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Time and again, we have seen and read about many natural disasters that have caused great havoc in the world, killing thousands of people and destroying properties and livelihood. 
 
Despite the fact that the human race has made tremendous technological progress in various fields, predicting and preventing natural disasters is one area where we haven’t been able to surpass the supremacy of Nature. Despite the technological and scientific advancements in this field, and ground breaking developments in weather forecast techniques, disasters at many times cannot be accurately predicted. 
 
Dark days for India 
Any Indian won’t easily forget the destruction caused by the tsunami in Southern India which was triggered by a major earthquake in 2004 and the back-to-back floods in Uttarakhand and Kashmir in 2013 and 2104 respectively. Damages of these floods ranged from $7 billion to $15 billion, impacting more than 2 million Indians. 
 For those of us in the services industry whose mission is to keep organizations’ information technology operations always up and running, or rapidly recover when a disaster strikes, we have a new way of computing that did not exist five years ago – an evolved cognitive system called the <keyword id="816754" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="IBM-Watson">IBM Watson</keyword>. 
 According to a new study by <keyword id="10875" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="IBM">IBM</keyword> and Forbes Insights, cognitive computing is enabling a new class of products and services that sense, reason and learn about their users and the world around them. 
 
The Cognitive Relevance 
Cognitive systems have advanced intuitive capabilities that are similar to humans. They can think, observe and direct a course of action based on facts. They have a capability to radically redefine everyday life and enable organizational transformation by engaging and interacting with the company’s stakeholders to learn and make more informed decisions. As of now, this technology is being used by industries - so far including Healthcare, Education, Retail, Commerce - and has potential to be used by the government and other critical industries. 
 As an example, using weather data and Twitter feeds insurance companies are able to use an application powered by <keyword id="6411673" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Watson">Watson</keyword> for real-time weather insights to alert clients about hazardous conditions, such as a hailstorm, and suggest alternate routes or shelter locations. 
 Airlines have the opportunity to combine real-time and historical data to reduce delays and optimize fuel consumption. Utility services could be able to better predict outages and respond more quickly when <keyword id="93858" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bad-weather">bad weather</keyword> strikes. 
 
IBM keeping the enterprise running with Cognitive 
At IBM, we are investing in new capabilities to help clients move from reactive business continuity and disaster recovery planning to a cognitive and predictive resiliency program. The goal is to avoid the impact of a disaster before it occurs. 
 
Here are some ways that cognitive computing can help keep companies up and running during disasters: 
 
Preempting Failures to avoid it 
Predicting weather events with more accurate probability is only one of many tools in the field of preemptive failures. Cognitive systems can run analyses on different data sets, using correlation analysis and time-series analysis to predict failures. By mapping network service orders with past equipment failures, organizations can see which scenarios would most likely result in a failure and avoid a full-blown breakdown. 
 
Analyze best practices 
Consider two companies with state-of-the-art resiliency plans. In the same scenario, one company is experiencing outages while the other does not. What are they doing differently? The answer might not be obvious. It could be very minor variations in their respective technologies that make all the difference. A cognitive system can compare multiple variables across multiple companies to look for correlations that define the most successful practices. 
 
Integrate the cognitive agent into technical support 
Every moment that a service system is down translates into lost revenue, decreased productivity and frustrated users. A cognitive agent can answer questions with precision to get the systems back online faster whenever there are technical issues. IBM Watson, for example, responds with an answer in less than a second reducing the time it takes to determine the problem by up to 37 percent. 
 
Resiliency Communication as a Service 
Traditional response plans and incident communications may have been acceptable 5 years ago, but not today. Pre-planning still needs to be done – but with a different focus, and engineered into a platform that enables teams to respond quickly, doing the right thing at the right time, and keeping leaders informed as the event progresses. 
 
Rather than lagging behind a disruptive event and sending out-of-date status reports that can be hours old before they are read by the recipient, Resiliency Communication-as-a-Service lets organizations close the gap, and provide near instantaneous updates to decision makers. This improves the quality, accuracy and timeliness of updates enabling improved decision making, reducing the duration of the disruption and mitigating losses. 
 
IBM RCaaS is a fully integrated platform that can receive and track status information not only from human response teams, but critical assets from the Internet of Things (internet connected appliances). In addition to tracking the actions of systems and devices that are part of your response process, it can also issue commands to internet connected devices – whether to unlock secured access points in the event of a fire, or automatically close loading bay doors or hurricane shutters when needed. 
 
In an emergency, speed is essential. Including cognitive analytics in disaster recovery and business continuity plans helps to prioritize the best way to effectively allocate assets to notify customers, restore systems and services and assist employees. 
 
(The article is authored by Vikas Prasad, Associate Director at IBM Global Technology Services for India/South Asia.)

Cognitive Systems: Cutting-Edge Tools for Disaster Management

<ul><li>Monsoon is expected to bring above-average rain showers in the coming two weeks, according to weather officials. </li><li>The weekend — 27-28 July — will receive heavy rainfall in states of Maharashtra, Delhi, West Bengal and Uttarakhand among others. </li><li> Last week, India witnessed low rainfall, 35% below average. </li><li>The monsoon rainfall accounts for 70% of India’s annual rainfall.</li></ul>Monsoons have started late across the country, but looks like they will have an extended run. In the coming two weeks, monsoons are expected to bring in the much needed showers, according to weather officials. “In the next two weeks, we are likely to get above average rainfall, which will be well distributed across the country,” said A K Srivastava, head of the climate research division, <keyword id="6355166" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="India-meteorological-department">India Meteorological Department</keyword> (IMD)<a href="https://in.reuters.com/article/us-india-monsoon/india-to-get-above-average-monsoon-rains-in-next-two-weeks-idINKCN1UK1L7"> told </a>Reuters. Rainy weekend The weekend — 27 to 28 July — will receive heavy rainfall in states of Rajasthan, coastal Maharashtra, Goa, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, interior Maharashtra and Odisha. <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 468pt;"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Indian Cities </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Minimum temp (°C) </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Maximum temp (°C) </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Forecast </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Delhi </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">26 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">33 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Cloudy, moderate rains </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Mumbai </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">24 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">30 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Intermittent and heavy rains </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Kolkata </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">26 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">33 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Thundershowers, light rainfall </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Pune </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">22 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Moderate rains </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Chennai </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">34 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;">Light rainfall </td></tr></tbody></table> Other states with high rainfall and thunderstorms include coastal Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu &amp; Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Assam, Meghalaya, Gujarat and Jharkhand. However, in the national capital Delhi, rains will come with bad air quality, the weather report said. The IMD <keyword id="51704" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="weather-forecast">weather forecast</keyword> aligns with predictions of the<a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/agri-business/strong-monsoon-over-central-india-may-last-for-a-fortnight/article28690027.ece"> Climate Prediction Centre</a> of the US <keyword id="108482" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Weather-Service">National Weather Service</keyword>, which too had predicted monsoon showers between 1-8 August. Drought &amp; Floods This year India had faced extreme weather conditions — floods and droughts. While Chennai is battling water crisis, Assam is struggling with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/no-water-no-food-no-shelter-15-devastating-photos-show-how-destructive-assam-and-bihar-floods-are/articleshow/70291696.cms">floods</a>. Overall, the monsoon was deficient by 17% which impacted the crops. The most affected are cotton and groundnut crops in Gujarat. This late monsoons will bring cheer to Indian farmers and yield summer-sown crops, which have been sagging due to low rainfall. “Good rainfall in the next few days can bring down stress level and accelerate sowing,” said Prerana Desai, Head of Research at Edelweiss Rural &amp; Corporate Services. Over half of the arable land banks on monsoon rains for cultivation as they account for 70% of India’s total rainfall. According to the Agriculture Ministry, crop plantation has been low with summer crop plantation spreading over 56.7 million hectares of land this year. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-is-facing-two-extreme-weather-conditions-together-drought-and-floods-/articleshow/70273165.cms">Bone dry or deluge — the freakish monsoon is killing Indians either way</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chennai-gets-monsoon-showers-but-its-too-little-to-solve-the-water-crisis/articleshow/70342615.cms">Chennai gets monsoon showers, but its too little to solve the water crisis</a>

Top Indian cities brace for a wet weekend after Met Dept forecast two weeks of 'above average' rain

<ul><li>The <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword>’s (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) first launch of 2020 will carry its Earth Observation Satellite-01 (<keyword id="10185146" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="EOS-01">EOS-01</keyword>) into orbit tomorrow, on November 7</li><li>The satellite was previously named the <keyword id="10231482" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="risat-2br2">RISAT 2BR2</keyword> but underwent a change shortly before the launch. </li><li>While surveillance may not be the satellite's primary function, it is capable of imaging any area across India — including its borders. </li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is poised to launch its first set of satellites of 2020 at 3:02 pm on November 7 from the Satish Dhawan Space Center (SDSC) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. This includes nine customer satellites and one of India’s very own Earth Observation Satellite-01 (EOS-01). The customer satellites will come under the ambit of a commercial agreement with New Space India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO’s operations. <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 468pt; table-layout: fixed;"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Country </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Number of satellites </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Mission objective </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Lithuania </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">1 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Technology demonstration </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Luxembourg </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">4 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Maritime applications </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">USA </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">4 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Multi-mission remote sensing </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">India </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">1 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Earth observation </td></tr></tbody></table> Indian space agency’s workhorse rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) - C49 will be carrying the payload into orbit. ISRO’s EOS-01 is capable of military surveillance The objective of the RISAT mission, which includes the EOS-01, is to use its Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for all-weather as well as day-and-night observations. This means that it can peer through cloud cover even when there’s bad weather afoot. The data collected by India’s newest satellite will mostly be used for agriculture, forestry and disaster management support. However, the technology of the RISAT satellites was augmented after the Mumbai terror attacks of 26/11. Therefore, while EOS-01 is not a dedicated military satellite, it is capable of imaging any area across India in great detail — including its borders. This gains significance with India locked in a standoff against China along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Eastern Ladakh. And, India is no stranger to using satellite imagery. The CAROSAT series of satellites are the most capable of military applications amongst ISRO’s arsenal. Images from these satellites were used to plan the surgical strikes on terror launch pads in Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir (PoK) in 2016. The name game around EOS-01 You may not have heard of EOS-01 before 2020 because it used to have a different name. EOS-01 used to be touted as the RISAT 2BR2 satellite, the third in ISRO’s line up of radar imaging image satellites — the RISAT 2B series. However, the name was changed by ISRO ahead of the launch. According to officials, it was because the space agency wanted a more ‘generic’ name. The name-game extends further back. Initially, the RISAT 2BR2 satellite was supposed to be called ‘Sanjay’ after Sanjaya in the Indian epic Mahabharata. “However, the idea was shot down,” Senior Advisor to ISRO, Tapan Misra, told the IANS. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/enterprise/news/aws-expands-india-footprint-with-plans-for-a-second-cluster-of-data-centers-in-hyderabad-by-2022/articleshow/79075220.cms">AWS pumps $2.7 billion into India to set up a second cluster of data centers in Hyderabad by 2022</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/defense/news/india-and-china-slated-to-hold-8th-round-of-military-level-talks-as-troops-gear-up-for-ladakhs-sub-zero-winters/articleshow/79074473.cms">India and China slated to hold 8th round of military-level talks as troops gear up for Ladakh’s sub-zero winters</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/whatsapp-pay-upi-rolls-out-while-google-pay-phonepe-have-already-got-the-first-sting-with-the-npci-cap/articleshow/79075049.cms">WhatsApp Pay UPI is now live while Google Pay, PhonePe have already got the first sting</a>

India's re-named earth observation satellite to launch tomorrow — and it's capable of military surveillance

<ul><li>The <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) has launched its third radar imaging earth observation satellite, RISAT 2-B into space today. </li><li>Over the past ten years, only two such satellites have been launched.</li><li>ISRO Chief, K Sivan, promises that within the coming year, India will see at least five more RISAT launches. </li></ul>India just launched its newest ‘eye in the sky’ at 5:30am today morning. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chief, K Sivan, <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/risat-2br1-satellite-to-be-launched-today-can-see-through-clouds-isro-chief/articleshow/69434236.cms">confirmed</a> that the rocket will take off as scheduled in the morning after which the space agency announced the successful placement of the RISAT-2B in orbit. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="6439" retweetcount="1715" status="🇮🇳 #ISROMissions 🇮🇳 #PSLVC46 successfully injects #RISAT2B into Low Earth Orbit. Here's the view of #RISAT2B separ… https://t.co/YAItevZAfA" createdat="1558484442000" id="1130991839836696576"></div>



 The RISAT-2B satellite will took off from the SHAR Range in Sriharikota — the same location used in April to launch India’s surveillance satellite, <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/01-apr-2019/pslv-c45-successfully-launches-emisat-and-28-customer-satellites">EMISAT</a>. 
 <div type="image" title="3 (1)" msid="69438349" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PSLV-C46 liftoff with the RISAT-2B onboard at 5:30am today morning&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 This isn’t India’s first radar imaging earth observation satellite. It’s not even the second. It’s the third satellite in what ISRO promises to be multiple RISAT launches in the coming year. At least five, according to Sivan — a big step up from just two RISAT launches over the past ten years. Big brother in the sky India’s all-weather observation satellites, the RISATs, watch the India’s borders day and night. The aim is to help the Indian Army keep an eye on uninvited incursions along the border where human partol is difficult and monitor potential terrorist hideouts, and launch pads. In fact, imaging from RISAT-1 and RISAT-2 were <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/surgical-strikes-satellite-images-pakistan-loc-indian-army-344075-2016-09-30">reportedly</a> instrumental in the surgical strike that India carried out in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir in 2016 and again, this year, during the Balakot ariel attack. The need for more surveillance isn’t limited to India’s borders on land, but also extends to the seas. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/2-of-asias-biggest-militaries-are-working-on-a-deal-that-could-give-them-an-edge-over-china/articleshow/66324453.cms">growing presence of China</a> in the Indian Ocean isn’t only a worrying factor for India but also for its neighbouring countries. But, a RISAT satellite can track ships in the can giving India the opportunity to head off any threats. Not just surveillance and reconnaissance Since a 615-kilogram satellite can monitor the Earth — come rain, come shine — it’s also useful in situations of disaster management. Where ordinary cameras depend on light, RISAT’s active sensor, or SAR, can observe the Earth without clouds or bad weather getting in the way. After the successful launch of the RISAT-2B, ISRO plans to launch the RISAT-2BR1, RISAT-2BR2, RISAT-1A and RISAT-2A satellites within the year. The first of these is expected in April, according to India’s apex space agency along with two other defence satellites. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-launches-satellite-to-keep-an-eye-on-pakistan-china-and-bangladesh/articleshow/67634701.cms">India responds to China-Pakistan satellite launch with its own border surveillance satellites</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-launched-polar-satellite-pslv-into-space/articleshow/68665331.cms">India now has an intelligence satellite in space that will watch ‘enemy radars’</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-nasa-just-spotted-a-black-hole-spinning-so-fast-that-it-could-be-making-space-itself-rotate/articleshow/66416605.cms">ISRO, NASA just spotted a black hole spinning so fast that it could be making space itself rotate</a>

India launched its third 'eye in the sky' — and has five more on the way

Technology has come to <keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="100" keywordseo="China">China</keyword>’s rescue to combat <keyword id="902959" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="cross-border-crimes">cross border crimes</keyword>, which has seen a surge in the recent years. China has deployed advanced radars and <keyword id="94769" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="drones">drones</keyword> in its border areas under an integrated round-the- clock frontier monitoring system to check infiltration and drug trafficking on the Indian border in Tibet as well as in <keyword id="46500" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</keyword> and Yunnan regions, <keyword id="3129078" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Mao-Weichen">Mao Weichen</keyword> of the Southwestern Institute of Technology and Physics in Chengdu, who designed the integrated system said. 

	"Our system has been adopted by border defence units in Xinjiang, Tibet, Yunnan and many other regions to curb illegal border crossings and drug trafficking," Ma was quoted as saying by state-run China Daily. 
 

	The system integrates electro-optical devices, radars, communications equipment, command-and-control instruments and tools for image analysis, Mao said. 
 

	Cooperating with patrol teams, it is capable of performing round-the-clock, all-weather surveillance of illegal cross-border movements. 
 

	People trying to cross the border will be detected by the system, which then automatically notifies soldiers, he said, adding that the system can also be used in coastal policing if it is equipped with sea-scanning radar. 
 

	"Compared with traditional border monitoring networks that mainly depend on video surveillance, our system has a wider coverage and more deterrence thanks to the use of drones and acoustic weapons," he said. 
 

	The system is expected to be more useful at Xinjiang which borders Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK) and Afghanistan to prevent the infiltration of the militants of the East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM), an Al-Qaeda backed outfit active among Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang. 
 

	Border defence units in Xinjiang, Guangdong and Heilongjiang have been using frontier monitoring systems for several years, but most of them are closed-circuit televisions that have limited detection capabilities. 
 

	"Given that cross-border crimes are frequent, it no longer works to depend on our soldiers to patrol and catch the bad guys on foot. Therefore the border defence authorities are turning their eyes on high-tech apparatus," Mao said.
 

	The institute is a subsidiary of China North Industries Group Corp, the country's major manufacturer of land weapons. 

	 
	 
	(Image credits: Indiatimes)

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