow/25239899.cms">MOM</a>), is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/Mangalyaan-Makes-Its-Way-To-Times-Best-Inventions-of-2014-List/articleshow/45260385.cms">lauded</a> for being the cheapest ever mission to Mars which a budget of ₹4.5 billion (₹450 crore). It's also how India came to be the fourth country to land on Mars and the first one to do it successfully on its first attempt. <div type="image" title="mars1_edited" msid="70498480" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan captures its first image of Mars taken from a height of 7300 km&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 Ironically Mission Mangal's <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/akshay-kumar-on-mission-mangal-my-film-2-0-had-a-budget-of-500-crore-india-s-mars-mission-cost-less-than-that/story-bQBoxtyvC1ewHgJXNRhYFN.html">budget</a> is more than that of the actual Mars mission at ₹5 billion (₹500 crore), according to Kumar. But unlike the movie, the story of Mangalyaan doesn't quite end happily ever after. Defying the odds Mission Mangal's trailer shows that the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) had proposed a budget ₹8 billion (₹ 800 crore) to launch Mangalyaan but were only allotted a little more than half that amount for the project. <div type="image" title="mom_edited" msid="70498449" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;First image of the Earth by MCC of Mars Orbiter Spacecraft taken on Nov 19, 2013&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 Innovation and jugaad (cheap quick fix solutions to problems) did help turn the mission. This is in spite of the fact that its ‘chances of success were less than 1%'. And, while Mission Mangal seems to highlight the obstacles that India had to overcome in order to launch Mangalyaan — it could fail to illustrate the fact that it came at a cost. Cost of science In the movie, the project team worries about getting the payloads aboard the rocket. In typical movie fashion, the narrative seems to be skewed towards how they finally managed to ‘fix' it. In reality, ISRO had to drastically cut down on the instruments it had planned to send to Mars because it lacked a rocket with the requisite capacity. Technology like the ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-most-powerful-launcher-will-carry-chandrayaan-2-on-moon-mission/articleshow/70202043.cms">Bahubali</a>' GSLV-Mark III heavy launch vehicle which recently launched the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/heres-why-chandrayaan-2-is-landmark-moon-mission-for-india/articleshow/69842571.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a> mission into space wasn't available back in 2013. Instead, India used its lighter PSLV XL launch vehicle — originally built for the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/what-were-the-challenges-with-chandrayaan-1/articleshow/70202192.cms">Chandrayaan 1</a> and the largest available rocket at the time — to reach Mars. <div type="image" title="pslv-c25-23 (1)_edited" msid="70498392" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan&amp;#39;s PSLV XL C25 rocket taking off in 2013&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 A smaller rocket also meant that it could only carry so much weight. Mangalyaan's payload was only 15 kilograms and it could only take five payloads along. And since ISRO only had 18 months to pull the mission together, the instruments were relatively simple, and could only send back to the most basic of information. <div type="image" title="mars06_edited" msid="70498540" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Mangalyaan&amp;#39;s spacecraft undergoing EMI/EMC test at ISITE ISAC Bangalore&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 To put it in perspective, US' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had five years to work on Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (<keyword id="443648" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="MAVEN">MAVEN</keyword>) — which launched a mere 13 days after MOM. It had a capacity of 65 kilograms, carried eight payloads and cost a total of $671 million. And so, its contribution towards scientific advancement and the understanding of Mars was also much higher. Mangalyaan, on the other hand, the aim was just to get there. ISRO, in the past, stated that Mangalyaan was merely a technology demonstration mission to show India's capabilities in outer space technology. In that sense, it could be termed successful, yet its contribution to understanding the elusive planet, is quite less. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-low-cost-chandrayaan-and-mars-missions-come-at-a-price/articleshow/70226652.cms">India's low cost space missions come at a price</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-commercial-operations-clock-in-over-60-billion-in-revenue-but-leaves-private-players-out-of-the-equation/articleshow/70375311.cms">ISRO's commercial operations clock in over ₹60 billion in revenue but leaves private players out of the equation</a>

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